2022-2023学年江西省宜春市高安市重点中学高一（下）期中英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年江西省宜春市高安市重点中学高一（下）期中英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）A

HarvardStudentOrganizationCenteratHills（SOCH）

DigitalMediaAcademy（DMA）summercampsatHarvardSOCHfocusonagreatchanceforstudentsaged6to17tospendtimeatoneofthebestuniversitiesinthecountry.Kidsandteenscanlearntobuildanapp，programarobot，orexploretheworldofmusicproductioninbeautifulclassroomssurroundedbytheHarvardUniversitygrounds.Especially，westressourSTEMcoursesthatwillalsohelpstudentslearnteamwork，createandsolveproblems.

Nomatterwhattheprogramis，studentswilllearnfromourhighlyrespectedDMAinstructorswhohavebeenemployedforboththeirteachingexperienceandrichknowledgeintheirfield.Besidesmakingnewfriends，theywillleavewithanamazingfinalprojectandlastingmemories.

DailySchedule8：00a.m.Check-in※12：00p.m.LunchBreak9：00a.m.Hands-onSTEMInstruction※1：00p.m.BacktotheClassroom10：30a.m.MorningBreak※2：30p.m.AfternoonBreak11：00a.m.ContinuedInstruction+Creation※3：00p.m.ContinuedClassroomTime※5：00p.m.Pick-upLunchPlan

Getlunchoncampussoyoudon'thavetopackyourown.LunchPlansstartat＄85/week.

FridayOpenHouse

EveryFridayat3：00p.m.，parentsareinvitedtoourOpenHouse.Weopenupourclassroomssostudentscanshowofftheprojectstheyhavebeenworkingonallweek.Parentscanmeettheirchildren'sinstructorandexploremorechancesforthemtocontinuelearningandcreating.OpenHouseistypicallyfinishedby4：00p.m.1.DMAsummercampsfocusonstudents'______.A.universitylifeexperiences

B.physicalandmentalhealth

C.STEMknowledgedevelopment

D.explorationofHarvard'shistory2.WhichwordcanbestdescribeDMAinstructors？______A.Creative. B.Experienced. C.Hard-working. D.Warm-hearted.3.WhatdoweknowaboutFridayOpenHouse？______A.Itisopentostudents'parents.

B.Itoffersstudentsfreelunch.

C.ItisopenforthreehourseveryFriday.

D.Itasksparentstopickupstudentsat5：00p.m.BWhenArielCordova-RojasrodeherbiketoJamaiciaBayWildlifeRefugeinQueens，NewYork，lastNovember，sheplannedtogohikingandbird-watching.Bingo!

Amileintoherwalk，shespottedabeautifulfemalemuteswan（疣鼻天鹅）nearthewater'sedge.Cordova-Rojas，30，whohadworkedattheWildBirdFundrecoverycenterinManhattan，knewthatmuteswanscanbebattlesome.Butassheapproachedthisone，itdidn'tmove.Shewascertainthatthebirdneededmedicalattention.Cordova-Rojasplacedherjacketoverthebird'sheadtokeepitcalm，carefullypickeditup，andhelditinherarms.Andthenathoughtstruckher：WhatdoIdonow？

Herbestbetwastherecoverycenter，butthatwasacrosstheEastRiverandclearontheothersideoftown.Howwasshegoingtotransporta17-poundswanonherbikeallthatway？Luckily，somestrangersdrivingbyofferedher，herbike，andtheswanalifttoanearbysubwaystation.Sheworriedothersmightbedisturbed.However，onthesubway，nooneseemedparticularlyfazedbythefeatheredpassenger.Oneguy，saysCordova-Rojas，was"sittingrightinfrontofmeonhisphone.Idon'tknowifhenoticedtherewasaswaninfrontofhim".

Cordova-Rojascalledtherecoverycenter，andTristanHiggin-botham，ananimal-caremanager，pickedherupatthesubwaystationanddrovebird，bike，andtherescuertothefacility.There，staffmembersdeterminedthattheswanmighthaveleadpoisoning.

Thestaffgottheswanbackuponherfeet.Sheevenmadeaboyfriendatthecenter—anotherinjuredswan.Sadly，evenwithallthattenderlovingcare，theswanfellillwithabacterialinfection.TwomonthsafterCordova-Roiascametoherrescue，shepassedaway.

It'sadisappointingending，buttherealstoryisjusthowfarsomepeoplearewillingtogotosaveaswaninthebigcity-literally.Inall，Cordova-Rojastraveledtwohoursbyfoot，car，andsubway（withherbike）."That'stheperfectsummaryofwhosheis，"saysHigginbotham.4.HowdidCordova-Rojasknowtheswanwasintrouble？______A.Shenoticedascarontheswan.

B.Shefoundtheswantrappedinwater.

C.Theswanwasbehavinginanabnormalway.

D.Theswanattackedherwhenshecamenearit.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"fazed"inparagraph3mean？______A.Ontopoftheworld. B.Inthewrong.

C.Ontherocks. D.Ataloss.6.Howwastheswan'slifeattherecoverycenter？______A.Theswansufferedalotofpainthere.

B.Theswanenjoyeditsstayingthere.

C.Theswan'slifetherewastotallydisappointing.

D.Manypeoplecametovisittheswan，7.WhatsortofpersonwasCordova-Rojas？______A.Curiousandgenerous. B.Caringandthoughtful.

C.Energeticandindependent. D.Sensibleandstraight-forward.CSomebeesseemtobeabletochoosewhethertobecomeaworkeroraqueen—butthousandsofcompetitorsforthethrone（王位）arekilledineachhive（蜂巢）.

Aboutone-fifthofallMeliponabeecheiibeelarvae（幼虫）starttodevelopasqueens，butthecolonyacceptsonlyone.Therestareattackedbystrong-jawedworkers.

Biologistssuspectedthatcoloniesofthisspeciesoverproducequeensasanevolutionarystrategytotakeoverotherhives.Butitnowseemsthatitissimplyaresultofthe"selfishness"ofindividuallarvae，tothedetrimentofthewholecolony，saysCaliariOliveiraatKULeuveninBelgium.

Unlikemostbeecolonieswhereworkersselectonelarvatobecometheonlyqueenbyfeedingitaspecialdiet，theM.beecheiicolonyisspendingalotofresourcestoproducenewindividuals，andthenalltheydoafterwardsiswastethoseresourcesandkillthequeens."Thisisaverygoodexampleofthetragedyofthecommons，whenachaseforpersonalgainharmssociety，"saysCaliariOliveira.

Inthepast，researcherssuggestedthatM.beecheiiworkerswerefeedingachemicalcalledgeraniol（香叶醇）tothefuturequeens.Oliveiraandhiscolleagueswonderedifthebeeschosesomanyqueensinordertospreadthecolony'sDNAintootherhives.

Toinvestigatefurther，theytookgeneticsamplesofqueensandworkersfrom25free-rangingM.beecheiicolonies.Inthelab，theyalsogavehigherdosesofgeranioltomorethan600larvae.Totheirsurprise，theydiscoveredthatextrageranioldidn'taffectlarvaldevelopment，soworkersweren'tcontrollingqueenproductionafterall.GeneticanalysisrevealedthattheDNAofeachhiveremained100percentconsistent.

Thenewstudy"settlesabitofacontroversy"aboutMeliponabees，saysChristophGrueterattheUniversityofBristol，UK.Butitdoesn'tofferanewexplanationforhowthelarvae"decide"tobecomequeens."Forme，thisisstilloneofthebiggestpuzzlesinbiology."8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"tothedetrimentof"meaninParagraph3？______A.Takingchargeof. B.Fallingvictimto.

C.Providingsupportfor. D.Causingdamageto.9.Whydidtheresearchersfeedextrageranioltothelarvae？______A.Totesttheirassumption. B.Tosimplifytheirresearch.

C.Toapplynewtechniques. D.Toconfirmpreviousfindings.10.WhatdoesChristophGrueterthinkofthenewstudy？______A.Itisfruitless. B.Itisinnovative.

C.Itisinsufficient. D.Itissatisfactory.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext？______A.Somebeecoloniesadopteffectiveevolutionarystrategies.

B.Somebeecolonieshavetokillthousandsofwannabequeens.

C.Somebeespeciesoverproducequeenstoconquerotherhives.

D.Somebeespeciesrelyonachemicaltospreadthecolony'sDNA.DSomepeoplelearnasecondlanguageeasily.Otherpeoplehavetroublelearninganewlanguage.Howcanyouhelpyourselflearnanewlanguage，suchasEnglish？ThereareseveralwaystomakelearningEnglishalittleeasierandmoreinteresting.

ThefirststepistofeelconfidentaboutlearningEnglish.Ifyoubelievethatyoucanlearn，youwilllearn.Bepatient.Youdonothavetounderstandeverythingallatonce.Itisnaturaltomakemistakeswhenyoulearnsomethingnew.Wecanlearnfromourmistakes.

ThesecondstepistopracticeyourEnglish.Forexample，writeajournaleveryday.YouwillgetusedtowritinginEnglish，andyouwillfeelcomfortableexpressingyourideasinEnglish.Afterseveralweeks，youwillseethatyourwritingisimproving.Besides，youmustspeakEnglisheveryday.Youcanpracticewithyourclassmatesoutsideclass.Youwillallmakemistakes，butgraduallyyouwillbecomecomfortablecommunicatinginEnglish.

Thethirdstepistokeeparecordofyourlanguagelearning.Youcanwritethisinyourdiary.Aftereachclass，thinkaboutwhatyoudid.Didyouansweraquestioncorrectly？Didyouunderstandsomethingtheteacherexplained？Perhapsthelessonwasdifficult，butyoutriedtounderstandit.Writetheseachievementsinyourjournal.

YoumustbepositiveaboutlearningEnglishandbelievethatyoucandoit.Itisimportanttopracticeeverydayandmakearecordofyourachievements.YouwillenjoylearningEnglish，andyouwillhavemoreconfidenceinyourself.12.WhatisimportanttolearnEnglish？______A.Tobuyadictionary.

B.ToreadEnglisheveryday.

C.Tomakearecordofyourmistakes.

D.TopracticeEnglisheverydayandmakearecordofyourachievements.13.WhichofthefollowingisunnecessaryforustolearnEnglish？______A.Beingpatient.

B.Makingmistakes.

C.ExpressingyourideasinEnglish.

D.Understandingeverythingallatonce.14.HowmanywaystolearnEnglishdoesthetextgive？______A.2. B.3. C.4. D.5.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus？______A.Itisveryimportanttolearnasecondlanguage.

B.Therearewaystohelpyoulearnasecondlanguagemoreeasily.

C.Somepeoplelearnasecondlanguageeasilywhileotherpeopledonot.

D.Don'tworryaboutmakingmistakeswhenlearningasecondlanguage.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Agreatnumberofpeoplecangetinjuredorevenkilledresultingfromahumanstampede（蜂拥）.Oneofthebadthingsisthatapeacefulgroupofpeoplecanquicklyturnintoacrazypanickedcrowd.(16)

Ifyouareinacrowd，themostimportantthingistomakeyourselffamiliarwithyoursurroundingsandmentallynoticetheexits.(17)，makesureyoualwaysknowhowtogetout.Makeyourselfwareofthetypeofgroundyouarestandingon.Ifyouareinacrowdofmovingpeople，wetorunevenroundcanbeslipperyordangerous，causingyoutofall.

Beawareofthegeneralatmosphereoftheevent，aspanicsituationscanoftenbeexpected.Wheninanger，afewsecondscanmakeallthedifference.Ifyoufindyourselfinthemiddleofamovingcrowd，donotfightagainstthepressureanddonotstandstillorsitdown.(18).Takeadvantageofanyspacethatmayopenupandtrytomovesidewaystothecrowdmovementwheretheflowisweaker.

Keepyourhandsupbyyourchest，likeaboxer（拳击手）.Itgivesyoumovementandprotectsyourchest.

(19).Ifyoufallandcannotgetup，keepmovingbycrawlinginthesamedirectionofthecrowd，orifthatisnotpossible，thencoveryourheadwithyourarmsandcurlup（蜷缩）.(20)Sometimes，findingarightposturecansaveyourlife.

A.Ifyoufall，getupquickly

B.Nomatterwhereyouare

C.Instead，moveinthesamedirectionofthecrowd

D.Ifyouaresteppedon，youshouldshoutforhelp

E.What'sworseisthatthestampedecanbecausedwhilethereseemsnoactualdanger

F.Stretchyourarmstothefulllengthsothatyoucanmakemorespacetomoveinthecrow

G.Donotlieonyourstomachorback，asthisdangerouslyexposesyourlungs.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）BrownieandHarrywereneighbordogsinStowe，Vermont，UnitedStates，whometeverydaytoplaytogetherandrunaftereachotherjoyfully.Likepairsofdogsinmostneighborhoods，thesetwolovedeachotherandplayedtogethersooftenthattheyhad（1）______apaththroughthegrassbetweentheirhouses.

Oneevening，Brownie'shumanfamily（2）______thatBrowniehadn'treturnedhome（3）______.Theywentlookingforherbutendin（4）______.Browniestilldidn'tshowupthenextday，and，thoughthey（5）______effortstofindher，bythenextweekshewasstillmissing.

（6）______，theotherdog，Harry，showedupatBrownie'shousealoneoneday.Hebarked（吠），jumpedandpestered（纠缠）Brownie'shumanfamily，showingthathewasfilledwithanxiety.Busywiththeirownlives，thefamilyjustpaidnoattentiontothelittleneighbordoganddecidedtoletBrowniego.However，Harry（7）______togiveup.Ted，Brownie'sowner，wascontinuously（持续地）troubledbythe（8）______littledog.OnemorningHarryfollowedTedaround，barkingharder，then（9）______towardanearbyemptyparkinglotandback.

Finally，TedwentafterHarryacrosstheemptyparkinglot.Ontheway，Harryalways（10）______toracebackandbarkhardtoTed.Thedog（11）______Tedtoalonelyplaceahalfmilefromthehouse.ThereTedfoundBrowniewasalive，withherfrontlegfallingintoa（12）______.

Feeling（13）______，TedthoughtheshouldtakeHarry'searlierrequests（14）______.Atthesametime，hewasmovedbytheamountof（15）______Harryhasforhispartner.HarryhaddonemorethansimplyledBrownie'sownertohistrappedfriend.21.

A.worn B.cleaned C.designed D.built22.

A.believed B.noticed C.told D.argued23.

A.aspossible B.aswell C.asoften D.asusual24.

A.failure B.sign C.way D.success25.

A.spare B.made C.tried D.spent26.

A.Thankfully B.Interestingly C.Strangely D.Frequently27.

A.refused B.wanted C.offered D.decided28.

A.painful B.cute C.sad D.determined29.

A.walking B.jogging C.rushing D.driving30.

A.went B.stopped C.continued D.stepped31.

A.kept B.brought C.led D.helped32.

A.car B.field C.pool D.trap33.

A.happy B.regretful C.lucky D.tired34.

A.seriously B.pitiful C.carelessly D.easily35.

A.warmth B.cleverness C.kindness D.love四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

WhenfirstintroducedinJapanin1999，emojis（1）______（limit）to176simpledesigns.Nowtherearemorethan3，000emojisthatexpandeduponthewayin（2）______wecommunicate.Intoday'sworld，emojishavebecomemoreandmorepopular.Itseemsthatemojishaveclearadvantages（3）______writtenlanguage.Thereasonwhypeoplelikethemis（4）______theyaddemotionalmeaningandarequickandeasy（5）______（use）.Infact，thisissimilartothegesturesweusewhenwespeak.Withasmilingorsadface（6）______（add）toamessageorpost，yourreaderscan"see"yourfacialexpressionwhile（7）______（read）yourwords.Emojiscanalsohelppeopleexpress（8）______（they）feelingswhentheycan'tfind（9）______appropriatewords.Forinstance，ifyourfriendismovingacrossthecountry，youmayjustsendthemastringofcryingfacestoexpressyoursadnessoveryour（10）______（separate）.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假定你是李华，你校正在组织英语演讲比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：

（1）人物简介；

（2）尊敬和爱戴的原因。

注意：

（1）词数100左右；

（2）稿件题目和首尾句已为你写好。

ThePersonIRespect

Goodmorning，everyone!MynameisLiHua.

Thankyou!38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Father'sDaywasintwoweeks.Ididn'tknowwhattogetDad.LastyearImadehimaphotoalbum.ThisyearIwantedtodosomethingdifferent.

Atdinner,Dadaccidentallydroppedhisfavoritebluetieintohissoupbowl.Thetiewasruined.IsuddenlyknewwhattogetDadforFather'sDay!

"Howmuchdoesatiecost？"IaskedMomthenextmorning.

"Depends,"shesaid."Somecancosttwentydollars.Doyouhaveenoughmoney.Carter？"

"No,"Isaidsadly.

WhenIgottomyroomtochangeintomyschoolclothesInoticedaholeinmyshirt.

"Mom,Ineedyoutosew（缝补）myshirt,"Isaidloudly,rushingoutthedoortotheschoolbus.

AtschoolIpickedattheholeinmyshirt.IthoughtabouthowIcouldcomeupwithenoughmoneytobuyatie.Itookadeepsigh,andplayedwiththeholdsomemore.Astheholegrewinsize,anideasprungintomymind.

Aftercominghomefromschool,Idugthroughmyclosettryingtofindotherwornclothes.

"Mom!"Iyelleddownthehallheadingtowardsher.

"CanIcuttheseclothesuptomakeDadapatchwork（拼缝）tieforFather'sDay？"IpointedouttheholestoMom.

"Iguess,"shesaid.

"And,"Iadded,"Canyoushowmehowtosewandmaketinystitches（针脚）？"

"Yes,Carter.Let'sstartnowbeforeDadgetshome."Momsaid,headingforhersewingsupplies.

IfollowedMomsinstructionsandstartedmakingapatchworktie.Igentlypressedmyfootonthefootpedal（缝纫机脚踏板）.Suddenly,theneedlestoppedandthemachinemadeahorriblesound."No!"Isaid.

"Tryagain,Carter,"Mominstructed.

Itookadeepbreathandgentlyappliedthepedalagain.Unluckily,Ifailedagain.

注意：1.续写词数为150左右。

2.请在相应位置作答。

"Forgetit!Ican'tdothis!"Icriedandwenttomyroom.______.

OnFather'sDayIhandedDadasmallbox.______.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、B、A【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。由第一段的最后一句"Especially，we

stress

our

STEM

courses

that

will

also

help

students

learn

teamwork，create

and

solve

problems."我们特别强调我们的STEM课程，这个课程将帮助学生学会团队合作，创造以及解决问题。由此可见，数字媒体学院夏令营关注学生的STEM知识发展。结合选项可知，选项C正确。

（2）B.细节理解题。由第二段第一句"No

matter

what

the

program

is，students

will

learn

from

our

highly

respected

DMA

instructors

who

have

been

employed

for

both

their

teaching

experience

and

rich

knowledge

in

their

field."无论这个项目是什么样的，学生将会向我们备受尊敬的数字媒体学院导师学习，他们因为他们的教学经验以及在他们领域丰富的知识而受聘。由此可见，数字媒体学院的导师们是经验丰富的。结合选项可知，选项B正确。

（3）A.细节理解题。由Friday

Open

House的第一句"Every

Friday

at

3：00

p.m.，parents

are

invited

to

our

Open

House."每个星期五下午3点，父母被邀请到我们的开放室。由此可见，星期五开放室是对学生父母开放的。结合选项可知，选项A正确。

这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍在希尔斯哈佛学生组织中心举办的数字媒体学院夏令营课程内容和日程安排等信息。

1．直接信息题：

直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。

2．间接信息题：

间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。

3．综合信息题：

综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

4~7.【答案】C、D、B、B【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段But

as

she

approached

this

one，it

didn't

move.She

was

certain

that

the

bird

needed

medical

attention.Cordova-Rojas

placed

her

jacket

over

the

bird's

head

to

keep

it

calm，carefully

picked

it

up，and

held

it

in

her

arms.（但当她走近这只时，它却纹丝不动。她确信这只鸟需要医疗护理。科尔多瓦-罗哈斯把她的夹克盖在鸟的头上，让它保持冷静，小心翼翼地把它捡起来，抱在怀里。）可知科尔多瓦-罗哈斯知道这只天鹅有麻烦了，因为这只天鹅的行为异常。故选C项。

（2）词句猜测题。根据上文She

worried

others

might

be

disturbed.（她担心其他人会被打扰）和划线词所在句However，on

the

subway，no

one

seemed

particularly

fazed

by

the

feathered

passenger.（然而，在地铁上，似乎没有人特别fazed这位长着羽毛的乘客）中However可推知，她担心的事情并未发生，没人觉得天鹅乘地铁有什么不妥，没有人觉得"困惑不解"。结合选项，划线词与"at

a

loss"意思相近。故选D项。

（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段The

staff

got

the

swan

back

up

on

her

feet.She

even

made

a

boyfriend

at

the

center

—another

injured

swan.

（工作人员让天鹅站了起来。她甚至在中心交了一个男朋友——另一只受伤的天鹅）可推知，天鹅喜欢在康复中心的生活。故选B项。

（4）推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第二段She

was

certain

that

the

bird

needed

medical

attention.Cordova-Rojas

placed

her

jacket

over

the

bird's

head

to

keep

it

calm，carefully

picked

it

up，and

held

it

in

her

arms.（她确信这只鸟需要治疗。科尔多瓦-罗哈斯把她的夹克盖在鸟的头上，让它保持冷静，然后小心地把它捡起来，抱在怀里）和最后一段Cordova-Rojas

traveled

two

hours

by

foot，car，and

subway

（with

her

bike）

（科尔多瓦•罗哈斯步行、开车、坐地铁（骑自行车）两个小时）可知，主人公科尔多瓦•罗哈斯富有爱心，而且细心周到。A．Curious

and

generous.好奇大方的；B．Caring

and

thoughtful.体贴周到的；C．Energetic

and

independent.精力充沛，独立自主的；D．Sensible

and

straight-forward.明智而坦率的。故选B项。

本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了30岁的科尔多瓦•罗哈斯在徒步旅行偶遇一只遇到麻烦的疣鼻天鹅，并对其实施救助的故事。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

8~11.【答案】D、A、C、B【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据文章第三段划线词前半句"Butitnowseemsthatitissimplyaresultofthe"selfishness"ofindividuallarvae，（但现在看来，这仅仅是单个幼虫"自私"的结果，）"可知，这种"自私"的结果损害了整个群体。所以tothedetrimentof为"对……造成损害"。A．Taking

charge

of.负责；B．Falling

victim

to.成为…的牺牲品；C．Providing

support

for.提供支持；D．Causing

damage

to.造成损坏。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据文章第五段Oliveiraandhiscolleagueswonderedifthebeeschosesomanyqueensinordertospreadthecolony'sDNAintootherhives.（Oliveira和他的同事想知道，蜜蜂是否选择了这么多蜂王，以便将蜂群的DNA传播到其他蜂巢。）可推断，研究人员要给幼蜂喂食额外的香叶醇是为了验证他们的假设。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Thenewstudy"settlesabitofacontroversy"aboutMelipona

bees，saysChristophGrueterattheUniversityofBristol，UK.Butitdoesn'tofferanewexplanationforhowthelarvae"decide"tobecomequeens."Forme，thisisstilloneofthebiggestpuzzlesinbiology."（英国布里斯托尔大学的ChristophGrueter说，这项新的研究"解决了一些关于无刺蜜蜂的争议"。但这并没有为幼虫如何"决定"成为蜂王提供新的解释。"对我来说，这仍然是生物学中最大的谜题之一。"）可推断，ChristophGrueter认为这项新研究是不充分的。故选C。

（4）主旨大意题。根据文章第一段Somebeesseemtobeabletochoosewhethertobecomeaworkeroraqueen—butthousandsofcompetitorsforthethrone（王位）arekilledineachhive（蜂巢）.（一些蜜蜂似乎能够选择是成为工蜂还是蜂王——但是在每个蜂巢中，成千上万的竞争对手被杀死。）及全文可知，文章主要介绍了蜜蜂幼虫中，大约有五分之一成长为蜂王，但蜂群只接受一只蜂王，所以一些蜂群必须杀死数千个想成为蜂王的蜜蜂。故选B。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蜜蜂幼虫中，大约有五分之一成长为蜂王，但蜂群只接受一只蜂王，所以一些蜂群必须杀死数千个想成为蜂王的蜜蜂。短文对此现象进行了研究和介绍。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

12~15.【答案】D、D、B、B【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句It

is

important

to

practice

every

day

and

make

a

record

of

your

achievements.（每天练习很重要，并把你的成绩记录下来。）可知每天练习英语，并把成绩记录下来，这对学习英语很重要。故选D。

（2）D．细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容，Bepatient.Youdonothavetounderstandeverythingallatonce.Itisnaturaltomakemistakeswhenyoulearnsomethingnew.Wecanlearnfromourmistakes.                         耐心点。你不必一下子就明白所有的事情。当你学到新东西时，犯错误是很自然的。我们可以从错误中吸取教训。结合选项，故选D。

（3）B．细节理解题。根据文章第二、三、四段内容，ThefirststepistofeelconfidentaboutlearningEnglish.ThesecondstepistopracticeyourEnglish.Thethirdstepistokeeparecordofyourlanguagelearning.                           由此可知，学习英语有三个方法：第一步是对学习英语充满信心，第二步是多练英语；第三步是为你的英语学习做一个记录。结合选项，故选B。

（4）B．主旨大意题。根据文章内容，本文章主要讲述了有的人能够轻易学一门外语，有的人学外语却很困难，文章向读者介绍了好多有效学习英语的方法：第一步是对学习英语充满信心，第二步是多练英语；第三步是为你的英语学习做一个记录。因此B项There

are

ways

to

help

you

learn

a

second

language

more

easily.（有一些方法可以帮助你更轻松地学习第二语言。）概括文意，故选B。

本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍几种方法可以让学习英语变得更简单、更有趣。

考查日常生活类阅读理解。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

16~20.【答案】E、B、C、A、G【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句One

of

the

bad

things

is

that

a

peaceful

group

of

people

can

quickly

turn

into

a

crazy

panicked

crowd（糟糕的一点是，一群和平的人很快就会变成疯狂的恐慌人群），可知表示"更糟糕的是，踩踏事件可能是在没有实际危险的情况下发生的"的选项E符合前后的语境，One

of

the

bad

things是关键词，故选E。

（2）推理判断题。根据前句If

you

are

in

a

crowd，the

most

important

thing

is

to

make

yourself

familiar

with

your

surroundings

and

mentally

notice

the

exits（如果你在人群中，最重要的是让自己熟悉周围的环境，并在心理上注意到出口）；以及后半句make

sure

you

always

know

how

to

get

out（确保你始终知道如何离开），可知表示"无论你在哪里"的选项B符合前后的语境，the

exits是关键词，故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据前句If

you

find

yourself

in

the

middle

of

a

moving

crowd，do

not

fight

against

the

pressure

and

do

not

stand

still

or

sit

down（如果你发现自己身处一个流动的人群中，不要与压力抗争，也不要站着不动或坐下来），可知表示"相反，向人群的同一方向移动"的选项C符合前后的语境，do

not

fight

against

the

pressure是关键词，故选C。

（4）推理判断题。根据后句If

you

fall

and

cannot

get

up，keep

moving

by

crawling

in

the

same

direction

of

the

crowd，or

if

that

is

not

possible，then

cover

your

head

with

your

arms

and

curl

up（如果你摔倒了，爬不起来，继续向人群的同一方向爬行，或者如果这不可能，那么用手臂捂住头部，蜷缩起来），可知表示"如果你跌倒了，快起来"的选项A符合前后的语境，If

you

fall

and

cannot

get

up是关键词，故选A。

（5）推理判断题。根据前句If

you

fall

and

cannot

get

up，keep

moving

by

crawling

in

the

same

direction

of

the

crowd，or

if

that

is

not

possible，then

cover

your

head

with

your

arms

and

curl

up（如果你摔倒了，爬不起来，继续向人群的同一方向爬行，或者如果这不可能，那么用手臂捂住头部，蜷缩起来），可知表示"不要趴着或仰卧，因为这样会暴露肺部"的选项G符合前后介绍正确姿势的语境，故选G。

本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了遇到踩踏事件应该采取的正确措施。

这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。

21~35.【答案】A、B、D、A、B、C、A、D、C、B、C、D、B、A、D【解析】（1）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.worn磨损；B.cleaned清理；C.designed设计；D.built建造。句意：这两条狗彼此相爱，经常在一起玩耍，以至于它们在房子之间的草地上磨出了一条小路。根据上文"these

two

lovedeach

other

and

played

together

so

ofen"（这两条狗彼此相爱，经常在一起玩耍）可知，这两只狗经常在一起玩耍，以至于两家房子之间的草地上因为经常被这两只狗踩踏，最后磨出了一条路。故选A。

（2）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.believed相信；B.noticed注意；C.told告诉；D.argued辩论。句意：一天晚上，布朗尼的人类家庭注意到布朗尼没有像往常一样回家。根据下文"Brownie

hadntreturned

home"（布朗尼没有回家）可知，主人注意到布朗尼没有像往常一样回家。故选B。

（4）D.考查固定短语及语境理解。A.as

possible尽可能的；B.as

well也；C.as

often经常地；D.as

usual像往常一样。句意：一天晚上，布朗尼的人类家庭注意到布朗尼没有像往常一样回家。根据上文"One

evening"（一天晚上）和下文情节可知，主人注意到布朗尼没有像往常一样回家。故选D。

（4）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.failure失败；B.sign标志；C.way路，方式；D.success成功。句意：他们去找她，但以失败告终。根据下文"Brownie

still

didntshow

up

the

next

day"（第二天，布朗尼仍然没有出现）可知，最终没有找到布朗尼，end

in

failure意为"以失败告终"。故选A。

（5）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.spare

抽出；B.made制作，做；C.tried尝试；D.spent花费。句意：第二天，布朗尼仍然没有出现，尽管他们努力寻找她，但到了第二周，她仍然是失踪了的。根据"though"（尽管）和下文的efforts可知用短语make

efforts，意为"做出努力"表示尽管努力寻找，但仍然没有找到布朗尼。故选B。

（6）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.Thankfully谢天谢地；B.Interestingly有趣地；C.Strangely奇怪地；D.Frequently频繁地。句意：奇怪的是，另一只狗哈利有一天独自出现在布朗尼的家里。根据下文"He

barked（吠）jumped

and

pestered（纠缠）Brownie's

human

family""（他狂吠、跳跃并纠缠着布朗尼的人类家庭）可知，哈利的表现是奇怪的。故选C。

（7）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.refused拒绝；B.wanted想要；C.offered提供；D.decided决定。句意：然而，哈利拒绝放弃。根据下文"Ted.Brownie's

owner，was

continuously（持续地）troubled

by

the

8

little

dog"布朗尼的主人特德持续地被这只…的小狗所困扰。）可知，哈利拒绝放弃。故选A。

（8）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.painful疼痛的；B.cute可爱的；C

sad

伤心的；D.determined下定决心的。句意：布朗尼的主人泰德持续地被这只决心坚定的小狗所困扰。根据下文"One

morning

Harry

followed

Ted

around.barking

harder'"（—天早上，哈利跟着特德，叫的声音更大）可知，哈利不放弃，一直跟着泰德，叫的声音更大，说明他很有决心。故选D。

（9）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.walking散步；B.jogging慢跑；C.rushing冲；D.driving驾驶。句意：一天早上，哈利跟着泰德，叫的声音更大了，然后冲向一个附近的空停车场又回来。根据下文"toward

nearby

empty

parking

lot

and

back"（向一个附近的空停车场又回来）可知，哈利冲向空停车场，然后再回来。故选C。

（10）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.went去；B.stopped停止；C.continued继续；D.stepped迈步。句意：在路上，哈利总是停下来跑回来，对着泰德使劲叫。根据下文"to

race

back

and

bark

hard

to

Ted"（跑回来，对着泰德使劲叫）可知，哈利回来冲着泰德叫，因此推断它要停下来。故选B。

（11）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.kept保持；B.brought带来；C.led带领；D.helped帮助。句意：那条狗把泰德带到离房子半英里远的一个偏僻的地方。根据上文"FinallyTed

went

after

Harry

acrossthe

empty

parking

lot."（最后，泰德追着哈利穿过空荡荡的停车场。）可知，哈利带领泰德去了离房子半英里远的一个偏僻的地方。故选C。

（12）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.car汽车；B.field田野，领域；C.pool游泳池；D.trap陷阱。句意：在那里，泰德发现布朗尼还活着，她的前腿掉进了陷阱。根据最后一句"Harry

had

done

more

than

simply

led

Brownie's

owner

to

his

trapped

friend."（哈利所做的不仅仅是带领布朗尼的主人找到他被困的朋友。）可知，布朗尼的前腿掉进了陷阱。故选D。

（13）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.happy高兴的；B.regretful后悔的，遗憾的；C.lucky幸运的；D.tired劳累的。句意：感到很后悔，泰德认为他应该认真对待哈利早些时候的请求。根据上文"There

Ted

found

Brownie

was

aliye"（在那里，泰德发现布朗尼还活着））可知，泰德在哈利的带领下找到了布朗尼，因此推断他后悔没有认真对待哈利早些时候的请求。故选B。

（14）A.考查形容词和副词及语境理解。A.seriously认真地，严肃地；B.pitiful可怜的；C.carelessly粗心地；D.easily容易地。句意：感到很后悔，泰德认为他应该认真对待哈利早些时候的请求。根据上文"One

moming

Haryfollowed

Ted

around.barking

harder.then

9

toward

a

nearby

empty

parking

lot

and

back."（一天早上，哈利跟着泰德，叫的声音更大了，然后……向一个附近的空停车场又回来。）可知，哈利早些时候就请求布朗尼的主人去救助布朗尼，因此泰德后悔没有认真对待。take

sth.seriously意为"认真对待某事"。故选A。

（15）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.warmth温暖；B.cleverness聪明；C.kindness好心；D.love爱。句意：与此同时