2021届广东省天河区高中毕业班综合测试英语试题（二）（ 含答案解析 ）

第1页/共1页2021届天河区高中毕业班综合测试(二)第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASeptemberisoneoftheverybestmonthstovisitFrance.Notonlywillyougettoenjoyplentyofsunshineandwarmweather,butthetouristseasonisbeginningtowinddown-whichmeanscheaperairfares,lowerpricesathotels,andfewercrowds.IfthisisyourfirsttriptoFrance,hereissomehandyinformationtohelpyougetstartedplanningyourvacation!GoWineTastingSeptemberisthebeginningofthegrapeharvestseasoninFrance,meaningthereareplentyofwine-relatedeventsandfestivalsaroundthecountry.SoSeptemberisagreattimetovisitthevineyards(葡萄园)aroundthecountryandgowinetasting.TheBordeaux,LoireandBurgundyregionsarealllovelyandgreatplacestovisitvineyards.Besidesthat,goingtothecastlesoftheLoireregioninbetweenvisitingvineyardsonsuchwarmandsunnydaysisalsoveryenjoyable.TakeaBargeCruiseThetemperaturesareslightlylower,butplentyofsunshinemakesforperfectconditionstoenjoyabargecruiseonthecanalsofFrance.Withsuchcomfortableweatherandbeautifulsceneryatthistimeofyear,nothingequalshangingoutonthedeckofabarge.VisittheMuseumsManymuseumsinFrancehaveextendedopeninghoursduringthesummertoaccommodatetheextratouristsandlocals,andsomemuseumsalsohaveextendedopeninghoursintoSeptember.WanderingaroundtheLouvrewilltakeyouintoawonderworld,whereyoucanenjoyworld-famousart.GoingoutoftheLouvre,youcanwalktothemodemandfashionableChampsElyseestodosomeshopping.Besidestheabove,ridingabikethroughFrance’svillagesisalsoawelcomeactivityforyoungvisitorsinSeptember.So,don’thesitateandstarttoplanyourSeptembertriptoFrancenow.1.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeFranceinSeptember?A.Hotandquiet B.Coolandnoisy. C.Warmandquiet. D.Coldandnoisy.2.WhichregionshouldyougotoifyouwanttovisitbothVineyardsandcastles?A.Paris B.Bordeaux. C.Burgundy. D.Loire.3.Accordingtothetext,manyFrenchmuseumshaveextendedopeninghoursin________.A.December B.July C.May D.February【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍一些去法国旅游时的建议。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“SeptemberisoneoftheverybestmonthstovisitFrance.Notonlywillyougettoenjoyplentyofsunshineandwarmweather,butthetouristseasonisbeginningtowinddown-whichmeanscheaperairfares,lowerpricesathotels,andfewercrowds.(九月是访问法国最好的月份之一。你不仅可以享受充足的阳光和温暖的天气，而且旅游季节也开始结束，这意味着机票更便宜，酒店价格更低，人群更少。)”可知，九月份，法国天气温暖，人少，安静。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据GoWineTasting部分“TheBordeaux,LoireandBurgundyregionsarealllovelyandgreatplacestovisitvineyards.Besidesthat,goingtothecastlesoftheLoireregioninbetweenvisitingvineyardsonsuchwarmandsunnydaysisalsoveryenjoyable.(波尔多、卢瓦尔和勃艮第地区都是参观葡萄园的好地方。除此之外，在这样温暖晴朗的日子里，去卢瓦尔河地区的城堡参观葡萄园也是非常愉快的。)”可知，卢瓦尔河地区有城堡和葡萄园。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据VisittheMuseums部分“ManymuseumsinFrancehaveextendedopeninghoursduringthesummertoaccommodatetheextratouristsandlocals(法国的许多博物馆在夏季延长了开放时间，以容纳额外的游客和当地人)”可知，法国的许多博物馆在夏季延长了开放时间，即6月、7月和8月延长了开放时间。故选B。BAsafatheroffour,I’mconcernedabouthowtoleadmychildrentobegoodyoungmenandwomeninsuchanunstabletime.Ihavestudiedphilosophy,mysticism,andreligionmyentirelife.Theyprovidegreatlessonsinresponsibilityandgrowth.However,Ialsorecognizethat,atleastatthispointintheirlives,mychildrenarenotterriblyinterestedinsuchsubjects.WhileIwasreflectingonthis,IwasremindedofalineinasongIhadheardrecently.Itgoes,“fyouhadonlyonechancetosaysomething,whatwoulditbe?”Thatnight,IfoundmytwooldestkidsloungingonthecouchwatchingaTVshowthatfeaturedviolence,cursingandevensome“adultscenes”.Iquietlysatonachairnexttothem.Isawmyboystraightenup,andmygirlpretendedtoignoreme.Ididn’tmakeanyusualcommentsaboutthepointlessnessofsuchprograms.Ididn’tevenrollmyeyes,althoughthistooksomeeffort.Isimplyasked:Canyoutellmehowthiswillmakeyouabetterperson?Withoutaword,Igotupandlefttheroom.Abouttenminuteslater,tomysurprise,thechildrenwereintheirroomsdoingtheirhomeworkandthetelevisionwassilent.Remarkable.Thisphilosophycanchangethewayweliveourlives.Forexample,wheneverIfeelangryandgettheurgetolashout,Iaskmyself,“HowdoesthisactingorfeelingthewayIdorightnowmakemeabetterperson?“Ibegantorealizethatrarelydidmythoughtsoractionsresultinself-improvement.soImadeconsciouseffortstochangemymindsetandbehavior.Weallwanttobebetterfathers,mothers,sonsanddaughters.Betterworkers,betterleaders,betterlovers...thislistgoeson.Sometimessucceedingintheserolescanbetough.Butonequestionconnectsuswithallthosedutieswepossesstosocietyandourselves,“Isthismakingmeabetterperson?”WhateverIsaid,itworked.MydaughterhasbegunwatchingnatureprogramsinsteadofviolentTVshows,andshedecidedtogotoschooltobecomeacounselor.Mysontoldmehewantstobeapoliceofficer.4.WhenthewriterfoundhiskidswatchinginappropriateTVprogramsthatnight,heappeared________A.critical B.indifferent C.anxious D.calm5.Howcanthisphilosophychangethewayweliveourlives?A.BycalmingourselvesdownwhenweareangryB.ByprovidinguswithnewmindsetandbehaviorC.Byhelpingusrealizeourneedforself-improvementD.Byraisingaquestionaboutourcurrentactionandfeling6.Whydidthewriterthrowawayhisparentingmagazinesandbooks?A.Becausetheydidn’tofferhimanyhelp.B.Becausehiskidshadgrownoutofthem.C.Becausethatsinglequestionwasmoreuseful.D.Becausetheexpertadvicewastoomuchtofollow.7.Thewriterwrotethispassageto________A.introducealifephilosophybytellingaparentingstoryB.convinceteenagersofthedownsidestowatchTVC.callonotherparentstotrustthemselvesinsteadofexpertsD.informthereadersofhowhehelpedhiskidssetgoodgoals【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章作者通过讲述自己的育儿经历介绍了一个人生哲理。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Iquietlysatonachairnexttothem.Isawmyboystraightenup,andmygirlpretendedtoignoreme.Ididn’tmakeanyusualcommentsaboutthepointlessnessofsuchprograms.Ididn’tevenrollmyeyes,althoughthistooksomeeffort.Isimplyasked:Canyoutellmehowthiswillmakeyouabetterperson?(我静静地坐在他们旁边的椅子上。我看到我的男孩挺直了腰板，我的女孩假装不理我。我没有像往常一样评论这些节目的毫无意义。我甚至没有翻白眼，尽管这需要一些努力。我只是简单地问：你能告诉我这将如何让你成为一个更好的人吗？)”可知，当作者看到孩子们看不恰当的电视节目的时候，表现的很冷静。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Thisphilosophycanchangethewayweliveourlives.Forexample,wheneverIfeelangryandgettheurgetolashout,Iaskmyself,“HowdoesthisactingorfeelingthewayIdorightnowmakemeabetterperson?“Ibegantorealizethatrarelydidmythoughtsoractionsresultinself-improvement.soImadeconsciouseffortstochangemymindsetandbehavior.(这种哲学可以改变我们的生活方式。例如，每当我感到愤怒并有冲动发泄时，我都会问自己，“我现在的行为或感受是如何让我成为一个更好的人的？”我开始意识到，我的想法或行动很少能带来自我提升。因此，我有意识地努力改变自己的心态和行为。)”可知，这哲学可以让我们有意识地努力改变自己的心态和行为，最终改变我们的生活方式。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“I’vesincethrownawayallthoseparentingmagazinesandbooksI’vecollectedovertheyearsbecauseImademoreprogresswithasinglequestionthanIdidwithhundredsofpagesof“experts”advice.(从那以后，我扔掉了这些年来收集的所有育儿杂志和书籍，因为我在一个问题上比在数百页的“专家”建议上取得了更多的进步。)”可知，作者扔掉了这些年来收集的所有育儿杂志和书籍，因为那一个问题就够用了。故选C。7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Asafatheroffour,I’mconcernedabouthowtoleadmychildrentobegoodyoungmenandwomeninsuchanunstabletime.Ihavestudiedphilosophy,mysticism,andreligionmyentirelife.Theyprovidegreatlessonsinresponsibilityandgrowth.However,Ialsorecognizethat,atleastatthispointintheirlives,mychildrenarenotterriblyinterestedinsuchsubjects.WhileIwasreflectingonthis,IwasremindedofalineinasongIhadheardrecently.Itgoes,“fyouhadonlyonechancetosaysomething,whatwoulditbe?”(作为四个孩子的父亲，我很关心如何在这样一个不稳定的时代带领我的孩子成为优秀的年轻男女。我一生都在学习哲学、神秘主义和宗教。它们在责任和成长方面提供了很好的经验教训。然而，我也认识到，至少在他们生命的这一点上，我的孩子们对这些科目并不太感兴趣。当我思考这件事时，我想起了我最近听到的一首歌中的一句话。它说：“如果你只有一次说话的机会，那会是什么？”)”和最后一段“I’vesincethrownawayallthoseparentingmagazinesandbooksI’vecollectedovertheyearsbecauseImademoreprogresswithasinglequestionthanIdidwithhundredsofpagesof“experts”advice.(从那以后，我扔掉了这些年来收集的所有育儿杂志和书籍，因为我在一个问题上比在数百页的“专家”建议上取得了更多的进步。)”可知，作者写这篇文章是为了通过讲述自己的育儿故事介绍一个人生哲理。故选A。CWhenweseeapersonintrouble,thefirstideathatcomestoourmindistolendahand.Butwhatifweseeananimalintrouble,doesthesameruleapply?Thisquestionwasraisedafteragroupofpenguinsweresavedfromanicygully(峡谷)inAntarctica.ItwasfilmedfortheBBCwildlifeseriesDynasties.Thefilmcrewwereanxiouswhentheysawthatagroupofpenguinshadfallenintoagullyandbeentrappedwiththeiryoung.Theybuiltaslope(斜坡)sothatafewofthepenguinscouldsavethemselves.Thecasehastakentheinternationalmediabystorm.Viewerswatchingthisfilmsighedinrelief.“I'msoglad.Iunderstandnottakingactiondirectly,butahelpinghandisn'tbothering,right？”viewerKathrynShawsaidonherFacebook.However,othersthinkhumaninterference(干涉)isunnatural.“Youcan'thavesunshinethroughoutyourlife.Tohavedoneanythingelsewouldonlymakemattersworse.”saidtheshow'screatorDavidAttenborough,accordingtoTheTimes.Inthiscase,however,MikeGunton,theexecutiveproduceroftheseries,saidthatthiswasaone-offsituation.“Therewerenoanimalsgoingtosufferbyinterfering.Youweren'ttouchingtheanimalsanditwasjustfeltbydoingthis…Theyhadthechancenottohavetokeepslippingdowntheslope.”hetoldtheBBC.SuchcasesarefamiliartoPaulNicklen,wildlifephotographerforNationalGeographic.HetoldMetro,“Ifit'severapredator(捕食者)situation,nomatterhowgut­wrenching,youstayoutoftheway.Evenwhenyou'rewatchingamalepolarbeareatababybear.”“There'snorulebookinthosesituations.Youcanonlyrespondtothefactsthatarerightthereinfrontofyou.”WillLawson,theshow'sdirector,toldDailyMail.8.Whathasledtoaheatedmediadiscussion?A.Therescueofpenguinsfromagully.B.People'svariousremarksonpenguins.C.Somepenguins'sufferingsinagully.D.WaysoffilmingtheseriesDynasties.9.Whoholdsapositiveattitudetowardshumaninterference?A.DavidAttenborough.B.WillLawson.C.PaulNicklen.D.KathrynShaw.10.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheword“gut­wrenching”underlinedinParagraph6?A.Makingoneconfused.B.Makingoneheartbroken.C.Puttingoneindanger.D.Puttingoneinplace.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.NecessityofLendingaHandtoAnimalsB.ProtectAnimalsFromDyingOutC.HumanInterferenceonDangerousAnimalsD.HelpAnimalsinTroubleorNot【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当动物们面临危险时，我们是否要伸出援救之手，以及如何去保护它们脱险。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thefilmcrewwereanxiouswhentheysawthatagroupofpenguinshadfallenintoagullyandbeentrappedwiththeiryoung.Theybuiltaslope（斜坡）sothatafewofthepenguinscouldsavethemselves.（当摄制人员看到一群企鹅掉进沟里，和它们的幼崽被困在一起时，他们非常焦虑。他们建了一个斜坡，好让少数企鹅能保全自己。）”和第三段的“Thecasehastakentheinternationalmediabystorm（这个情况引起了国际媒体的轰动。）”可知，从峡谷中救出企鹅这一事件引起了大家的热议。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“I’msoglad.Iunderstandnottakingactiondirectly,butahelpinghandisn’tbothering,right?”viewerKathrynShawsaidonherFacebook.可知，“我很高兴。我理解不直接采取行动，但伸出援助之手并不麻烦，对吧?”观众KathrynShaw在她的脸书上说。由此可推知，KathrynShaw对帮助动物是很赞成的，故选D。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文语境大家对干涉动物的行为有不同观点，结合下文的”youstayoutoftheway.Evenwhenyou’rewatchingamalepolarbeareatababybear.”你不能干预。即使当你看到一只雄性北极熊吃小熊的时候。可知，果这是个捕食的情景，无论你是多么的心碎，你都不能干预。结合四个选项可知，此处用Makingoneheartbroken（心碎）最合句意。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。阅读文章，并结合第一段“Whenweseeapersonintrouble,thefirstideathatcomestoourmindistolendahand.Butwhatifweseeananimalintrouble,doesthesameruleapply?（当我们看到一个人陷入困境时，我们首先想到的是伸出援手。但是，如果我们看到一只动物陷入困境，同样的规则也适用吗？）和第二段“Thisquestionwasraisedafteragroupofpenguinsweresavedfromanicygully(峡谷)inAntarctica.（这个问题是在一群企鹅从南极洲一个冰冷的峡谷获救后提出的。）可知，本文就救助企鹅的视频引发的热议讲述了当动物面临危险时，我们是否要伸出援救之手，以及如何去保护它们脱险。因此，本文的最佳标题应为“是否帮助有困难的动物”。故选D。DCelebrityhasbecomeoneofthemostimportantrepresentativesofpopularculture.Fansusedtobecrazyaboutaspecificfilm,butnowthepublictendstobaseitsconsumptionontheinterestofcelebrityattachedtoanygivenproduct.Besides,fashionmagazineshavealmostabandonedthepracticeofputtingmodelsonthecoverbecausetheydon’tsellnearlyaswellasfamousfaces.Asaresult,celebritieshaverealizedtheirunbelievablypowerfulmarketpotential,movingfromadvertisingforothers’productstodevelopingtheirown.Celebrityclothinglinesaren’tacompletelynewphenomenon,butinthepasttheyweretypicallyaimedattheordinaryconsumers,andlimitedtoafewTVactresses.Todaythey’restartedbyfirst-classstarswhoseproductsenjoyequalfamewithsomeworldtopbrands.Themostsuccessfulstart-upshavebeenthosebycelebritieswithspecificpersonalstyle.Ascelebritiesbecomemoreandmoreexperiencedatthemarket,theyexpandtheirproductionscalerapidly,coveringalmostalltheproductsofdailylife.However,foreverysuccessstory,there’sarelatedwarningtaleofacelebritywhoovervaluedhisconsumerappeal.Nomatterhowfamoustheproduct’soriginis,ifitfailstoimpressconsumerswithitsownqualitiesitbeginstoresemble(类似)anexerciseinself-promotionalmarketing.Andoncetheinitialattentiondiesdown,consumerinterestmightfade,loyalty(忠诚)returningtotried-and-truelabels.Today,celebritiesfaceevenmoresevereembarrassment.Thepop-culturalcirclemightbebiggerthanever,butitsrateofturnoverhasspeededupaswell.Eachmisstepthreatenstoreduceacelebrity’sshelflife,andthesamenewspaperormagazinethatoncebroughthimfamehasnoproblempickinghimtopieceswhentheopportunityappears.Still,theselfpotentialforexpansionislimitless.Havingalreadyachievedgreatwealthandpublicrecognition,manycelebritiesseefashionasthenextfrontiertobeconquered.Asthesayinggoes,successandfailurealwaysgohandinhand.Theirsuccessasdesignersmightlastonlyashorttime,butfashion-likecelebrity-hasalwaysbeentemporary12.Fashionmagazinestoday________A.seldomputmodelsonthecover B.nolongerputcelebritiesonthecoverC.neednotworryaboutcelebrities’marketpotential D.judgethemarketpotentialofeverycelebritycorrectly13.“loyaltyreturningtotried-and-truelabels”inParagraph3impliesthat________.A.celebritybrandedproductscanbeaninstantsuccessB.toconsumers,qualitymattersmorethantheoutsideofproductsCordinaryconsumersaremoreconcernedwithpriceratherthanbrandnameD.consumer’senthusiasmforcelebritybrandedproductsprovestobeinconstant14.TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4indicatesthatanywrongstepwillpossibly________A.influencethepriceofacelebrity’sproductsB.cutshorttheartisticcareerofacelebrityinshowbusinessC.damagetheimageofacelebrityintheeyesofthegeneralpublicD.decreasethepopularityofacelebrityandthesalesofhisproducts15.Thepassageismainlyabout________A.celebrityandclothingindustry B.celebrityandfashiondesignC.celebrityandmarketpotential D.celebrityandpersonalstyle【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍名人和市场潜力的关系。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Besides,fashionmagazineshavealmostabandonedthepracticeofputtingmodelsonthecoverbecausetheydon’tsellnearlyaswellasfamousfaces.(此外，时尚杂志几乎放弃了将模特登上封面的做法，因为它们的销量不如名人。)”可知，时尚杂志几乎不把模特登上封面。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“However,foreverysuccessstory,there’sarelatedwarningtaleofacelebritywhoovervaluedhisconsumerappeal.Nomatterhowfamoustheproduct’soriginis,ifitfailstoimpressconsumerswithitsownqualitiesitbeginstoresemble(类似)anexerciseinself-promotionalmarketing.Andoncetheinitialattentiondiesdown,consumerinterestmightfade,loyalty(忠诚)returningtotried-and-truelabels.(然而，对于每一个成功的故事，都有一个名人高估了自己的消费者吸引力的相关警告故事。无论产品的原产地有多有名，如果它不能用自己的品质打动消费者，它就开始像是自我推销的练习。一旦最初的关注消退，消费者的兴趣可能会消退，忠诚度会回归到久经考验的真实品牌。)”可知，对消费者们来说，产品质量最重要。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Today,celebritiesfaceevenmoresevereembarrassment.Thepop-culturalcirclemightbebiggerthanever,butitsrateofturnoverhasspeededupaswell.Eachmisstepthreatenstoreduceacelebrity’sshelflife,andthesamenewspaperormagazinethatoncebroughthimfamehasnoproblempickinghimtopieceswhentheopportunityappears.(如今，名人们面临着更加严重的尴尬。流行文化圈可能比以往任何时候都大，但其更替速度也在加快。每一次失误都有可能缩短名人的保质期，而曾经让他成名的同一家报纸或杂志在机会出现时毫无问题地将他撕成碎片。)”可知，名人们的一次错误都将会让他个人和代理的产品不受消费者们喜欢。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Celebrityhasbecomeoneofthemostimportantrepresentativesofpopularculture.Fansusedtobecrazyaboutaspecificfilm,butnowthepublictendstobaseitsconsumptionontheinterestofcelebrityattachedtoanygivenproduct.Besides,fashionmagazineshavealmostabandonedthepracticeofputtingmodelsonthecoverbecausetheydon’tsellnearlyaswellasfamousfaces.Asaresult,celebritieshaverealizedtheirunbelievablypowerfulmarketpotential,movingfromadvertisingforothers’productstodevelopingtheirown.(名人已经成为流行文化最重要的代表之一。影迷们过去对某部特定的电影很着迷，但现在公众倾向于将其消费建立在名人对任何特定产品的兴趣之上。此外，时尚杂志几乎放弃了将模特登上封面的做法，因为它们的销量不如名人。因此，名人们意识到了他们难以置信的强大市场潜力，从为他人的产品做广告转向开发自己的产品。)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍名人和市场潜力的关系。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverboughtagiftforafriend,simplybecauseit’sagiftthatyoulikeyourself?___16___Suchactivityiscalled“socialprojection(投射)”andisthefocusofnewmarketingresearch.Thestudy,“ILovetheProduct,butWillYou?TheRoleofInterpersonalAttachmentStylesinSocialProjection,”isauthoredbyDavid,anassistantprofessorofmarketing,andpublishedinPsychology&Marketing.Researchresultsarebasedonthesurveysof1,272people.Theresearchrevealsthatpeoplewhoare“secure”ininterpersonalsettingsaretheonesmostlikelytoengageinsocialprojection.Conversely(相反)，thosewhoare“anxious”insuchsettingsarelesslikelytoassumethatotherssharetheirownpreferences.___17___“You’dthinkthatsecurepeoplewhotendtobeolder,inacommittedrelationshipandearnahigher-incomewithlotsoffriendsandhealthypersonalrelationshipswouldhaveabetterideaofwhatsomeonewouldlikeasagift.___18___Davidsaid.“Thisresearchshowsthatindividualswhoareanxiousininterpersonalsituationsandwhohavefewerclose,personalrelationshipsarebetteratpredictingwhatapersonmaylike.”___19___Anxiousindividuals,onthecontrary,tendtobeyoungerandearnalowerincome.Securelyattachedpersons,whoarepeopleexpectingotherswillbeavailableandsupportivewhenneeded,aremorelikelytochooseagiftbasedontheirownpreferences,whileananxiousonemorelikelytoconsiderwhattherecipients(接收者)maylike.Giftsshouldbethoughtful.Therefore,securepeopleshouldbemindfuloftheirchoiceofgifts.Theyneedtotakecautionwhenselectingandbuyinggifts.___20___A.Butthat’snotthecase.B.However,anxiousindividualsmaynotalwaysbethebest.C.Secureindividualstendtobeolderandearnahigherincome.D.Ifso,it’slikelythatyouprojectedyourownattitudesontoyourfriend.E.Secureindividualsmakechoicesonbehalfofothersbasedontheirownpreferences.F.Thus,theyarelesslikelytomakechoicesforafriendbasedontheirpersonalattitudes.G.Preferably,theseindividualsshouldputtheirownpreferencesasidewhenchoosinggifts.【答案】16.D17.F18.A19.C20.G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。你会根据自己的喜好给别人挑选礼物吗？一项研究表明，安全型依恋型的人更有可能根据自己的喜好来选择礼物，而焦虑型的人则更有可能考虑接受者的喜好。【16题详解】根据上文“Haveyoueverboughtagiftforafriend,simplybecauseit’sagiftthatyoulikeyourself?（你有没有因为喜欢自己而买礼物给朋友?）”以及下文“Suchactivityiscalled“socialprojection(投身寸)”andisthefocusofnewmarketingresearch.（这种活动被称为“社会投射”，是新营销研究的重点。）”可知，此处内容是对上文这种现象的解说，因此与你把自己的态度投射到朋友身上有关。故选D。【17题详解】根据上文“Conversely(相反)，thosewhoare“anxious”insuchsettingsarelesslikelytoassumethatotherssharetheirownpreferences.（相反，那些在这种环境下感到“焦虑”的人不太可能认为其他人也有自己的偏好。）”可知，选项F中的“Thus”是上文“那些在这种环境下感到“焦虑”的人”造成的结果，且代词“they”指的就是“thosewhoare“anxious”insuchsettings”，因此此处内容与他们不太可能依据自己的态度为朋友做选择有关。故选F。【18题详解】根据上文“You’dthinkthatsecurepeoplewhotendtobeolder,inacommittedrelationshipandearnahigher-incomewithlotsoffriendsandhealthypersonalrelationshipswouldhaveabetterideaofwhatsomeonewouldlikeasagift.（你可能会认为，安全型的人往往年龄较大，有稳定的关系，收入较高，有很多朋友，人际关系健康，他们会更清楚别人喜欢什么样的礼物。）”和下文“Thisresearchshowsthatindividualswhoareanxiousininterpersonalsituationsandwhohavefewerclose,personalrelationshipsarebetteratpredictingwhatapersonmaylike.（这项研究表明，那些在人际交往中感到焦虑的人以及那些与人亲密关系较少的人更能预测一个人会喜欢什么。）”形成转折，可知，选项A中的转折词“But”符合题意，且此处内容与表示事实并非如此有关。故选A。【19题详解】根据下文“Anxiousindividuals,onthecontrary,tendtobeyoungerandearnalowerincome.（相反，焦虑的人往往更年轻，收入更低。）”可知，选项C与下文的句式相似，且陈述对象刚好相反，因此此处内容与有安全感的人往往年龄较大，收入较高有关。故选C。【20题详解】根据上文“Therefore,securepeopleshouldbemindfuloftheirchoiceofgifts.Theyneedtotakecautionwhenselectingandbuyinggifts.（因此，有安全感的人应该注意他们选择的礼物。他们在选择和购买礼物时需要谨慎。）”可知，选项G中的“theseindividuals”指的是上文的“securepeople”，且此处内容与建议有安全感的人在选择礼物时不要把自己的喜好放在别人身上有关。故选G。第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)Wildflowersinamountainmeadow(草地)areagiftofnature.Butwhataboutthosewildflowersbloomingalongbusy____21____?Well,naturehada____22____.ClaudiaAlta“LadyBird”Johnson,thewifeofourthirty-sixthPresident,LyndonB.Johnsonwanted____23____tobeanationalpriority.Asalittlegirlgrowingupin“deepeastTexas,”wildflowershelpedhergetthrough____24____times.Hermotherhaddiedwhenshewasfive,andherfather____25____mostofhistimeatthegeneralstoreheowned.Herolderbrotherswereawayatschool,soLadyBirdturnedtonaturefor____26____.“Naturewasmyfriendandmyteacher,”shesays,“Itwasajoytome,andit’snever____27____me.”Afterhighschool,LadyBirdlefthomefortheUniversityofTexasinAustin.____28____shefoundjoyinnature--inthevastquantitiesofTexasbluebonnets.ItwastherethatLadyBirdmetandfellinlovewithLyndonB.Johnsonatfirstsight.Heproposed(求婚)toherontheirfirst____29____.Whenshebecameawareofthe_____30_____disappearanceof“AmericatheBeautiful”duetolanddevelopmentandpollution,LadyBird_____31_____thePresidenttoputforwardaHighwayBeautificationActthatallocated(划拨)moneyto_____32_____roadsides.Theactwaspassedin1965.LadyBird_____33_____thatmanywildflowers,likepeople,wereimmigrants.“Theycrossednationonthewheelsofcoveredwagons(货车),perhaps_____34_____inthepocketsofchildren.”LadyBirdiscertainlyourFirstLadyofwildflowers.Shehasmadeusseethathighwayscanbebeautiful.Sheisthereasonwhywildflowersnow_____35_____ourtravelsthroughalmosteverystate.21.A.streets B.paths C.highways D.roads22.A.discoverer B.helper C.creators D.protector23.A.fortune B.traffic C.beauty D.justice24.A.frightened B.excited C.disappointed D.lonely25.A.spent B.wasted C.found D.killed26.A.company B.mystery C.rescue D.delight27.A.scared B.ignored C.failed D.attacked28.A.Often B.Again C.Absolutely D.Naturally29.A.arrival B.date C.sight D.meeting30.A.sudden B.complete C.final D.gradual31.A.convinced B.warned C.reminded D.ordered32.A.lengthen B.widen C.landscape D.monitor33.A.letout B.foundout C.figuredout D.pointedout34.A.even B.then C.yet D.still35.A.decide B.guide C.shorten D.brighten【答案】21.C22.B23.C24.D25.A26.A27.C28.B29.B30.D31.A32.C33.D34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍在克劳迪娅·阿尔塔·伯德夫人·约翰逊（ClaudiaAlta“LadyBird”Johnson）的努力下，高速公路上种满了野花，使得高速公路变得更加美丽。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是那些在繁忙的高速公路上盛开的野花呢？A.streets街道；B.paths小路；C.highways高速公路；D.roads路。根据下文“Shehasmadeusseethathighwayscanbebeautiful.”可知，这里指美丽的高速公路。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：大自然有个帮手。A.discoverer发现者；B.helper助手；C.creators创造者；D.protector保护者。根据下文“Whenshebecameawareofthe____10____disappearanceof“AmericatheBeautiful”duetolanddevelopmentandpollution,LadyBird____11____thePresidenttoputforwardaHighwayBeautificationActthatallocated(划拨)moneyto____12____roadsides.Theactwaspassedin1965.”可知，伯德夫人成为了把大自然变美丽的帮手。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：克劳迪娅·阿尔塔·伯德夫人·约翰逊是我们第三十六任总统林登·贝恩斯·约翰逊的妻子，她希望美丽成为国家的优先事项。A.fortune运气；B.traffic交通；C.beauty美丽；D.justice公平。根据下文“Shehasmadeusseethathighwayscanbebeautiful.”可知，她想要国家变得更加美丽。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个在“得克萨斯州东部腹地”长大的小女孩，野花帮助她度过了孤独的时光。A.frightened害怕的；B.excited兴奋的；C.disappointed失望的；D.lonely孤独的。根据下文“Hermotherhaddiedwhenshewasfive,andherfather____5____mostofhistimeatthegeneralstoreheowned.Herolderbrotherswereawayatschool,”可知，伯德夫人小时候是一个人度过的。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的母亲在她五岁时去世，她的父亲大部分时间都在他拥有的杂货店度过。A.spent花费；B.wasted浪费；C.found发现；D.killed杀害。根据下文“mostofhistimeatthegeneralstoreheowned”可知，这里指父亲花费大部分时间在杂货店里。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的哥哥们不在学校，所以伯德夫人求助于大自然。A.company陪伴；B.mystery神秘；C.rescue挽救；D.delight高兴。根据下文“Naturewasmyfriendandmyteacher”可知，伯德夫人从大自然那里获得了陪伴。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“大自然是我的朋友和老师，”她说，“这对我来说是一种快乐，从来没有辜负过我。”A.scared吓唬；B.ignored忽视；C.failed失败；D.attacked攻击。根据上文““Naturewasmyfriendandmyteacher,”shesays,“Itwasajoytome”可知，伯德夫人认为大自然是她的好朋友，所以从不会让她失望。故选C。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她又一次在大自然中找到了快乐——在得克萨斯州大量的蓝帽花中。A.Often经常；B.Again再次；C.Absolutely绝对地；D.Naturally自然地。根据下文“ItwastherethatLadyBirdmetandfellinlovewithLyndonB.Johnsonatfirstsight.Heproposed(求婚)toherontheirfirst____9____.”可知，相对于大自然对她的陪伴来说，在大自然中遇到自己的丈夫是又一次从中获得的快乐。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们第一次约会时，他就向她求婚了。A.arrival到达；B.date约会；C.sight风景；D.meeting遇见。根据上文“Heproposed(求婚)toherontheirfirst”可知，这里应该是指他们的第一次约会。故选B。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她意识到由于土地开发和污染，“美丽的美国”逐渐消失时，伯德夫人说服总统提出了一项《公路美化法案》，分配资金美化路边的景观。A.sudden突然的；B.complete完全的；C.final最后的；D.gradual渐渐的。根据下文“duetolanddevelopmentandpollution”可知，因为土地的发展和污染，所以美丽的美国环境应该是渐渐的消失的。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第10题详解。A.convinced说服；B.warned警告；C.reminded提醒；D.ordered命令。根据下文“thePresidenttoputforwardaHighwayBeautificationAct”可知，这应该是伯德夫人说服了丈夫做的事情。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第10题详解。A.lengthen加长；B.widen加宽；C.landscape美化…的环境；D.monitor管理。根据下文“Shehasmadeusseet