Unit 7 In the future 第1课时 基础知识及拓展 【知识精讲+对点专练】 七年级英语下册精讲精练（牛津上海版）

Leadin—快乐轻松驿站

AManWhoSaidNoAfriendofminenoticedamanstaggeringaboutintheTimesSquaresubwaystation.Awell-dressedWallStreettype,hiscoatwasunbuttoned,abriefcasedangledfromhishandandhe'dobviouslyhadonetoomany.Askedifhewasallright,themangaveaslurredbutaffirmativeresponse.However,myfriendsimplycouldnotseesomeonebravetheroughmawofaNewYorksubwaywithouttryingtohelp.Hefollowedthechap,andagainasked,"Areyousureyou'reallright?Whatsubwayareyoulookingfor?Doyouneedhelpgettinghome?"Atlast,theobjectofhisattentionssnarled,inalowvoice,"Leavemealone!I'manundercovercop!"沪教版英语七年级第二学期Unit7Inthefuture一、新课单词讲解1.signv.签名；n.标志

signaturen.签名['sɪgnətʃə]◆Signhere,please.Hesignedhisnameonthecontract（合同）.◆Wherecanweseethissign?Thesignsays“noparking”.◆Iwantthefamoussinger’ssignature.2.ableadj.有能力的beabletodosth.◆（经过努力）而能做…managetodosth. succeedindoingsth.(1)beableto与can的意思相近，均可表“有能力的”◆Heisableto/candrive.Hewasableto/couldrunveryfast.(2)beableto可以有多种时态变化，且能与某些情态动词（can除外）连用；can不可以。◆Hehasnotbeenabletogotoschoolforaweek.Youmightbeabletopersuade（说服）him.Ihopetobeabletodothework.3.planetn.行星我们常说的star为恒星，比如thesun。而月亮属于satellite卫星。◆Theplanetsmovearoundthesun.Marsisthefourthplanetinorderfromthesun.火星是太阳系的第四颗行星。◆课外词汇拓展：Sun太阳；solar太阳的；moon月亮；lunar月亮的；Mercury水星；Venus金星；Earth地球；Mars火星；Jupiter木星；Saturn土星；Uranus天王星；Neptune海王星；Pluto冥王星；galaxy星系4.mealn.餐；一顿饭Theycookedtheirownmeals.他们自己做饭吃。指点迷津：dinner与meal(1)dinner指“正餐（午饭或晚饭）”或“宴会”。Cometodinnerwithustonight.今晚和我们共进晚餐吧。(2)meal指“一餐（一顿饭）”而言。Wehavethreemealsaday.我们每天吃三顿饭。5.secretadj.秘密的；保密的；n.秘密secretlyadv.秘密地；保密地secretaryn.秘书（复数：secretaries）◆keepasecret/keepsecretsKeepsecretsforsb.为某人保守秘密◆Wediscoveredasecretpassage（通道）behindthewall.What’sthesecretofbakinggoodbread?6.takepillsformeals服药片代替吃饭pillsn.药片，药丸◆Shehadtotakesleepingpills（安眠药）everynight.medicinen.药品（总称）◆takethemedicine吃药mealn.餐，一顿饭（可数）◆Wehavethreemealsaday.Myfatherlikestousetoothpickaftermeals.辨析meals，breakfast，lunch，supper◆表示一日三餐的名词包括breakfast,lunch,supper，原则上说它们是不可数的。Breakfastisserved（供应）until9a.m.Iusuallyhaveasandwichforlunch.Couldyousetthetableforsupper?◆如果要表示具体的“量”，可用some,much,alotof等修饰。如：Shedoesn’teatmuchbreakfast.Shealwayseatsverylittlesupper.Takehersomebreakfastonatray（托盘）.◆但是被描绘性形容词的修饰时，如果不是特指，前面要用不定冠词，此时a=akindof。Wehadaverylatelunch.Hetakesapackedlunchtoworkeveryday.Afteraquickbreakfast,hehurriedtothestation.◆另外，有时它还可用于复数形式，表示不同种类等。Weservehotandcoldlunches.◆take的常用表达：takephotos拍照

takeexams参加考试

takepartinactivities参加活动

takeoffone’scoat脱下某人的外套

theplanetakesoff.飞机起飞7.hopen.&v.希望hopefuladj.有希望的

hopeless无望的hopefullyadv.有希望地hopelessly无望地◆常用表达：hopetodosth./hope+that从句◆Myhopeistobeateacherinthefuture.（名词）IhopethatIwillbeateacherinthefuture.（动词+that从句）Ihopetoseeyouandyourfamilysoon.（动词+不定式）8.everyone

pron.每人；人人I'msureeverybodyelsewillagreewithme.我敢说其他人都会同意我的想法。【近义词】everybody

pron.每人；人人

指点迷津：everyone与everyoneeveryone相当于everybody，是代词，意为“每个人；人人；大家”，不具体指哪一个人。它作主语时，谓语用第三人称单数形式。EveryoneishereexceptTom.除汤姆外，大家都到了。everyone只能指人，不能指物；everyone既可指人，也可指物。Everyone/Everyoneinourclasslikesplayingfootball.我们班人人都喜欢踢足球。Thereissomethingwrongwitheveryoneofthebikes.这些自行车每辆都有毛病。everyone可以和of连用构成短语，而everyone则不能。Everyoneofusisgettingreadyfortheexam.我们每个人都在为考试做准备。9.keepv.(1)作及物动词时：◆保留，保存，保持，留下We’dbetterkeepaseatforhim.◆遵守（反义词：break）Everybodymustkeepthelaw.◆赡养；饲养Theoldmankeepsmanyanimalslikedogs,pigsandcatsandsoon.◆经营，管理Hekeptahotelinthiscity.◆保守（秘密），记（日记）Someofthemkeepdiaries.◆使...处于某种状态Hekeptmewaitingforhalfanhour.(2)作不及物动词时：◆保持，继续（处于某种状态）Pleasekeepquiet.Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.◆（食物）保持良好状态Willthisfishkeeptilltomorrow?10.infuture在（从现在起）不久的将来=fromnowon◆Don’tdothatinfuture.You’dbetternotgooutaloneinfuture.inthefuture（真正意义上的）将来，包括infuture在内的较远的将来一段时间。◆Whoknowswhatwillhappeninthefuture?11.perhaps也许（maybe,probably）◆Perhapstheplanewilltakeoffinthreehours.Maybetheplanewilltakeoffinthreehours.Theplanewillprobablytakeoffinthreehours.12.talkabout讨论，谈论◆Wecantalkabouttheproblematthemeeting.◆常用表达：talkaboutsth.讨论某事talkwithsb.和某人交谈talkaboutsth.Withsb.和某人讨论某事

近义词辨析：talk/tell/speak/say1）.talk强调双方“交谈”，一般用作不及物动词。◆Whataretheytalkingabout?Heistalkingwithafriend.2）.tell“告诉、告知”，指某人把某一件事、一条信息传送给别人或讲述一件事，常用做及物动词。◆常用表达：tellsb.sth.tellsb(not)todosth.◆Hetoldthechildrennottoplayinthestreet.Whatdidyourmothertellyoujustnow?3）.speak“说话”，作不及物动词，常指说话的能力和方式；作及物动词，其后的宾语为某种语言。◆常用表达：speaktosb.speakChinese◆MayIspeaktoMr.Green?（电话用语：我可以和XXX说话吗？）JoecanspeakalittleChinese.4）.say“说出、说过”，强调说话的内容，一般用作及物动词。◆常用表达：saytosb.◆Heoftensays“hello”tomewithasmile.IcansayitinEnglish.Hesaystome,“Ilikemyhometown.”I.Fillintheblankswiththeproperwordsintheirproperforms.1.Tomputsome

(piece)ofpaperinthetimebox.2.Wemuststop

(pollution)theEarth.3.Inthefuture,wewillbuild

(city)underthesea.4.Peoplefromdifferent

(country)cometovisitShanghaieveryyear.5.Peoplewillbeabletounderstandeachother

(well)thanbefore.6.Wehave

(entrance)anewcentury.【Keys】1.pieces2.polluting3.cities4.countries5.better6. entered【随堂小练】II.Choosetherightwordtocompletethesentence.1.Whatdidyouhave

breakfasttoday?(for/with)2.Let'stalk

thestorylater.(about/with)3.

wantstoattendtheconcert.(Everyone/Every)4.Theplanets

aroundthesun.(moves/move)5.Please

itattheendoftheletter.(signature/sign)【Keys】1.for2.about3.Everyone4.move5.signDailyexpressions.日常表达1.enteranewcentury进入一个新世纪2.liveonotherplanets生活到其他的行星上3.growvegetablesinspacestations在宇宙空间站种蔬菜4.citiesunderthesea海底的城市5.learnfromcomputersathome在家里的电脑上学习6.understandeachotherbetter更好互相地理解7.traveltootherplanetsinspacecraft乘宇宙飞船去其他的行星旅游8.intenyears’time=intenyears9.terribleairpollution糟糕的空气污染10.makeatimebox做一个时间盒11.writedownone’shopes写下某人的愿望12.sealsth.withtape用胶布密封某物13.becomeanastronaut成为一名宇航员I.Fillintheblankswiththewordsintheirproperforms.1.Peoplewillbe

(enable)toliveonthemooninthefuture.2.Boysandgirls,pleasetakegoodcareof

(you).3.Theycanunderstandeachother

(well)thanbefore.4.FranceandSwitzerlandareEuropean

(country).5.TheSmithsmovedintotheirnewflatwhichisonthe

(eight)floor.6.Doyouthinkpeoplewillliveinspace

(station)?7.Helpyourselves,

(one).8.Iwill

(possible)bebacktoJapannextmonth.【随堂小练】I.1.able2.yourselves3.better4.countries

5.

eighth6.stations7.everyone8.possibly用所给单词的正确形式填空1．Jimwasgoodat____________(draw)whenhewasalittlechild.2．Youwillhaveanotheropportunityto____________

(interview)him.3．Finallythefiremensavedthelittlegirlunderthedamagedbuilding__________(success).4．Youcanmakea____________

(choose)amongthoseprogrammes.5．Ispent200yuan____________

(buy)theMP3.6．Iwouldlike____________(be)abiologistwhenIgrowup.【答案】1．drawing2．interview

3．successfully

4．choice5．buying6．tobe【解析】1．句意：当吉姆是一个小孩的时候，他就擅长画画。begoodatdoing擅长做某事；故填drawing

2．句意：你将会有另外一个机会采访他。haveanopportunitytodosth有做某事的机会；故填interview

3．句意：最后消防人员成功的把那个小女孩在毁坏的建筑下救了出来。副词修饰动词saved；故填successfully

4．句意：你能在这些节目当中做一个选择。makeachoice做一个选择；故填choice5．句意：我花了200元买这个MP3。spend+钱+（in）doingsth买某物花多少钱；故填buying点睛：spend,/cost/take/pay都可以表示花费。spend主语是人，1spendtime/moneyonsth在---上花时间、金钱。2spendtime/money(in)doingsth花费时间或金钱做某事；cost主语是物或某种活动，sthcostsmoney某物花了多少钱；take通常是一个固定结构ittakessbtimetodosth做某事花了某人多长时间；pay主语是人，pay

moneyforsth买某物花了多少钱。6．句意：当我长大的时候，我想当一个生物学家。wouldliketodo想做某事；故填tobe7．Look!Theyarelisteningtotheteacher_________.(careful).8．Iwas________(surprise)toseesomanytigersinthezoo.9．Fivedays________(late),hecametomyhomeagainandtookawaythatcomputer.10．Mostofthefamilieshaveat________(little)oneTVnow.11．Alicefound________(her)aloneinalong,lowhall.【答案】7．carefully8．surprised9．later10．least11．herself【解析】试题分析：7．结合语境及所给单词，可知句意为：看！他们正在认真地听老师讲课。故填副词carefully，仔细地，做状语。8．结合语境及所给单词，可知句意为：在动物园里面看到很多老虎，我感到很惊讶。故填形容词surprised，惊讶的，做表语。9．结合语境及所给单词，可知句意为：五天后，他又来到我家，取走了那台电脑。一段时间+later表示在多久之后，故填later，更晚的。10．结合语境及所给单词，可知句意为：现在大部分家庭最少有一台电视机了。短语atleast最少，故填形容词最高级least，最少的。11．结合语境及所给单词，可知句意为：爱丽丝发现她自己在一个长长的，低矮的大厅里面。故填反身代词herself，他自己，作宾语。考点：考查词形变换12．Iwon’tbeeasy_____________(forget)you.13．Our_____________(dream)willallcometrueoneday.14．Theyhavelotsofgood____________(memory)onthefarmwithus.15．Astudentwonders____________(know)moreinformationofthatseniorhighschool.16．I___________(wish)youthebestinthefuture.【答案】12．toforget13．dreams14．memories15．toknow16．wish【解析】12．句意：我不会轻易忘记你。easytodo轻而易举做某事，固定结构；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填toforget。13．句意：总有一天我们的梦想会成真。本句缺主语，形容词性物主代词our后面需接名词；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填dreams。14．句意：他们和我们在农场有很多美好的回忆。lotsof许多的，后接复数名词；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填memories。15．句意：一个学生想知道那所高中的更多信息。wondertoknow想知道；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填toknow。16．句意：我祝愿未来你是最好的。wish用于表达祝愿，根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填wish。A．wonderful

B．famous

C．travel

D．so

E.sickCompletethefollowingpassagewiththewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.DearAnita,Inyourlastletteryouaskedmeaboutmyplansforthefuture.First,Iwillfinishhighschool.ThenIwillgotocollegeandstudytobeadoctor.Iwanttohelp____17____people.I’mgoingtolearnalotaboutillness.I’llbefamousandIwillbecomever