2023年考研考博-考博英语-河北农业大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案

长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。住在富人区的她2023年考研考博-考博英语-河北农业大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案第1卷一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题Here______youwanttosee.问题1选项A.comesthegirlB.comedoesthegirlC.thegirlcomesD.comingthegirlis2.单选题Shecannotfindherdictionarynow.Ithinkthatshe____itintheclassroom.问题1选项A.hastoleaveB.musthaveleftC.leftD.willleave3.单选题Forgoodorill,globalizationhasbecometheeconomicbuzz-wordofthe1990s.Nationaleconomiesareundoubtedlybecomingsteadilymoreintegratedascross-borderflowsoftrade,investmentandfinancialcapitalincrease.Consumersarebuyingmoreforeigngoods,agrowingnumberoffirmsnowoperateacrossnationalborders,andsaversareinvestingmorethaneverbeforeinfar-flungplaces.Whetherallofthisisforgoodorillisatopicofheateddebate.Onepositiveviewisthatglobalizationisanunmixedblessing,withthepotentialtoboostproductivityandlivingstandardseverywhere.Thisisbecauseagloballyintegratedeconomycanleadtoabetterdivisionoflaborbetweencountries,allowinglow-wagecountriestospecializeinlabor-intensivetaskswhilehigh-wagecountriesuseworkersinmoreproductiveways.Itwillallowfirmstoexploitbiggereconomiesofscale.Andwithglobalization,capitalcanbeshiftedtowhatevercountryoffersthemostproductiveinvestmentopportunities,nottrappedathomefinancingprojectswithpoorreturns.Criticsofglobalizationtakeagloomierview.Theypredictthatincreasedcompetitionfromlow-wagedevelopingcountrieswilldestroyjobsandpushdownwagesintoday’sricheconomies.Therewillbearacetothebottomascountriesreducewages,taxes,welfarebenefitsandenvironmentalcontrolstomakethemselvesmorecompetitive.Pressuretocompetewillerodetheabilityofgovernmentstosettheirowneconomicpolicies.Thecriticsalsoworryabouttheincreasedpoweroffinancialmarketstocauseeconomichavoc,asintheEuropeancurrencycrisesof1992and1993,Mexicoin1994-1995andSouth-EastAsiain1997.1.Nationaleconomiesarebecomingmoreintegratedasaresultof________.2.Globalizationhasthepotentialtoboostproductivityandlivingstandardseverywherebecause________.3.Accordingtothepositiveview,globalizationcan________.4.Asaresultofglobalization,allofthefollowingmighthappenEXCEPT________.5.Theauthorofthepassageholdsa/an________attitudetowardglobalization.问题1选项A.moreandmoreconsumersgoingabroadtobuygoodsB.increasingflowsofcross-boardertrade,investmentandfinancialcapitalC.manycompaniesestablishingnewbusinessesD.saversinvestingmoreindevelopedareasthanindevelopingcountries问题2选项A.itallowsfirmstoestablishmorebranchesinlow-wagecountriesB.itencouragesrichcountriestoprovidemoreeconomicsupporttopoorcountriesC.itenableslow-wagecountriestohavemorecross-bordertradeandinvestmentD.itmakeslaborsworkincountrieswheretheyaremostneededandbestused问题3选项A.allowlow-wagecountriestouseworkersinmoreproductivewaysB.helplow-wagecountriesgetridoflabor-intensiveeconomyC.causecapitaltoshifttocountrieswherethereisgreatestfundshortageD.enablefirmstoexploitbiggereconomiesofscale问题4选项A.unemploymentrateinricheconomiesmightincreaseB.environmentalproblemsinsomecountriesmightworsenC.competitivenessoflow-wagecountriesmightweakenD.economichavocmightoccurinsomepartsoftheworld问题5选项A.objectiveB.pessimisticC.optimisticD.worried4.单选题Hisfamilyhadalmostforgotten______like.问题1选项A.howhisfacewasB.whichwashisfaceC.whathisfacewasD.thathisfacewas5.单选题Thetheoryofplatetectonicsdescribesthemotionsofthelithosphere,thecomparativelyrigidouterlayeroftheEarththatincludesallthecrustandpartoftheunderlyingmantle.Thelithosphereisdividedintoafewdozenplatesofvarioussizesandshapes,ingeneraltheplatesareinmotionwithrespecttooneanother.Amid-oceanridgeisaboundarybetweenplateswherenewlithosphericmaterialisinjectedfrombelow.AStheplatesdivergefromamid-oceanridgetheyslideonamoreyieldinglayeratthebaseofthelithosphere.SincethesizeoftheEarthisessentiallyconstant,newlithospherecanbecreatedatthemid-oceanridgesonlyifanequalamountoflithosphericmaterialisconsumedelsewhere.Thesiteofthisdestructionisanotherkindofplateboundary:asubductionzone.Thereoneplatedivesundertheedgeofanotherandisreincorporatedintothemantle.Bothkindsofplateboundaryareassociatedwithfaultsystems,earthquakesandvolcanism,butthekindsofgeologicactivityobservedatthetwoboundariesarequitedifferent.Theideaofsea-foodspreadingactuallyprecededthetheoryofplatetectonics.Initsoriginalversion,intheearly1960’s,itdescribedthecreationanddestructionoftheoceanfloor,butitdidnotspecifyrigidlithosphericplates.ThehypothesiswassubstantiatedsoonafterwardbythediscoverythatperiodicreversalsoftheEarth’smagneticfieldarerecordedintheoceaniccrust.Asmagmarisesunderthemid-oceanridge,ferromagneticmineralsinthemagmabecomemagnetizedinthedirectionofthegeomagneticfield.Whenthemagmacooksandsolidifies,thedirectionandthepolarityofthefieldarepreservedinthemagnetizedvolcanicrock.Reversalsofthefieldgiverisetoaseriesofmagneticstripesrunningparalleltotheaxisoftherift.Theoceaniccrustthusservesasamagnetictaperecordingofthehistoryofthegeomagneticfieldthatcanbedatedindependentlythewidthofthestripesindicatestherateofthesea-floorspreading.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,thereareapproximatelyhowmanylithosphericplates?3.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttectonicplates?4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthelithosphereisLEASTlikelytobetrue?5.WhatdoestheauthorimplyabouttheperiodicreversaloftheEarth’smagneticfield?问题1选项A.Magneticfieldreversal.B.Theformationofmagma.C.Thelocationofmid-oceanridges.D.Platetectonictheory.问题2选项A.Six.B.Twelve.C.Twenty-fourormore.D.Onethousandninehundred.问题3选项A.Theyaremovinginrelationshiptooneother.B.Theyhaveunchangingborders.C.Theyarelocatedfarbeneaththelithosphere.D.Theyhavethesameshape.问题4选项A.ItisarelativelyinflexiblelayeroftheEarth.B.Itismadeupentirelyofvolcanicash.C.ItincludesthecrustandsomeofthemantleoftheEarth.D.Itisdividedintoplatesofvariousshapesandsizes.问题5选项A.Itisinexplicable.B.Itsupportsthehypothesisofsea-floorspreading.C.Itwasdiscoverybeforethe1960’s.D.Itindicatestheamountofmagmapresent.6.单选题Thesedesksandseatscanbe______totheheighttoanychild.问题1选项A.adaptedB.adoptedC.adjustedD.attached7.翻译题一天中我最喜欢的是最后那段时刻——至少是醒着的最后那段时刻。我再三努力不让眨动的眼皮合上，不让书本掉落在胸前，这时候我知道真的该入睡了。我深情地把书放在身边的床上。我们一起入睡——我和我的书，我和书中的人物，我和交杂的梦境，都一起入睡。躺在床上看书似乎成了家传。上一次母亲帮我照看孩子时，我回到家里发现整幢房子一片漆黑，只有两处微弱的灯光。一处在我儿子的房间，我看到八岁的儿子拿着一本书，打着电筒躲在被窝里看书。房子的那头，母亲拿着书已经打起盹来。8.翻译题Almostallourmajorproblemsinvolvehumanbehavior,andtheycannotbesolvedbyphysicalandbiologicaltechnologyalone.Whatisneededisatechnologyofbehavior,butwehavebeenslowtodevelopthesciencefromwhichsuchatechnologymightbedrawn.(1)Onedifficultyisthatalmostallofwhatiscalledbehavioralsciencecontinuestotracebehaviortostatesofmind,feelings,traitsofcharacter,human,nature,andsoon.Physicsandbiologyoncefollowedsimilarpracticesandadvancedonlywhentheydiscardedthem.(2)Thebehavioralscienceshavebeenslowtochangepartlybecausetheexplanatoryitemsoftenseemtobedirectlyobservedandpartlybecauseotherkindsofexplanationshavebeenhardtofind.Theenvironmentisobviouslyimportant,butitsrolehasremainedobscure.Itdoesnotpushorpull,itselects,andthisfunctionisdifficulttodiscoverandanalyze.(3)Theroleofnaturalselectioninevolutionwasformulatedonlyalittlemorethanahundredyearsago,andtheselectiveroleoftheenvironmentinshapingandmaintainingthebehavioroftheindividualisonlybeginningtoberecognizedandstudied.Astheinteractionbetweenorganismandenvironmenthascometobeunderstood,however,effectsonceassignedtostatesofmind,feelings,andtraitsarebeginningtobetracedtoaccessibleconditions,andatechnologyofbehaviormaythereforebecomeavailable.Itwillnotsolveourproblems,however,untilitreplacestraditionalpre-scientificviews,andthesearestronglyentrenched.Freedomanddignityillustratethedifficulty.(4)Theyarethepossessionsoftheautonomous(self-governing)manoftraditionaltheory,andthey’reessentialtopracticesinwhichapersonisheldresponsibleforhisconductandgivencreditforhisachievements.Ascientificanalysisshiftsboththeresponsibilityandtheachievementtotheenvironment.Italsoraisesquestionsconcerningvalues.Whowilluseatechnologyandtowhatends?(5)Untiltheseissuesareresolved,atechnologyofbehaviorwillcontinuetoberejected,andwithitpossiblytheonlywaytosolveourproblems.9.单选题Ataboutthesametime,doctorsbegantounderstand______together.问题1选项A.whichwentdirtanddiseaseB.whatwentdirtanddiseaseC.thatdirtanddiseasewentD.thatdiddirtanddiseasego10.单选题Eatingtoomuchfatcan______heartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.问题1选项A.contributetoB.attributetoC.attendtoD.devoteto第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】A【解析】考查倒装句。句意：你想见的女孩来了。here位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式，倒装句中的谓语动词come和go不能用进行时态，所以A选项comesthegirl符合题意。因此A选项正确。2.【答案】C【解析】考查过去时态。根据句意：她现在找不到字典了。我想她把它Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE____

教室里了。应用过去时，故只有C符合。3.【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:D第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.事实细节题。根据第一段第二句Nationaleconomiesareundoubtedlybecomingsteadilymoreintegratedascross-borderflowsoftrade,investmentandfinancialcapitalincrease.（随着贸易、投资和金融资本的跨境流动增加，各国经济无疑正逐渐变得更加一体化。），可知各国经济一体化的原因是B选项“跨境贸易、投资和金融资本流动增加”，A选项“越来越多的消费者到国外购买商品”，C选项“许多公司正在建立新的业务”和D选项“发达地区的储蓄者比发展中国家的储蓄者投资更多”不符合题意。因此B选项正确。2.推理判断题。根据第二段第三句Thisisbecauseagloballyintegratedeconomycanleadtoabetterdivisionoflaborbetweencountries,allowinglow-wagecountriestospecializeinlabor-intensivetaskswhilehigh-wagecountriesuseworkersinmoreproductiveways.（这是因为全球一体化的经济可以导致国家之间更好地分工，使低工资国家能够专门从事劳动密集型工作，而高工资国家以更富有成效的方式使用工人。），可知这是因为全球一体化让分工更明确，从而使效率更高，D选项“它使劳动力在最需要和最有效利用的国家工作”正确。A选项“它允许公司在低工资国家建立更多的分支机构”，B选项“它鼓励富裕国家向贫穷国家提供更多的经济支持”和C选项“它使低工资国家有更多的跨境贸易和投资”不符合题意。因此D选项正确。3.事实细节题。根据第二段倒数第二句Itwillallowfirmstoexploitbiggereconomiesofscale.（它将允许企业利用更大的规模经济。），可知在积极派看来，D选项“使公司能够开发更大的规模经济”符合题意。A选项“允许低工资国家以更有效的方式使用工人”，B选项“帮助低工资国家摆脱劳动密集型经济”和C选项“导致资本转移到资金短缺最严重的国家”文章没有提到，故错误。因此D选项正确。4.推理判断题。根据第三段第二句Theypredictthatincreasedcompetitionfromlow-wagedevelopingcountrieswilldestroyjobsandpushdownwagesintoday’sricheconomies.（他们预测，低工资的发展中国家竞争加剧，将破坏就业机会，压低今天富裕经济体的工资水平。），可知全球化可能导致低工资国家的竞争力加强，富裕经济体的失业率上升，A选项“富裕经济体的失业率可能会上升”符合文章内容，C选项“低工资国家的竞争力可能会减弱”错误。B选项“一些国家的环境问题可能会恶化”：根据第三段第三句countriesreducewages,taxes,welfarebenefitsandenvironmentalcontrolstomakethemselvesmorecompetitive（各国为了提高竞争力而削减工资、税收、福利和环境控制），可知全球化可能加剧环境问题，符合文章内容。D选项“有的地方可能会出现经济混乱方”：根据文章最后一句Thecriticsalsoworryabouttheincreasedpoweroffinancialmarketstocauseeconomichavoc（批评者还担心金融市场力量的增强会造成经济混乱），可知全球化可能造成经济混乱，符合文章内容。因此C选项正确。5.观点态度题。作者讲了乐观者和悲观者对全球经济一体化的观点，并没有表达自己对此的看法，A选项“客观的”正确。B选项“悲观的”，C选项“乐观的”和D选项“担心的”不符合题意。因此A选项正确。4.【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：他的家人几乎已经忘记了他长的什么样子。根据句型itislike…，得出C选项whathisfacewas符合题意。因此C选项正确。5.【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:A第4题:B第5题:B【解析】1.主旨大意题。作者在文章第一段第一句交代了Thetheoryofplatetectonicsdescribesthemotionsofthelithosphere（板块构造理论描述的是岩石圈的运动），随后对此话题进行展开，D选项“板块构造理论”正确，A选项“磁场逆转”，B选项“岩浆的形成”和C选项“洋中海脊的位置”是文章的部分内容，不足以概括全文。因此D选项正确。2.事实细节题。根据第一段第二句Thelithosphereisdividedintoafewdozenplatesofvarioussizesandshapes（岩石圈被划分为几十个大小和形状各异的板块），可知C选项“24个或更多”符合题意。A选项“6”，B选项“12”和D选项“1900”不符合题意。因此C选项正确。3.推理判断题。根据第一段第二句ingeneraltheplatesareinmotionwithrespecttooneanother（通常这些板块都处于相对运动中），可知A选项“它们在相对位移”正确。B选项“它们的边界不变”和D选项“它们的形状相同”：根据第二段第二、三句Thereoneplatedivesundertheedgeofanotherandisreincorporatedintothemantle.（在那里，一块板块俯冲到另一块板块的边缘之下并与地幔结合在一起。），可知边界会改变，形状也不会相同。C选项“它们位于岩石圈深处”：根据第一段第一句Thetheoryofplatetectonicsdescribesthemotionsofthelithosphere（板块构造理论描述岩石圈的运动），可知板块构造包括整个岩石圈。因此A选项正确。4.推理判断题。根据第三段第二句Initsoriginalversion,intheearly1960’s,itdescribedthecreationanddestructionoftheoceanfloor,butitdidnotspecifyrigidlithosphericplates.（在20世纪60年代它的理论雏形中，描述了海底的生成和毁灭，但没有详细介绍坚硬的岩石圈板块。），可知这一段讲述的是海洋中岩石圈的情况，不是所有的，没有普遍性，B选项“它完全由火山灰构成”过于绝对，不符合文章内容。A选项“它是地球上一个相对不灵活的层”：根据第二段第一句SincethesizeoftheEarthisessentiallyconstant,newlithospherecanbecreatedatthemid-oceanridgesonlyifanequalamountoflithosphericmaterialisconsumedelsewhere.（由于地球的大小本质上是不变的，只有同等数量的岩石圈物质在其它地方被吞没，新的岩石圈才能生成。），可知岩石圈物质总体没有质的变化，只有数的变化，所以即使有生有灭，但是相对不灵活，符合文章内容。C选项“它包括地球的地壳和部分地幔”：根据第一段第一句thecomparativelyrigidouterlayeroftheEarththatincludesallthecrustandpartoftheunderlyingmantle（岩石圈是相对坚硬的地球外层，包括全部地壳和部分地幔。），可知符合文章内容。D选项“它被分成各种形状和大小的板块”：根据第一段第二句Thelithosphereisdividedintoafewdozenplatesofvarioussizesandshapes（岩石圈被划分为几十个大小和形状各异的板块），可知符合文章内容。因此B选项正确。5.推理判断题。根据第三段第一句Theideaofsea-foodspreadingactuallyprecededthetheoryofplatetectonics.（海产品传播的观点实际上早于板块构造理论。）和第三句ThehypothesiswassubstantiatedsoonafterwardbythediscoverythatperiodicreversalsoftheEarth’smagneticfieldarerecordedintheoceaniccrust.（这个假设不久之后为发现所证实。该发现表明地球磁场周期性的逆转被记录在海洋地壳中。），可知作者讲述地球磁场的周期性逆转是为了支持海底扩张假说，B选项“支持海底扩张假说”正确，A选项“这无法解释”错误。C选项“在20世纪60年代之前被发现”：根据第三段第二句Initsoriginalversion,intheearly1960’s（在20世纪60年代，它的理论雏形中），可知这