2020届上海进才中学高三英语下学期3月月考英语试题(解析版)

进才中学高三英语下3月月试卷II.GrammarandVocabularySectionAGrammarandVocabularyUniversitiesShow“RedCard”toEnglishMajorsAnincreasingnumberofChineseuniversitiesareshowingEnglishthe“redcard”andsendingitofftheacademicplayingfield.Justlastmonth,fivemoreuniversitiesannouncedthattheywouldnolongerofferEnglishasamajor,_____1_____CET-4(大学Atfirstsight,itmayappearthattheseuniversitiesaredowngradingtheimportanceoflearningEnglish.Inactualfact,theyarerespondingtotheeconomicreality_____2_____英语四级考试)willstillberequiredforgraduation.Englishmajorsdonothavegoodjobprospectsaftergraduation.AndthesameholdstrueforgraduatesinotherArtsmajors.AccordingtoMyCOS,theBeijing-basededucationresearchgroup,Englishgraduates,alongwiththoseinhistory,literatureandlaw,have_____3_____(low)startingsalariesandlowestemploymentrate.Engineering,economicsandsciencegraduateshavebetterjobprospectsandmaketwiceasmuchmoney,withITgraduates____4____(make)themost.In_____5_____1980s,theChinesegovernmentmadethestudyofEnglishapriorityaspartofitsreformandopening-uppolicy.EnglishmajorswereinhighdemandinbusinessandingovernmentbecausepeoplewithgoodEnglish-languageskillsweresorare.Today,about350millionChinesehavestudied,orarestudying,English.Tenmillionofthem_____6_____(consider)functionallybilingual.So,whenanemployerlooksatagraduate’srésumé,itisassumedthatheorshehasgoodEnglishskills.However,forthoseofyouwhotrulyloveEnglish,youshouldnotbediscouraged.ThedemandforEnglishteachersisstillhighatalllevelsofeducation,_____7_____inpublicschoolsandinprivateinstitutions.ZhangLuisprobablyfamiliartomostofyouastheelegantyoungwoman_____8_____(see)standingorsittingslightlybehindtopgovernmentofficialswhentheymeetleadersfromEnglish-speakingcountries.Zhangisatranslator.In2015,shemade54overseastripsaccompanyingvariousleaderssuchasLiKeqiang.Overtheyears,shehasbeentheofficialChinese/Englishtranslator_____9_____majorinternationalconferences.ZhangstudiedEnglishandlawatuniversity.She______10______(plan)tobeateacher,butherskillsattractedtheattentionoftheMinistryofForeignAffairs.Theyofferedherajobinthediplomaticservice.Itisnotthecareershehadplanned,butherabilitiesenabledhertograsptheopportunity.So,ifEnglishisreallyyourpassion,letZhangbeyourmodelandjustchooseauniversitythathasnotshownitthe“redcard.”【答案】1.though2.that3.thelowest5.the4.making6.areconsidered7.both9.at8.seen10.hadplanned【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了越来越多的中国大学向英语亮起了“红牌”，并把它赶出了学术领域。事实上，他们是在回应经济现实，即英语专业学生毕业后没有良好的就业前景。文章说明了英语专业就业现状，并举了外交部翻译张璐的例子。【1题详解】考查连接词。句意：就在上个月，又有五所大学宣布不再开设英语专业，尽管大学英语四级考试仍然是毕业的必修课。【2题详解】此处为让步状语从句，位于句中表示“虽然”应用though引导。故填though。考查连接词。句意：事实上，他们是在回应英语专业学生毕业后就业前景不佳的经济现实。此处为同位语修饰先行词reality，且从句中不缺少成分，故应用that。故填that。【3题详解】考查最高级。句意：根据北京教育研究机构MyCOS的数据，英语专业毕业生以及历史、文学和法律专业毕业生的起薪最低，就业率最低。结合句意可知表示“最低”应用形容词最高级。故填thelowest。4【题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：工程、经济和科学专业的毕业生就业前景更好，收入也翻了一番，其中IT专业的毕业生收入最高。此处为with的复合结构，且make与ITgraduates构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填making。

5【题详解】考查冠词。句意：20世纪80年代，中国政府将英语学习作为改革开放政策的一部分。根据短语inthe1980s表示“20世纪80年代”，中间需要定冠词。故填the。6【题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：他们中有1000万人被认为具有双语功能。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且时态为一般现在时，主语为Tenmillionofthem，故谓语动词用复数形式。故填areconsidered。7【题详解】的考查非谓语动词。句意：大家可能都很熟悉张璐，她是一位优雅的年轻女性，当政府高级官员会见英语国家领导人时，她或或站坐在他们身后成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填seen。考查代词。句意：无论是公立学校还是私立学校，各级教育都对英语教师的需求仍然很高。根据短语both…and…表示“两者都……”。故填both。8【题详解】非谓语动词，与逻辑。分析句子结构可知see在句中作主语woman构9【题详解】考查介词。句意：多年来，她一直是主要国际会议官方中文/英文翻译。此处表示“在重要的国际会议上”应用介词at。故填at。10【题详解】考查动词时态。句意：她原计划前，即“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填hadplanned。【点睛】当分词做状语的时候，如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系，就使用现在分词做状语；当二者构成被动关系，使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系，可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。如第八小题，句意：大家可能都家领导人时，她或或站坐在他们身后。动词，与逻辑主语woman构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填seen。当一名教师，但她的技能引起了外交部的注意。此处plan发生在attract之很熟悉张璐，她是一位优雅的年轻女性，当政府高级官员会见英语国分析句子结构可知see在句中作非谓语SectionBBathroomRevealsYourRepaymentAbilityBanksandotherlenderstypicallylookatborrowers’credithistories,taxformsandotherfinancialinformationtodeterminewhethertheywillgetpaidback.InChina,_____11_____lendersalsolookattheirbathrooms.Astheeconomyslows,thegovernmentwantstonurtureacreditculturetogetChinesefamiliesspendinginsteadofsaving.Whilethecountry’swealthhas_____12_____,thefinancialsystemhasnotkeptpace.Somepeoplehavehadno_____13_____tocreditcardormortgage,solendersoftenhavelittlereliableinformationaboutpotentialborrowers.Tofillthegaps,oneupstartlender,ChinaRapidFinance,_____14_____dataanalysiswithon-the-groundspadework.Thecompany’sinvestigators,inmorethan90cities,checkforthenumberoftoothbrushesortowelstodeterminehowmanypeoplearelivinginahouse.Theylookfordirtydishesinthekitchen.Theytakephotosofapotentialborroweratworktoconfirmemploymentstatus.AgrowingnumberofcompaniesaretryingtocrackthecreditcodeinChina.TheinternetgiantsAlibaba,TencentandBaiduaredevelopingcredit_____15_____systemsbasedonusers’onlinetransactionsandsearchhistories.TheWorldBankestimatedthat79percentofChina’spopulationabovetheageof15havebankaccounts,whileonly10percenthaveeverborrowedfromtheformalfinancialsystem.China’sbankshavea(n)_____16_____consumerslendingbusiness.Contrarily,onlinelendersare_____17_____asthepioneers,satisfyingChina’srisingconsumerclass.Alibaba’sfinancialaffiliate(隶属机构),Huabei,makessmallloanstoonlineshoppersandvendorsonitse-commerceplatforms.Peer-to-peerplatformshaveprovedhugelypopularinChina,buttheindustry’sreputationhasbeen_____18_____byscandal,likethecollapseofEzubao.Afterthat,regulatorshavesteppeduptheiroversightofonlinelenders,includingsetting_____19_____ontheamountsthatcanbeborrowed.Theregulators’tighteninggripis“somethinglikeashepherd_____20_____herdinghissheepintoanincreasinglynarrowingpenorchute,”saidMarkNatkin,thefounderandmanagingdirectoratMarbridgeConsulting,basedinBeijing.【答案】11.B12.D13.J15.G17.F19.H14.C16.A18.K20.E【解析】这是一篇说明文。银行和其他放贷机构通常会查看借款人的信用记录、税单和其他财务信息，以确定他们是否能获得还款。在中国，创意贷款机构也会查看他们的浴室。文章说明了这一做法的原因，以及操作过程。还分析了目前中国人的借贷情况。11【题详解】考查形容词。句意：在中国，创意贷款机构也会查看他们的浴室。修饰后文名词lenders应用形容词，且结合句意表示“创意的”。故填creative。故选B。12【题详解】考查动词时态。句意：虽然这个国家的财富不断膨胀，但金融体系却没有跟上步伐。从句中缺少谓语，且表示“膨胀”动词为swell，结合上文Whilethecountry’swealthhas可为知现在完成D。时。故填swelled。故选13【题详解】考查名词。句意：有些人无法获得信用卡或抵押贷款，因此贷款人往往对潜在借款人的可靠信息知之甚少。结合句意表示“无法进入，没有办法”短语为havenoaccessto。故填access。故选J。14【题详解】考查名词的数。句意：为了填补这一“补充”应用动词Finance，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填supplements。故选C。空白，一家新兴的贷款机构，中国快速金融，以实际工作补充了数据分析。句中缺少谓语动词且表示supplement，且时态为一般现在时，主语为ChinaRapid15【题详解】考查名词。句意：互联网巨头阿里巴巴、腾讯和百度正在开发基于用户在线交易和搜索历史的信用评分系统。结合句意表示“信用评分系统”可应知用名词scoring。故填scoring。故选G。16【题详解】考查形容词。句意：中国的银行有适度的消费者贷款业务。修饰后文名词短语consumerslendingbusiness应用形容词，且结合句意表示“适度的”应用modest。故填modest。故选A。17【题详解】考查动词时态。句意：相反，网上银行正成为先驱者，以满足中国日益增长的消费阶层。本句中缺少谓语动词，且结合句意表示“变得显眼（或重要、突出）；出现”应用动词emerge，且根据上文onlinelendersare可为知现在进行时。故填emerging。故选F。

18【题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：事实证明，P2P平台在中国非常受欢迎，但该行业的声誉已被丑闻所毁，例如e租宝的倒闭。本句中缺少谓语，且结合句意表示“毁灭”应用动词ruin，根据上文hasbeen可知为现在完成时的被动语态。故填ruined。故选K。19【题详解】考查名词的数。句意：在那之后，监管机构加强了对网上贷款机构的监管，包括对可借金额设定上限。此处做setting的宾语应用名词，且表示caps。故选H。“最高限额”应用名词cap，结合句意此处应用名词复数形式。故填20【题详解】考查副词。句意：总部位于北京的Marbridge咨询公司创始人兼董事总经理MarkNatkin表示，监管机构的收紧控制“有点像一个牧羊人逐渐把羊群赶到一个越来越窄的围栏或斜槽里。”修饰后文动词herd应用副词gradually，表示“逐渐地”。故填gradually。故选E。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionAPresidentCoolidge’sstatement,“ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness,”stillpointstoanimportanttruthtoday-thatbusinessinstitutionshavemoreprestige(威望)inAmericansocietythananyotherkindoforganization,includingthegovernment.Whydobusinessinstitutions_____21_____thisgreatprestige?OnereasonisthatAmericans_____22_____businessasbeingmorefirmlybasedontheidealof_____23_____thanotherinstitutionsinsociety.Sincecompetitionisseenasthemajor_____24_____ofprogressandprosperitybymostAmericans,competitivebusinessinstitutionsare____25____.Competitionisnotonlygoodinitself,itisthemeansbywhichotherbasicAmerican_____26_____suchasindividualfreedom,equalityofopportunity,andhardworkareprotected.Competition_____27_____thefreedomoftheindividualbyensuringthatthereisnomonopoly(垄断)ofpower.Incontrasttooneall-powerfulgovernment,manybusinessescompeteagainsteachotherfor____28____.Theoretically,ifonebusinesstriestotakeunfairadvantageofitscustomers,itwilllosetocompetingbusinesswhichtreatsitscustomersmorefairly.Wheremanybusinessescompeteforthecustomers’dollars,theycannotaffordto_____29_____themlikeinferiorsorslaves.A_____30_____isoftenmadebetweenbusiness,whichiscompetitive,and______31______,whichisamonopoly.Becausebusinessiscompetitive,manyAmericansbelievethatitismoresupportiveoffreedomthangovernment,eventhoughgovernmentleadersareelectedbythepeopleandbusinessleadersarenot.ManyAmericansbelieve,then,thatcompetitionisasimportant,orevenmoreimportant,thandemocracyinpreserving______32______.Competitioninbusinessisalsobelievedto_____33_____theidealofequalityofopportunity.Competitionisseenasanopenandfairracewheresuccessgoestotheswiftestperson______34______hisorhersocialclassbackground.CompetitivesuccessiscommonlyseenastheAmerican______35______tosocialrankbasedonfamilybackground.Businessisthereforeviewedasanexpressionoftheideaofequalityofopportunityratherthanthearistocratic(贵族的)ideaofinheritedprivilege.21.A.qualify22.A.referB.restrictC.impressC.reflectD.possessD.confirmD.determinationD.resourceD.rejectedD.customsD.presentsD.fundsB.view23.A.competition24.A.resultB.cooperationB.componentB.respectedB.culturesB.buildsC.admirationC.source25.A.estimated26.A.manners27.A.protects28.A.profitsC.admittedC.valuesC.illustratesC.costsB.savingsB.treat29.A.attendC.serveD.charge30.A.comment31.A.department32.A.security33.A.strengthen34.A.asaresultof35.A.contributionB.complaintB.governmentB.pricesC.choiceD.contrastD.economyD.disciplineD.superviseD.regardlessofD.appealC.businessC.freedomC.cherishC.intermsofC.alternativeB.defineB.bymeansofB.solution21.D【答案】22.B33.A23.A34.D24.C25.B26.C27.A28.A29.B30.D31.B32.C35.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文说明了美国人认为以竞争为基础的商业比其他机构更加坚定，美国人可以通过商业竞争实现他们的个人价值。竞争不仅保护顾客的利益，也会保护商业机构。竞争的工商业与垄断的政府经常形成鲜明对照。在这样的社会体制下，美国人不依靠家庭背景决定社会地位。【21题详解】。句意：为什么商业机构拥有如此高的威望？A.qualify取得资格；B.restrict限制；C.impress考查动词词义辨析给人印象；D.possess拥有，占有。结合上文businessinstitutionshavemoreprestigeinAmericansocietythananyotherkindoforganization,includingthegovernment.可知商业机构拥有很高的威望。故选D。22【题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：原因之一是，美国人认为，与社会上的其他机构相比，企业更坚定地建立在竞争的理想之上。A.refer参考；B.view看待，观察；C.reflect反映；D.confirm确认。结合后文morefirmlybasedontheidealof可知美国人认为企业更坚定地建立在竞争的理想之上。短语viewas“认为……是”。故选B。businessasbeing23【题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：原因之一是，美国人认为，与社会上的其他机构相比，企业更坚定地建立在竞争的理想之上。A.competition竞争；B.cooperation合作；C.admiration钦佩；D.determination决心。结合后文competitionisseenasthemajor可知此处指企业更坚定地建立在竞争的理想之上。故选A。24【题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于竞争被大多数美国人视为进步和繁荣的主要源泉，有竞争力的商业机构受到尊重。A.result结果；B.component组成部分；C.source来源；D.resource资源。结合后文ofprogressandC。prosperitybymostAmericans可知竞争被大多数美国人视为进步和繁荣的主要源泉。故选25【题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于竞争被大多数美国人视为进步和繁荣的主要源泉，有竞争力的商业机构受到尊重。A.estimated估计；havemoreprestigeinAmericansocietythananyotherkindoforganization,includingthegovernment.商业机构拥力的商业机构就会受到尊重。故选B。B.respected尊重；C.admitted承认；D.rejected拒绝。结合上文businessinstitutions有很高的威望，那么有竞争26【题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：竞争不仅本身是好的，力工作得到保护的手段。A.manners礼貌；B.cultures文化；C.values价值观念；D.customs习俗。结合后价值观。故选文suchasindividualfreedom,equalityofopportunity,andhardwork列举的都是美国的C。它还是其他美国基本价值观如个人自由、机会平等和努27【题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：竞争通过确保权力不被垄断来保护个人的自由。A.protects保护；B.builds创建；C.illustrates说明；D.presents颁发。根据上文以保护个人自由。故选areprotected可知竞争可A。suchasindividualfreedom,equalityofopportunity,andhardwork

28【题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：与一个全能政府形成鲜明对比的是，许多企业为了利润而相互竞争。A.profits利润，收益；B.savings储蓄；C.costs花费；D.funds资金。结合后文知企业是为了利润而相互竞争的。故选A。competeforthecustomers’dollars可29【题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在许多企业为了顾客的钱而竞争的地方，他们不能像对待下级或奴隶那样对待顾客。A.attend参加；B.treat对待；C.serve服务；D.charge收费。whichtreatsitscustomersmorefairly.可知此处指对方式。故选B。根据上文itwilllosetocompetingbusiness待顾客的30【题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在竞争性的商业和垄断性的政府之间常常形成对比。A.comment评论；B.complaint抱怨；C.choice选择；D.contrast对比。结合前后文商业之间的竞争性与政府的垄断性，这形成一种对比。故选D。31【题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在竞争性的商业和垄断性的政府之间常常形成对比。A.department部门；D.economy经济。竞争性的商业代表着经济，而政治往往必须是垄断性中itismoresupportiveoffreedomthangovernment也体现了此处指的B.government政府；C.business生意；的，由政府掌控。二者形成对比。后文是垄断性的政府。故选B。32【题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，许多要。A.security安全；B.prices价格；C.freedom自由；D.discipline纪律。根据上文manyAmericansbelievethatitismoresupportiveoffreedomthangovernment,eventhoughgovernmentleadersareelectedbythepeopleandbusinessleadersarenot.(由于商业竞争激烈，许多美国人认为商业比政府更能支持自尽管政府领导人是由人民选举出来的，而企业则不是在讨论个)可知是问题，故选C。美国人认为，在维护自由方面，竞争与民主同等重要，甚至更为重Becausebusinessiscompetitive,由，领导人人自由的33【题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：商业竞争也被认为加强了机会均等的理想。A.strengthen加强；B.define定义；C.cherish珍惜；D.supervise监督。结合后文Competitionisseenasanopenandfairracewheresuccessgoestotheswiftestperson可知竞争被视为一场公开而公平的竞赛，胜利属于跑得最快的人，那么竞争也被认为加强了机会均等的理想。故选A。

34【题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：竞争被视为一场公开而公平的竞赛，无论社会阶层背景如何，成功总是属于跑得最快的人。A.asaresultof结果；B.bymeansof依靠；C.intermsof按照；D.regardlessof无论，不顾。根据Competitionisseenasanopenandfairrace可知竞争被视为一场公开而公平的竞赛，那么无论（regardlessof）这个人的社会阶层背景如何，成功总是属于跑得最快的人。故选D。上文35【题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在美国，竞争成功通常被认为是基于家庭背景的社会地位之外的另一种选择。A.contribution贡献；B.solution解决方案；C.alternative选择；D.appeal呼吁。根据后文Businessisthereforeviewedasanexpressionoftheideaofequalityofopportunityratherthanthearistocraticideaofinheritedprivilege.可知商业被视为机会平等观念的表达，而不是继承特权的贵族观念。那么本句话应当表示“竞争是基于家庭背景的社会地位之外的另一种选择”。其它选项不符合语境。故选C。SectionBAAmazonhassuddenlywithdrawnitsplanstobuildasatelliteheadquartersinNewYorkCity,citinggrowingoppositionoflocalelectedofficialsinashiftingpoliticalclimate.ThedecisionmarksastunningreversaljustthreemonthsafterAmazoncrownedLongIslandCity,Queens,oneoftwowinnersofahighlypublicnationwidesearchinwhichhundredsofcommunitiesviedforthetechgroup’sinvestment.BylosingAmazon,NewYorkwillsacrificeanestimated25,000jobs-payinganaverageannualsalaryof$150,000each-aswellasasignaturevictoryinabroaderefforttotransformthefinancialservicescapitalintoatechnologyhubtorivalSiliconValley.Amazon’sabout-faceisaparticularsetbackforgovernorAndrewCuomo,wholedthecompany’srecruitmentandtouteditsNovemberdecisionasthecity’sbiggest-evereconomicdevelopmentwin.Atthesametime,itappearedtoconfirmthedominanceofaprogressivewingoftheDemocraticparty,ledbytherecentlyelectedQueensrepresentativeAlexandriaOcasio-Cortez,whowassuspiciousofAmazon’sarrival.Ms,Ocasio-Cortezquestioneditsoppositiontoorganizedlaborandwhetherlocalcitizenswouldbenefitfromitsjobs.AmazonofficialssaidthedecisiontoabandonNewYorkhadbeentakenrecently,andwouldnotdiscusswhatrole,ifany,JeffBezos,thecompany’sfounder,playedinthemove.“Thecommitmenttobuildingaheadquartersrequiredpositive,collaborativerelationshipswithstateandlocalofficialswhowillbesupportiveoverthelongterm,”Amazonwroteinablogpost.“Whilepollsshowthat70percent.ofNewYorkerssupportourplansandinvestment,anumberofstateandlocalpoliticianshavemadeitclearthattheyopposeourpresenceandwillnotworkwithus.”Amazonsaiditdidnotintendtoreopenthesearchprocessforareplacement.Instead,companyofficialsexpecttospreadthejobstheyplannedtolocateinQueensaroundexistingAmazonfacilitiesinBoston,SanDiego,VancouverandtheBayArea.36.Amazondrewbackfromsettingupasatelliteheadquartersinthat__________.A.thereisawidespreadpublicobjection.B.thepoliticalclimateisfavorabletorevolution.C.anumberofstateandlocalpoliticianschangedtheirtunes.D.LongIslandlostthefiercecompetitionfortheinvestment.37.Theunderlinedword“about-face”isclosestinmeaningto_________.A.victoryB.reversalD.supportC.investment38.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Amazonreorienteditselffromafinancialcentertoatechnologyhub.B.JeffBezoswastoblameforhismistakesindecision-making.C.AndrewCuomohadprejudiceagainstAmazon’snewheadquartersplan.DAlexandraOcasio-CortezwascautiousinresponsetoAmazon’splan.39.Whatisthepassagemainlyconcernedwith?A.AmazonrelocateitsnewfacilitiesinQueens.B.AmazondropsplansforheadquartersinNewYorkCity.C.Amazonseekstocooperatewithstateandlocalpoliticians.D.Amazonisunderfireforwithdrawingtheplanforafacility.36.C【答案】37.B38.D39.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了亚马逊突然撤销了在纽约市建立一个卫星总部的计划，理由是在政治气候变化的背景下，当地民选官员的反对越来越强烈。文章说明了这一行为将产生的影响，以及相关人员对此的看法。【36题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段AmazonhassuddenlywithdrawnitsplanstobuildasatelliteheadquartersinNewYorkCity,citinggrowingoppositionoflocalelectedofficialsinashiftingpoliticalclimate.可知亚马逊突然撤销了在纽约市建立一个卫星总部的计划，理由是在政治气候变化的背景下，当地民选官员的反对越来越强烈。由此可知，亚马逊退出了设立卫星总部的计划，因为许多州和地方政客改变了他们的态度。故选C。37【题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中Thedecisionmarksastunningreversal可知亚马逊退出了设立卫星总部的计划这一决定标志着一个惊人的逆转，而这次逆转对纽约州州长AndrewCuomo来说是一次特别的挫折。由此可知，划线单词意思为“逆转”。故选B。38【题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段Atthesametime,itappearedtoconfirmthedominanceofaprogressivewingoftheDemocraticparty,ledbytherecentlyelectedQueensrepresentativeAlexandriaOcasio-Cortez,whowassuspiciousofAmazon’sarrival.Ms,Ocasio-Cortezquestioneditsoppositiontoorganizedlaborandwhetherlocalcitizenswouldbenefitfromitsjobs.可知区众议员AlexandriaOcasio-Cortez领导，他对亚马逊的到来表示怀疑。Ocasio-Cortez女士质疑其对劳工组织以及当地公民是否会从其工作中受益持谨慎AlexandraOcasio-Cortez对亚马逊的计划怀疑态度。故选D。与此同时，它似乎证实了民主党进步派的主导地位，后者由最近当选的皇后的反对，。由此可知，39【题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段AmazonhassuddenlywithdrawnitsplanstobuildasatelliteheadquartersinNewYorkCity,citinggrowingoppositionoflocalelectedofficialsinashiftingpoliticalclimate.可知亚马逊突然撤销了在纽约市建立一个卫星总部的计划，理由是在政治气候变化的背景下，当地民选官员的反对越来越强烈。结合文章主要内容为说明亚马逊退出了设立卫星总部的计划这一行为所产生的影响，以及相关人员对此的看法。故选B。【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为①定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用referto,becalled或that'stosay,suchas等。②逻辑猜词可以根据同义词ontheotherhand,since,because等，所猜词与这③语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。④语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线所在的整段及整篇文章。⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,thesameas,but,however,while,些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其

,置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。如第二小题，根据第二段中Thedecisionmarksastunningreversal可知亚马逊退出了设立卫星总部的计划这一决定标志着一个惊人的逆转，而这次逆转对纽约州州长AndrewCuomo来说是一次特别的挫折。由此可知，划线单词意思为“逆转”。故选B。BWhenyouleaveretirementplanningtoolate,itmaybedifficulttostartputtingasideadequatefundsintheyearswhenyouhaveotherfinancialcommitments.TheCentralProvidentFund(CPF)BoardconductedaFacebookcontest(/areyoureadysg)lastyearcollectingstoriesandanecdotesothershavetoshareontheirdifficultiesinmanagingtheirfinances,relatingtocashflow,housing,healthcareandretirement.Thankfully,thereisnowaneasywaytostartwiththelatestCPFBoardinitiative,AreYouReady(AYR).Launchedin2011,AYRisdesignedtoencourageSingaporeanstokick-starttheirfinancialandretirementplanning.Throughtools,talksandgames,AYRprovidesaninformativeandinteractivewayforSingaporeanstounderstandtheimportanceofretirementplanning;andtakeanactiveroleinworkingtowardsit.AYRrevolvesaround4checklistsbuiltupon4keymessages:ManagingyourcashflowAbasicstepinfinancialplanning,thisputsyouinabetterpositiontoconsiderotheraspectsofretirementplanningandadequacy.Buyingahousewithinyourmeans.ThisthemefocusesonhelpingSingaporeansunderstandtheprinciplesofprudenceandaffordabilityinmakingtheirmostexpensivefinancialcommitment.TakingchargeofhealthcarecostsSingaporeansneedtoplanaheadtobefinanciallyandphysicallypreparedforhealthuncertainties.SecuringyourretirementIncreasinglifeexpectancymeansputtingafinancialplaninplaceasearlyaspossible;tobefinanciallyindependentinoldage.40.ThepurposeofAreYouReadyinitiativeisto___________.A.stimulatetheinteractionamongSingaporeans.B.provideanincentivetocontributemoreinwork

C.inspireSingaporeanstojumpoffinretirementplanning.D.familiarizeSingaporeanswiththefinancialsystem41.Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthormostagreewith?A.Theefforttobuyahousemadepeopleholdoffonbuyingotheritems.B.Withpeoplelivinglonger,peoplehavetosavemoremoneyforretirement.C.Healthissueturnsouttobethebiggestconsiderationinretirement.D.Retirementrequirespeoplewithdrawexcessiveincometomaintainflexibility.42.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AreYouReady-Hand-onApproachesB.Real-lifeStories-PressingFinancialBurdensC.ALightforSingaporeans-EarlyRetirementD.LetItGo-RetirementPlanning40.C【答案】41.B42.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为AreYouReady的项目，旨在鼓励新加坡人开始他们的理财和退休计划。通过工具、谈话和游戏，AYR为新加坡人提供了一种信息和互动的方式，让他们了解退休计划的重要性，并在这方面发挥积极作用。文章还说明了AYR围绕4条关键信息构建的4个清单。40【题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Launchedin2011,AYRisdesignedtoencourageSingaporeanstokick-starttheirfinancialandretirementplanning.可知AYR成立于2011年，旨在鼓励新加坡人开始他们的理财和退休计划。由此可知，“AreYouReady”活动的目的是鼓励新加坡人在退休计划方面有所突破。故选C。41【题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句Increasinglifeexpectancymeansputtingafinancialplaninplaceasearlyaspossible;tobefinanciallyindependentinoldage.可知提高预期寿命意味着尽早制定一个财务计划；在老年时保持财务独立。结合选项可寿命的延长，人们不得不为退休存更多的钱”符合作者的B选项“随着人们观点。故选B。推知，42【题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中Launchedin2011,AYRisdesignedtoencourageSingaporeanstokick-starttheir

financialandretirementplanning.可知AYR成立于2011年，旨在鼓励新加坡人开始他们的理财和退休计划。AreYouReady的项目，旨在鼓励新加坡人开始他们的理财和退休计划。通过工具、谈话和游戏，AYR为新加坡人提供了一种信息和互动的方式，让他们了解退休计划的重要性，并在这方面发挥积极作用。文章还说明了AYR围绕4条关键信息构建的4个清单。故A选项“AreYouReady——一个开始A。结合文章主要内容为介绍了一个名为着手的方法”符合文章标题。故选【点睛】态度、观点及感受类推理判断题。高考阅读理解题中有些题目考查考生对文章作者的思想、人物性格倾向等方面的理解。对于判断情感态度类题目，考生需要分析段落大意、作者的思路，理解了文章的段落大意、中心思想后，才能判断出作者的情感态度。学会辨别清楚文章的体裁。如第二小题，根据文章最后一句Increasinglifeexpectancymeansputtingafinancialplaninplaceasearlyaspossible;tobefinanciallyindependentinoldage.可知提高预期寿命意味着尽早制定一个财务计划；在老年时保持财务独立。结合选项可推知，随着人们寿命的延长，人们不得不为退休存更多的钱”符合作B选项“B。者的观点。故选CWarisexpensiveanditisbloody.ThatiswhyAmerica'sDepartmentofDefencewantstoreplaceathirdofitsarmedvehiclesandweaponrywithrobotsby2015.Suchachangewouldsavemoney,asrobotscanbemuchcheapertoreplacethanpeople.Justasimportantlyforthegenerals,itwouldmakewagingwarlesspreytothepoliticsofbodybags.Nobodymournsarobot.TheUSmilitaryalreadyroutinelyusesroboticaeroplanesknownasunmannedaerialvehicles(UAVs).InNovember2001twomissilesfaredfromaremote-controlledPredatorUAVkilledMohammadAtef,al-Qaeda'schiefofmilitaryoperationsandoneofOsamabinLaden'smostimportantassociates,ashedrovehiscarnearKabul.ButwhereasUAVsandtheirground-basedequivalents,suchasthemachinegun-totingSwordrobots,areusuallycontrolledbydistanthumanoperators,thePentagonwouldliketogivetheserobotsincreasingamountsofautonomy,includingtheabilitytodecidewhentouselethalforce.Toachievethis,RonaldArkinoftheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology,inAtlanta,isdevelopingasetofrulesofengagementforbattlefieldrobotstoensurethattheiruseoflethalforcefollowstherulesofethics.Inotherwords,heistryingtocreateanartificialconscience.DrArkinbelievesthatthereisanotherreasonforputtingrobotsintobattle,whichisthattheyhavethepotentialtoactmorehumanelythanpeople.Stressdoesnotaffectarobot'sjudgmentinthewayitaffectsasoldier's.Hisapproachistocreatewhathecallsa"multidimensionalmathematicaldecision-spaceofpossiblebehavioractions".Basedoninputsrangingfromradardataandcurrentpositiontomissionstatusandintelligencefeeds,thesystemwoulddividethesetofallpossibleactionsintothosethatareethicalandthosethatarenot.If,forexample,thedronefromwhichthefatalattackonAtefwaslaunchedhadsensedthathiscarwasovertakingaschoolbus,itmight

thenhaveheldfire.TherearecomparisonstobedrawnbetweenDrArkin'sworkandthefamousThreeLawsofRoboticsdrawnupinthe1950sbyIsaacAsimov,ascience-fictionwriter,togovernrobotbehaviour.ButwhereasAsimov'slawswere.intendedtopreventrobotsfromharmingpeopleinanycircumstances,DrArkin'saresupposedtoensureonlythattheyarenotunethicallykilled.Thisisanadmirablegoalintheory,butevenifethicscanbeneatlyencodedintosoftware,pitfallsremain.Althoughacompletelyrationalrobotmightbeunfazedbythechaosandconfusionofthebattlefield,itcouldstillmakemistakes.Surveillanceandintelligencedatacanbewrong,andconditionsandsituationsonthebattlefieldcanchange.43.America’smilitaryforcewantstoreplacepeoplewithrobotsNOTbecause________.A.warcostalotanditisbloodyB.peopleshowsympathyforapersonnotarobotC..thearmedvehiclesandweaponsaretooexpensiveD.thegeneralwouldreceivelesscriticismfromthemasses44.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTrue?A.Atefwaskilledbytwomissilesfiredfromaremote-controlledmannedaerialvehicle.B.ThedepartmentofforcealreadyusesUAVswithrelativelyhighautonomy.C.ThestudydonebyDr.ArkinissimilartoThreeLawsofRobotics.D.InArkin’sopinion,asoldier’sjudgmentcanbeaffectedbutrobot’swon’t.45.What’sthemainideaofthisarticle?A.RonaldArkinisdevelopingasetofrulestoincreaseautonomy.B.RonaldArkinismakingeffortstocreateanartificialconscience.C.Atefwaspreciselybombedbyaremote-controlledPredatorUVA.D.TherearecomparisonsbetweenDr.Arkin’sworkandTh