2023年考研考博-考博英语-四川大学历年高频考题黑钻摘选版附带答案

2023年考研考博-考博英语-四川大学历年高频考题黑钻摘选版附带答案（图片大小可自由调整）答案解析附后第1卷一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题TherearemanysuperstitionsinBritain,butoneofthemost（1）heldisthatitisunluckytowalkunderaladderevenifitmeans（2）thepavementintoabusystreet!（3）youmustpassunderaladderyoucan（4）badluckbycrossingyourfingersand（5）themcrosseduntilyouhaveseenadog.（6）,youmaylickyourfingerand（7）acrossonthetoeofyourshoe,andnotlookagainattheshoeuntilthe（8）hasdried.Anothercommon（9）isthatitisunluckytoopenanumbrellainthehouse—itwilleitherbring（10）tothepersonwhoopeneditortothewhole（11

）.Anyoneopeninganumbrellainfineweatheris（12

）,asitinevitablybringsrain!Thenumber13issaidtobeunluckyforsome,andwhenthe13thdayofthemonth（13）onaFriday,anyonewishingtoavoidabadeventhadbetterstay（14）,theworstmisfortunethatcanhappentoapersoniscausedbybreakingamirror,（15）itbringssevenyearsofbadluck!Thesuperstitionissupposedto（16）inancienttimes,whenmirrorswereconsideredtobetoolsofthegods.BlackcatsaregenerallyconsideredluckyinBritain,eventhoughtheyare（17）witchcraft...Itis（18

）luckyifablackcatcrossesyourpath—althoughinAmericatheexactoppositebeliefprevails.Finally,acommonlyheldsuperstitionisthatoftouchingwood（19

）luck.Thismeasureismostoftentakenifyouthinkyouhavesaidsomethingthatistemptingfate,suchas“mycarhasnever（20）,touchwood?”问题1选项A.broadlyB.widelyC.quicklyD.speedily问题2选项A.runningfromB.jumpingoffC.steppingoffD.keepingfrom问题3选项A.IfB.AsC.ThoughD.Unless问题4选项A.eraseB.removeC.avoidD.ease问题5选项A.keepB.keepingC.keptD.tokeep问题6选项A.ConsequentlyB.HoweverC.ComparativelyD.Alternatively问题7选项A.makeB.printC.performD.produce问题8选项A.labelB.symbolC.markD.cut问题9选项A.argumentB.superstitionC.opinionD.idea问题10选项A.lossB.difficultyC.tragedyD.misfortune问题11选项A.houseB.householdC.homeD.circle问题12选项A.unwiseB.unintelligentC.unpopularD.unfortunate问题13选项A.fallsB.arrivesC.dropsD.happens问题14选项A.awayB.outdoorsC.indoorsD.far问题15选项A.whenB.asC.ifD.though问题16选项A.haveoriginatedB.beoriginatingC.originatedD.beoriginate问题17选项A.concernedaboutB.relatedwithC.associatedwithD.connectedin问题18选项A.especiallyB.speciallyC.frequentlyD.rarely问题19选项A.asB.forC.inD.of问题20选项A.brokenupB.brokenoffC.brokenawayD.brokendown2.单选题Puttinginanewwindowwill（）cuttingawaypartoftheroof.问题1选项A.includeB.involveC.containD.comprise3.单选题____thesightofthepoliceofficers,themenranoff.问题1选项A.InB.AtC.OnD.With4.单选题Hewill（）resigninviewofthecompletefailureoftheresearchproject.问题1选项A.doubtfullyB.adequatelyC.presumablyD.reasonably5.单选题“ThatEnglishfellow’ssongsareveryportic.”“（）thewordstothesongs,buthealsocomposesthemusic.”问题1选项A.HealsowriteB.AlthoughhewritesC.NotonlydoeshewriteD.Itisnotallthathewrites6.单选题Whilesomeofficejobswouldseem（）tomanypeople,therearequiteafewjobsthatarestimulating,excitingandsatisfying.问题1选项A.hostileB.tediousC.fantasticD.courageous7.单选题ThesimplewoodenhousesitsinanunremarkableoldneighborhoodinanOsakasuburb,thekindofplacepeopleforgetstillexistsinmodemJapan.Therearenopachinkoparlorsorcybercafes—noshopsofanykind,really.It'sanunlikelyplacetoencounterthenextversionofJapan'stechnologicalevolution.Butlistentowhathappenswhenagray-hairedseptuagenariannamedKazukoKomiyamareturnsaftervisitingfriends,"Welcomehome,"avoicechirps."Isn’titaniceday?”Thehigh-pitchedgreetingbelongstoarobot.It’sasimplemachine,tobesure.Thisisn'tathoughtfulroboticcharacterlikethosefoundinaStarWarsmovie,orlikeJapan’sownpopularcreationAstroBoy.Butit’sarobotnonetheless:achocolate-brownwombatthateventuallywillbeable,toflutteritseyeswhenKomiyama,77,enterstheroomandgigglewhenshescratchesitsfuzzylittlehead.Ittellsherwhattheweatherislike.Itremindsherwhenit’stimetotakehermedicine.Itsingssweetsongstoher.ForKomiyama,amechanicalcompanionisaguardagainstthedreadfullonelinessmanyelderlyJapanesemustendure.ShesawonesuchtragicstoryonaTVnewsshowrecently.“Anoldman'sdeathwentunnoticedbecausehelivedalone,”shesays.“Dayafterday,hisdiaryread,‘Ididn'tmeetanybodytoday.Again.’Idon’twanttoenduplikethat.”SowhenwelfareworkersfromtheOsakasuburbofIkedaaskedforvolunteerstotesttheprototypeofMatsushitaElectricIndustrialCo.'spetrobot,shejumpedatthechance.Shekeepstherobotsittinginherlivingroom.Afteramonth,she’sstartingtowarm-uptothething,despiteoneirritatinghabit“Itspeakswithachildishvoice,”shecomplains.“ThatmakesmefeellikeI’mtreatedasanoldperson.Iwouldratherhaveanequalrelationshipwitharobot.”ThisismodemJapan,aGizmoNationwhereevengrandmothersmakefriendswiththeirgadgets.Forhalfacentury,theJapanesehavemadeitaculturalmissiontoturnoutasuccessionofcool,elegantandincreasinglyhumanmachines.Andwhatmachinestheyhavebecome:roboticgeishas;headgearthatprojectscomputerscreensinmidairinfrontofwearers'eyes;toiletsthatmeasureaperson’sweight,bodyfatandurinesugarlevels.Thecountrythatgavetheworldtransistorradios,theWalkmanandhand-heldvideogamesisnowpositionedtoturnitsloveofgadgetryintoaprofitablenationalenterpriseonceagain.1.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat（）.2.WhogigglesafterKomiyamacomesintotheroomaccordingtothepassage?3.WecaninferfromthethirdparagraphthatnowadaysmanyoldpeopleinJapanare（）.4.Thephrase"warm-upto"inthethirdparagraphcanbemostlikelyreplacedby（）.5.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasoneoftherolestherobotscanplay?问题1选项A.itisimpossibleforpeopletofindhigh-techrobotsinasimplewoodenhouseB.itiseasyforpeopletothinkofasimplewoodenhouseinthemodemJapanC.KomiyamausuallygoestoacoffeerestauranttoreleaseherlonelinessD.Komiyamahasamechanicalcompanionwhosevoiceisverysharpandshort问题2选项A.TheoldwomanKomiyamaherself.B.Komiyama'sfantasticpetrobotC.AmechanicalcompanioninStarWars.D.AnaughtyJapan'screationAstroBoy.问题3选项A.treatedasoldpersonsB.verylonelyintheirlifeC.enjoyingthemselvesD.nottakengoodcareof问题4选项A.becomewarmerandwarmerB.prepareforagamewiththerobotC.starttolikeorbefriendlywithD.approachtoorcomeupto问题5选项A.Helpfulinstruments.B.Friendlycompanions.C.Entertainingmachines.D.Instructiveeducators8.翻译题Arecentphenomenoninthechoiceofcareersonthepartofthecollegegraduatesistheincreasingtrendtowardsbigcompanies.Fewareinterestedinresearchfields.Thisisanunavoidableprobleminamaterialisticsociety,wheretemptingsalariesandfringebenefitsareofferedbybigcompaniestocompetewitheachothertorecruitstudentsbeforetheyhavecompletedtheirstudies.Ontheotherhand,asmanybigenterprisesandevengovernmentdepartmentstendtoconcentrateonimmediateeconomicresultsandshowcomparativelylittleinterestinlongrangeresearch,thereisasteadyshiftofscientistsandresearchersfromthepureresearchtotheappliedfield,wheretherearemorejobsavailablewithbettersalaries.Allthishasnotonlyseriouslyinfluencedyoungpeople’sviewonthechoiceofcareers,butoneducationaswell.Manycollegeteachersdeplorethatfewerandfewerstudentsthesedaysacquireknowledge.9.单选题Itisimportantthatanundergraduate（）agradepointaverageofBinhismajorfield.问题1选项A.maintainsB.maintainC.willmaintainD.shallmaintain10.单选题Thecommandersaidtohistroopsthatundernocircumstances（）tostepacrosstheborder.问题1选项A.theenemyshouldbeallowedB.shouldtheenemybeallowedC.shouldallowtheenemyD.theenemyshouldallow第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:A第4题:C第5题:B第6题:D第7题:A第8题:C第9题:B第10题:D第11题:B第12题:C第13题:A第14题:C第15题:B第16题:A第17题:C第18题:A第19题:B第20题:D【解析】（1）副词辨析。broadly大体的；widely广泛的。根据原文：在英国有许多迷信，但其中最广为流传的是...选项B符合原文。（2）runningfrom飞奔似的逃离；jumpingoff跳下来；steppingoff步测；keepingfrom隐瞒，阻止。从人行道上走到繁忙的街道上,用stepoff。（3）这里指假设：如果你一定要从梯子下走过...。（4）霉运只能避开，不能消除，所以选项C正确。（5）根据and前面的crossing可知这里也应该用ing形式。所以选项B正确。（6）根据下文的内容可知，这里指避开霉运的另一种方法，选项D正确。（7）makeacross为固定搭配，意为画十字。（8）根据原文可知，填空处填入的词指代上句提到的在鞋上画的十字。用mark最恰当。（9）上文提到的一个迷信已经描述完毕，这里指另一个迷信，选项B正确。（10）上文提到的迷信会给人带来不幸（unlucky），这里也指不幸，所以选项B正确。（11）根据原文可知，在室内撑伞不仅给个人,甚至会给家庭带来不幸，选项B正确。（12）原文指：不论是谁,在天气好的时候撑伞都是不受欢迎的，因为这必然会导致下雨。选项C符合语境。（13）fallon为固定搭配，意为轮到,恰逢。原文指：当这个月的第13天恰好是星期五时...（14）根据原文：当这个月的第13天恰好是星期五时，要是想避开不好的事情，最好是待在家里。stayindoors指待在家里，符合句意。（15）根据原文：一个人最大的不幸是打碎了镜子，因为这会带来好几年的坏运气。选项B符合句意。（16）原文指过去发生的事情对现在的影响,所以用现在完成时。选项A正确。（17）将...与...联系在一起用associatedwith。concernedabout关心，担忧；relatedwith使相关，使符合，这里没有被动的意思，所以不选B；connected一般与to搭配。所以选项C正确。（18）根据句意：如果有一只黑猫穿过你面前的路，你那就特别幸运了。选项A符合句意。specially专门地；frequently频繁地；rarely罕见地。（19）for表目的,原文指：触摸木头,以此来获得好运。（20）根据原文：如果你认为自己说了一些冒险的话，比如“我的车从没坏过，碰木头吧?”选项D符合句意。breakup分手；breakoff断裂；breakaway挣脱；breakdown损坏。2.【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。include包括,包含；involve卷入,涉及；contain容纳,牵制；comprise构成。句意:安装一个新窗户需要把屋顶的一部分切掉。include一般用于被动语态,比如sth.includedin...某物包含于其中,所以选项B更符合句意。3.【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。atthesightof…相当于onseeing...指一看见...就...。句意：那些人一看见警察就跑了。inthesightofsb.指在某人看来,不符合句意。所以本题选B。4.【答案】A【解析】undoubtfully无疑地,毫无疑问地；adequately充足地,适当地;presumably据推测，大概,可能,想来;reasonably合情合理地。句意：毫无疑问，由于该研究项目彻底失败,他将辞去职务。5.【答案】C【解析】notonly...butalso...为固定搭配。句意：他不仅自己作词,还自己作曲。6.【答案】B【解析】hostile敌对的,充满敌意的；tedious单调乏味的；fantastic极好的；courageous勇敢的。根据句意可知,填空处应该是和下文提到的刺激,令人兴奋和令人满意相反意义的词。所以选项B符合句意。7.【答案】第1题:A第2题: