职称英语综合A阅读理解考试题及答案

第页共页职称英语综合A阅读理解考试题及答案职称英语综合A阅读理解考试题及答案SuperconductorCeramic(陶瓷)Anundergroundrevolutionbeginsthiswinter.Withtheflip(轻击)ofaswitch,30,000homesinonepartofDetroitwillsoonbeethefirstinthecountrytoreceiveelectricitytransmittedbyice-coldhigh-performancecables.OtherAmericancitiesareexpectedtofollowDetroit'sexleintheyearsahead,whichcouldconserveenormousamountsofpower.ThenewelectricalcablesattheFrisbiepowe.rstationinDetroitarerevolutionarybecausetheyaremadeofsuperconductors.Asuperconductorisamaterialthattransmitselectricitywithlittleornoresistance.Resistanceisthedegreetowhichasubstanceresistselectriccurrent.Allmonelectricalconductorshaveacertainamountofelectricalresistance.Theyconvertatleastsomeoftheelectricalenergypassingthroughthemintowasteheat.Superconductorsdon't.Nooneunderstandshowsuperconductivityworks.Itjustdoes.Makingsuperconductorsisn'teasy.Asuperconductormaterialhastobecooledtoanextremelylowtemperaturetoloseitsresistance.Thefirstsuperconductors,mademorethan50yearsago,hadtobecooledto-263degreesCelsiusbeforetheylosttheirresistance.Newersuperconductingmaterialslosetheirresistanceat-143degreesCelsius.ThesuperconductorscableinstalledattheFrisbiestationismadeofaceramicmaterialthatcontainscopper,oxygen;bismuth(铋),strontium(偲),andcalcium(钙).Aceramicisahard,strongpoundmadefromclayorminerals.Thesuperconductingceramichasbeenfashionedintoatapethatiswrappedlengthwis.earoundalongtubefilledwithliquidnitrogen.Liquidnitrogenissupercoldandlowersthetemperatureoftheceramictapetothepointwhereitconveyselectricitywithzeroresistance.TheUnitedStateslosesanenormousamountofelectricityeachyeartoresistance.Becausecooledsuperconductorshavenoresistance,theywastemuchlesspower.OthercitiesarewatchingtheFrisbieexperimentinthehopethattheymightswitchtosuperconductingcableandconservepower,too.1.Whatisthebenefitoftherevolutionmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Withaflipofswish,electricitycanbetransmitted.B.OtherAmericancitiescanbenefitfromthehigh-perfo——rraancecables.C.Greatamountsofpowercanbeconserved.D.Detroitwillfirstreceiveelectricitytransmittedbythenewelectricalcables.2.paredtomonelectricalconductors,superconductorsA.havelittleornoelectricalresistance.B.canbeusedforalongtime.C.arenotenergy-efficient.D.canbemadeeasily.3.Atwhattemperaturedoesthesuperconductingceramicloseitsresistance?A.-143degreeCelsius.B.-263degreeCelsius.C.Aslongasitisice-cold.D.Absolutezero.4.Whatelementenablestheceramictapetoloweritstemperature?A.Copper.B.Liquidnitrogen.C.Clay.D.Calcium.5.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Othercitieshopetheycanalsoconservepower.B.Othercitie