江苏省无锡市普通高中高二英语上学期期末教学质量抽测试题（含解析）

江苏省无锡市普通高中2018-2019学年高二英语上学期期末教学质量抽测试题（含解析）注意事项及说明：1.考试前请将密封线内的项目填写清楚。2.试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。共150分，考试时间120分钟。3.答案一律写在答题纸/卡上。考试结束时，上交答题纸/卡。第一卷（选择题，共95分）一、听力测试（共两节，满分20分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸/卡上。第一节（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C、三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What’sBobdoingthisweekend?A．Playingbasketball.B.Goingcamping.C.Goingshopping.2.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.He’dratherplaybaseball.B.Heisn’tabletogoboating.C.He’llgetaticketforJames.3.Wheredoesthedialogueprobablytakeplace?A.Atthecleaner’s.B.Attheman’s.C.Attheclothingshop.4.Whatdopeoplethinkofthatpieceofmusic?A.Beautiful.B.Unbearable.C.Interesting.5.WhatdoweknowaboutAlice’sfather?A.Healwayshelpsothers.B.Hedoesn’tlivewithAlice.C.Heistoooldtolookafterhimself.第二节（共15题：每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，没小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.WhatisJohnnydoing?A.Playinginthewater.B.Playingwithhiscars.C.Goingforawalk.hoisgivingJohnnyhisbathtonight?A.Hisfather.B.Hismother.C.Himself.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.WhoisBuddy?A.Thecouple’snewbaby.B.Thecouple’snewneighbor.C.Thecouple’snewpet.9.Whydoesthewomanadvisethemantobuyanewpairofshoes?A.BecauseBuddyneedsapairofshoesasapresent.B.BecauseBuddyhasgoneshoppingintheman’sshoes.C.BecauseBuddyhasdirtiedtheman’sfavoriteshoes.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdidtheboyjustdo?A.Hecleanedthewindow.B.Hequarreledwithhismother.C.HeplayedbasketballwithPaul.11.HowmightMr.Henryfeelnow?A.Scared.B.Angry.C.Guilty.12.WhatwillPaulprobablydotomorrow?A.Paybackthemoney.B.Apologizetothewoman.C.HaveteawithTom.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whoisthepartymainlyfor?A.Newstudents.B.Collegeprofessors.C.Successfulgraduates.14.Whoorganizestheparty?A.Thewholecollege.B.TheStudents’Union.C.TheEnglishdepartment.15.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Hecan’tdancewell.B.Hewon’thavefunthere.C.Hewillmisssomespeeches.16.Howdoesthewomanknowthepieisdelicious?A.Shewillmakeit.B.Shehastasteditbefore.C.Sheonceboughtsome.听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。17.WhoisMr.Green?A.Acoach.B.Adramateacher.C.Thespeaker.18.Howlongwilltheperformancelastthisafternoon?A．OnehourB.Twohours.C.Threehours.19.Whatdoweknowaboutthefootballteam?A.Itstrainingiscanceledtoday.B.ItsnextgamewillbeonthisFriday.C.Itwonavictorylastweekend.20.WhyisKarenBushaskedtogotothemainoffice?A.Toreturnawallet.B.Toreportawrongdeed.C.Togetbacksomethingshelost.二、单项填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸/卡上将该项涂黑。1.Intheeyesofapoliceman,it’susuallydangeroustogetclosetothe_______criminal.Hemaydoanythinghewouldtoescape.A.sensitiveB.consciousC.primitiveD.desperate【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词辨析。A.sensitive灵敏的；B.conscious有意识的；C.primitive原始的；D.desperate绝望的。句意：在警察看来，接近绝望的罪犯通常是危险的。为了逃跑，他可以做任何事。故D选项正确。2.Whenyou’vegotthroughthegateofopportunity,don’tgetitshutbehindyourself,andgiveothersthesamechancethat_______yousucceed.A.helpedB.ishelpingC.hadhelpedD.willhelp【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：当你通过了机会之门，不要把它在自己身后关上，给别人有助于你成功的同样的机会。根据句意可知，你已经成功了，所以帮助你成功的机会是过去时。故A选项正确。3.______JackMahassteppeddownaschairmanofAlibaba,hestillremainsonitsboardofdirectors.A.SinceB.BeforeC.WhileD.Until【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查连词辨析。A.Since自从；B.Before在……之前；C.While虽然；D.Until直到。句意：虽然马云已经辞去阿里巴巴董事长一职，但他仍然是阿里巴巴的董事会成员。故C选项正确。4.DonaldTrumpmadea_____tothenationthathewouldstruggleforlowertaxesandimprovehealthcareaftertakingoffice.A.contributionB.commitmentC.devotionD.donation【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。A.contribution贡献；B.commitment承诺；C.devotion奉献；D.donation捐赠。句意：唐纳德·特朗普向全国承诺，他上任后将为降低税收和改善医疗服务而奋斗。故B选项正确。5.Itisnotuntilhereturnedtohishometown______thegreatchangesthathadhappened.A.didhefindB.thathefoundC.thatdidhefindD.foundhethat【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查强调句句型。句意：直到他回到家乡，他才发现发生了巨大的变化。本句为强调句型，notuntil位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装结构，助动词提前，其它时候不用倒装。故B选项正确。【点睛】强调句是一种修辞。陈述句的强调句型：Itis/was+被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+that/who（当强调主语且主语指人时可用who）+其他部分。如：ItwasPaulwhobrokethewindow.是保罗打碎了玻璃。特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+is/was+it+that/who+其他部分。如：Whenwasitthatyouwereborn?一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。如：WasityesterdaythathemetLiPing?not…until…句型的强调句：Itis/wasnotuntil+被强调部分+that+其他部分。如：Itwasnotuntilherhusbandcamebackthatshewenttobed.直到她丈夫回家她才上床睡觉。6.Onlythose,asAlbertEinsteinoncesaidinoneofhisfamousbooks,______attempttheabsurdcanachievetheimpossible.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.where【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦在其著名著作之一中所言，只有那些尝试荒谬的人才能实现不可能的事情。此处为定语从句，先行词是those（那些人），关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词who引导。故A选项正确。7.—Mikehasplayedalotofcomputergamesrecently.—Yes,thatmight___hisfailureinthemid-termexaminations.A.AccountforB.answerforC.askforD.standfor【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意为：——Tom最近玩太多电脑游戏了。——是的，这也许是他期中考试失利的原因。A项表示“是……的说明(或原因)”，符合语境。B项表示“对……负责，因……受到谴责”；C项表示“要求，请求”；D项表示“代表”。8.Asmanyas150peoplediedintheexplosion.Ifonlytheowners____enoughattentiontothesafetymeasures!A.paidB.shouldpayC.wouldpayD.hadpaid【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：多达150人在爆炸中丧生。要是业主对安全措施给予足够的重视就好了！根据句意可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的情况，应使用过去完成时。故D选项正确。【点睛】Ifonly:常常用来表示强烈的愿望，使用虚拟语气时和wish类似，表达强烈的遗憾或与真实条件不符的愿望。因而使用起来的形式也与wish相同。1.表示与将来情况不同：ifonly＋从句主语＋would(could,might)+动词原形eg：Ifonlyshewouldtryagain.我希望她能再试一次。2.表示与现在情况不同：ifonly＋从句主语＋动词过去式eg：IfonlyIwasn'tgoingtoLondon.我希望我没去过伦敦。3.表达与过去情况不同：ifonly＋从句主语＋would/couldhave/had＋过去分词eg：Ifonlyyouhadcometomybirthdayparty.你要是来了我的生日晚会就好了。以上就是ifonly的三种用法，ifonly的用法与wish基本相似。9.______fullpreparations,theythoughtitbettertoputofftheconferencetillnextweek.A.NottohavemadeB.NothavingmadeC.NotmakingD.Havingnotmade【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意：由于没有做好充分的准备，他们认为最好把会议推迟到下星期。make与主语they构成逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词表主动；根据句意，“准备”应发生在“认为最好推迟”之前，因此此处应使用现在分词完成式的否定形式。故B选项正确。10.—HaveyouheardthatmoreflightsfromWuXitoBeijingareavailablethisyear?—Ofcourse.Manycitizensare____forit’squiteconvenientforthemtotravel.A.greenwithenvyB.feelingblueC.overthemoonD.hotunderthecollar【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查习惯用语。A.greenwithenvy非常嫉妒；B.feelingblue心情压抑；C.overthemoon欣喜若狂；D.hotunderthecollar怒不可遏。句意：—你听说今年从无锡到北京的航班增加了吗?—当然。许多市民欣喜若狂，因为旅行非常方便。故C选项正确。11.—HowaboutyourtriptoWestLake?—Everythingwaswonderfulexceptthatmycar____twiceontheway.A.brokeoutB.brokeupC.brokedownD.brokein【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。A.brokeout爆发；B.brokeup打碎；C.brokedown抛锚；D.brokein打断。句意：—你的西湖之旅怎么样?—一切都很好，除了我的车在路上坏了两次。故C选项正确。12.Thoughlackingthenecessaryworkingexperience,mycousingotthejob____herconfidenceandflexibility.A.intermsofB.withrespecttoC.inresponsetoD.onaccountof【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。A.intermsof在……方面；B.withrespectto关于；C.inresponseto回答；D.onaccountof因为。句意：虽然缺乏必要的工作经验，我的表妹因为自信和灵活而得到了这份工作。故D选项正确。13.Youngpeopleareseekingexcitementandchallenges,andgoingwherebigcompaniesareis____leadstosomanyoldpeoplebeingleftaloneinvillages.A.whereB.whenC.whatD.who【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：年轻人寻找刺激和挑战，去了大公司所在的地方是导致许多老人独自留在农村的原因。此处为表语从句，从句中缺少主语，应使用what引导。故C选项正确。14.You____yourdepressionforlong,andnowit’stimetorelaxyourself.A.maskedB.willhavemaskedC.havebeenmaskedD.havebeenmasking【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：你压抑了很久，现在是时候放松一下了。根据下文“现在该放松了”可知，此处应使用现在完成进行时，表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，强调这个动作可能会继续下去。故D选项正确。15.—Hey,dorememberwearegoingtoMr.Black’sofficetomorrow.—Oh,Ihavealmostforgotten,but_____.A.notreallyB.nevermindC.noproblemD.nodoubt【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查习惯用语。A.notreally不见得；B.nevermind没关系；C.noproblem没问题；D.nodoubt毫无疑问。句意：—嘿，别忘了我们明天要去布莱克先生的办公室。—哦，我差点忘了，但是没问题。故C选项正确。三、完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸/卡上将该项涂黑。BeforeIcametoChina,Ihadbeensomewhatunluckyinlove.Daysbeforemy___16___forShanghaiin2016,mycousinmadea___17___withouttheslightestbitofirony（讽刺）,“You’llfallinloveinChina.”ImetmyhusbandataChinese___18___.Itwasanembarrassingplacetomeethimapproachingme___19___Iattemptedtoliftfreeweights.HespokeEnglishpoorly,tryingtocorrectmyform.Imoreorless___20___him,figuringsucharelationshipwas___21___aswehadlittlemeanstocommunicate.ButIwasverymuch___22___.Heranaftermeforthenextcoupleweeksandhispersistence（坚持不懈）___23___wonmeover,andIwasheadoverheelsinlovewithhim.Thechallengeswefacedwere___24___—decidingwheretolive,___25___overvisas,dealingwithmyparents’doubts.Intime,theseproblemsgotsettledwithouttoomuchworkonourpart.Whenotherswould___26___onhowtoughitmustbetomarrysomeonefromaforeigncountry,Iquicklymademy___27___,tryingtoconvincemyquestionerthatmarryingcross-culturallyisreallynodifferentfrom___28___withinone’sowncircle.Oursonwasborninthespringof2018.Hewasaveryeasybabytocarefor—hecriedlittleandsleptwellatnight.Mystrugglesincaringforanewbornwereunimportant___29___theotherpressuresIfaced.ByChinesetradition,Iwas___30___fromtakingthebabyoutsideuntilhewas100daysold,forreasonsIstilldon’tfullyunderstand.Sincegivingbirth,I’velearnedthatcompromise（妥协）ismore___31___thanitseems.Ifyougiveuptoomuchofyourself,youmay___32___resentful（怨恨的）.Ifyoucompromisetoolittle,youmaybe___33___inafrequentbattle.Inarelationship,ourvaluesorbeliefsoften___34___withourpartner’s,butwithpatience,mostdifficultiescanbeovercome.Forthatreason,Ikeeponworkingtobetterunderstandhisbackgroundandbeliefswhile___35___forgettingmyown.16.A.planB.departureC.reservationD.destination17.A.decisionB.suggestionC.requestD.prediction18.A.gymB.cinemaC.restaurantD.museum19.A.sinceB.asC.unlessD.before20.A.thankedB.admiredC.ignoredD.praised21.A.pricelessB.worthlessC.pointlessD.faultless22.A.brokenB.beatenC.drunkenD.mistaken23.A.graduallyB.eventuallyC.simplyD.keenly24.A.naturalB.legalC.typicalD.international25.A.worryingB.arguingC.lookingD.taking26.A.commentB.decideC.insistD.focus27.A.remarkB.conservationC.apologyD.defense28.A.adjustingB.datingC.wanderingD.behaving29.A.inrelationtoB.inadditiontoC.incomparisontoD.inresponseto30.A.protectedB.disabledC.excusedD.forbidden31.A.constantB.challengingC.cautiousD.cultural32.A.endupB.putupC.turnupD.takeup33.A.takenB.absorbedC.stuckD.resulted34.A.dealB.meetC.conflictD.combine35.A.thereforeB.finallyC.yetD.never【答案】16.B17.D18.A19.B20.C21.C22.D23.B24.C25.A26.A27.D28.B29.C30.D31.B32.A33.C34.C35.D【解析】【分析】本文为记叙文。作者介绍了自己的跨国婚姻经历与感受。【16题详解】考查名词辨析。A.plan计划；B.departure离开；C.reservation预约；D.destination目的地。句意：2016年去上海的前几天。故B选项正确。【17题详解】考查名词辨析。A.decision决定；B.suggestion建议；C.request要求；D.prediction预言。句意：我表哥毫不讽刺地预言：“你会在中国坠入爱河。”故D选项正确。【18题详解】考查名词辨析。A.gym健身房；B.cinema电影院；C.restaurant餐厅；D.museum博物馆。根据下文Iattemptedtoliftfreeweights.可知，作者在健身房遇到了她的丈夫。故A选项正确。【19题详解】考查连词辨析。A.since自从；B.as当……的时候；C.unless除非；D.before在……之前。句意：当我试着举重的时候，我遇到了我现在的丈夫。故B选项正确。【20题详解】考查动词辨析。A.thanked感谢；B.admired羡慕；C.ignored忽视；D.praised表扬。根据下文aswehadlittlemeanstocommunicate.可知，因为没有办法交流，作者或多或少忽略了他。故C选项正确。【21题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.priceless无价的；B.worthless无价值的；C.pointless无意义的；D.faultless完美的。因为没有办法交流，所以作者认为这种关系毫无意义。故C选项正确。【22题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.broken破碎的；B.beaten被打败了的；C.drunken喝醉的；D.mistaken错误的。根据下文Heranaftermeforthenextcoupleweeksandhispersistence（坚持不懈）可知，作者的上文对于现在的丈夫最初的关系的判断是错误的。故D选项正确。【23题详解】考查副词辨析。A.gradually逐渐地；B.eventually最终；C.simply简单地；D.keenly强烈地。根据下文Iwasheadoverheelsinlovewithhim.可知，小伙子的坚持不懈最终征服了作者。故B选项正确。【24题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.natural自然的；B.legal合法的；C.typical典型的；D.international国际的。句意：我们面临的挑战很典型——决定住在哪里……故C选项正确。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A.worryingover担心；B.arguingover争论；C.lookingover检查；D.takingover接管。根据上文Thechallengeswefaced可推断，此处指担心签证。故A选项正确。【26题详解】考查动词辨析。A.comment评论；B.decide决定；C.insist坚持；D.focus聚焦。句意：当其他人都在评论嫁给一个外国人是多么的困难时，我很快做出了辩护。故A选项正确。【27题详解】考查名词辨析。A.remark评论；B.conservation保存；C.apology道歉；D.defense辩护。结合语境科长，句意：我迅速地为自己辩护。故D选项正确。【28题详解】考查动词辨析。A.adjusting调整；B.dating约会；C.wandering漫步；D.behaving表现。句意：跨文化婚姻和在自己的圈子里的人约会没什么不同。故B选项正确。【29题详解】考查介词短语辨析。A.inrelationto关于；B.inadditionto除了；C.incomparisonto与……相比；D.inresponseto回答。句意：与我面临的其他压力相比，我在照顾新生儿方面的努力并不重要。故C选项正确。【30题详解】考查动词辨析。A.protected保护；B.disabled使失去能力；C.excused原谅；D.forbidden禁止。句意：按照中国的传统，我被禁止在孩子100天大之前带他出去，原因我至今还不完全明白。故D选项正确。【31题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.constant经常的；B.challenging挑战的；C.cautious谨慎的；D.cultural文化的。句意：自从生下孩子后，我明白了妥协比看起来更有挑战性。故B选项正确。【32题详解】考查动词辨析。A.endup最终成为；B.putup举起；C.turnup出现；D.takeup拿起。句意：如果你放弃了太多，你可能最终会成为怨恨的。故A选项正确。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A.takenin欺骗；B.absorbedin沉浸在；C.stuckin困在；陷入；D.resultedin导致。句意：如果你妥协太少，你可能会陷入一场频繁的战斗。故C选项正确。【34题详解】考查动词辨析。A.deal处理；B.meet遇见；C.conflict冲突；D.combine结合。句意：在一段关系中，我们的价值观或信念经常与伴侣的价值观或信念发生冲突，但只要有耐心，大多数困难都可以克服。故C选项正确。【35题详解】考查副词辨析。A.therefore所以；B.finally最终；C.yet但是；D.never从不。句意：鉴于此，我不断努力去更好地了解他的背景和信仰，同时永远不会忘记我自己的。故D选项正确。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第3小题要求判断出作者在哪里遇到她的丈夫的。根据下文Iattemptedtoliftfreeweights.Itwasanembarrassingplacetomeethimapproachingme___4___Iattemptedtoliftfreeweights.可知，作者在健身房遇到了她的丈夫。故A选项正确。四、阅读理解（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸/卡上将该项涂黑。AAnextremelyenthusiastictruthseekerwhorunstheYouTubechannelBrightInsightclaims（声称）tohavefoundthemysteriouscityofAtlantisandinsiststhatitstruelocationhasbeenhidinginplainsightforthousandsofyears.Inavideo,YouTubebloggerJimmyBrightarguesthattheRichatStructure,ageologicdome（穹状物）innorthwestSaharaalsoreferredtoastheEyeoftheSahara,isthemostlikelylocationofAtlantis.HementionedmeasurementsfromthefamousDialoguesofPlato,whichgavebirthtothemystery.TheGreekphilosopher（哲学家）claimedthatAtlantiswasalong-gonekingdom,whichstretchedintoEuropeasfarasItalyandintoAfricaasfarasEgyptthousandsofyearsago.Thegiantislandwassaidtobewipedoffthefaceoftheplanetbyanaturaldisaster“inasingledayandnightofmisfortune”.Atfirstsight,thishasnothingtodowiththeland-basedRichatStructure,butJimmyclaimsthattheso-calledYoungerDryastheorycouldbeapossibleexplanation.Accordingtoit,amassivechangeinglobaltemperaturescausedunexpectedclimatechangeandsealeveltorise.InwhatcanbeviewedasanotherprooftotheSaharatheory,thediameter（直径）oftheRichatStructure’soutercircleis23.5kmaccordingtoGoogleMap’smeasurements,whichmatchesthosementionedbyPlato—127stadia,whichisroughly23.5kmintoday’sterms.AnotherthingthathelpssolvethemysteryisatheorythattheEyeoftheSaharacloselymatchesthedescriptionfromPlato’sdialogues.TheancientphilosopherwrotethatthemaincityofAtlantisconsistedofcirclesofwaterandland,which,Jimmysaid,looksverysimilartothecircularformoftheRichatStructure.AlthoughthemajorityofresearchersbelievethatPlato’sstorywasnothingbutamoralstoryusedtodescribeafailedideaofseekingpowerandsearchingforfortune,ithasraisedquiteafewtheories,SincetheMiddleAges,explorershavebeenpointingfingersatdifferentplacesaroundtheworld,includingtheAtlanticOceanandtheMediterraneanSea,withthemostamazingtheorieslinkingthelocationofAtlantistotheAntarcticandtheNorthSea.36.WhatdoesJimmyBrightclaimtohavediscovered?A.ThemostlikelylocationofAtlantis.B.TheformationoftheRichatStructure.C.ThemeasurementsintheDialoguesofPlato.D.ThereasonsbehindtheYoungerDryastheory.37.HowdidJimmyBrightdoresearchintothelocationofAtlantisandarriveataconclusion?A.BystudyingthehistoryofancientEgypt.B.ByanalyzingtheresearchintoPlato’slifestory.C.ByexplainingtheYoungerDryastheoryinascientificway.D.BycomparingtheRichatStructurewiththefamousDialoguesofPlato.38.What’sthepurposeofmentioningtheYoungerDryastheoryinParagraph4?A.TostresstheimportanceoftheRichatStructure.B.TopresenttheinfluenceithadonAtlantis.C.ToprovethatJimmyBrightmightbecorrect.D.ToshowJimmyBright’sopinionisunique.39.Whatcanbelearnedfromthearticle?A.TheEyeoftheSaharaisamysterymentionedintheDialoguesofPlato.B.TheRichatStructureiswherethemysteriouscityofAtlantisusedtolie.C.TheYoungerDryasmayhavecausedthedisappearanceofAtlantisovernight.D.ThePlato’sStoryismeanttoinspireexplorerstolocatetheexactpositionofAtlantis.【答案】36.A37.D38.C39.C【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。YouTube频道BrightInsight的负责人，一位极度热情的真理探寻者声称，他发现了神秘的亚特兰蒂斯城，并坚称其真实位置数千年来一直隐藏在人们的视线中。文章介绍了他的发现及依据。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的Inavideo,YouTubebloggerJimmyBrightarguesthattheRichatStructure,ageologicdome（穹状物）innorthwestSaharaalsoreferredtoastheEyeoftheSahara,isthemostlikelylocationofAtlantis.可知，吉米·布莱特声称发现了亚特兰蒂斯最有可能的位置。故A选项正确。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的HementionedmeasurementsfromthefamousDialoguesofPlato,whichgavebirthtothemystery.第五段中的thediameter（直径）oftheRichatStructure’soutercircleis23.5kmaccordingtoGoogleMap’smeasurements,whichmatchesthosementionedbyPlato及第六段中的AnotherthingthathelpssolvethemysteryisatheorythattheEyeoftheSaharacloselymatchesthedescriptionfromPlato’sdialogues.可知，吉米·布莱特对亚特兰蒂斯的位置进行了研究，并将其结构与柏拉图著名的对话录进行了对比，从而得出的结论。故D选项正确。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的Atfirstsight,thishasnothingtodowiththeland-basedRichatStructure,butJimmyclaimsthattheso-calledYoungerDryastheorycouldbeapossibleexplanation.可推知，提到所谓的新仙女木理论是为了证明吉米·布赖特也许是正确的。故C选项正确。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的Thegiantislandwassaidtobewipedoffthefaceoftheplanetbyanaturaldisaster“inasingledayandnightofmisfortune”.“据说这个巨大的岛屿在“一天一夜之间”被一场自然灾害从地球表面上抹去。”及第四段中的butJimmyclaimsthattheso-calledYoungerDryastheorycouldbeapossibleexplanation.Accordingtoit,amassivechangeinglobaltemperaturescausedunexpectedclimatechangeandsealeveltorise.可推知，所谓的新仙女木理论可能是一种解释，据报道，全球气温的巨大变化导致了意想不到的气候变化和海平面上升。因此推断新仙女木事件可能导致亚特兰蒂斯在一夜之间消失了。故C选项正确。【点睛】细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。以本文第1小题为例，本题运用定位法：我们根据题干WhatdoesJimmyBrightclaimtohavediscovered?其关键词是claimtohavediscovered，从而直接定位到含有JimmyBright发现的文段——第二段中的Inavideo,YouTubebloggerJimmyBrightarguesthattheRichatStructure,ageologicdome（穹状物）innorthwestSaharaalsoreferredtoastheEyeoftheSahara,isthemostlikelylocationofAtlantis.，原文中的themostlikelylocationofAtlantis与A选项中的ThemostlikelylocationofAtlantis相对应，从而得知，吉米·布莱特声称发现了亚特兰蒂斯最有可能的位置。故A选项正确。BSiblingsrefertoone’sbrothersandsisters.We’reattachedtosiblingsasadultsfarlongerthanweareaschildren.Oursiblingrelationships,infact,arethelongest-lastingfamilytieswehave.“Paul,myyoungerbrother,andI,kindofannoyedeachotherwhenwewerekids,”saidAnna,aninterviewee,“Butasadults,we’vealwayshadeachother’sback,especiallywhendealingwithourmother’shealthcrisis.PaulisthefirstpersonIwanttotalktowhensomethingworriesme.”There’sprobablyabiologicalexplanationfortheclosebondofthesiblingrelationship.Siblingssharehalftheirgenes,whichbiologistssayshouldbemotivationenoughforeachother’sdevotion.Onethingthatcanweakenclosenessinadulthoodisaparentwhoplayedfavoritesinchildhood;thissenseofhatredcanlastalifetime.Thesimpleconceptofparentalfavoritismwasenoughtoshaketheirrelationship.“WhatPaulandIareprettysureisourparentstreatedusthesamewhenweweregrowingup.Yetwe’reverydifferentpeople,”Annasaid,“PaulisoutgoingwhileI’mshy.PaulisanamateurpianistwhileIcan’treadmusicorcarryatune.Infamilieswithmorethanonechild,everysiblingseemstogetalabelincontrasttoeveryothersibling.”Theverypresenceofsiblingsinthehouseholdcanbeaneducation.Whenanewbabyisborn,theoldersiblinggainssocialskillsbyinteractingwiththeyounger,andtheyoungergainscognitively（认知角度地）byimitatingtheolder.Theylearnfromthefrictionbetweenthem,too,astheyfightfortheirparents’attention.Mildconflictbetweenbrothersandsistersteachesthemhowtointeractwithfriendsandco-workersfortherestoftheirlives.It’ssosadwhenthingsbetweensiblingsfallapart,whichhappenswhenagingparentsneedcareordie—oldfeelingsofcontradictionandjealousyeruptalloveragain.Manyfamiliesgetthroughtheirparents’illnessesjustfine,establishingnetworkswheretheworkloadisdividedprettymuchequally.Butabout40percentofthetimethereisasingleprimarycaregiverwhofeelslikesheisnotgettinganyhelpfromherbrothersandsisters,whichcanleadtoseriousconflicts.Throughoutadulthood,thesiblingrelationship“ispowerfulandunchanged,”saidJaneMerskyLeder,authorofthenewe-bookTheSiblingConnection.Whetherweareclosetooursiblingsordistant,shewrites,theyremainourbrothersandsisters—forbetterorforworse.Soremembertheimmortal（永恒的）wordsoffolksingerLoudonWainwrightⅢ,inasongcalledThanksgiving.“Onthisbrilliantoccasion,thisspecialfamilydinner,ifIarguewithalovedone,pleasemakeme”40.Whatcanprobablyencouragehatredamongsiblings?A.TheagingoftheirMomandDad.B.Thedifferencebetweentheirhobbies.C.Theconflictintheirdailylives.D.Theunequaltreatmentfromtheirparents.41.Brothersorsisterswillbereadytogiveeachotherahandpartlybecause__________.A.theyhavecommoninterestB.theirparentsforcethemtoC.thereexistsageneticfactorD.theirparentsrequirethemtobe42.Theunderlinedword“friction”inPara.6isclosestinmeaningto_________.A.mildconflictB.closerelationshipC.activeinteractionD.cognitiveimitation43.Oneeffectivewaytoavoidconflictwhenlookingaftersickparentsisto__________.A.employanexperiencedcaregiverB.takeonreasonableburdensC.equallydividethefortuneD.sendthemstraighttohospital44.ThewriterendsthepassagewithasongThanksgivingtoindicatethat__________.A.it’sdisappointingtoquarrelwithsiblingsB.it’sgratefultohavebrothersorsistersinlifeC.ThanksgivingDayisawonderfuloccasionD.ThanksgivingDayisatimeforbrothersorsisterstogettogether【答案】40.D41.C42.A43.B44.B【解析】本文为说明文。兄弟姐妹是指一个人的兄弟姐妹。成年后，我们对兄弟姐妹的依恋要比孩提时长得多。事实上，我们的兄弟姐妹关系是我们拥有的最持久的家庭关系。无论我们与我们的兄弟姐妹是亲近还是疏远的，他们仍然是我们的兄弟姐妹——无论是好是坏。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的Onethingthatcanweakenclosenessinadulthoodisaparentwhoplayedfavoritesinchildhood;thissenseofhatredcanlastalifetime.可知，父母的不平等对待可能会助长兄弟姐妹之间的仇恨。故D选项正确。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的Siblingssharehalftheirgenes,whichbiologistssayshouldbemotivationenoughforeachother’sdevotion.可知，兄弟姐妹会愿意互相帮助，部分原因是存在遗传因素。故C选项正确。【42题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句及下一句Theylearnfromthefrictionbetweenthem,too,astheyfightfortheirparents’attention.Mildconflictbetweenbrothersandsistersteachesthemhowtointeractwithfriendsandco-workersfortherestoftheirlives.（他们也从他们之间的friction中学习，因为他们为了父母的注意而争斗。兄弟姐妹之间的轻微冲突教会他们如何在余生中与朋友和同事互动。）可推知，下句中的mildconflict指的就是friction。故A选项正确。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的Manyfamiliesgetthroughtheirparents’illnessesjustfine,establishingnetworkswheretheworkloadisdividedprettymuchequally.可知，照顾生病的父母时避免冲突的一个有效方法是承担合理的负担。故B选项正确。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Whetherweareclosetooursiblingsordistant,shewrites,theyremainourbrothersandsisters—forbetterorforworse.（她写道，无论我们与我们的兄弟姐妹是亲近还是疏远的，他们仍然是我们的兄弟姐妹——无论是好是坏）及最后一段中的Soremembertheimmortal（永恒的）wordsoffolksingerLoudonWainwrightⅢ,inasongcalledThanksgiving.（所以记住民谣歌手Loudon温赖特Ⅲ在一首名为感恩的歌中的不朽歌词吧）可推知，作者以一首“感恩”的歌词来结束这篇文章，以此来表达对生活中有兄弟姐妹的感激之情。故B选项正确。C“HasanyoneseenCharge?”Iasked,onlyhalfexpectingareply.Thekidswererunningaroundthehouse,eachdoingtheirownthing,andmyhusbandwaswatchingthefootballgame.Sinceshehadonlybeenoutofsightforafewhours,Iwasn’toverlyconcerned.Ithoughtshemustbeunderoneofthekids’beds,hidingfromallthemessthatwasnormalforaSundayafternooninourhome.①Chargewasnotgood-looking,toputitkindly.Itwasn’therfault;shewassimplygiftedwiththeworstappearancetraits（特征）inherbackground.MyhusbandhadfoundChargewanderingalongthefreewayonedayonhiswayhomefromwork.Shelookedasthoughshehadn’teateninweeks,sohestoppedandfedherwithbitsofhisleftoverlunch.Notknowingwhattodo,hebroughtherhomewiththehopeoffindingherownersoratleastalovingfamilythatwouldtakeher.However,onceshewasinthehouse,thekidsweredeterminednottolethergo.Afteradayortwoofbegging,weunwillinglygaveinandtoldthemwecouldkeepher.Afterobservingheractionsfordays,Ifoundshewasextremelydistrustfulandafraidofeveryone.Intime,though,shecametolovethekidsandsleptontheirbedseverynight.Iwonderedifwhatshehadexperiencedhadconditionedhertobeprotectiveofthosewhowerehurting.Everytimethekidscried,Chargewouldruntothemandgentlyofferhercomfortingpaw（爪子）.Unlikeourcat,whohadrecentlygivenbirthtofivekittens,Chargewouldhavebeenagreatmother.②WhenIwasfinallyabletogeteveryone’sattentionatthedinnertable,IaskedagainifanyonehadseenCharge.Afteraunanimous（异口同声的）“No”,Idecidedtotakealookaroundtheneighborhood.③“Charge!”Icried,becausethereshewasinthecloset!Shelookedupatmefrominsidethelittlecats’boxasiftosay,“Shhh,Ijustgotthemtosleep!”Weusuallykepttheclosetdooropenabitsoourmammacatcouldgoinandfeedherkittens,butshealwaysleftassoonasshefinishednursing.Obviously,Chargeknewtheyneededmoremammatimeandwas