2022-2023学年广东省湛江市高二（下）联考英语试卷（5月份）（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年广东省湛江市高二（下）联考英语试卷（5月份）一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AMentalhealthisastateofmentalwell-beingthatenablespeopletodealwiththestressesoflife，realizetheirabilities，learnwellandworkwell.Herearesomefreeappsthatcanhelpyouimproveyourmentalhealth.

Talkspace

Thistherapyappmatchesyouwithatherapist（治疗师）licensedinyourstatewhocanconnectwithyouviatext，voice，orvideomessagingtoprovideguidanceandsupport.Itcouldbeespeciallyhelpfulforpeoplewhoneedmorefrequentsupportthanthetraditionalonce-a-weeksessionorwhodon'tfeelcomfortabletalkingthroughtheirissuesfacetoface.

SmilingMind

Freetherapyappsarehardtocomeby，butthisfreemeditationappfromAustraliaoffersaselectionofmeditationstohelpyoufindyourinnerpeace.SmilingMindofferskid-friendlymeditations，anoptiontobookmarkfavoritemeditations，andchartstotrackyourmindfulnessprogress.

Happify

Thisappisperfectforencouragingself-care，withassignmentsandactivitiesaimedatimprovingyourmoodandyourlife.Afteryoutakeanassessmenttodetermineyourareasofinterest，Happifyrecommendsafewtasksforyoueachday，eachtakingjustafewminutestoaccomplish-withthereasonthetaskworks.

SuperBetter

Buildresilience（恢复）withthisfreehappinessappbasedonresearchandabestsellingbookbythesamename.SuperBetterturnsbuildingstrongermentalhealthintoagame.Everydayitsetsyouonadifferentquesttohelpyouimproveyouroptimismandlifesatisfaction-andresearchersfoundthatusingtheappcanhelpreduceanxietyanddepression.1.Whichofthefollowingappsisfitforkids？______A.Talkspace. B.SmilingMind. C.Happify. D.SuperBetter.2.WhatisspecialaboutSuperBetter？______A.Itservesasagame. B.Itneedsanassessment.

C.Itprovidesmoresupport. D.Itrecommendstasksdaily.3.Whatdothefourappshaveincommon？______A.They'refree.

B.Theymatchyouwithanexpert.

C.They'rebasedonabest-seller.

D.Theyoffertasksofdifferenttimeranges.BIt'sneveragoodideatogiveananimalasagift：JustaskHarryandHoudini.AmangavethepairofducklingstohiswifeasValentine'sDaygifts.Likemanypeoplereceivinganimalsasgifts，shedidn'tknowhowtocareforthem-soHarryandHoudinisat，dayafterday，inaplasticcaseintheirlivingroom.Fortwoweeks，theducklingsneverswaminapondorsawtheopensky-theyneverevenleftthecase，whichgrewfilthiereveryday.

Finally，thewomancalledPETAandaskedustotaketheducklings.Whenwearrivedtorescuethem，theirtinycasewascoveredwithatwo-weekbuildupoftheirownwaste.

WetookthemtotheVirginiaBeachSPCA，wheretheywerefreedfromtheirfilthycase，cleanedup，andfinallygivenspacetospreadtheirwings-andthenthesearchfortheperfecthomeforthemwason.Itwasn'tlongbeforeaPETAmembernamedKatieofferedHarryandHoudiniapermanenthomeathervegetarianfarminthecountry，wherethesweetducklingswouldhavethelandandwaterthattheydesired.

Becausetheducklingshadn'tgrownupwiththeirmother，theyweren'tsurehowtobeducks!Tohelpbuilduptheirconfidence，Katieintroducedthemtootheranimalsonherfarm，includingotherduckswhocouldshowthemhowtocombtheirfeathers，splashinwater，andwalkaroundinthefreshair.

Finally，thebigdaycame-forthefirsttimeintheirlives，HarryandHoudinigottoswiminapond!HarryandHoudininowhavefull，happylives，butcountlessanimalswhoaregivenasgiftsaren'taslucky.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"filthier"inparagraph1probablymean？______A.Healthier. B.Heavier. C.Dirtier. D.Stronger.5.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeKatie？______A.Concerned. B.Ambitious. C.Considerate. D.Easygoing.6.Whatwillbediscussedinthefollowingparagraph？______A.Thewonderfullifeoftheducks.

B.Otheranimalslivingonthefarm.

C.Theeventshappeningonthebigday.

D.Anappealfornotbuyinganimalsasgifts.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext？______A.AnimalsMakeforSpecialGifts

B.RescuedDucklingsEnjoyaNewLife

C.KatieisanAngelforAbandonedAnimals

D.VirginiaBeachSPCAisHometoRescuedAnimalsCAsenvironmentalconcernscontinuetoincrease，manypeopleareleftwonderinghowtheycanbalancetheneedtotravelwiththeneedtoprotecttheplanet.Oneparticulardilemmathathasreceivedsignificantattentionisairtravel.

Airtravelisknowntobeoneofthemostcarbon-intensiveformsoftravel.AccordingtoareportbytheEuropeanEnvironmentAgency，aviationisresponsibleforaround3%oftheEU'sgreenhousegasemissions，andthatnumberisexpectedtogrowinthecomingyears.Inaddition，aircraftcontributetoothertypesofairpollution，suchasparticulatematterandnitrogenoxides.

Forenvironmentalistswhoadvocateforreducingourcarbonfootprint，thisbringsupadifficultquestion：shouldweavoidflyingaltogether？

Ononehand，it'seasytoseewhyenvironmentalistswouldwanttokeepawayfromairtravel.Bydoingso，theycoulddramaticallyreducetheircarbonfootprintandsetanexampleforothers.Additionally，somearguethatairtravelperpetuates（使永久）acultureofoverconsumption，whichiscontradictorytoenvironmentalvalues.

However，therearealsoargumentsinfavorofairtravel：Forone，airtravelenablespeopletoexperiencedifferentcultures，buildrelationships，andexpandtheirknowledgeinwaysthatmightnotbepossibleotherwise.Itcanalsofacilitatebusinesstradesandcontributetoeconomicgrowth.Moreover，someexpertsbelievethattechnologicaladvancementscouldmakeairtravelmoresustainableinthefuture.Forexample，someairlinesareexperimentingwithbiofuelsandelectricplanes，whichcoulddramaticallyreducetheemissionsassociatedwithairtravel.

Sowhat'stheanswer？Ultimately，it'suptoeachindividualtodecidewhetherthebenefitsofairtraveloutweightheenvironmentalcosts.However，therearestepsthateveryonecantaketoreducetheirimpact.Forexample，travellerscanchoosetoflylessfrequently，optfordirectflights，andoffset（抵消）theiremissionsthroughprogramslikecarbonoffsetting.Intheend，thekeyistoremainawareoftheenvironmentalimpactofourchoicesandtomakeinformeddecisionsbasedonourownvaluesandpriorities.8.What'sthefunctionofparagraph2？______A.Tomakeacomparison.

B.Topresentanargument.

C.Toclarifytheeffectofairtravel.

D.Todescribevariousgreenhousegases.9.Whatmaysupportersofairtravelagreeto？______A.Ithelpsavoideconomicproblems.

B.Itpromotesglobalizationinsomesense.

C.Itwillmakebiofuelspopularinthenearfuture.

D.Itwillacceleratethedevelopmentofelectricplanes.10.Whatisprobablytheauthor'sattitudetoairtravel？______A.Approving. B.Skeptical. C.Objective. D.Ambiguous.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout？______A.Whetherweshouldtravelbyairornot.

B.Environmentalconcernsaboutairtravel.

C.Howtoreducethepollutionairtravelcauses.

D.Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofairtravel.DChina'sChang'e-4landertoucheddownonthefarsideofthemoononJan.3rdBeijingtime，andit'sgotsomelivingthingsonboard.

Asmall"tin"inthelandercontainsseedsofpotatoesandrock-cress-afloweringplant，aswellassilkwormeggs.Theideaisthattheplantswillsupportthesilkwormswithoxygen，andthesilkwormswillinturnprovidetheplantswithnecessarycarbondioxideandnutrientsthroughtheirwaste.Theresearcherswillwatchtheplantscarefullytoseewhethertheplantssuccessfullyperformphotosynthesis（光合作用），growandbloominthelunarenvironment.

The"biosphere"experimentwastheproductofacooperationbetween28Chineseuniversities，ledbysouthwestChina'sChongqingUniversity，accordingtoXinhua.Theexperimentisstuffedinsidea0.8litersaluminumalloycylinder（圆筒）whichweighsabout3kilogramsandincludesdirt，nutrientsandwater.Sunlightwillfilterintothecontainerthrougha"tube"，andsmallcameraswillwatchthelittleenvironment.ThatdatawillbesentbacktoEarthbymeansofthecomplicatedrelaysystemChinahassetuptocommunicatewithanexperimentthathasnodirectlineofsighttoEarth.

"Whypotatoandrock-cress？Becausethegrowthperiodofrock-cressisshortandconvenienttoobserve.Andpotatocouldbecomeamajorsourceoffoodforfuturespacetravellers，"saidLiuHanlong，chiefdirectoroftheexperimentandvicepresidentofChongqingUniversity."Ourexperimentmighthelpaccumulateknowledgeforbuildingalunarbaseandlong-termresidenceonthemoon."

Rock-cresshasbeengrowninspacebefore，includinginoneexperimentontheInternationalSpaceStationthatshowedtheplants'leavesappearingtoriseandfallastheydetectedthemoon'sgravity.Butwhetherthefloweringplantwillgrowwellintheenvironmentofthefarsideofthemoonremainsanopenquestion.Fornow，though，thismeansthere'slifeinatleastoneotherplaceinthesolarsystembecauseofChina.12.Whywerethesilkwormeggsbroughtalong？______A.Toproducesilk. B.Toabsorbcarbondioxide.

C.Tohelptheseedsgrowfaster. D.Tocreateamicroecosystem.13.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout？______A.Howtheexperimentworks.

B.Theproductoftheexperiment.

C.Whytheexperimentwasconducted.

D.Thecooperationbetweenthe28universities.14.WhatcanbeinferredfromLiuHanlong'swords？______A.Rock-cressandpotatoesareaperfectmatch.

B.Livingonthemooncouldberealizedoneday.

C.Alunarbasedependslargelyonwhatwegrow.

D.Rock-cressandpotatoesarenecessitiesinspace.15.Whatisprobablythepurposeofthetext？______A.Topromotethevalueofspaceexploration.

B.ToexplainwhyChinabringslifetothemoon.

C.Toconvincetheworldthere'slifeonthemoon.

D.TointroduceChina'sachievementsinspaceexploration.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Manypeopleimaginethatshadeinagardenisaproblem.ButIbelievewiththerightattitude，inspiration，andideas，eventheshadiestgardencanbecomeabeautifulandabundantspace.Herearemytips：

Growingfoodinshade

（1）______.If，however，yourgardenismoredeeplyshaded，youmaystruggletogrowtraditionalvegetables.Butthisdoesnotmeanthatyoucannotgrowfoodatall.Infact，therearemoreeatableplantsthatgrowwellinshadethanyoumightimagine.

（2）______

Notallshadeareasarethesame.Anditisimportanttounderstandthelevelandtypeofshadethatyouaredealingwithtomaketherightchoicesinyourgarden.

Ashadegardencanhavearangeofadvantages.Itmaybemuchcooler.Anditmayfeelmoreprivateandpeacefulthanaveryopenspace.（3）______.

Makingshadegardenbeautiful

Aswellasgrowingfoodinashadegarden，youcanalsomakeitabeautifulspace，whichcanattractawiderangeofbeneficialwildlifethroughouttheyear.（4）______.Andtrytochoosearangeoffloweringplantstoattractpollinatorsandbeneficialinsectsthroughouttheyear，andtoprovidevisualappealoverasmuchoftheyearaspossible.

（5）______.Butbycreatingtherightlayoutandchoosingtherightplants，shadecanbecomeanopportunity，ratherthanadisadvantage.

A.Understandingshade

B.Choosingdifferentshades

C.Foodgrownintheshadetastesequallydelicious

D.Designingashadegardendoesrequiresomecarefulthought

E.Youjusthavetoselectplantsofvariouscolors，shapesandforms

F.Inlightshade，youarestillabletogrowarangeofcommonvegetablecrops

G.Treesorotherstructureswhichcastshadecanoffersomeprivacyinyourgarden16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）OnMarch25，2010，KateandDavidOggheardthewordseveryparentfears：Theirnewbornwasn'tgoingtomakeit.Doctorshadtriedtosavetheboyfor20minutesbutsawno（1）______.Hisheartbeatwasnearlygone，andhe'dstoppedbreathing.Thebabyhadjustmomentstolive.

"Isawhimgasp（喘息），butthedoctorsaiditwas（2）______，"KatetoldtheDailyMailfiveyearslater."Iknowitsounds（3）______，butifhewasstillgasping，thatwasasignof（4）______.Iwasn'tgoingtogiveup（5）______

Still，theSydneycoupleknewthiswaslikelygoodbye.Inaneffortto（6）______herlastminuteswiththetinyboy，Kateaskedto（7）______him."Iwantedtomeethim，andforhimto（8）______us，"KatetoldtheDailyMail."Wewerejusttryingto（9）______thoselast，preciousmoments."

Kate（10）______theboyfromhishospitalblanketandorderedDavidtotakehisshirtoffand（11）______theminbed.Thiswasthefirsttimethattheparentswantedtheirsontobeas（12）______aspossibleandtheyhopedtheskin-to-skincontactwouldimprovehis（13）______.Theyalsotalkedtohim.

Thensomething（14）______happened.Withthegentlevoiceoftheparents，theboystarted（15）______.Thecouple'slostboyhadmadeit.21.

A.problem B.improvement C.perfection D.conclusion22.

A.useless B.priceless C.challenging D.rewarding23.

A.reasonable B.terrible C.necessary D.stupid24.

A.love B.weakness C.life D.strength25.

A.easily B.painfully C.anxiously D.embarrassedly26.

A.design B.treasure C.spare D.save27.

A.invite B.kiss C.hold D.visit28.

A.refuse B.forget C.affect D.know29.

A.getridof B.makethemostof

C.catchupwith D.payattentionto30.

A.displayed B.protected C.appreciated D.unwrapped31.

A.push B.disturb C.join D.attend32.

A.warm B.happy C.strong D.calm33.

A.mood B.condition C.confidence D.skill34.

A.scary B.amusing C.incredible D.confusing35.

A.dreaming B.laughing C.coughing D.breathing四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

ThisWednesday，theSecondPrimarySchoolofFengningManchuautonomouscountyinChengdecity，NorthChina'sHebeiProvinceheld（1）______eventfeaturingpapercutting.Itaimstohelpstudentsgetfamiliar（2）______traditionalChineseculturethroughintangibleculturalheritage.GuoFengzhi，（3）______isconsideredasoneofthemunicipal-levelinheritorsofFengningpapercutting，（4）______（enthusiastic）instructsstudentsonpaper-cuttingtechniques，includingfolding，cuttingandcarving.

FengningManchupapercutting，whichdatesbacktotheQingDynasty，hasuniquecultural（5）______（characteristic）andethnicstyle.Itwaslistedasanational-levelintangibleculturalheritagein2006.In2009，it（6）______（add）toUNESCO'sRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity.

Inrecentyears，FengningCounty（7）______（take）theschoolasabasefortheinheritanceoftraditionalculture.By（8）______（offer）intangibleculturalheritagecoursessuchaspaper-cutting，studentsareinspired（9）______（care）aboutintangibleculturalheritage，andthenactivelyparticipateinthe（10）______（promote）ofFengning'straditionalculture.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假定你是李华，你校英语报健康栏目决定开展主题为"HowtoFightoffFlu"的征稿活动。你想请外教Peter修改一下你的稿件。请给Peter写一封电子邮件说明情况并请求帮助。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearPeter，

_________

Yours，LiHua38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

"Besafe，babe，"Isaidtomywife，Ashley，holdinghertight.Shewouldbeonafour-monthtourofduty，flyingC-17sintheMiddleEast."Goodluckwiththepup，"shesaid.Alookofconcerncrossedherface."You'regoingtoneedit.I'llbeprayingforyou."AshleywasreferringtoPistol，thefive-year-oldgoldendogwe'dadoptedjust12hoursearlier.

Pickinghimupfromthefosterfamily，AshleyandIwatchedPistolcrasharoundthefamily'slivingroom，knockingoverfurnitureandignoringcommands.Finallythefamilygothimonaleash（狗绳）andturnedhimovertous.NowIwouldbealonewithhimforfourmonths.Mostofmylife，Ihadaveryclearobjective：becomingadevotedhusbandandaffectionatedadwhotaughthiskidswell.SoIdecidedtotakethischancetolearnhowtobeafather.

IreturnedhomefromseeingAshleyoffandopenedthefrontdoorwithtrepidation（惶恐）.Pistolwasinthelivingroom，scratching.Hesawmeandrushedover，knockingmeagainstthedoor.Justasquickly，herushedawayandcrashedaroundtheroom.Ineededtogetthisdogoutsideorhewasgoingtodestroythehouse.Igrabbedaleashandmanagedtoclipittohiscollar.Whenherealizedweweregoingoutside，histailwaggedsohardthathisentirebodyshook.

Whenwewereout，hebehavedcrazily，chargingatanythingmoving.Everytimehebehavedbadly，Icorrectedhim.Notharshlybutpersistently.AndIpraisedhimwheneverhedidtherightthing.Tomyastonishment，Pistolcaughton.Thatwasit：consistentcorrectionpairedwithpositivereinforcement（加强）.Ihaddiscoveredthesecrettotrainingthisenergeticandundisciplineddog.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Inthefollowingweeks，IgraduallyguidedPistoltowardsbetterbehavior.

PistolandIwerebothdifferentwhenAshleyreturned.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、A、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据SmilingMind部分的Mindofferskid-friendlymeditations，anoptiontobookmarkfavoritemeditations，andchartstotrackyourmindfulnessprogress.（Mind提供对儿童友好的冥想，可以选择将最喜欢的冥想添加书签，还可以使用图表来跟踪你的正念进度。）可知，SmilingMind是一款适合儿童的app。故选B项。

（2）细节理解题。根据SuperBetter部分的SuperBetterturnsbuildingstrongermentalhealthintoagame.Everydayitsetsyouonadifferentquesttohelpyouimproveyouroptimismandlifesatisfaction-andresearchersfoundthatusingtheappcanhelpreduceanxietyanddepression.（SuperBetter将建立更强的心理健康变成了一场游戏。每天，它都会让你开始不同的追求，帮助你提高乐观情绪和生活满意度。研究人员发现，使用该应用程序可以帮助减少焦虑和抑郁。）可知，SuperBetter将建立更强的心理健康变成了游戏。故选A项。

（3）推理判断题。根据第一段Herearesomefreeappsthatcanhelpyouimproveyourmentalhealth.（这里有一些免费的应用程序可以帮助你改善心理健康。）可知，这些应用程序都是免费的。A．They're

free.它们是免费的；B．They

match

you

with

an

expert.他们会给你找一个专家；C．They're

based

on

a

best-seller.它们基于一本畅销书；D．They

offer

tasks

of

different

time

ranges.他们提供不同时间范围的任务。故选A项。

本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了能提升人心理健康的免费应用。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

4~7.【答案】C、C、D、B【解析】（1）猜测词义题。根据第一段For

two

weeks，the

ducklings

never

swam

in

a

pond

or

saw

the

open

sky-they

never

even

left

the

case，which

grew

filthier

every

day.（两个星期以来，小鸭子们从来没有在池塘里游过泳，也没有见过开阔的天空它们甚至没有离开过箱子，箱子一天比一天脏。）可知filthier的意思是"更脏的"。A．Healthier.更健康的；B．Heavier.更重的；C．Dirtier.更脏的；D．Stronger.更强的。故选C项。

（2）观点态度题。根据第三段"It

wasn't

long

before

a

PETA

member

named

Katie

offered

Harry

and

Houdini

a

permanent

home

at

her

vegetarian

farm

in

the

country，where

the

sweet

ducklings

would

have

the

land

and

water

that

they

desired."（没过多久，一位名叫凯蒂的善待动物组织成员就在哈里和胡迪尼位于该国的素食农场为他们提供了一个永久的家，在那里，甜美的小鸭们将拥有他们想要的土地和水。）以及第四段"To

help

build

up

their

confidence，Katie

introduced

them

to

other

animals

on

her

farm，including

other

ducks

who

could

show

them

how

to

comb

their

feathers，splash

in

water，and

walk

around

in

the

fresh

air."（为了帮助它们建立信心，凯蒂把它们介绍给了农场里的其他动物，包括其他鸭子，它们可以向它们展示如何梳理羽毛、在水中飞溅和在新鲜空气中走动。）可知，凯蒂在素食农场给哈里和胡迪尼提供了永久的家，而且为了帮助小鸭子建立信心，凯蒂让小鸭子接触农场里的其他动物。由此可推知，凯蒂是一位考虑周到的人。A．Concerned.关心的；B．Ambitious.有野心的；C．Considerate.考虑周到的；D．Easygoing.容易相处的。故选C项。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段"Harry

and

Houdini

now

have

full，happy

lives，but

countless

animals

who

are

given

as

gifts

aren't

as

lucky."（哈里和胡迪尼现在过着充实幸福的生活，但无数作为礼物赠送的动物却没有那么幸运。）可知，哈里和胡迪尼现在过着充实幸福的生活，但很多作为礼物被赠送的动物却没有那么幸运。由此可推知，作者呼吁大家不要购买动物作为礼物。故选D项。

（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段"It's

never

a

good

idea

to

give

an

animal

as

a

gift：Just

ask

Harry

and

Houdini."（送动物作为礼物从来都不是一个好主意：问问哈里和胡迪尼就知道了。）及最后一段"

Harry

and

Houdini

now

have

full，happy

lives，but

countless

animals

who

are

given

as

gifts

aren't

as

lucky."（哈里和胡迪尼现在过着充实幸福的生活，但无数作为礼物赠送的动物却没有那么幸运。）可知，文章接着围绕着哈里和胡迪尼这对被作为礼物赠送的小鸭子的命运展开，讲述了在他们被卖之后，买家不能照顾好小鸭子，之后被PETA成员凯蒂救助，逐渐过上了新的生活的故事。故选B项。

本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了收到小鸭子后不会照顾的女士向PETA求助，在成员Katie的帮助下，小鸭子过上了幸福的生活的故事。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

8~11.【答案】B、B、C、A【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Air

travel

is

known

to

be

one

of

the

most

carbon-intensive

forms

of

travel.In

addition，aircraft

contribute

to

other

types

of

air

pollution，such

as

particulate

matter

and

nitrogen

oxides.（众所周知，航空旅行是碳排放最密集的旅行方式之一。此外，飞机还会造成其他类型的空气污染，如颗粒物和氮氧化物）可知第二段描述了航空旅行对环境的危害。根据第三段should

we

avoid

flying

altogether？（我们应该完全避免飞行吗？）可知第二段的作用是引出本文的论点。A．To

make

a

comparison.来做个对比；B．To

present

an

argument.提出论点；C．To

clarify

the

effect

of

air

travel.阐明航空旅行的影响；D．To

describe

various

greenhouse

gases.来描述各种温室气体。故选B项。

（2）细节理解题。根据文章第五段For

one，air

travel

enables

people

to

experience

different

cultures，build

relationships，and

expand

their

knowledge

in

ways

that

might

not

be

possible

otherwise.It

can

also

facilitate

business

trades

and

contribute

to

economic

growth.（首先，航空旅行使人们能够体验不同的文化，建立关系，并以其他方式扩展他们的知识。它还可以促进商业贸易，促进经济增长。）可知，从某种程度上讲，航空旅行促进了全球化发展。故选B项。

（3）观点态度题。根据文章最后一段Ultimately，it's

up

to

each

individual

to

decide

whether

the

benefits

of

air

travel

outweigh

the

environ-mental

costs.（最后，关键是要意识到我们的选择对环境的影响，并根据我们自己的价值观和优先事项做出明智的决定。）提到，最终，由个人来决定是否选择航空旅行，关键是要意识到我们的选择对环境的影响。由此可推知，作者给出了客观的陈述。A．Approving.同意的；B．Skeptical.怀疑的；C．Objective.客观的；D．Ambiguous.模棱两可的。故选C项。

（4）主旨大意题。通读全文，文章第一段引出航空旅行话题，之后围绕是否乘飞机旅行展开，列出持不同观点的理由，最后提出由自己决定是否乘飞机旅行。所以文章重点在于，是否需要乘坐飞机出行。故选A项。

本文是一篇议论文。出于对环境的担忧以及如何在旅行和保护地球之间取得平衡，文章提出了航空旅行这个备受关注的话题。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

12~15.【答案】D、A、B、D【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Theideaisthattheplantswillsupportthesilkwormswithoxygen，andthesilkwormswillinturnprovidetheplantswithnecessarycarbondioxideandnutrientsthroughtheirwaste.（其想法是，植物将为蚕提供氧气，蚕将通过其排泄物为植物提供必要的二氧化碳和营养。）可知，蚕和植物构成了一个小的生态系统。故选D。

（2）段落大意题。根据第三段The"biosphere"experimentwastheproductofacooperationbetween28Chineseuniversities，ledbysouthwestChina'sChongqingUniversity，accordingtoXinhua.Theexperimentisstuffedinsidea0.8litersaluminumalloycylinder（圆筒）whichweighsabout3kilogramsandincludesdirt，nutrientsandwater.Sunlightwillfilterintothecontainerthrougha"tube"，andsmallcameraswillwatchthelittleenvironment.ThatdatawillbesentbacktoEarthbymeansofthecomplicatedrelaysystemChinahassetuptocommunicatewithanexperimentthathasnodirectlineofsighttoEarth.（据新华社报道，"生物圈"实验是由中国西南部重庆大学领导的28所中国大学合作的产物。实验被放入一个0.8升的铝合金圆柱体中，这个圆柱体重约3公斤，包括泥土、营养物质和水。阳光会通过一根"管子"过滤到容器中，小型摄像机会观察这个小环境。这些数据将通过中国建立的复杂中继系统发送回地球，该系统用于与一个与地球没有直接视线的实验进行通信。）可知，这一段主要介绍实验是怎么做的。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据第四段Ourexperimentmighthelpaccumulateknowledgeforbuildingalunarbaseandlong-termresidenceonthemoon.（我们的实验可能有助于积累在月球上建造基地和长期住所的知识。）可知，未来某一天，人类可能在月球上生存。故选B。

（4）目的意图题。根据第一段China'sChang'e-4landertoucheddownonthefarsideofthemoononJan.3rdBeijingtime，andit'sgotsomelivingthingsonboard.（中国的嫦娥四号着陆器于北京时间1月3日在月球背面着陆，上面有一些生物。）和最后一段thismeansthere'slifeinatleastoneotherplaceinthesolarsystembecauseofChina（这意味着，由于中国的存在，太阳系中至少还有一个地方存在生命）可知，这篇文章旨在介绍中国在太空生命探索方面取得的成就。A．To

promote

the

value

of

space

exploration.提升太空探索的价值；B．To

explain

why

China

brings

life

to

the

moon.来解释为什么中国会把生命带到月球；C．To

convince

the

world

there's

life

on

the

moon.让世界相信月球上有生命；D．To

introduce

China's

achievements

in

space

exploration.介绍中国在太空探索方面的成就。故选D。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了嫦娥四号带着生物在月球上着陆，给月球上带来生命。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

16~20.【答案】F、A、G、E、D【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据下文If，however，yourgardenismoredeeplyshaded，youmaystruggletogrowtraditionalvegetables.（然而，如果树荫深，可能很难种植传统蔬菜）可知，该空和种植蔬菜有关，并与空后树荫深形成转折。F项In

light

shade，you

are

still

able

to

grow

a

range

of

common

vegetable

crops"在树荫较浅处，你仍然可以种植一系列常见的蔬菜作物"符合题意，深色、浅色树荫进行对比并提到关键词vegetables"蔬菜"。故F项正确。

（2）段落大意题。根据下文Anditisimportanttounderstandthelevelandtypeofshadethatyouaredealingwithtomaketherightchoicesinyourgarden.（了解你树荫的等级和类型，对于做出正确的选择是很重要的）可知，该空需要和了解树荫相关。A项Understanding

shade"了解树荫"符合段意。故A项正确。

（3）推理判断题。根据上文Ashadegardencanhavearangeofadvantages.Itmaybemuchcooler.Anditmayfeelmoreprivateandpeacefulthanaveryopenspace.（树荫花园有很多好处。可能会凉快得多。它可能会比一个非常开放的空间更私密、更宁静）可知，该空与树荫花园的优点有关。G项Trees

or

other

structures

which

cast

shade

can

offer

some

privacy

in

your

garden"树木或其他能遮荫的建筑可以为你的花园提供一些隐私"符合题意。G项正确。

（4）推理判断题。根据下文Andtrytochoosearangeoffloweringplantstoattractpollinatorsandbeneficialinsectsthroughouttheyear，andtoprovidevisualappealoverasmuchoftheyearaspossible.（并尽量选择一系列开花植物，以吸引全年的传粉者和益虫，并在一年中尽可能多地提供视觉吸引力）可知，该空和美化花园的选择有关。E项You

just

have

to

select

plants

of

various

colors，shapes

and

forms"你只需要选择各种颜色、形状和类型的植物"符合句意。故E项正确。

（5）推理判断题。根据下文Butbycreatingtherightlayoutandchoosingtherightplants，shadecanbecomeanopportunity，ratherthanadisadvantage.（但是，通过合理布局和选择正确的植物