2022-2023学年山西省朔州市平鲁区重点中学高二（下）月考英语试卷（二）（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年山西省朔州市平鲁区重点中学高二（下）月考英语试卷（二）一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）A

Springisjustaroundthecorner,butifyouaretiredofsunflowers,tulips(郁金香)andotherstandardgardens,whynotheadtooneofthesemysteriousandwonderfulbotanicalgardens?

ButchartGardens,BritishColumbia,Canada

Oneoftherarestflowersyou'llfindatButchartGardensistheMeconopsis,otherwiseknownastheTibetanbluepoppy.Themostimpressiveflowerscanbefoundintheborders,whereyou'llfindoveronemillionbeddingplants.Andalthoughthegardensarefamousfortheirperennials(多年生植物),300,000spring-floweringplantsaregrowneveryyear,andover900varietiesofplantsaregrownforthesummergardensalone.

KirstenboschNationalBotanicalGarden,CapeTown,SouthAfrica

KirstenboschNationalBotanicalGardenisoneofahandfulofbotanicgardenstogrowonlynativeplants.Someofthemostpopularvarietiesincludethekingprotea,whichproducesenormousflowersbetweenautumnandsummer,andtheraresilvertree,asilky-leavedplant,whichexpertsbelievecouldbecomeextinctinthenext50years.

DenverBotanicGardens,Colorado,US

OncenativetoSouthAfrica,theseoddly-namedflowersarefamouslydrought-hardy,makingthemperfectforthispartofNorthAmerica.Thisgardenisoneofthefewtofocusondraught-tolerantplantsfromColoradoandthegrasslandsofAfrica,MongoliaandArgentina.Infact,Coloradoishometoninespeciesofendangeredplant,andseveralcanbefoundhere.

Arctic-AlpineBotanicGarden,Tromso,Norway

Visittheworld'snorthernmostbotanicalgardenandyou'llfindabreathtakingcollectionofplantsfromtheworld'spolarandmountainousregionsincluding,intheHimalayasection,theraregiantTibetanbluepoppy,withitshugeflowersandmetre-highstem.You'llalsoseetheWilanderbuttercup,whichcanonlybefoundinthequiteterribleareasofSvalbard'sunforgivingicyislands.1.Whichbotanicalgardenonlyplantslocalspecies?A.Arctic-AlpineBotanicGarden.

B.DenverBotanicGardens.

C.ButchartGardens.

D.KirstenboschNationalBotanicalGarden.2.WhichistypicaloftheTibetanbluepoppy?A.Rareandhot-tolerant. B.Smellyandill-looking.

C.Largeandtall. D.Endangeredandcolorful.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toanalyzethefeaturesofplants.

B.Tomakeanadvertisement.

C.Toprotecttheendangeredplants.

D.Tointroducesomefantasticgardens.BWomenhavebeenmakingscientificdiscoveriessinceancienttimes.TwelvewomenhavewontheNobelPrizeforScience，oneofthehighesthonorsintheworld.Somewomenscientistsnevermarried，someworkedwiththeirhusbands，andothersraisedlargefamilies.Ithasbeendifficultforwomentobesuccessfulscientists.

Intheearly1800sinEngland，MaryAnningbecameoneofthefirstwomenrecognizedforherdiscoveriesabouttheancienthistoryoftheearth.Maryandherfathercollectedfossils（化石）intheirvillageonthesouthcoastofGreatBritain.Fossilsarepartsofplantsoranimalsthathavebeensavedinrocksformillionsofyears.

Whenshewasonlytwelveyearsold，Marybecamethefirstpersontofindthealmostcompleteskeletons（骨架）ofseveralanimalsthatnolongerexistedontheearth.Shedidn'tbecomefamousforherdiscoveriesatthattimebecausesheoftensoldherfossilstogetmoneytosupportherfamily.

In1891，ayoungPolishwomannamedMarieSklodowskatraveledtoParistostudyphysics.ShedidsobecauseshecouldnotgetacollegeeducationinPoland.ShebeganworkinginthelaboratoryofamannamedPierreCurie.MarieandPierreCuriegotmarriedandmademanydiscoveriestogether.TheyreceivedtheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1903alongwithanotherscientist.MarieCuriebecamethefirstpersontobeawardedasecondNoblePrizein1911，thistimeforChemistry.MarieCuriewasoneofthefewwomenatthetimewhobecamefamousasascientist.4.Theauthorbelievesthatwomenscientists______.A.havemoreopportunitiestobecomesuccessful

B.cannotgetthehighesthonorsintheworld

C.gothroughdifficultiestobesuccessful

D.hadbetterpaymoreattentiontotheirfamilies5.MaryAnningwasoneofthefirstwomento______.A.wintheNoblePrizeforScienceaftergettingmarried

B.makeachievementsinthestudyofancientearth

C.researchanimalsandtheirbones.

D.studythemysteryofallkindsofplants6.Whatdoes"herdiscoveries"refertoinparagraph3？______A.Animals. B.Plants. C.Fossils. D.Rocks.7.WhatcanwelearnaboutMarieSklodowska？______A.ShestudiedphysicsinPolandandgotacollegeeducation.

B.ShereceivedtheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1903onherown.

C.SheonlygotoneNobelPrizeduringherlifetime.

D.Shemademanydiscoveriesaftershegotmarried.CWithinafewdecades，globaltemperaturesareexpectedtoclimbto1.5degreesCelsiusabovepre-industriallevels.Andthat'sgoingtobereallybadforcorals，accordingtothelatestreportoutfromtheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange.

SotherecentIPCCreportsaysthatupto1.5wecanexpect10to30percentcoralsurvivorship.Andabovethat，itdecreasessharply.

AndreaGrottoliisadistinguishedprofessorattheOhioStateUniversity.AmidthedoomandgloomoftheIPCCreport，Grottolihassomeraregoodnews.Coralsmaybemoreadaptabletofutureconditionsthanwethought.

HerteamstudiedthreespeciesofcoralfromtheislandofOahu，inHawaii.Theyputthemintankswitheitherheatstress，moreacidicwaterorboth.Andwhatreallymattersinthisstudyistheonewherebothincreasesintemperatureandoceanacidification，becausethat'sexactlywhat'shappeningonreefsnow.

Twenty-twomonthslater，theyassessedthewinnersandlosers.Theyfoundthatonaveragemorethanhalfthecoralssurvived.Evenafterbeingpunishedwithwarmer，moreacidicwaters—thekindthey'dfaceundertwodegreesofglobalwarming，thecoralssurvived.Twoofthethreespecieswereactuallyphysiologicallyperformingnormally.Theyweredoingmorethansurviving.Theywerecoping.They'dadapted.Theyweredoingwell.

TheresultsappearinthejournalScientificReports.Grottolisaysthestudyprovideshope.Theworld'scoralsmaybemoreresilientthanwethought—especiallysinceoneoftheHawaiianspeciestheystudiediswidespreadaroundtheplanet.

Butwillthisgoodnewsmotivateworldleaderstocontrolwarming？Well，coralsmaybeabletowaitjustalittlelongertofindout.8.Whateffectsdoeswarminghaveoncorals？______A.Ithelpscoralsincrease. B.It'sbeneficialtocorals.

C.Ihelpscoralssurvive. D.Itdoesharmtocorals.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"doomandgloom"probablymeaninparagraphthree？______A.Expectingthingstogowell.

B.Feelingsofbeinghopelessandpessimistic.

C.Almosttotaldarkness.

D.Anideaofwhatwillhappeninthefuture.10.Whatcanweinferfromthestudy？______A.Allthethreespecieswereperformingnormally.

B.Thecoralscouldhardlystandthetestconditions.

C.Theresultsoftheexperimentwerenotsignificant.

D.Temperatureriseandoceanacidificationgohandinhand.11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetotheresult？______A.Cautious. B.Ambiguous. C.Optimistic. D.Concerned.DTheFoodandDrugAdministration（FDA）hastorecallhundredsoffoodseveryyear.Likecookiesnackpackswithpiecesofblueplastichidinginside，dressingandsaucecontainingsalmonella（沙门氏菌）orvariousjamscontainingwithlead（铅）

Itcantakeafewmonthsbeforearecallisissued.Butnowresearchershavecomeupwithamethodthatmightfast-trackthatprocess，leadingtoearlydetectionand，ultimately，fasterrecalls.TheAIsystemreliesonthefactthatpeopleincreasinglybuyfoodsandspicesonline.Andpeopletendtowritereviewsofproductstheybuyonline，whicharelikebreadcrumbs（包屑）tofood-safetyofficialssniffing（嗅）outdangerousproducts．

Theresearcherslinkedfdafoodrecallsfrom2012to2014toamazonreviewsofthosesameproducts.Theythentrainedmachine-learningalgorithms（算法）todistinguishbetweenreviewsforrecalleditemsandreviewsforitemsthathadnotbeenflagged.AndthetrainedalgorithmswereabletopredictFdarecallsthreequartersofthetime.Theyalsoidentifiedanother20，000reviewsforpossiblyunsafefoods，mostofwhichhadneverbeenrecalled.TheresultsarepublishedinJournaloftheAmericanMedicalInformaticsAssociation

TheWorldHealthOrganizationestimatesthat600millionpeopleworldwidegetsickannuallyfrompollutedfood，andmorethan400，000peoplediefromit."SohavingtoolsthatenableustodetectthisalotfasterandhopefullyinvestigateanddorecallsfasterwillbeusefulnotjustintheU.S.butinothercountriesaroundtheworldaswell."StudyauthorElaineNsoesieofBostonUniversity.Shedidaddonewarning：evenrecalledproductscanstillgetfive-starreviews.Sostarsalonedon'ttellthewholesickeningstoryTheproofunfortunately，maystillbeinthepudding.12.WhatwillhelpFdarecallunsafefoodsfasterthanbefore？______A.Effortsoffood-safetyofficials.

B.Lotsofonlinereviewsofproducts.

C.Newmeasuresoffood-safetyofficials.

D.Onlinereviewsofthepollutedfoods.13.Howdoestheauthorintroducetheprocessoftheresearch？______A.Bydescribingfacts. B.Bygivingexamples.

C.Byanalyzingdata. D.Bymakingcomparisons.14.What'sElaine'sattitudetowardsfive-starreviews？______A.Tolerant. B.Skeptical. C.Ambiguous. D.Positive.15.Whichmaybethemostsuitabletitleforthetext？______A.AISniffsoutUnsafeFoods.

B.FDADetectsUnsafefoods.

C.AIHelpsFDAJudgeReviews.

D.FDADevelopsSystemofJudgingReviews.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Dancingisnaturalandalmostanychildcandance.However，whydosomanypeoplefindithardtodancewhentheyreachtheirteensoradulthood？(16)

MostpeoplehaveheardthewordsDancelikenobodyiswatching."(17)Whenwe'relearningsomethingnew，wehatehavinganaudiencewatchingoursillymistakes.Actuallyeveryoneelseistoobusyworryingabouttheirownmistakes.Chancesarethatyou'renottheonlyonestrugglingwiththesteps!

Weallhavepatternsofmusclememory.Yourbodylikesdoingrepetitivemovementsthatitdoesnthavetothinkabout.(18)Yourbrainmayunderstand，butitcantakeawhiletodirectyourlimbstointerpretthesenewandunfamiliarmovements.Bepatientwithyourselfandunderstandit'sthewayyourbodyworks.

(19)Ifyou'veneverdancedbefore，thecomplexrhythmsandfastfootworkofflamencowouldbeabigchallengeasthefirstdancestyle.Ifyou'reinflexible，Iwouldn'trecommendstartingcoldwithballet，either.Instead，dosomeyogafirsttogetyourbodyusedtothenewdemandsballetwillplaceonit

Alackofrhythmisthebiggestobstacletolearningtodance.However，itcanbeovercomewithenoughpractice.(20)Thenlearntodancewhenyoubegintofeelthebeat.Dancecanbeaveryrewardingandenjoyablehobby.Justbepatientwithyourselfandlearntodance

A.It'shumannaturetodislikelookingfoolish.

B.You'llbeabletodothemalmostwithoutthinking.

C.Ifyouhavenorhythm，trytomasterdancestepsfirst.

D.Learningamusicalinstrumentisagoodwaytolearnrhythm.

E.Dancerequiresyoutomoveyourarmsandlegsinunusualways.

F.Theotherpossibilityisthatyoupickedastyleofdancethatdoesn'tsuityou.

G.Therearemanythingsthatcanholdpeoplebackwhentheytrytolearndancing.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）78-year-oldNoraLangdonspendsfourorfivedaysaweekattheRoyalOakGym，nearherhomeinMichigan.She（1）______weightliftingcompetitionsforthreehoursatatime.Shehasbecomea（n）（2）______topeopleofallages.

Attheageof65，Langdondeterminedtolivea（3）______life.In2007，sheweighedover210poundsandoften（4）______tocatchherbreathwhilegoingupthestairs.Sheknewitwastimefora（5）______."OnthefirstdayIstartedgoingtothegym，IwenthomeandtoldmyselfthatI'mnevergoingbackagainbecauseitwastoomuchforme，"LangdontoldGoodMorningAmerica."ThenIheardavoice（6）______，'Goback.'So，IwentbackandhereIamtoday."

After（7）______thegymandwatchinghertrainerprepareforaweightliftingmatch，shedecidedtotryitherself.Shebeganwithaneasything—usingabroomasabarbell（杠铃）before（8）______changingittoarealbarbell.Itwasn'tlongbeforeshediscoveredweightliftingwasherpassion.

AlthoughLangdonhas（9）______twentyofherweightliftingcompetitionsandsetstate，nationalandworldrecords，sheshowsnosignof（10）______.Hernextgoalistoliftoverathousandpounds，accordingtohertrainer，ArtLittle.

"She'sreally（11）______tothegym，tomeandtothewholeweightliftingfield，"Littlesaid."It'sa（12）______toseewhatshe'sdoingatthatage."

Shewantsotherstoknowthatwithmotivationandstrong（13）______，anyoneofheragecangetinto（14）______."Youcanliveactivelyatanoldage，"shesaid."Yourbodywasmadeto（15）______andyouhavetokeepitmovinginordertostayhealthy."21.

A.waitsfor B.callsfor C.appliesfor D.trainsfor22.

A.inspiration B.challenge C.comfort D.warning23.

A.long B.happy C.healthy D.busy24.

A.attempted B.struggled C.pretended D.forgot25.

A.trip B.break C.change D.chat26.

A.shaking B.joking C.whispering D.dropping27.

A.leaving B.joining C.cleaning. D.visiting28.

A.secretly B.instantly C.eventually D.suddenly29.

A.researched B.failed C.missed D.won30.

A.continuing B.responding C.improving D.stopping31.

A.friendly B.valuable C.new D.familiar32.

A.pleasure B.shame C.conclusion D.pain33.

A.responsibility B.determination C.interest D.curiosity34.

A.debt B.trouble C.danger D.shape35.

A.exercise B.follow C.appreciate D.relax四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.Youareonyourway（1）______aconcert.Atacrossroads，youseeagroupofpeople，all（2）______（stare）atthesky.Withouteventhinkingaboutit，youstareupward，too.Why？Inthemiddleoftheconcert，someonebeginstoclap（3）______suddenlythewholeroomjoinsin.Youdo，too.Why？

Sometimessocialproofdeterminesthatpeoplefeelthattheyarebehaving（4）______（correct）whentheyactthesameasotherpeople.Inotherwords，themorepeoplefollowacertainidea，thebetterortruerweconsider（5）______ideatobe.

Whydoweactlikethis？Well，inthepast，followingothers（6）______（be）asurvivalstrategy.Supposethatoneday5，000yearsago，youweretravelingwith（7）______（you）hunterfriends.Suddenly，theyallranaway.Youwouldhaverun，too.Wearelater'generationsofthosewhocopiedothers'behavior.Thispatternissodeeplyrootedinus（8）______westilluseit，thoughitoffersfewsurvival（9）______（advantage）today.

Socialproofistheevilbehindmanythings.Theadvertisingindustry，forexample，oftenmakesuseofit.Therefore，beskepticalwheneveracompanyclaimsitsproductisthe（10）______（popular）ofall.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假定你是李华，你校英文报正在举办主题为"HowtoLiveaGreenLife"的征文活动，请你写一篇文章投稿。内容包括：

（1）具体方法；

（2）号召大家立刻行动。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右：

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

HowtoLiveaGreenLife38.OnecoldDecembermorning，IheardrainwaterdroppingdownfromtheroofasIopenedthedoorofthehomelessshelterIworkedin.Ihurriedtoplacebuckets（桶）onthefloor.Theshelterwasinpoorcondition.Butstill，itprovidedaplaceforthehomelesstocomeinsideandhavecoffee，abriefescapefromtheDecemberwinds.

Rulestherewerefew；mostoftheminplacetomaintainpeaceandcleanliness.Onerulewas：Ifyoulefttheshelter，youtookyourthingswithyou.Onthiscold，wetDecemberday，ahandfulofpeoplewalkedinandout.Mostpeoplestayedinthelocalbusstationacrossthestreetwhereitwaswarmeranddrier，butitwasverycrowded.Itwasasadday.Mycoworkercalledinsick，leavingmetherealonefrom8a.m.to5p.m.

Iwalkedaroundinsidetheshelter，wishingtohaveitrepairedtoofferhomelesspersonsabetterplacetorest.ButIdidn'thaveenoughmoney.Itwasdiscouraging.Duringthelunchtime，Ijustdidn'twanttoeatanythingwhenseeingtheshelter'spoorcondition.

AhomelesspersonnamedMarysatonthewell-wornsofa，countingherfewcoins.Ifeltsorryfortheunluckylady.Shesaid，"Iknowit'sagainsttherules，butcanIleavemybaghereforfiveminutes？I'mjustgoingovertothebusstationandI'llberightback."Iagreed，remindingherthatshehadtoreturnforherbag.

Marycamebackwithinminutesandsetahamburgerboxonthedeskinfrontofme."Here，"shesaid."Youcan'tbeherealonealldayanddon'teatanything."Thenshetookoutanorangefromapocketofheroldcoat，andadded，"TheygavemetwothismorningbeforeIleftthenightshelter.Youtakeone"

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Thensheputtheorangeonthedesk.

Idecidedtowritedowntheheart-warmingstoryandposteditonline.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】D、C、D【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界各国几处神秘而美妙的植物园。

1.

根据KirstenboschNationalBotanicalGarden,CapeTown,SouthAfrica中的KirstenboschNationalBotanicalGardenisoneofahandfulofbotanicgardenstogrowonlynativeplants.（Kirstenbosch国家植物园是少数几个只种植本土植物的植物园之一）可知，Kirstenbosch国家植物园只种植本地物种。故选D。

2.

根据Arctic-AlpineBotanicGarden,Tromso,Norway中的Visittheworld'snorthernmostbotanicalgardenandyou'llfindabreathtakingcollectionofplantsfromtheworld'spolarandmountainousregionsincluding,intheHimalayasection,theraregiantTibetanbluepoppy,withitshugeflowersandmetre-highstem.（参观世界上最北的植物园，你会发现来自世界极地和山区的令人惊叹的植物收藏，包括在喜马拉雅地区，罕见的巨大的西藏蓝色罂粟，它有着巨大的花朵和一米高的茎干）可知，西藏蓝罂粟又大又高。故选C。

3.

根据第一段内容（春天就要来了，但如果你厌倦了向日葵、郁金香和其他标准的花园，为什么不去这些神秘而美妙的植物园呢？）可推断，文章的目的是介绍一些奇妙的植物园。故选D。

4~7.【答案】C、B、C、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Somewomenscientistsnevermarried，someworkedwiththeirhusbands，andothersraisedlargefamilies.Ithasbeendifficultforwomentobesuccessfulscientists.（一些女科学家从未结婚，一些与丈夫一起工作，还有一些养育了大家庭。女性很难成为成功的科学家。）可知，作者认为女科学家要克服困难才能成为成功的科学家。故选C项。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Intheearly1800sinEngland，MaryAnningbecameoneofthefirstwomenrecognizedforherdiscoveriesabouttheancienthistoryoftheearth.（在19世纪早期的英国，玛丽•安宁成为第一批因发现地球古代历史而被认可的女性之一。）可知，MaryAnning是最早在研究古代地球方面取得成就的女性之一。故选B项。

（3）代词指代题。根据第三段Whenshewasonlytwelveyearsold，Marybecamethefirstpersontofindthealmostcompleteskeletons（骨架）ofseveralanimalsthatnolongerexistedontheearth.Shedidn'tbecomefamousforherdiscoveriesatthattimebecausesheoftensoldherfossilstogetmoneytosupportherfamily.（当玛丽只有12岁时，她成为第一个发现地球上已不复存在的几种动物的几乎完整骨架的人。当时她并没有因为她的发现而出名，因为她经常卖掉她的化石来赚钱养家。）可知，她的发现是动物的骨架化石。A.Animals动物；B.Plants植物；C.Fossils化石；D.Rocks岩石。故选C项。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段MarieandPierreCuriegotmarriedandmademanydiscoveriestogether.（玛丽•居里和皮埃尔•居里结婚了，并共同做出了许多发现。）可知，在MarieSklodowska结婚后，她和丈夫在科学研究邻域有了许多发现。故选D项。

本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了以MaryAnning和MarieCurie为代表的女性科学家的故事。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

8~11.【答案】D、B、D、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Withinafewdecades，globaltemperaturesareexpectedtoclimbto1.5degreesCelsiusabovepre-industriallevels.Andthat'sgoingtobereallybadforcorals，accordingtothelatestreportoutfromtheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange.（在未来几十年内，全球气温预计将比工业化前的水平上升1.5摄氏度。根据政府间气候变化专门委员会的最新报告，这对珊瑚来说将是非常糟糕的。）可知，气候变暖对珊瑚有害。故选D。

（2）词句猜测题。根据第二段SotherecentIPCCreportsaysthatupto1.5wecanexpect10to30percentcoralsurvivorship.Andabovethat，itdecreasessharply.（因此，最近的IPCC报告说，上升1.5，我们可以预期10%到30%的珊瑚存活率，在此之上，它急剧下降。）可知，IPCC的报告充满了绝望和悲观的感觉。故划线词意思是"绝望和悲观的感觉"。A．Expecting

things

to

go

well期待一切顺利；B．Feelings

of

being

hopeless

and

pessimistic绝望和悲观的感觉；C．Almost

total

darkness几乎完全黑暗；D．An

idea

of

what

will

happen

in

the

future对未来会发生什么的想法。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据第四段Theyputthemintankswitheitherheatstress，moreacidicwaterorboth.Andwhatreallymattersinthisstudyistheonewherebothincreasesintemperatureandoceanacidification，becausethat'sexactlywhat'shappeningonreefsnow.（他们把它们放在有高温压力或酸性水的容器中，或者两者都有。在这项研究中，真正重要的是温度上升和海洋酸化，因为这正是现在珊瑚礁上发生的事情。）可知，研究中，温度上升和海洋酸化是携手并进的。故选D。

（4）观点态度题。根据倒数第二段Grottolisaysthestudyprovideshope.Theworld'scoralsmaybemoreresilientthanwethought—especiallysinceoneoftheHawaiianspeciestheystudiediswidespreadaroundtheplanet.（Grottoli说，这项研究带来了希望。世界上的珊瑚可能比我们想象的更有弹性--尤其是他们研究的一种夏威夷珊瑚在地球上广泛存在。）可知，作者对结果是乐观态度。A．Cautious谨慎的；B．Ambiguous模棱两可的；C．Optimistic乐观的；D．Concerned关心的。故选C。

本文是一篇说明文，主要说明了全球变暖给珊瑚生存带来危害，在未来几十年内，全球气温预计将比工业化前的水平上升1.5摄氏度。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及结果的意义。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

12~15.【答案】B、A、B、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段And

people

tend

to

write

reviews

of

products

they

buy

online，which

are

like

bread

crumbs（包屑）to

food

-safety

officials

sniffing

（嗅）out

dangerous

products．（人们倾向于对他们在网上购买的产品写评论，就像面包屑食品安全官员嗅出危险产品。）和第三段TheresearcherslinkedFdafoodrecallsfrom2012to2014toAmazonreviewsofthosesameproducts.（研究人员将2012年至2014年Fda食品召回与亚马逊对这些产品的评论联系起来。）可知，大量的网上关于产品的评论有助于Fda比以前更快地召回不安全食品。故选B。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段And

the

trained

algorithms

were

able

to

predict

Fda

recalls

three

quarters

of

the

time.They

also

identified

another

20，000

reviews

for

possibly

unsafe

foods，most

of

which

had

never

been

recalled.The

results

are

published

in

Journal

of

the

American

Medical

In

formatics

Association。（经过训练的算法能够预测四分之三的Fda召回。他们还发现了另外2万份可能不安全食品的评论，其中大部分从未被召回。结果发表在《美国医学信息协会杂志》上。）可知，作者是通过描述事实来介绍研究过程的。故选A。

（3）观点态度题。根据最后一段Shedidaddonewarning：evenrecalledproductscanstillgetfive-starreviews．Sostarsalonedon'ttellthewholesickeningstory．（她确实补充了一条警告：即使是召回的产品也可以获得五星评价。因此，仅仅明星并不能讲述整个令人恶心的故事。不幸的是，证据可能还在布丁里。）可知，Elaine对五星评论持有怀疑的态度。A.Tolerant忍受的；B.Skeptical怀疑的；C.Ambiguous摸棱两可的；D.Positive积极的。故选B。

（4）标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了研究者开发了一种新的AI系统，通过网上对产品的评论快速地筛选出不安全食品。由此可推知，A项"人工智能会嗅出不安全的食物"为标题恰当，符合题意。故选A。

本文一篇说明文，主要介绍了研究者开发了一种新的AI系统，通过网上对产品的评论快速地筛选出不安全食品。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

16~20.【答案】G、A、E、F、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据上文However，why

do

so

many

people

find

it

hard

to

dance

when

they

reach

their

teens

or

adulthood？（然而，为什么这么多人在十几岁或成年后发现很难跳舞呢？）本空此处应该是作出回答，指出很难跳舞的原因。选项G.There

are

many

things

that

can

hold

people

back

when

they

try

to

learn

dancing.（当人们尝试学习舞蹈时，有很多事情会让他们望而却步）意思相符。故选G。

（2）推理判断题。根据下文When

we're

learning

something

new，we

hate

having

an

audience

watching

our

silly

mistakes.（当我们学习新的东西时，我们讨厌让观众看到我们愚蠢的错误），可知，不喜欢看上去愚蠢是人类的天性，因此人们都会讨厌有观众观看自己犯愚蠢的错误。选项A.It's

human

nature

to

dislike

looking

foolish.（讨厌看起来愚蠢是人的天性）意思相符。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据下文Your

brain

may

understand，but

it

can

take

a

while

to

direct

your

limbs

to

interpret

these

new

and

unfamiliar

movements（你的大脑可能会理解，但需要一段时间来引导你的四肢来解释这些新的和不熟悉的动作），句中的"thesenewandunfamiliarmovements"指代的恰好是E项中"tomoveyourarmsandlegsinunusualways"，即舞蹈要求你以不同寻常的方式移动手臂和腿。你的大脑也许能理解，但引导你的肢体来解释这些新的和不熟悉的动作可能需要一段时间。选项E.Dance

requires

you

to

move

your

arms

and

legs

in

unusual

ways.（舞蹈需要你以不同寻常的方式移动手臂和腿）意思相符。故选E。

（4）推理判断题。根据下文If

you've

never

danced

before，the

complex

rhythms

and

fast

footwork

of

flamenco

would

be

a

big

challenge

as

the

first

dance

style（如果你以前从未跳过舞，那么作为第一种舞蹈风格，弗拉门戈的复杂节奏和快速步法将是一个巨大的挑战），句中"Ifyou'veneverdancedbefore"和"abigchallengeasthefirstdancestyle"与F项中的"astyleofdancethatdoesr'tsuityou"相吻合，如果你以前从未跳过舞，那么选择像弗拉门戈这种有复杂的节奏和快速的步法的舞蹈作为第一种舞蹈风格，即选择不适合你的舞蹈风格，将是一个巨大的挑战。选项F.The

other

possibility

is

that

you

picked

a

style

of

dance

that

doesn't

suit

you.（另一种可能是你选择了一种不适合你的舞蹈风格）意思相符。故选F。

（5）细节理解题。根据下文Then

learn

to

dance

when

you

begin

to

feel

the

beat.（然后，当你开始感觉到节拍时，学习跳舞），选项C中的first与空后面的Then相呼应，如果你没有节奏，试着先掌握舞步。选项C.If

you

have

no

rhythm，try

to

master

dance

steps

first.（如果你没有节奏，试着先掌握舞步）意思相符。故选C。

本文是一篇说明文。跳舞可以是一种非常有益和愉快的爱好。然而，为什么很多人在十几岁或成年后发现跳舞很难呢？本文对此做出了相应的解释，并对如何学会跳舞做了介绍。

技巧：①通读全文，了解文章大意；②细读七个选项，找出和文章相对应的关键词，分析选项间的逻辑关系；③根据文章整体结构、具体内容，结合关键词，选出最佳选项；④将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点查看逻辑关系和关联结构是否合理。

21~35.【答案】D、A、C、B、C、C、B、C、D、D、B、A、B、D、A【解析】（1）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.waitsfor等待；B.callsfor呼吁；C.appliesfor申请；D.trainsfor为……训练。根据上句78-year-old

Nora

Langdon

spends

four

or

five

days

a

week

at

the

Royal

Oak

Gym，near

her

home

in

Michigan.（78岁的诺拉•兰登每周花四到五天在密歇根她家附近的皇家橡树体育馆。）可知她每次为举重比赛训练三个小时。故选D。

（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.inspiration激励；B.challenge挑战；C.comfort安慰；D.warning警告。句意：她激励这所有年龄层的人。根据后文It's

a（12）to

see

what

she's

doing

at

that

age（很高兴看到她在那个年龄在做什么）可知她激励这不同年龄阶段的人。故选A。

（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.long时间长的；B.happy高兴的；C.healthy健康的；D.busy繁忙的。句意：Langdon已经65岁了，她决心过一种更健康的生活。根据前文78-year-old

Nora

Langdon

spends

four

or

five

days

a

week

at

the

Royal

Oak

Gym，near

her

home

in

Michigan.（78岁的诺拉•兰登每周花四到五天在密歇根她家附近的皇家橡树体育馆。）可知她决心过一种更健康的生活。故选C。

（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.attempted企图；B.struggled挣扎；C.pretended假装；D.forgot忘记。句意：2007年，她的体重超过210磅，上楼梯时常常气喘吁吁。根据上句sheweighedover

210

pounds  可知，Langdon体重超210磅，因此会呼吸困难，struggletodo

  是固定短语，意为"挣扎着做某事"，故选B。

（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.trip旅游；B.break休息；C.change改变；D.chat聊天。句意：她知道是时候改变一下了。由下文"Shebeganwiththebasics"    可知，Langdon"改变"了生活方式。故选C。

（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.shaking摇晃；B.joking开玩笑；C.whispering低声说；D.dropping丢掉。根据下句Go

back可知然后我听到一个声音小声说，"回去。"故选C。

（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.leaving离开；B.joining参加；C.cleaning打扫；D.visiting参观。根据下句she

decided

to

try

it

herself.可知在加入健身房，看着她的教练准备力量举重比赛后，她目睹了比赛，并决定自己试试。故选B。

（8）考查副词及语境理解。A.secretly秘密地；B.instantly立刻；C.eventually最后；D.suddenly突然。句意：她从最基本的开始用扫帚当杠铃，最后开始练习举重。前半句"beganwiththebasics"   说从基础的开始，后面就应该说最后"使用更重的杠铃（weights）。故选C。

（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.researched研究；B.failed失败；C.missed错过；D.won赢得。根据空后twenty

of

her

weightlifting

competitions

and

set

state可知尽管Langdon已经赢得了20次举重比赛的冠军，并创下了州、国家和世界纪录，但她近期内丝毫没有停止的迹象。故选D。

（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.continuing继续；B.responding回复；C.improving提高；D.stopping停止。句意：尽管Langdon已经赢得了20次举重比赛的冠军，并创下了州、国家和世界纪录，但她近期内丝毫没有停止的迹象。根据下文Her

next

goal

is

to

lift

over

a

thousand

pounds，according

to

her

trainer，Art

Little.可知，她还有更高的追求，所以尽管成绩卓著，她毫无"停下来"的迹象。故选D。

（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.friendly友好的；B.valuable有价值的；C.new新的；D.familiar熟悉的。根据下句It's

a（12）to

see

what

she's

doing

at

that

age（很高兴看到她在那个年龄在做什么）可知她对体操馆，对我，对整个举重界都很有价值的。故选B。

（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.pleasure高兴；B.shame羞愧；C.conclusion总结；D.pain痛苦。根据上句Sh