英语-江苏省扬州市2022-2023学年高三下学期开学考试英语试题

2022-2023学年第二学期期初考试高三英语2023.2本试卷共9页,满分150分。考试用时120分钟。第一部分：听力(共两节,20小题,每题1.5分,满分30分)第一节听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwastheweatherlikeintheafternoon?A.Windy.B.Sunny.C.Rainy.2.Howdoesthemansound?A.Worried.B.Confident.C.Afraid.3.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Goingonholiday.B.Takingphotographs.C.Gettinganewpassport.4.Whydidthemangotoseeadoctor?A.Hecanonlyseethingsupclose.B.Hegetsglassesforthewoman.C.Hedoesn'tlikehisoldglasses.5.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A.Stayathome.B.Playwithsnow.C.Playbadminton.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthewomanwanttoreplacethesofa?A.Itisuncomfortable.B.Itisreallyold.C.Itdoesn'tmatchthetable.7.Whatdothespeakersagreetodo?A.Changethetable.B.Buyareadinglamp.C.Movealampontothetable.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Whatdidthemanuselastweekend?A.Asharedbike.B.Asharedcharger.C.Asharedumbrella.9.Whatisthewomangoingtotalkaboutnext?A.Theproperwaystousethesharingproduct.B.Herattitudetowardsthesharingeconomy.C.Theadvantagesofthesharingeconomy.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Whathasthemanfound?A.Anolddoor.B.Asecretdinner.C.Aninterestingwall.11.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Husbandandwife.12.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inashop.B.Inahouse.C.Inacastle.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthemandoing?A.Eatingameal.B.Cookingameal.C.Havinganinterview.14.Howlonghasthemanbeencooking?A.Onlyrecently.B.Sincehewasakid.C.Sincehewastwentyyearsold.15.Whydoesthemanmentionriceandnoodles?A.Togiveanexample.B.Tonamehisfavoritefood.C.Toshowhisbestcooking.16.Whatisthemostimportantforcookingaccordingtotheman?A.Richflavors.B.Freshnessoffood.C.Differentstylesofcooking.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.WhatisCathy'snationality?A.Chinese.B.German.C.American.18.Whenwilltheystartmakingdumplings?A.At4p.m.B.At6p.m.C.At8p.m,19.HowwillCathycometothespeaker'shouseprobably?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bytaxi.20.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkCathymayworryabout?A.Goingbacktooearly.B.Stayingtheretoolong.C.HavingdifficultywatchingTVshows.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThere'snoshortageofhealthfoodtrendsonTikTok,butwhichonesareactuallysensible?Andshouldyouskipanyofthemaltogether?WeaskedregistereddietitianVanessaRissetto,andhere'swhatyouneedtoknow.EmilyMariko'sSalmonBowlMadewithrice,bakedsalmon,soysauceandspicymayo—andtobeclear,therearealotofdifferentvariationsofitonline—thispassesRissetto'stestbecauseit'shealthy,fast,easyandhasgoodflavor.Rissettosaysthatwhileshewouldrecommendthisrecipe,shewouldalsosuggestchangingthewhitericeforbrownriceforincreasednutrientsandmorefiber.HealthyCookieDoughCookiedoughthat'shealthy?Thisistoogoodtobetrue,right?Theanswerisprobablyyes.Risscttosaysthatwhilethismaybehealthy,itprobablydocsn'ttastegood.“I'mcertainthistasteslikecardboard,”shesaid.“Ifyoudon'tcareabouttaste—thenthisisforyou.”LettuceWaterForSleepWhileharmless,theTikToktrendofpouringboilingwateroverromainelettuceleavestomake“lettucewater”forbettersleepprobablywon'tcureyoursleepdisorder—anditprobablydoesn'ttastegreat,either.“Thisisnotathing.There'snoevidencetoproveit,”Rissettosaid.“Instead,steepabananapeelinboilingwatertohelpaidwithsleep.”Nature'sCerealAsRissettopointsout,it'sbasicallyafruitsmoothiebowl.“Iamallforhavingberriesandcoconutwater,”shesaid."Nutrition-wise,thishaslotsofvitamins,antioxidantsandfiber.It'sbasicallyafruitsaladthatwouldbesuperrefreshingonahotdayorpost-workout”21.WhatisspecialaboutEmilyMariko'ssalmonbowl?A.Itdoesn'ttastegreat.B.Itisgoodforhealth.C.Itsrecipeisnotfixed.D.Itusestwokindsofrice.22.Whichrecipedoesn'tRissettorecommend?A.EmilyMariko'ssalmonbowl.B.Healthycookiedough.C.Lettucewaterforsleep.D.Nature'scereal.23.Whichfoodsuitsyoubestafterplayingafootballmatch?A.EmilyMariko'ssalmonbowlB.Healthycookiedough.C.Lettucewaterforsleep.D.Nature'scereal.BAndyKonghasworkedveryhardtogettowhereheistoday.Hecreditsbecomingamillionaireby20tohisstrictAsianparentswhotutoredhimatayoungagebyworkingforthefamily.Kong,ofDanville,Virginia,startedworkingwhenhewasonlynine.Englishwasn'tastrongsuitforAndy'sparents,andthat'swherehewasabletoassisthisfamilythemost.Afterschoolandonweekendshewouldhelpoutattheirfamily-ownedrestaurantandnailsalons.Notonlydidhedothelaborwork,buthewasalsoinvolvedincreatingonlineads.Thiswashisintroductiontotheworldofonlinebusiness.AndystartedhisAmazonbusinessintheeighthgrade.WhenhelearnedaboutAmazonDropshipping(代发货模式)fromakidhesawonInstagram,hegotinspiredanddecidedtogiveitatry.Unfortunately,thestoreeventuallygotshutdownbecausehewasimpatientwiththegrowth.Insteadofconsideringitafailure,heviewedthisexperienceasalifelessonandlearnedfromhismistakes.Meanwhile,hisparentsneverstoppedtryingtotalkhimintofocusingonschoolandtheirretailbusiness.“Thebiggestchallengewhenstartingabusinessisgettingsomeonetobelieveinyou,”Andysays.Hepushedthroughanddidthingsforhimselfevenwhenhislovedonesdiscouragedit.In2019,Andymethisnowbusinesspartners,andtogether,theycreatedanAmazonmanagementcompanycalledProjectWiFi.ThisProjecthasproventobeextremelysuccessful.Theycurrentlyhelpover55clientsruntheironlinebusinesses,andplantohelpmanymoreinthefuture.Whenaskedaboutthesecrettohissuccess,Andysays,“Learningtosacrificewhetherthat'sfamily,friends,orsoccergameforasinglegoalistheonlywaytosucceed,ratherthanattemptingmultiplethings.Ifit'sworthdoingthenit'sworthdoingwellwithnoshortcuts.”24.WhydidAndyworkinhisparents'shopsatayoungage?A.Becausehecouldearnsomepocketmoney.B.Becausehisparentsweren'tfluentinEnglish.C.Becausehisparentscouldhelpwithhisstudy.D.BecausehecouldgetaccesstotheInternet.25.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Anewonlinebusinessmodel.B.Resultsofworkingimpatiently.C.DifficultiesinAndy'scareer. D.Andy'stensefamilyrelationship.26.WhatdoesAndythinkcontributestohissuccess? A.Hisearlyworkingexperiences. B.Lessonslearnedfromhisfailures.C.Gainingotherpeople'strust. D.Focusingononethingatatime.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAndyKong'spersonality?A.Committedandgenerous.B.Motivatedandopen-minded.C.Creativeandfaithful.D.Hard-workingandsociable.CToday,theVikingsaremostlyknownasviolentpirates(海盗).Buttheywerealsotraders.Attheirheight,theVikingsattacked,settledortradedonfourcontinents.Alloftheirtravel,tradeandwarfareweremadepossiblebyVikingships,whichwerefarmoreadvancedthananythingelsesailingaroundEuropeatthetime.Themostfamous,andmostfeared,wasthedrekar.Atsea,theseshipscouldmovequicklythankstotheirlargesails.Thehulls(船体)oftheshipswereshallowandfat,whichmadethemridehighinthewater.Theshipswerealsolightenoughthattheycouldbecarriedfromonebodyofwatertoanotherovershortsectionsofland.Thisgreatlyextendedtheirrange.ButVikingshipsweren'tjustbuiltforwarfare.Anothertype,calledtheknarr,hadcargo(货物)holdsbuiltinthehull.Onesuchcargoshipwascapableofcarrying24tons.Theknarrswouldhavelookedsimilartothedrekarsexcepttheywerelonger,fatterandtaller.ThesewerethebackbonesoftheVikingempire,whichtheyusedtocarryeverythingfromgoldcoinstospicesandfinefabrics.Boththedrekarandtheknarrwerebuiltusingthesamemethod.Traditionally,oceangoingshipshaveusedakeel(龙骨),shapedlikethefinofafish.Thekeelsinksintothewaterbelowthehull.Ithelpstheshipmaintainastraightlinethroughthewaterandcounterstheforceofthewindagainstthesail,whichotherwisemightblowtheshipover.Vikingshipshadnodeepkeel.Instead,theywerebuiltfatenoughtocarrylotsofsoldiersorpiecesofcargowhoseweighthelpedkeeptheshipplantedinthewater.Vikingshipsweresoadvancedfortheirtinethattheyoftenwerethebiggest,tallestandmoststrikingshipsmanypeoplehadeverseen,AmonkattheSt.OmarMonastery,inFranco,wrotethisdescriptionofaroyalVikingshipin1013.“Ononesidelionsmoldedingoldweretobeseenontheships,ontheotherbirdsonthetopsofthepolesindicatedbytheirmovementsthewindsastheyblew…."TheVikingsbuiltawealthyempirethroughtradeaswellasrobberyandusedtheirwealthtocontinuouslyimprovetheirships.28.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A.TheVikingswerenotviolentpirates.buttraders.B.TheVikingsusedtotakealeadintheworldtrade.C.Vikingshipscouldcarrymorecargothanshipstoday.D.Vikingshipscontributedtotheextensionoftheirempire.29.Whatcanweinferabouttheknarrs?A.Theywerenotdesignedforwarfare.B.Theywerefasterthanthedrekars.C.Theyweredesignedtocarrysoldiers.D.Theyservedthesamepurposeasdrekars.30.WhatdotheVikings'shipsandthetraditionaloceangoingshipshaveincommon?A.Theybothuseadeepkeelshapedlikethefinofafish.B.Theybothmakethehullshallowandfatwithlargesails.C.Theybothtakemeasurestokeeptheshipplantedinwater.D.Theybothinstallsomethingtocountertheforceofwind.31.Whydoestheauthorrefertoamonk'sdescriptionofaVikingship?A.ToshowhowadvancedVikingshipswerefortheirtime.B.Toshowhowinterestedthemonkwasintravelingbysea.C.ToshowthatVikingshipsweredesignedinastrangeway.D.ToshowthatVikingshipswerecontinuouslyimproved.DEverylanguageandculturehascursewords(脏话).Whatgivesacurseworditspowerispartlyitsmeaningandpartlyitssound.“InEnglish,forexample,cursewordstendtocontainahighpercentageofplosivesounds—includingP,TandK,”saidRyanMcKay,apsychologistatUniversityofLondon.Dr.McKayteamedupwithhiscolleagueShiriLev-AritolearnwhetherthisfamiliarpatternwentbeyondEnglish.Theywonderedwhetheritmightevenrepresentwhat'scalledsoundsymbolism.Soundsymbolismiswhenawordsoundslikewhatitmeans.TheresearchersfirstaskedfluentspeakersofHebrew,Hindi,Hungarian,KoreanandRussiantolistthemostvulgar(粗俗的)wordstheycouldthinkof.Oncethey'dmadealistofeachlanguage'smostfrequentlyusedcursewords,theresearcherscomparedthesewithneutralwordsfromthesamelanguage.Intheselanguages,theydidn'tfindtheplosivesoundsthatseemcommoninEnglishcursewords.“Instead,wefoundthatthevulgarwordsweredefinedbywhattheylacked:theapproximantsoundsthatincludelettersI,L,R,WandY,”Dr.Lev-Arisaid.Next,thescientistsinvited215nativespeakersofsixlanguages:Arabic,Chinese,Finnish,French,GermanandSpanish.Theparticipantslistenedtopairsofwordsinalanguagetheydidn'tspeak,andguessedwhichwordineachpairwasoffensive.Inreality,allthewordswereinvented.Forexample,theresearchersstartedwiththeAlbanianword“zog,”for“bird,”andcreatedthepairoffakewords“yog"and“tsog.”Participantsweremorelikelytoguessthatwordswithoutapproximants,suchas“tsog,”werecurses.Finally,theresearcherscombedthroughthedictionaryforEnglishcursewordsandtheircleaned-upversions.Onceagain,thecleanversionsincludedmoreofthesoundsI,L,R,WandY.A20th-centurylinguistic(语言学的)principleclaimedthatthesoundsofwordswerearbitrary:Anywordcouldhaveanymeaning.Withcursewords,though,asinothercasesofsoundsymbolism,“thesoundsthemselvesseemtocarrymeaning,”saidLev-Ari.“That'sanewthing,”saidlinguistBenjaminBergen.“Cursewordsacrosslanguages,unrelatedtoeachother,maypatternsimilarly.”Healsopointedout,tomakesurethepatternofapproximantsmissingfromcursesisn'tanaccident,itwouldbenicetofinditinanevenlargersampleoflanguages.32.WhatisthepurposeofMcKayandLev-Ari'sresearch?A.Toanalyzeaphenomenon. B.Toconfirmanassumption.C.Toexplainadefinition. D.Tochallengeatheory.33.Whatweretheparticipantsaskedtodointhesecondpartoftheresearch?A.Todecidewhichcursewordsareusedmorefrequently.B.Tomakeupnewcursewordsfromrealwords.C.Toguessaword'soffensivenessaccordingtoitssound.D.Toidentifytheapproximantsincursewords.34.AccordingtoLev-Ari,whichofthefourislikelytosoundoffensive?A.tusckB.solaC.darnD.biach35.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Theoldlinguisticprincipleofsoundsandmeaningsiswrong.B.Insoundsymbolism,aword'ssoundrepresentsitsmeaning.C.Theresearchrevealsthesimilaritiesbetweendifferentlanguages.D.Theresultoftheresearchisnotfullyacceptedbyscientists.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Intheory,modernsmartphonescanlasthundredsofhoursonasinglecharge.36______Manufacturerslovetouselaboratoryconditionstoadvertisegreatnumbers,mostofwhichdon'tmatchreal-worlduse.Herewehavesomesavingtricksthatactuallywork.Deleteappsyoudon'tuse.Onaverage,smartphoneusersdownloadabout42appsbutuseonlytendaily.Aneasywaytopreservebatterylife?37________Deletinganappthatyoudon'tuseisasimplewaytofreeupstoragespaceonyourdeviceandreducetheburdenofyourbattery.38_________Aphone'ssinglebiggestbatterydrainisthefactthatittakesalotofenergytokeepyourphone'sscreenlitup,andweoftenleaveitonaccidentally,evenifwe'renotlookingatthescreen.Thesolutionistosetyourdevicetoturnoffitsscreenafter30secondsoraminute.Dimthescreen.Viewingyourphone'smillionsofpixelsatfullbrightnessisaguaranteedbatterydrain.Evenyourphone'sauto-brightnessfeaturewillsometimesoverdoit,meaningyoucouldbelosingprecioushoursofbatterylife.Trydimmingyourdisplayalittleatatime.39_________Goaheadandchargeit.You'veprobablyheardtheclassicadviceaboutchargingbatteries:Letyourbatterydrainalltheway,thenchargeto100percentandrepeat.Theideaisthatyouareteachingyourbatteryto“remember”itsfullchargecapacity,ratherthanconfusingitwithperiodic,inconsistentcharges.40____________Soinsteadofrunningoutthedoorwith50percentjuice,considerplugginginyourphonefor15minutesbeforeyouleave.A.Getridoftheothers.B.Decreasedisplaytime.C.Butit'snotthecaseinpractice.D.Turnofftheonesthatyoudon'tuse.E.You'llbesurprisedhowquicklyyoureyesadjust.F.Itdoesn'tconsumeasmuchbatterypoweraswethink.G.Actuallymostsmartphonebatteriesdon'tneedspecialtreatment.第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Aboutfiveyearsago,Iwaspartofapilotgroup(试验小组)formyemployertaskedwithfiguringouthowtohireandtrainpeoplewithdisabilitiesandmakethemsuccessfulinsidetheorganization.Mybosswasverykindanddecidedtobethe41forthegroup.Untilthenwehadonlyhiredpeoplewiththevisually42.Iledthe43ofacandidatewithanautism(自闭症)disability.Thecandidatehadthe44However,ourinterviewteamfeltthatthedisabilitywould45himlearningtheskillsandbeingsuccessful.Iconvincedmypeerstogivehimachancetotryout—-46itwasapilotprogrammeantforourorganizationtolearntoo.Igavethecandidatealotof47andIbecameoneofhistrainers.OurHRdepartmentwasnottoosupportivetotakesomeriskssowecouldonlyhirehimasa48contractor.Thecandidateslowlyandsurelystoodoutintheworkplace.Thereweremanybarriersalongthewaybutthecandidatecametobe49.byhiscolleaguesandhisleader.Icontinuedtotrainhim50andhelpedhimtogetoveranumberofchallengeshisdisabilitypresentedattheworkplace.Fastforwardfiveyears,hecalledmelastnighttoletmeknowthathegotaformal51yesterdayfromhismanagerasaregularemployeewithajobtitle.I.52himandtoldhimmyjoy.Hewentontosay“Sir,53yoursupportalltheseyears,Iwouldnotbehere”.Itoldhim“Yoursuccessisthe54ofyourhardworkandpersistence.Youareaninspirationtoalotofpeoplewith55disabilities.”Isn'titwonderfulthatapersonwithdisabilitysucceedsinaworkplace?41.A.sponsor B.interviewee C.follower D.inspector42.A.involved B.challenged C.advantaged D.varied43.A.interview B.exam C.department D.group44.A.disabilities B.experiences C.qualifications D.attitudes45、A.prevent B.leave C.keep D.send46.A.inall B.afterall C.firstofall D.aboveall47.A.pressure B.gratitude C.control D.encouragement48.A.potential B.constant C.permanent D.temporary49.A.discovered B.ignored C.accepted D.envied50.A.dramatically B.causally C.carelessly D.closely51.A.offer B.permit C.answer D.salary52.A.treated B.comforted C.recognized D.congratulated53.A.beyond B.without C.despite D.besides54.A.method B.cause C.reward D.direction55.A.rare B.serious C.similar D.mental第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThereisnothingquitesoFrenchasabaguette—along,thinstickofbreadthat'sfoundineveryFrenchbakeryintheworld.56__________thistraditionalfoodisn'tjustasnack;thebaguetteisanimportantpartofFrenchculture.Accordingtoonelegend,thebaguette57_______(create)inAustriabyabakerwhointroducedthesteamoventoFrancein1839.Thisbakingmethodmadeitpossibletobakebreadwithacrispycrust(酥皮)andlightcenter.Baguettesgrewin.58_________(popular)inFrancethroughoutthe19thcentury.Earlybaguettesweremuchlargerthanthoseoftoday.59_______(measure)aroundtwometerslong,thesebaguetteswerecarriedbydeliverywomen,whopiledthemlikefirewoodontheirbacks.When60__________(serve),thesehugebaguetteswerecommonlylaidalongthedinnertable,astheyweretoolongtofitthetable'swidth!Whilethebreaddatesbacktothe1800s,thetermbaguettewasn'tregularlyuseduntilthe1920s,61_________anewlawpreventedbakersfromworkingbefore4:00a.m.Followingthelaw'sintroduction,bakersstartedmakingbreadwithalong,thinshapesothatitwouldbake62________(fast)andbereadyintimeforbreakfast.Baguettebegantobeusedtorefertothisfast-bakingbread.Baguetteeatingcomeswith63_________(it)ownsetofcustoms.Forexample,it'sconsideredunluckytoplaceabaguetteupsidedownonatable.Andbaguettesareusuallybrokenapartbyhandduringmeals,notsliced64________aknife.Howeveryouenjoythem,justrememberthatyou'renotjusteatingbread,you'reeating65_________symbolofFrance!第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华,你的笔友Jack为了让父母感受中国春节的氛围,就如何装饰家里更有“年”味征求你的意见。请你给他写一封邮件,内容包括：1.感谢喜欢中国年；2、如何装饰(不少于两点);3、你的祝福。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文述贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据共内容和所给段落汗头语续写两段,使之构成一篇究整的短文。Iwastwentythen,teachingaclassofthirtystudentsinTorontoincludingMike,a10-year-oldstreetkid.Havinglosthisfatherandmother,helivedwithamentally-disturbedgrandmother.Hewasalwayshungry,soeachdayI'dtakehimfo