定语从句grammar(共45张)

Grammar定语从句AttributiveClause定语从句复合句=主句+定语从句一个主谓结构是句子的主要部分（主句）另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作某个成分（定语）Thestudents

(who

donotstudyhard)willnotpasstheexam.主句主语/先行词主句谓语结构从句主语/关系代词从句谓语结构限制性定语从句的构成/注意事项关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词:when,where,why注意事项:1.从句的位置:2.翻译方法:3.构成：4.从句位置：先行词之后“….的”关系词定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句Youmustdoeverything

thatIdo.Ihavefoundthebook

whichIlost.

Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.Thegirl

whomItalkedtojustnowisthewinner.Thereisahouse

whosewindowsfacesouth.从关系代词起，到后面的第二个谓语动词之前。{Thewoman_________________

isateacher.1.Thewomanisateacher.2.Thewomanlivesnextdoor.wholivesnextdoor试把以下两个句子用定语从句合并成一个句子：{Thestudents_________________

willnotpasstheexam.1.Thestudentsdonotstudyhard.2.Thestudentwillnotpasstheexam.whodonotstudyhard试把以下两个句子用定语从句合并成一个句子：指人指物主语宾语that

whichwhowhom√√√√√√√√√√√√×

×

×

×

关系代词在从句中的成分：何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略whose√√做定语，后加名词关系代词的用法Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.先行词和关系词的关系Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质themachineamachineJointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质amachinethat/which关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.

关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.Thegirlthat/whowesawyesterdayisMary.先行词和关系词的关系Aplaneisamachine/__________canfly/.

Theboy/______brokethewindow/iscalledTom.Theboy/______parentsaredead/wasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.amachine=that/whichtheboy

=who/thattheboy’s

=whose关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格that/whichwho/thatwhose关系代词的用法练习1.Theeggswerenotfresh.Iboughtthemyesterday.2.Thefriendwasnothungry.Hecametosupperlastnight.3.Heprefersthecheese.Itcomesfromhisparent’sfarm.

4.Thenoodlesweredelicious.Youcookedthem.

5.Idon’tlikethepeople.Theysmokealot.

Theeggs_________Iboughtthemwerenotfresh.

Thefriend________hecametosupperlastnightwas----..Heprefersthecheese__________itcomesfromhis----.Thenoodles____________youcookedthemweredelicious.Idon’tlikethepeople_________theysmokealot.(that/which)who/thatthat/which(which/that)that/who1:先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词或由不定代词any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all等修饰时,引导定语从句用that不用

which。2：先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰且指物时,

引导定语从句用that。3:先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用

that。4:先行词被thevery,theonly等修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用that。指物，介词后。2.用于非限制定语从句中只使用that应遵循的规则只使用which应遵循的规则1.Hedidall/everything_______hecouldtohelpme.2.Thisisthevery

thing_______Iamafter.3.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings_______werememberedatschool.4.Heistheonlyman_______candothework.5.Thisisthefirstthing_______Iwanttosay.6.Heisthefinestman_______Ihaveeverworkedwith.7.Whoistheman_______spoketoyouatthegate.8.Whichisthestar_______isnearesttotheearth.that,whichorwho?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat,which,whose,whomorwho?9.Isthereanythingelse_______

youwanttosay?10.Anyperson_______

hasthemoneycanjointhegroup.11.Heoftenspeakstheroleheplayedintheplay,_______

madeothersupset.14.Theboy_______

motherisdeadwasbroughtupbyhisfather.thatthatwhichwhose关系副词的用法关系副词指代在从句中的作用when(=at/in/on/during/…which)

where(=in/at/…which)why(=forwhich)

时间时间状语地点地点状语原因原因状语关系副词引导定语从句时，既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当状语。关系副词和先行词的关系Istillremembertheday

whenIcamehere.

Thisisthehouse

whereIlivedlastyear.

Therearemanyreasons

why

peopleliketraveling.

ontheday=wheninthehouse=whereforthereasons=why小结：关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词介词+关系代词的情况1Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway.toin小结：介词可以在定语从句中也可以提到关系代词前介词+关系代词的情况2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介词+关系代词的情况3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介词+关系代词的情况3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介词+关系代词的情况3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介词+关系代词的情况3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toin×

×

Arethesetwosentencesright?小结：可见,who、that不能用与介词之后介词+关系代词指人whom指物which如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse______(thegreatwriterusedtolive)._______whereinwhichinwhich=inthehouse介词短语作状语Thehouse______(theybuiltin1987)stayedupintheearthquake.______whichthat/Luckilynoneofthepeople_____(Iknow)werekilledintheearthquake._____whowhomthat/Myfatherwasbornintheyear______(theSecondWorldWarbrokeout)._________________________wheninwhichinwhich=intheyear介词短语作状语Exercise用where,which,when,whose填空1）Dorothyalwaysspokehighlyofherroleintheplay，ofcourse,_____madetheothersunhappy.2)Ishallneverforgetthedays________Ilivedinthecountrywithmyparents.3)Thefactory________hisbrotherworksliesinthesouthofthecity.4)Theytookcareoftheoldman________sonlosthislifeinthefire.whichwhenwherewhose用适当的介词补充完整下列定语从句。1.Idisagreewiththefacts______whichyourargumentisbased.2.Thesong,______whichhewasinterested,willneverbeheardagain.3.Thisisthereason______whichheoftencomestoschoollate.4.Iwillneverforgettheway______whichmyteachertaughtme.5.Thisisthehero______whomweareproud.on

in

forinof6.Iwanttofindtheverypen______whichIwrotethatletter.7.Theyarethestudents______whomourteachersarethinkinghighly.8.Itisimportanttochoosegoodfriends______whomyoucanshareyourfeelingsandthoughts.9.Itwillnotbenecessarytonametheperson______whomthecardbelongs.10.Iwouldalwaysliketodobusinesswiththosepeople________whomIcanrely.withof

withtoon/upon(1)定语从句：在复合句中作定语修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。(2)先行词：被定语从句修饰的词，叫做先行词。(3)关系词：引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。关系词分为关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose，as等)和关系副词(when，where，why等)两类。关系词通常有三个作用：①连接主从句；②指代先行词；③在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。Summing-up介词+whomwhichTipsthatwho×关系副词(when,where,why)=介词+关系代词介词+关系代词=关系副词×Summingup1.I’llneverforgetthedays______________weworkedtogether.2.I’llneverforgetthedays___________wespenttogether.

3.Iwenttotheplace

Iworkedtenyearsago.4.Iwenttotheplace_____________Ivisitedtenyearsago.5.Thisisthereason_____________________hewaslate.

6.Thisisthereason_____________________hegave.

when/inwhichwhichwhere/inwhichwhichwhy/forwhichthat/which几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词非限制性定语从句和单句的比较1.Hefailedintheexam._______madehisparentsangry.2.Hefailedintheexam,_______madehisparentsangry.3.Hehastwosons.Bothof________areteachers.4.Hehastwosons,bothof________areteachers.Thiswhichwhomthem×

that填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_________________hetolduswasquitesimple.that/which/不填that/inwhich/不填缺状语缺宾语theway用做先行词易与定语从句混淆的其他复合句1.定语从句与名词从句:选择that/what/as/it填空。1）.Thenews______camefromthefrontwastrue.2）.Thenews______hewonthegamewastrue.3）.Shewasnot______sheusedtobe.4）.Thecityisnolongeraplace_____itusedtobe.5）._____iscommonlybelieved,China’seconomyhasgotoutofthefinancialcrisis