职称英语理工a 2014及密卷原文

TeachingMath,Teaching 教数学，教焦Inanewstudyaboutthewaykidslearnmathinelementaryschool,thepsychologistsattheUniversityofChicagol1SianBeilockandSusanLevinefoundasurprisingrelationshipbetweenwhatfemaleteachersthinkandwhatfemalestudentslearn:Ifafemaleteacheris fortablewithherownmathskills,thenherfemalestudentsaremorelikelytobelievethatboysarebetterthangirlsatmath.在一项关于小学生学数学的研究中，芝加哥大学的心理学家SianBeilock和SusanLevine发现，女教师的想法和女学生的学习之间有着惊人的联系：如果女教师对自己的数学能力感到焦虑，女学生很可能认为男孩子数学比学得更好。"Ifthesegirlskeepgettingmath-anxiousfemaleteachers2inlatergrades,itmaycreateasnowballeffectontheirmathachievement3saidLevine.Inotherwords,girlsmayenduplearningmathanxietyfromtheirteachers4.Thestudysuggeststhatifthesegirlsgrowupbelievingthatboysarebetteratmaththangirlsare,thenthesegirlsmaynotdoaswellastheywouldhaveiftheyweremoreconfident.孩子们在一个认为男孩比数学好的环境中成长那么她们的数学可能会不如在更自信的Justasstudentsfindcertainsubjectstobedifficult,teacherscanfindcertainsubjectstobedifficulttolearn--andteach.Thesubjectofmathcanbeparticularlydifficultforeveryone.Researchersusetheword"anxiety"todescribesuchfeelings:anxietyisuneasinessorworry.Thenewstudyfoundthatwhenateacherhasanxietyaboutmath,thatfeelingcaninfluencehowherfemalestudentsfeelaboutmath.Thestudyinvolved65girls,52boysand17first-andsecond-gradeteachersinelementaryschoolsintheMidwest.Thestudentstookmathachievementtestsatthebeginningandendoftheschoolyear,andtheresearcherscomparedthescores.Theresearchersalsogavethestudentsteststolwhetherthestudentsbelievedthatamathsuperstarhadtobeaboy.Thentheresearchersturnedtotheteachers:Tofindoutwhichteacherswereanxiousaboutmath,theresearchersaskedtheteachershowtheyfeltattimeswhentheycameacrossmath,suchaswhenreadingasalesreceipt5.Ateacherwhogotnervouslookingatthenumbersonasalesreceipt,forexample,wasprobablyanxiousaboutmath.研究者们测试学生是否认为数学一定会是男孩。然后研究者们测试教师，试图找出Boys,onaverage,wereunaffectedbyateacher'sanxiety.Onaverage,girlswithmath-anxiousteachersscoredlowerontheend-of-the-yearmathteststhanothergirlsinthestudydid.Plus,onthetestshowingwhethersomeonethoughtamathsuperstarhadtobeaboy,20girlsshowedfeelingthatboyswouldbebetteratmath--andallofthesegirlshadbeentaughtbyfemaleteacherswhohadmathanxiety."Thisisaninterestingstudy,buttheresultsneedtobeinterpretedaspreliminaryandinneedofreplicationwithalargersample6,"saidDavidGeary,apsychologistattheUniversityofMissouri7inColumbia.DavidGeary说"这是一个有趣的研究，但是这只是初步结WhatistheresultoftheresearchattheUniversityofChicago,accordingtothefirstD、Femaleteachers'confidenceintheirmathskillsisrelatedtogirl'smathWhatisimpliedinthethirdB、Adifficultsubjectlikemathmayaffectteachers'confidenceinteachingtheAccordingtotheexperiment,thoseteacherswereprobablyanxiousaboutmathwhentheyC、uneasyreadingthenumbersofasalesThesixthparagraphlsusthattheresearchAproveastronglinkbetweenfemaleteachers'mathanxietyandtheirfemalestudents'mathachievements.DavidGearythinksB、theresearchresultsneedtoberetestedbasedonalargerFemaleteachers'confidenceintheirmathskillsisrelatedtogirl'smathskills.Adifficultsubjectlikemathmayaffectteachers'confidenceinteachingthesubject.uneasyreadingthenumbersofasalesproveastronglinkbetweenfemaleteachers'mathanxietyandtheirfemalestudents'mathachievements.theresearchresultsneedtoberetestedbasedona1）WhatistheresultoftheresearchattheUniversityoftothefirstWhatisimpliedinthethirdAcco