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八年级上册Units1—2核心知识盘点1.anyonepron.任何人2.anywhereadv.在任何地方3.fewadj.&pron.不多;很少4.somethingpron.某事;某物5.nothingpron.没有什么;没有一件东西、6.seemv.好像;似乎;看来7.boredadj.厌倦的;烦闷的8.decidev.决定;选定9.tryv.&n.尝试;设法;努力重点单词10.wonderv.想知道;琢磨11.differencen.差别;差异12.waitv.等待;等候13.umbrellan.伞;雨伞14.wetadj.湿的;潮湿的;下雨的15.enoughadj.&adv.足够的(地);充足的(地);充分的(地)Unit1Unit216.houseworkn.家务劳动;家务事17.hardlyadv.几乎不;几乎没有18.everadv.在任何时候;从来;曾经19.programn.节目20.fulladj.忙的;满的;充满的21.maybeadv.大概;或许;可能22.healthn.健康;人的身体(或精神)状态23.resultn.结果;后果24.onlineadj.&adv.在线(的);联网(的)25.althoughconj.虽然;尽管;即使26.throughprep.以;凭借;穿过27.mindn.头脑;心智28.bodyn.身体29.togetheradv.在一起;共同30.diev.消失;灭亡;死亡31.dentistn.牙科医生32.magazinen.杂志;期刊33.howeveradv.然而;不过34.almostadv.几乎;差不多35.nonepron.没有一个;毫无36.pointn.得分;点v.指;指向1.goonvacation去度假2.stayathome待在家里3.gotosummercamp参加夏令营4.gotothemountains去爬山5.takephotos照相6.quiteafew相当多;不少7.ofcourse当然;自然8.keepadiary记日记9.feellike给……的感觉;感受到重点短语10.becauseof因为11.helpwithhousework帮忙做家务12.hardlyever几乎从不13.onceaweek一周一次14.usetheInternet使用互联网15.atleast至少;不少于;起码16.junkfood垃圾食品17.begoodfor对……有好处18.goonline上网19.thebestwaytorelax放松的最好方式20.suchas例如;像……这样21.morethan多于22.gotothedentist去看牙医23.lessthan少于1.wondern.→wonderfuladj.精彩的;绝妙的2.Ipron.→myself(反身代词)我自己;我本人3.youpron.→yourself(反身代词)你自己;您自己→

yourselvespl.4.boredadj.→boringadj.没趣的;令人厌倦的5.enjoyv.→enjoyableadj.有乐趣的;令人愉快的

词汇拓展解密中考6.activityn.→activitiespl.活动7.decidev.→decisionn.决定;抉择8.buildv.→buildingn.建筑物;房子9.tradev.&n.→tradern.商人10.differencen.→differentadj.不同的11.hungern.→hungryadj.饥饿的12.likev.→dislike(反义词)不喜爱;厌恶13.onenum.→onceadv.一次;曾经14.twonum.→twiceadv.两次;两倍15.littleadj.→less(比较级)较少的;更少的→

least(最高级)最小的;最少的16.healthn.→healthyadj.健康的→

healthilyadv.健康地17.writev.→writern.作者;作家1.Andbecause

ofthebadweather,wecouldn'tseeanything

below.并且因为糟糕的天气,底下的东西我们什么都看不到。2.How

many

hoursdoyousleepeverynight?你每晚睡多少个小时?3.Although/Thoughmanystudentsliketowatchsports,gameshowsarethe

most

popular.虽然许多学生喜欢观看体育节目,但游戏类节目却是最受欢迎的。重点句型4.Itisgoodtorelaxby

usingtheInternetorwatchinggameshows,butwethinkthebestwaytorelaxisthrough

exercise.通过上网或观看游戏类节目放松很有益,但是我们认为最好的放松方式是通过锻炼。5.Exercisesuch

as

playing

sportsisfun.像做运动这样的锻炼是很有趣的。6.Sostartexercising

beforeit'stoolate!所以赶快锻炼起来,不要等到来不及了!谈论过去的事1.—Longtimenosee.好久不见。—Yes,Iwasonvacationlastmonth.是呀,我上个月在度假。2.—Wheredidyougoonvacation?你去哪里度假了?—IwenttoNewYorkCity.我去纽约市了。3.—Didyoubuyanythingspecial?你买了什么特别的东西吗?—Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather./No,Iboughtnothing.是的,我给爸爸买了点东西。/不,我什么也没买。情景交际4.—Howdidyoulikeit?你觉得如何?—Well,itwasmyfirsttimethere,soeverythingwasreallyinteresting.噢,这是我第一次去那儿,所以一切都非常有趣。谈论做某事的频率5.—Howoftendoyougotothemovies?你多久去看一次电影?—Igotothemoviesmaybeonceamonth.我可能每月去看一次电影。6.—Doyougoshopping?你购物吗?—No,Inevergoshopping.不,我从不购物。语法话题1.一般过去时2.不定代词3.频度副词Unit1节假日Unit2闲暇活动Howdidyoulikeit?你认为它如何?(Unit1P3)【点拨】本句用来询问他人对某事物的看法。常用的询问看法的句型总结如下:考点一—Howdoyouliketheparty?=Whatdoyouthinkoftheparty?你觉得这个晚会办得怎么样?—Wonderful.很棒。【拓展】

(1)of与about为介词,后面常接名词、代词或动名词。(2)回答以上句型时,常须表明对某人或某事的意见或看法(喜欢、不介意、不能忍受等)。如:—Whatdoyouthinkofsoapoperas?你认为肥皂剧怎么样?—Idon'tmindthem./Ican'tstandthem./Ilove(watching)them.

我不介意肥皂剧。/我不能忍受肥皂剧。/我喜欢(看)肥皂剧。(注:Whatdoyouthinkof...?句型在Unit5进行复习)1.HowdoyoulikeyournewEnglishteacher?(改为同义句)________doyou________________yournewEnglishteacher?()2.(2019·菏泽改编)—WhatdoyouthinkofthemovieTheWanderingEarth(《流浪地球》)?______!I'veseenitthreetimesanditalwaysgivesmesomethingtothinkabout.A.WonderfulB.Ican'tstanditC.It'stooboringD.NevermindWhat学以致用thinkofAStillnooneseemedtobebored.不过好像没有人觉得无聊。(Unit1P3)【点拨】seem常用作系动词,意为“好像;似乎;看来”,其常见用法如下:用法例句seem(tobe)+名词/形容词Youseem(tobe)happy.你好像挺高兴。Heseemsaniceman.他看起来是个好人。seemtodosth.Lookatthedarkclouds!Itseemstorain.看那些乌云!好像要下雨了。考点二seemlike+名词Itseemedlikeagoodideaatthetime.当时这主意好像不错。Itseems+that从句Itseemedthatshewasinterestedinthebook.她看上去对这本书感兴趣。注:在“Itseems+that从句”中,it是形式主语,that引导主语从句。【拓展】(1)seemtodosth.的否定式可在不定式前直接加not或借助do的相应否定形式来表达(放在seem前),即:seem(s)/seemednottodosth.=don't/doesn't/didn'tseemtodosth.如:Shedoesn'tseemtoliketheidea.=Sheseemsnottoliketheidea.她似乎不太喜欢这个想法。(2)“Itseemstosb.+that从句”表示“在某人看来似乎……”。如:Itseemstomethatyoudonothavemuchchoice.在我看来,你似乎没有太多选择余地。(3)“Itseems+that从句”可与“主语+seemtodosth.”句型进行转换。如:ItseemsthatClassThreewillwinthebasketballgame.=ClassThreeseemstowinthebasketballgame.看起来三班将赢得这场篮球赛。1.Thefilmseems________andAmyseems________init.(interest)()2.It______thatyouhaven'tgotenoughsleep.A.LooksB.smellsC.seemsD.feels()3.It'sJane'sbirthdaytoday,butsheseems______happy.A.tonotbeB.nottobeC.tobenotD.notbeinterestinginterestedCBItwassunnyandhot,sowedecidedtogotothebeachnearourhotel.天气晴朗炎热,因此我们决定去旅馆附近的海滩。(Unit1P5)【点拨】decide意为“决定;选定”,其主要用法如下:考点三用法含义例句decide(not)todosth.决定(不)做某事Lucydecidedtoseehergrandpainthecountryside.露西决定去看望在乡下的爷爷/外公。decideon/upon(doing)sth.决定(做)某事Don'tdecideonimportantmatterstooquickly.不要过于匆忙地对重要的事情作决定。用法含义例句decide+that从句决定……Shedecided(that)shewantedtoliveinFrance.她决定要住在法国。注:decidetodosth.=makeadecision/decisionstodosth.=makeupone'smindtodosth.(decision为decide的名词形式)学以致用()1.Theydecided______somecardsfortheirteachersonTeachers'Day.A.MakeB.madeC.makingD.tomake()2.MyfamilythoughtaboutgoingtoDalianorQingdao,butdecided______Xiamen.A.InB.toC.onD.atCDMysisterandItriedparagliding.我和姐姐尝试了滑翔伞运动。(Unit1P5)【点拨】try用作动词或名词,意为“尝试;设法;努力”。作动词时可接不定式和动名词作宾语,但含义不同。区别如下:考点四【拓展】try构成的常用短语:Pleasetrytofinishtheworkinthirtyminutes.请尽量在30分钟内完成这项工作。Shetriedwashingherhairwithanewshampoo.她试着用一种新的香波洗头发。()1.—Iusuallygotherebybus.—Whynot________bytrainforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.trytogoD.trygoing()2.Thedoctorssaidtheywouldtrytheirbest______thegirl'slife.A.saveB.savingC.savedD.tosaveDD学以致用Andbecauseofthebadweather,wecouldn'tseeanythingbelow.并且因为糟糕的天气,底下的东西我们什么都看不到。(Unit1P5)

【辨析】because与becauseofbecause与becauseof都有“因为”的意思,但用法不同,具体区别如下:考点五单词/短语用法例句because从属连词,引导原因状语从句,不与so用在同一句中。Lucydecidedtoseehergrandpainthecountryside.露西决定去看望在乡下的爷爷/外公。单词/短语用法例句becauseof介词短语,后接名词、代词或动名词短语。(两者可互换)Theydidn'tgotothemuseumbecauseitrainedheavily.=Theydidn'tgotothemuseumbecauseoftheheavyrain.因为下大雨,他们没有去博物馆。()1.IwanttomakefriendswithJane______herkindness.A.SoB.becauseC.thoughD.becauseof()2.______heexerciseseveryday,______

heisveryhealthy.A.Because;soB.Because;/C.Because;thoughD.Though;/DB学以致用【拓展】单词含义用法helpful有帮助的;有用的behelpfultosb.对……有用helpless无助的;无法抑制的。feelhelpless感到无能为力3.Kateis______(help)andsheoften______(help)hermother______(do)housework.4.Help__________(you)tosomesalad,girls.(

)5.—Canyouhelpme______myEnglish?—Withpleasure.A.inB.ofC.forD.withhelpful学以致用helps(to)doyourselvesDMyfatherdidn'tbringenoughmoney,soweonlyhadonebowlofriceandsomefish.我爸爸没带够钱,所以我们仅吃了一碗米饭和一些鱼肉。(Unit1P5)【点拨】enough常用作形容词或副词,意为“足够的(地);充足的(地);充分的(地)”,其常见用法如下:词性用法图解助记形容词修饰名词,置于名词前、后均可(以前置多见)。副词修饰动词、形容词或副词,置于所修饰的词之后。注:enough还可用作名词,意为“足够;充足”。考点六Ididn'thaveenoughclothestolastaweek.我的衣服不够一周穿的。Wedidn'tleaveearlyenough.我们离开得不够早。I'vehadenough.Thankyou.我已经吃得够多了。谢谢。

【拓展】enough的常用句式(转换):not+adj./adv.+enough+todosth.不够……做某事=too+adj./adv.+todosth.=so+adj./adv.+that从句(用否定形式)(后两个句型中的adj./adv.为第一个句型中adj./adv.的反义词)Johnisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.=Johnistooyoungtogotoschool.=Johnissoyoungthathecan'tgotoschool.约翰太小了,不能去上学。()1.Thismeetinghallis______toholdabout200people.A.toobigB.enoughbigC.sobigD.bigenough()2.Heisnotstrongenough______theheavybox.A.CarryB.tocarryC.carriesD.carryingD学以致用BIalwaysexercise.我总是锻炼。Theyoftenhelpwithhousework.他们经常帮忙做家务。Shesometimesgoesshopping.她有时去购物。(Unit2P11)【点拨】以上句中的always,often与sometimes均为频度副词,一般位于be动词、助动词或情态动词之后,实义动词之前。常用的频度副词还有usually,seldom,hardly,never等。考点七【图解助记】单词含义及用法例句always“总是;一直”,语气最强,指在一切时候,没有例外,表示动作或状态中间没有间断。Thesunalwaysrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.太阳总是东升西落。usually“通常”,即很少有例外,指习惯性动作,表示动作或状态中间偶尔有间隔。Sheusuallygetsupatseveno'clock.她通常七点钟起床。often“经常”,不如usually频繁,侧重动作发生的次数具有经常性,具体时间意味不强。Myparentsoftentakeawalkaftersupper.我父母经常在晚饭后散步。单词含义及用法例句sometimes“有时”,表示动作偶尔发生,可位于句首、句中或句末。Hesometimesgoesthereonbusiness.他有时去那里出差。seldom“很少;不常”,表示动作几乎不会发生。Sheseldomshowedherfeelings.她很少表露自己的情绪。hardly“几乎不”,常和ever连用表示强调。反意疑问句中,疑问部分用肯定形式。Tomhardlyevereatsfish.汤姆几乎从不吃鱼。never“从不”,其频率为零。I'mneverlateforschool.我上学从不迟到。学以致用()1.(2019·铜仁)—Howoftendoyouusuallygotoworkbysubway?—______.Ialwaystakeabus,becausethereisnosubwayinthiscity.A.Sometimes B.Often C.Never D.Seldom()2.(2019·绥化改编)Sally'shomeisfarfromFunTimesPark,soshe______walksthere.A.seldom B.usually C.oftenD.always()3.WhenyouvisitaChinesefamily,thehost______makesteaforyou.A.UsuallyB.almostC.hardlyD.neverCAA—HowoftendoeshewatchTV?他多久看一次电视?—HehardlyeverwatchesTV.他几乎从不看电视。(Unit2P11)【辨析1】howlong,howoften,howfar与howsoon(考点讲解详见P24~P25考点6)【辨析2】hard与hardly考点八单词词性含义例句hard形容词困难的;坚硬的;辛苦的Itishardtobelievethatshe'sonlynine.很难相信她只有九岁。I'vehadalonghardday.我度过了漫长辛苦的一天。副词努力地;猛烈地Ihavetoworkhardtoday.今天我得努力工作。It'sraininghard(=heavily)outside.外面雨下得很大。单词词性含义例句hardly副词困难的;坚硬的;辛苦的Wehardlyknoweachother.我们彼此还不大认识呢。注:(1)hardlyever意为“几乎从不”,表示频率。(2)hardly常与can,could,any连用,一般位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,实义动词之前。学以致用()1.Heworks______andfeels______everyday.A.hard;happyB.hardly;happilyC.hard;happilyD.hardly;unhappily()2.Hecan______fallasleepbecausethebedistoo______.A.hard;hardB.hard;hardlyC.hardly;hardD.hardly;hardly()3.Jim______takesexercise,sohedoesn'tstayingoodhealth.A.AlwaysB.sometimesC.finallyD.hardlyACDAlthoughmanystudentsliketowatchsports,gameshowsarethemostpopular.虽然许多学生喜欢观看体育节目,但游戏类节目却是最受欢迎的。(Unit2P13)【辨析】although,though与but考点九单词词性含义用法although从属连词不过;然而;虽然;尽管;即使常用来引导让步状语从句,从句放在主句前后均可,although比though更正式,都不能与but连用,但可以与yet,still连用。though可构成短语:asthough好像,仿佛;eventhough(=evenif)即使though不过;可是;然而努力地;猛烈地常用于句末补充说明,使语气减弱。but并列连词但是表示转折,连接两个分句时不能与although/though连用。语法精讲精练代词(二)常见的不定代词如下:类别肯定意义的不定代词both,all,each,either,many,much,afew,alittle,one,other(s),theother(s),someone,somebody,something,anyone,anybody,anything否定意义的不定代词neither,none,nobody,nothing,few,little功能在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等代词用法例句some一般用于肯定句中;但在疑问句中,当说话者希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some。Somechildrenareflyingkitesinthepark.一些孩子在公园里放风筝。Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?你要咖啡吗?any多用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中;用于肯定句中表示“任何”。Isthereanywaterinthebottle?瓶子里有水吗?IcanseeyouatanytimeonMonday.星期一任何时间我都能见你。相同点:都表示“一些”。既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。1.普通不定代词

(1)some与any代词用法例句many修饰可数名词。Therearemanystudentsontheplayground.操场上有很多学生。much修饰不可数名词。Don'teattoomuchjunkfood.不要吃太多垃圾食品。相同点:(1)都表示“许多”。都可以和表示程度的副词so,how等连用。(2)都可与alotof/lotsof/plentyof互换使用;alotof/lotsof/plentyof既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。(2)many与much代词用法例句each强调个体,可指两者或两者以上的人或物,在句中可作主语、宾语、定语或同位语,可与of连用。Eachofthehousesisdifferent.每座房子都不同。every强调整体情况,指三者或三者以上的人或物,在句中只能作定语,不能与of连用。Everystudentshouldworkhardatschool.每个学生在学校都应该努力学习。相同点:都表示“每一个”;作主语或修饰主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。注:everyone可与of连用。(4)each与every代词用法例句none(三者或三者以上中)没有一个人或物其后可接of短语,noneof后接复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单复数形式均可;常用来回答由howmany引导的特殊疑问句。noone没有人其后不可接of短语,noone作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;常用来回答由who引导的特殊疑问句。(7)none与nooneNoneofthesepensworks/work.这些钢笔没有一支能用。—Howmanypeoplearethereinthatroom?那个房间里有几个人?—None.一个人也没有。Noone(=Nobody)knowswhatwillhappeninthefuture.没人知道将来会发生什么。—Whowaslatetoday?今天谁迟到了?

—Noone.谁也没有迟到。学以致用()1.(2019·天水)Itriedcallingyouyourphonewasoutofservice.A.andB.butC.soD.or()2.(2019·贺州)sheis3yearsold,shecandressherself.A.Though;butB.Because;soC.Though;/D.Because;/()3.(2019·连云港)wedidn'twinthebasketballgame,weweresatisfiedwithourhardwork.A.IfB.ThoughC.SinceD.BecauseBCB2.复合不定代词somebodyanybodyeverybodynobodysomeoneanyoneeveryonenoonesomethinganythingeverythingnothing(1)由some和any构成的复合不定代词,其区别与some和any的区别基本相同。(2)nobody,nothing与noone表示否定意义。(3)复合不定代词常作主语、宾语或表语,不能作定语。作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:Everythinggoeswell.一切顺利。(4)当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时,形容词或else必须后置。如:There'snothinginterestingintoday'snewspaper.今天的报纸上没有有趣的事情。Canyoutalktoanyoneelse?你能和别的人谈谈吗?学以致用用适当的代词填空。(每空一词)1.—WhatdidyoursisterbuyforyourmotheronMother'sDay?—________.Shemadeacardforher.2.—Whenshallwegoswimming,thisFridayorSaturday?—________isOK.I'llbefreethisweek.3.Hurryup,kids!Theschoolbusiscoming.Wehave________timeleft.4.ThesportsmeetingwillbeheldinSeptember,but________knowsthedateforsure.NothingEitherlittlenobody5.Thereisn't________milkinthefridge.Weneedtogoshopping.6.Mycomputerdoesn'twork.Theremustbe________wrongwithit.7.LiHuaistallerthanany________boyinhisclass.8.________ofthetwinsarefondofsports.9.—Didyougetthebookfromabookstoreoronline?—________.Iborroweditfromthelibrary.10.—Don'tbeangrywithyourkidwhenhemakesamistakeagain,willyou?—No,Iwon't.Iknowthat________ofusareperfectafterall.anysomethingotherBothNeithernone语法专练()1.(2019·乐山改编)—Canyoukicktheballto______endofthefootballfield?—It‘shardforme.Ithinkfewgoalkeeperscanmakeit.A.anotherB.theotherC.otherD.others(

)2.(2019·铁岭)—Ifound______intheroom.Wherehavetheygone?—They‘vegonetoDave‘sbirthdayparty.A.nobodyB.somebodyC.anybodyD.everybodyBA()3.(2019·云南)—Ilikethecoatbutnotthecolor.Haveyougot____one?—Yes,I‘llshowyou.A.otherB.othersC.theotherD.another()4.(2019·安徽)Couldyoustayalittlelonger?Ihave______moretotellyouabouttheplanfortomorrow.A.somethingB.everythingC.anythingD.nothing()5.(2019·济南莱芜区)—Happybirthday,Mr.Wang!Herearesomepresentsfrom______ofus.—Thankyousomuch,boysandgirls!A.both B.neither C.either D.allDAD()6.(2019·鄂州)—Itriedseveralwaystoworkoutthemathproblem,but______ofthemworked.—Nevergiveup.Ibelieveyou‘llmakeit.A.all B.each C.none D.neither()7.(2019·随州)—Doyoulikerockmusicorlightmusic?—_______.Ilikepopmusic.A.Both B.None C.Neither D.EitherCC()8.(2019·安顺)—Wherewouldyouliketogotomorrow,HuangguoshuWaterfallorDragonPalace?—______isOKforme.It‘suptoyou.A.EitherB.Neither

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