2023春国家开放大学-02806高级英语（2）-期末考试题带答案

单选题1、_________fortwoweeks,theyfeltpreparedfortheexam.

正确选项1.Havingstudied(V)

2、_________thelight,shelefttheroom.

正确选项1.Turningoff(V)

3、_________towork,wesawanaccident.

正确选项1.Driving(V)

4、“IwasgettingupwhenIheardacrash.”Thissentencemeans:_____

正确选项1.I'djustturnedthealarmclockoff.(V)

5、Afterthey_____dinner,theywentout.

正确选项1.hadfinished(V)

6、Atthetimeofthewedding,they_____togetherforsixyears.

正确选项1.hadbeengoingout(V)

7、Clarissa'sfailedallherexams!What___?

正确选项1.isshegoingtodo(V)

8、Dowereallyhavetofillinalltheseforms?It'sso_________.

正确选项1.tiresome(V)

9、Don'tletyourbrotherbossyouaround:_______!

正确选项1.standuptohim(V)

10、I_________ridingamotorbikeinthisweatherifIwereyou.

正确选项1.wouldn'trisk(V)

11、Ihurtmyankle_________tennis.

正确选项1.playing(V)

12、Iknowyouhateyourjob,butyou'llhavetolive_________itforthetimebeing.

正确选项1.with(V)

13、I'dreallyliketobeaphotographerandspendthe_________daytakingphotographs!

正确选项1.whole(V)

14、I'dhavecalledanambulanceifI_________myphonewithme.

正确选项1.hadhad(V)

15、Ifhe_________acrashhelmet,hisinjurieswouldbemuchworse.

正确选项1.didn'twear(V)

16、Ifhe_________amorecarefuldriver,hewouldn'thaveskiddedofftheroad.

正确选项1.were(V)

17、I'mgladIsawthatfilm,itreally_______.

正确选项1.cheeredmeup(V)

18、It'samazinghowmanypeople_________theirhealthbysmoking.

正确选项1.endanger(V)

19、Just____dirtydishesinthesink.I'llwashthem.

正确选项1.leave(V)

20、Lastnight'sstormwasthemost_________we'vehadallyear.

正确选项1.destructive(V)

21、Mybossissodemanding,Icanneverlive_________hisexpectations.

正确选项1.upto(V)

22、Oneday___married.

正确选项1.I'llget(V)

23、Onlyafewofourfeaturesarewrittenbyourjournalists:weget_________ofthemfromfreelancewriters.

正确选项1.most(V)

24、Wealllistenedcarefullyasthewriterexplainedthe_________behindherbook.

正确选项1.thinking(V)

25、WhenLucyleftthecompany,weallhadto___extrawork.

正确选项1.takeon(V)

26、Whenourexcitementfinallydied_________,werealisedwhatthemillion-poundwinmeant.

正确选项1.away(V)

27、Youlookabit_________.Maybeyoushouldtakesomeextravitamins.

正确选项1.run-down(V)综合题

IntheUnitedStates,acompanymaybea“corporation,partnership,association,joint-stockcompany,trust,fund,ororganizedgroupofpersons,whetherincorporatedornot,and(inanofficialcapacity)anyreceiver,trusteeinbankruptcy,orsimilarofficial,orliquidatingagent,foranyoftheforegoing.”IntheUS,acompanyisnotnecessarilyacorporation.

InEnglishlawandintheCommonwealthrealmsacompanyisabodycorporateorcorporationcompanyregisteredundertheCompaniesActsorsimilarlegislation.Itdoesnotincludeapartnershiporanyotherunincorporatedgroupofpersons,althoughsuchanentitymaybelooselydescribedasacompany.

Acompanycanbedefinedasan“artificialperson”,invisible,intangible,createdbyorunderLaw,withadiscretelegalentity,perpetualsuccessionandacommonseal.Itisnotaffectedbythedeath,insanityorinsolvencyofanindividualmember.

Therearevarioustypesofcompanythatcanbeformedindifferentjurisdictions,butthemostcommonformsofcompany(generallyformedbyregistrationunderapplicablecompanieslegislation)are:

Acompanylimitedbyguarantee.Commonlyusedwherecompaniesareformedfornon-commercialpurposes,suchasclubsorcharities.Themembersguaranteethepaymentofcertain(usuallynominal)amountsifthecompanygoesintoinsolventliquidation,butotherwisetheyhavenoeconomicrightsinrelationtothecompany.ThistypeofcompanyiscommoninEngland.Acompanylimitedbyguaranteemaybewithorwithouthavingsharecapital.

Acompanylimitedbyshares.Themostcommonformofcompanyusedforbusinessventures.Specifically,alimitedcompanyisa“companyinwhichtheliabilityofeachshareholderislimitedtotheamountindividuallyinvested”withcorporationsbeing“themostcommonexampleofalimitedcompany.Thiscanbeapubliccompanyorprivatecompany.”ThistypeofcompanyiscommoninEngland.

Acompanylimitedbyguaranteewithasharecapital.Ahybridentity,usuallyusedwherethecompanyisformedfornon-commercialpurposes,buttheactivitiesofthecompanyarepartlyfundedbyinvestorswhoexpectareturn.ThistypeofcompanymaynolongerbeformedintheUK,althoughprovisionsstillexistinlawforthemtoexist.

Alimited-liabilitycompany.“Acompany—statutorilyauthorizedincertainstates—thatischaracterizedbylimitedliability,managementbymembersormanagers,andlimitationsonownershiptransfer”,i.e.,L.L.C.

Anunlimitedcompanywithorwithoutasharecapital.Ahybridentity,acompanywheretheliabilityofmembersorshareholdersforthedebts(ifany)ofthecompanyarenotlimited.Inthiscasedoctrineofveilofincorporationdoesnotapply.

1、1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutcompanyisnottrueaccordingtothepassage?

正确选项1.Acompanyisvisible.(V)

2、2.ThemaindifferenceinthedefinitionofcompanyintheUSandtheUKisthat__________.

正确选项1.intheUS,acompanyisnotnecessarilyacorporationwhileintheUK,itis(V)

3、3.Themostcommonformsofcompanyincludethefollowingexcept__________.

正确选项1.acompanylimitedbyassets(V)

4、4.Themostcommonformofcompanyusedforbusinessventuresis__________.

正确选项1.acompanylimitedbyshares(V)

5、5.Theword“hybrid”mighthavethesimilarmeaningto__________.

正确选项1.mixed(V)

AskanyaudiencememberofthehugelypopularSpielbergfilmCatchMeIfYouCan,andtheywillprobablyadmitthattheywererootingfortheyoungconartist.Althoughhewasacriminal,FrankAbagnalewasalsoateenagerwhowassimplytoosmartforhisowngood.

Bornin1948,FrankW.Abagnalewasalwaysacreativechild.Forexample,hewouldbuyitemsonhisfather'screditcardonlytosellthembacktotheshopforthecash.Buthisreallifeofcrimebeganwhenhisparentsdivorced.Ajudgewantedhimtochoosebetweenlivingwithhismotherorfatherandthatwasadecisionhewasn'tabletomake.Soheranawayandneverlookedback.Becausehewasonlysixteenyearsold,workwashardtocomebyinNewYork,thecityhehadescapedto.Luckilyforhim,hewassixfeettallandhishairhadbeguntoturngrey;helookedolderthanhereallywas.Hechangedanumberonhisdriver'slicencefroma‘4’toa‘3’andallofasuddenhewastenyearsolder.

Withatotalof$100tohisname,hewentintoabanktoopenanaccount.That'swhenhewasfirstintroducedtobankingoperationprocedures.Beinganewclient,hedidnothaveachequebookwithprinteddepositslipsinhisname,sohehadtouseablankdepositslipfromapileonthecounter.Anditwasthenthathehadaningeniousidea:whatifhetookahandfuloftheslipshomeandprintedhisaccountnumberontheminmagneticink,thenreturnedthemtothecounter?Temptedtoseewhatwouldhappenwithaschemelikethat,hediditonimpulse.Theresultwasthateverytimesomeonemadeadepositusingtheseslips,themoneywentstraightintoAbagnale'sownaccount.Bythetimethebankdiscoveredthesystem,Abagnalehadmadeover$40,000andalreadychangedhisidentity.

Abagnale'smostfamousstuntwasimpersonatingaPanAmpilotfortwoyears.Atfirst,hediditsohecouldtravelaroundtheworldforfree–althoughhehadnoideahowtofly.Hewouldsimplyintroducehimselfattheairlinecounter,sayingheneededaride,andflybackusingthespareseatbehindthepilot.Everything,includinghisfoodandlodging,wasbilledtoPanAm.

Asfarascredentialswent,allheneededwasauniformandanidentificationcard.Fortheformer,hesimplycontactedtheairlineheadquartersandmadeupastoryabouthowhisuniformhadbeenlost,andtheyoutlinedthecourseofactionforhim.Forthelatter,herequestedasamplewithhisnameandpicturefromacompanyspecialisinginIDcards,andusedatransferofthePanAmlogofromamodelplanetogiveauthenticitytothecard.Hebecameknownas‘TheSkywayman’.

Usingthesameremarkableskills,heforgedaHarvardLawdiplomaandmanagedtopassthebarexamofLouisiana,enablinghimtogetajobinastateattorneygeneral'soffice.Impersonatingapediatrician,hebecamethetemporaryresidentsupervisorataGeorgiahospital.HealsotaughtSociologyatBrighamYoungUniversityforaterm(thankstoafalseColumbiaUniversitydegree),andmasqueradedasastockbrokerandanFBIagent.Thebestpartofallwasthathedidn'tevenhaveahigh-schooldiploma!Overfiveyears,heassumedtheidentitiesofFrankWilliams,RobertConrad,FrankAdamsandRobertMonjo–Abagnalemanagedtoforgeandcashchequesforatotalof$2.5million.Thismoneywasusedtosupporthislifestyle,whichinturnwasdesignedtomakehimseemmoreattractive.Hehasalwaysclaimedthathewasanopportunist,anddidn'thaveanymaliciousintentionswhileperpetratinghiscrimes.

Beforelong,hehaddefraudedpeopleinallfiftystatesoftheUSAandtwenty-sixforeigncountries.Warrantswereissuedforhisarrestallovertheworld.Afterfiveyearsoftheseescapades,thelawfinallycaughtupwithFrankAbagnale.Whenhewastwenty-one,anAirFranceflightattendantrecognisedhimfromawantedposterandtheFrenchauthoritiesarrestedhim.HeservedatotaloffiveyearsinprisoninFrance,SwedenandfinallytheUnitedStates,wherehewassentencedtotwelveyears.In1974,thefederalgovernmentapproachedhimandofferedhimadeal;theyreleasedhimontheconditionthathewouldhelptheauthorities,withoutpayment,tounderstandtheinnerworkingsoffraudandconfidencetricks.

Afterhisrelease,Abagnaletriedseveraljobs,butfoundthemunsatisfying,soheapproachedabankwithanoffer.Heexplainedwhohewasandwhathehaddone,andofferedtospeaktothestaffandshowthemthevarioustrickshehadusedtodefraudbanks.Naturally,theywereimpressed,andhebeganalegitimatecareerasaconsultant.HelaterfoundedAbagnale&Associates,whichadvisesfinancialinstitutionsandlawenforcementagenciesonhowtopreventthesamecrimeshesobrilliantlycommitted.Morethan14,000financialinstitutionsandlawenforcementagenciesusehisfraudpreventionprogrammes,andhehasbecomeoneoftheworld'smostrespectedauthoritiesonforgery,embezzlementandotherformsofwhite-collarcrime.

Heisnowamulti-millionaire,andhaswillinglypaidbackallthemoneyhestole.Heisalsoaregularspeakerontheconferencecircle,andwasvotedtheNo1CampusSpeakerinAmericabytheNationalEntertainmentCollegeConferenceAssociation.

Abagnaleadmitsthatlifeontherunwaslonely,andnotasglamorousasitissometimesportrayedinHollywood.Nowafamilyman,heregretshispastandconfessesthatalthoughhestillgetsideasaboutinterestingscams,hewouldneveractonthem.Heiscertainthecrimeofthefuturewillbeidentitytheftandthattoday'stechnologymakesitaloteasier.Heclaimsthattodayhecouldflipopenaslimlaptop,powerupasmallprinterandhaveaccesstoyourpersonalandfinancialinformationwithinfiveortenminutes–allthankstotheInternet.

Hisnewmissioninlifeistoconvincetheworldofit.

1、1、Whatkindoftextisit?

正确选项1.abiography(V)

2、2、Whydidtheauthorwritethetext?

正确选项1.toinformandinterestus(V)

3、3、WhichofthefollowingcrimesdidFrankAbagnaleNOTcommit?

正确选项1.hijacking(V)

4、4、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueofFrankAbagnale?

正确选项1.Hedidnotpassanyexams.(V)

5、5、Whatisthemainpointthattheauthorismaking?

正确选项1.Abagnalehasalwaysusedhistalentstomakehimselfrich.(V)阅读理解（判断题）

Readthearticleandthenjudgethestatementsaretrue(T),false(F)ornotinformed(NI).(2pointseach,10points)

Doyourealisethatyourbodylanguageistellingpeopleawholerangeofthingsthatyoumaynotbeconsciousof?Inthisintroductiontoherseriesonnonverbalcommunication,RebeccaCrippsgivesustentoptipsforinterpretingandusingtheunspokencode.

Eyecontactisoneofthemostimportantaspectsofbodylanguage,especiallywithpeoplewe'vejustmet:itshowsrespectandinterestinwhattheyhavetosay.IntheUKpeopletendtokeepeyecontactaroundsixtytoseventypercentofthetime.Anymorethanthisandyoucanbetoointense,anylessandyousignalalackofinterestinthepersonortheirconversation.

Postureisthenextthingtomaster:getyourposturerightandyou'llautomaticallystartfeelingbetter.Nexttimeyounoticeyou'refeelingabitdepressed,takealookathowyou'restandingorsitting.Chancesareyou'llbeslouchedoverwithyourshouldershangingdownandinwards.Thisflattensthechestandpreventsgoodbreathing,whichinturncanmakeyoufeelandlooknervousoruncomfortable.

Headpositionisagreatonetoplayaroundwith.Whenyouwanttobeauthoritativeandwhatyou'resayingtobetakenseriously,keepyourheadstraightbothhorizontallyandvertically.Conversely,whenyouwanttobefriendlyandinareceptive,listeningmode,tiltyourheadjustalittletoonesideorother.

Armsgiveawaycluesastohowopenandreceptivewearetoeveryoneweinteractwith,sokeepyourarmsouttothesideofyourbodyorbehindyourback.Thisshowsyouarenotscaredtotakeonwhatevercomesyourway.Ingeneraltermsthemoreoutgoingyouareasaperson,themoreyoutendtousebigarmmovements.Thequieteryouare,thelessyoumoveyourarmsawayfromyourbody.Sotrytostrikeanaturalbalance.Whenyouwanttocomeacrossinthebestpossiblelight,crossingthearmsisanono.Obviouslyifsomeonesayssomethingthatreallyannoysyou,thenbyallmeansshowyourdisapprovalbycrossingthem!

Legsarethefurthestlimbsfromthebrain,consequentlythey'rethehardestbitsofourbodiestocontrolconsciously.Theytendtomovearoundalotmorethannormalwhenwearenervousorbeingdeceptive.Soit'sbesttokeepthemasstillaspossibleinmostsituations.Becarefultoointhewayyoucrossyourlegs.Doyoucrossattheknees,anklesorbringoneleguptorestonthekneeoftheother?Justbeawarethatthelastpositionmentionedisknownasthe“FigureFour”andisgenerallyperceivedasthemostdefensivelegcross.

1、1Youneedtokeepeyecontactforatleastseventypercentofthetimeifyouwanttoshowinterestinaperson.

正确选项1.F(V)

2、2Youcanlooknervousifyouarenotbreathingproperly.

正确选项1.T(V)

3、3Noddingyourheadshowsauthority.

正确选项1.F(V)

4、4Youshouldkeepyourarmsoutofsightinordertolookconfident.

正确选项1.F(V)

5、5Ifyouwanttomakeagoodimpression,don'tcrossyourarmsorlegs.

正确选项1.T(V)配伍题1、CultureClash?

ItwastheWorldCupFinalofFrance'98thatsparkedtheintroductionoftelevisionintoBhutan.The3–0victoryofthehomesideoverBrazilwaswatchedbythousandsonabigscreeninBhutan'sNationalSquare.____1_____Sixmonthsafterthat,globalTVbroadcastingwasallowedin.Itwasthisseconddevelopmentthatreallymadepeoplewakeuptolifeinthetwentiethcenturyandcausedprofoundchange,accordingtoTVanalystShockshanPeck.‘Youngpeoplearenowmuchmoreintunewithglobalisationandwhatishappeningaroundtheworld,’shesays.‘Theriskisthatthemorewelearnabouttheworld,themoreweloseofourownculture.’

Bhutanhasnofilmindustrytospeakof,andafteradietofculturalandeducationalprogrammesfromBBS,someBhutanesebegantolookforsomethingalittlemorespicy.____2_____TheTVavalanchebegan,andalongwithitcameachangeinpeople'slifestyles.Residentsofthecapital,Thimphu,saytheyarenowgluedtotheTVforseveralhoursaday,andoftenstayuplatetowatchthenon-stopstreamofprogrammes.Long-runningIndiansoapoperasbeamedfromacrosstheborderarehotfavourites.Oneviewer,ChokiWangmo,saysthatherchildrengooutandplayless,andthattelevisiondominatesfamilydiscussionsthesedays.Herson,Ugyen,admitsthathisstudiesareaffectedbecausehecannotconcentrateintheclassroom.‘Ikeepthinkingaboutwhatwillhappennextinthestory,’hesays.

Alsopopulararecartoons,footballmatches,andthewrestlingseriesfromtheUS.____3_____KinleyDorji,editorofBhutan'sonlynewspaper,saysthatwhenTVfirstcamein,hereceivedseveralpainedlettersfromstudents,sayingtheywereshocked.‘Bhutanesekidswhohavegrownupinthisquietcountry,thisveryrusticsociety,suddenlysawthesebigmenbeatingeachotherupontelevision.Theycouldn'tunderstandit.’____4_____‘Wereceivedareportfromaschoolwhereastudentbrokehisarmafterbeingthrowntothegroundbyhisfriend,whowasemulatingthewrestlers.’

KinleyDorjisaysthattelevisionis‘splitting’Bhutanesesociety.Heexplainsthatthethinkinginthecountryisthatitwillneverbeamilitaryoreconomicpower,soitsstrengthmustbeitsuniquesociety.HebelievesthatTVrepresentsadirectthreattothis.____5_____‘Ifyoulookattheitemsbeingstolen,likeTVsets,taperecordersandclothes,it'sdirectlyrelatedtowhatthey'reseeing,’headds.1：________Itwassuchasuccessthatayearlater,onthetwenty-fifthanniversaryofhiscoronation,thekingdecidedtobegintheBhutanBroadcastingService(BBS).2：________Sotheyturnedtomulti-channelTV,throughsatelliteinthecountrysideandcableinthetowns.3：________ThelatterisatthecentreofadebateabouttheinfluenceoftelevisiononBhutan'syoungpeople.4：________However,itwasnotlongbeforethechildrenstarteddoingitthemselves.5：________Healsolinkstelevisiontoariseincrimeovertheperiodthatithasbeenbroadcasting.2、Whenpeopletalkaboutglobaltravel,theythinkofexpensive___1____shipsandhotelsorsightseeingtourstofamousplaces.However,globaltravelhaschangedalotinrecentyears.Now,notalltra