2018年中考英语试题分类解析8：阅读理解人物或故事类科普(答案解析)

专题08阅读理解（人物或故事类、科普或环境保护类或健康类、社会现象或

历史文化教育类）.【2018年江苏省宿迁市】In2017,whenthehighspeedtrain.Furing,leftBeijingforshanghaiataspeedof350km/h,itamazedtheworld.ItisChina'snewesthigh-speedtrainandalsothefastesttrainintheworld.Therewere2,959high-speedtrainsrunningacrossChinaby2016.Theymakeup60percentoftheworldstotalhigh-speedtrains.Chinesecompanieshavealsobuiltmorethan10high-speedrailwaysinEurope,SoutheastAsiaandSouthAmerica.AndthehighspeedtrainshasbecomeanewnamecardforChina.Besidesthehigh-speedtrains,manyotherinnovations（创新）havealsochangedpeople'slivesinChina.Forexample,thoughbikesharingisnotnewitselfChinahasmadeitmuchmoreconvenient.Andpopular.WhentheChinesebikesharingcompaniesreachedSingaporeandBritainmonthsago,usersthereexcitedandcouldn'twaittopostphotosofthemselvesridingthebikesonsocialmedia（媒体）.CashlesspaymenthasbecomealifestylechoiceinChinaitiscommonthatpeopleinChinagoshoppingwithnocash（现金）inpockets.Manypeoplejustpaywiththeirbilephonesbyscanningaquickrespondcode（QR,二维码）fromtheseller.EvenapersonsellingvegetableshasaQRcode.ManyforeignershaveexperiencedliveswithoutcarryinganycashinChina.Theysaytheycan'tdoitwhentheyarebackhomeinEurope.Chinaisnowinagreattime.IthasmadegreatachievementsininnovationTheyaretruepicturesofnationalstrength.ItseemsthatChinaisreallyleadinginsomeways.AndChinesepeoplehaveeveryreasontobelieveinanevenbrighterfuture.34.HowmanyexamplesarementionedtoshowChina'sachievementininnovationaccordingtothepassage?A.OneB.TwoC.ThreeD.Four35.Theunderlinedword“it”means.A.livinginChina B.buyingthingswithoutcarryinganycashC.havingQRcodes D.makingenoughmoneybyworkinghardThebesttitleforthepassagemightbe.A.ChinaleadsininnovationB.SciencedevelopsveryquicklyC.ChinafacesmanychancesD.Sciencecatchestheworld'sattention【答案】34.C35.B36.A【解析】试题分析：短文通过高速列车、共享单车和无现金支付三个例子，说明了中国的创新成就。.题意：文章列举了多少个例子来说明中国的创新成就？考查文意理解题。根据短文内容，可知列举了高速列车、共享单车和无现金支付三个例子，故选C。3、题意:下划线的词艺意思是"\考查词义理解题。根据下文出口tp总邛1廿上。1沦3劭虫叩ping■心nocashinpo^kets.可知是无现金支付品由：号酩paymm,故选30.题意:这篇文童最好的题目可能是 .考查细节理解题口A.ChinaLoadsininnovation中国引领创新：3.5由118d$包打pwveryqui比ly科学发展得很快：C.Ch^nimany:hancei中国面临许多机会：D-邑亡旭力摩catche-s由号wMTmaumtjon科学引起全世界的注意。根据Itie-ansthatChinaisreally上adhg:n50m号vays.可知选Ac2.【2018年江苏省宿迁市】MyfatherwasGerman,butheWorkedinEngland.Hemarriedmymother,whowasEnglish.HerfamilynamewasRobinson,sowhenIwasbornin632,inEngland,theycalledmeRobinson,afterher.MyfatherdidwellinhisbusinessandIwenttoagoodschool.Hewantedmetogetagoodjob,andliveaquiet,pleasantlife.ButIwantedadventureandanexcitinglife.“Iwanttobeasailorandgotosea",Itoldmymotherandfather.Theywereveryunhappyaboutthis.“Pleasedon'tgo."myfathersaid,"Youwon'tbehappyyouknow.Sailorshaveadifficultanddangerouslife."andbecauseIlovehim,andhewasunhappy,Itriedtoforgetaboutthesea.ButIcouldn'tforget,andaboutayearlater,Isawafriendintown.HisfatherhadaShipandmyfriendsaidtome,"wearesailingtoLondontomorrow.Whydon'tyoucomewithus.”OnSeptember1",1651,IwenttoHullandthenextdaywesailedforLondon.But,afewdayslater,therewasastrongwind.Theseawasroughanddangerous,andtheshipwentupanddownupanddown.Iwasveryill,andwasveryafraid.“Oh,Idon'twanttodie!”Icried,“Iwanttolive!IfIlive,Iwillgohomeandnevergotoseaagain!”Thenextdaythewindstopped,andtheseawasquietandbeautifulagain.Well,Robinson,myfriendlaughed,"Howdoyoufeelnow?Thewindwasn'ttobad.”“What!”Icried."Itwasaterriblestorm.”“Oh,thatwasn'tastorm,"myfriendanswered,"justalittlewind.Forgetit,comeandhaveadrink.”Afterafewdrinkswithmyfriend,Ifeltbetter.Iforgotaboutthedanger,anddecidednottogohome.Ididn'twantmyfriendandfamilytolaughatme!IstayedinLondonforsometime,butIstill,wantedtogotothesea.So,whenthecaptain"g长）ofashipaskmetogowithhimtoGuineainAfrica,Iagreed,AndsoIwenttotheseaforthesecondtime.Itwasagoodship,andeverythingwentwellatfirst,butIwasveryillagain.ThenwhenwewereneartheCanaryIslands,aTurkishpirate（海盗）shipcameafterus.Theywerefamousthievesoftheseaatthattime.Therewasalong,hardfight,butwhenitfinished,weandtheshipwereprisoners.TheTurkishcaptainandhismentookustoSalleeinMorocco.Theywantedtosellusasslaves（奴隶）inthemarket.Butintheend,theTurkishcaptaindecidedtokeepmeforhimself,andtookmehomewithhim.Thiswasasuddenandterriblechangeinmylife.ThisTurkishcaptainwasnowmymaster.WhydidRobinsonforgetabouttheseaatthebeginning?Because he hadno moneytoownashipBecause he hasted tolive adangerous lifeBecause he wanted tomake hisparents happyBecause he looked forward togettingagoodjobWhichistherighttimeorderofwhathappenedinthestory?a.OneofRobinson'sfriendsinvitedhimtosailtoLondonb.TheTurkishcaptaintookRobinsonhomec.AcaptainaskedRobinsontogowithhimtoGuinead.Robinsondrankwithhisfriende.Alongandhardfighthappeneda-d-c-e-bB.d-a-c-e-bC.a-c-b-e-dD.d-c-a-b-e43.WhatdidRobinsonthinkofhisseajourney?A.EverythingwasfineB.TheseawasquietallthetimeC.ThewindwasweakD.Sealifewasdangerousattimes44.WhotookRobinsontoSalleeinMorocco?A.theTurkishCaptainB.hisfriendC.thecaptainofashipD.hisfather45.Whatcanweinfer（推断）fromthepassage?A.RobinsonwantedtoservetheTurkishRobinsonlivedhappilywiththeTurkishcaptainRobinsonbecameaslavetotheTurkishcaptainRobinsonmadefriendswiththeTurkishcaptain【答案】41.C42.A43.D44.A45.C【解析】试题分析：短文讲述了鲁滨逊的两次航海经历，充满了危险，第二次遭遇了海盗被俘，他成为土耳其船长的奴隶。.题意：为什么鲁滨孙起初忘记了大海？考查细节理解题。根据andbecauseIlovehi叫andhewasunhappy,Itriedtoforgetaboutthesea.，可知鲁滨逊爱自己的父母，想让他们高兴，故选C。.题意：故事发生的时间顺序是什么？考查细节理解题。a.OneofRobinson’sfriendsinvitedhimtosailtoLondon鲁滨孙的一个朋友邀请他去伦敦航行。b.TheTurkishcaptaintookRobinsonhome土耳其船长带鲁滨孙回家。c.AcaptainaskedRobinsontogowithhimtoGuinea船长请鲁滨孙和他一起去几内亚。d.Robinsondrankwithhisfriend鲁滨孙和他的朋友一起喝酒。e.Alongandhardfighthappened一场漫长而艰苦的战斗发生了。根据短文的叙述，鲁滨孙先是在镇上遇到一个朋友，朋友邀请他去伦敦航行……途中了遭遇海盗……最后土耳其船长带鲁滨孙回家。可知a-d-c-e-b正确，故选A。.题意：鲁滨孙认为他的海上旅行怎么样？考查细节理解题。根据Itwasaterriblestorm.，可知海上旅行很危险，故选D。.题意：谁把鲁滨孙带到了摩洛哥的Sallee？考查细节理解题。根据TheTurkishcaptainandhismentookustoSalleeinMorocco.，可知是土耳其船长，故选A。.题意：从这篇文章中我们能推断出什么？考查综合理解题。A.RobinsonwantedtoservetheTurkish鲁滨孙想为土耳其人效劳。B.RobinsonlivedhappilywiththeTurkishcaptain鲁滨孙和土耳其船长幸福地生活在一起。C.RobinsonbecameaslavetotheTurkishcaptain鲁滨孙成了土耳其船长的奴隶。D.RobinsonmadefriendswiththeTurkishcaptain鲁滨孙和土耳其船长交了朋友。根据最后一句ThisTurkishcaptainwasnowmymaster.，可知鲁滨孙成了土耳其船长的奴隶，故选C。3.【2018年江西中考】Ayoungwomanturnsaroundandaroundquickly,andjumpshigh.Inthebackground,ayounggirlreadsarejection（拒绝）letterfromaballetschool.Youhavethewrongbodyforballet,'itsays,'andatthirteen,youaretooold.Thiswasoneofthemostpopularadvertisements（广告）of2014anditdescribesAmericanballetTheatre'sprincipal（主要的）dancerMistyCopeland.Thiswasnotarealletter.ButCopelandsaysitisverysimilartolettersfromherchildhood.Whilemanydancersstartattheageofthree.Copelandonlybegantostudyballetin1995asathirteen-year-old.Peopleoftentoldherthatshewastooold,orthatshedidn'thavetheperfectbodytype（Sheisonly157cmtall）.Herfamilymovedalot,anditwassometimesdifficultforhertoattendballetclasses.ButCopelandloveddancinganddidnotwanttogiveup.Shestayedwithherballetteacherduringtheweekandspenttimewithherfamilyonlyattheweekend.Thiswasadifficultlife,butsheworkedhardandwonherfirstnationalcompetitionwhenshewasfourteenyearsold.CopelandjoinedtheAmericanBalletTheatrein2000andperformedinmanyballetsoverthenextfewyears.In2007,shebecameasolo（单独的）performer,andin2015shebecameitsprincipaldancer.Copelandisnowadancer,authorandBroadwayperformer.Shealsostarsinthe2015filmABallerina'sTale.Sowhat'snext?AccordingtoCopeland,anythingispossible:"Mycareer（职业）reallyisjustnowbeginning.'HowoldwasCopelandwhenshebecametheprincipaldancer?A.13142533WhywasitdifficultforCopelandtoattendballetclasses?Becauseherfamilymovedalot.Becauseshewasnotagooddancer.Becauseshehadnoinvitationletter.Becauseshehadthewrongbodytype.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Copelandbecamesuccessfulbecauseoftheadvertisement.Copelandhadtospendalotoftimeawayfromherparents.Copelandwonherfirstnationalcompetitionasasoloperformer.CopelandhasendeduphercareerasanactressonBroadway.What'sthewriter'sopinionofCopeland?Copelandsetsanexamplewhonevergivesup.Copelandwastoooldtostartballetatthirteen.Copelandhasmadeherachievementsbyaccident.Copelandwasluckytogetsupportfromtheballetschool.【答案】37.D38.A39.B40.A【解析】试题分析：这是一篇记叙文，讲述了曾经因为年龄太大被舞蹈学校拒绝的科普兰凭借自己的努力成为了一名舞蹈家、作家和百老汇演员。诠释了一切皆有可能的道理。37.题意：当她成为首席舞蹈家时，科普兰有多大年纪？考查细节理解和数字理解题。根据第二段第三行Copelandonlybegantostudyballetin1995asathirteen-year-old.1995年她13岁，结合段尾andin2015shebecameitsprincipaldancer.2015年成为首席舞蹈家，可知2015—1995+13=33,故选D。3S.题意：为什么科普兰很难参加芭蕾舞裸？考查细节理解题。根据HerfamiAmoveda：ot:andIfdiffforhertoattendcasses.,可知她老师耀家导致很难去上芭蕾舞课,故选三.题意：根据文童，下列哪一项是正确的勺考查细节理解题口A.Coplandbecameiucceiifu：be-causeofthe因为广告,科普兰成功了口B.Coplandhadto5pe-nda'otof fromheipare-nti,科普兰不得不花很多时间离开父母＜■C.Coplandvonli?tfirstnatxna'compex：vonasa二口:口口出加旧上作为一位独奏演员、科普兰赢得了她的第一次全国比寒口3.CoplandhasGildeduph?rcartelasanam号瓷on”.科普兰结束了她在百老汇的女演员生'涯口根据Sh"stayedwithhetbal'etteacherdurinsthev至kandspoilttimewithhsrfamiS-on：vatthe冒食keiid.,可知她不得不花很多盹间离开父母,故选30.题意：作者对Copeland的看法是什么？考查细节理解题。A.Copelandsetsanexamplewhonevergivesup.科普兰树立了一个永不放弃的榜样。B.Copelandwastoooldtostartballetatthirteen.科普兰年纪太大，不能在十三岁开始芭蕾舞。C.Copelandhasmadeherachievementsbyaccident.科普兰意外地取得了成就。D.Copelandwasluckytogetsupportfromtheballetschool.科普兰很幸运得到芭蕾舞学校的支持。根据短文内容，虽然作者写道她跳芭蕾较晚，但这不是作者的观点而是别人的看法，作者讲述的是Copeland面对困难永不言弃的经历，可知选A。点睛：对于阅读理解题，首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读理解的题目中，所设问题主要有以下几种方式：找主题或概括文章的中心思想、就文中的具体事实和情节进行提问、根据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断等，在细读时，要根据设问的方式，进行有侧重地阅读。1、概括文章中心思想。1）文首呈现主题句。2）文尾出现主题句。3）首尾呼应展现主题。4）文中表述主题。前面提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后再做进一步的解释。5）文章没有主题句。在这种情况下，考生要把所有的细节综合起来。进行逻辑推理，概括归纳出文章的主题句。2.掌握文章的具体事实和重要情节。在考题中，经常会见到就文章中某一具体事实和重要情节进行测试的题目。这就要求考生在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实，重要情节，事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这些都有可能作为测试点。还有一些测试题，要求考生在理解的基础上，通过自己的思维将理解的内容系统化，比如计算、排序等题型。4.【2018年江西中考】Manypeoplesaydolphinsareintelligent.Theyseemtobeabletothink,understandandlearnthingsquickly.Butaretheyassmartashumans,oraretheymorelikecatsanddogs?Dolphinsusetheirbrainsquitedifferentlyfromthewayhumansdo.Butscientistssaydolphinsandhumansareverysimilarinsomeways.How?Likehumans,everydolphinhasitsown"name”.Thenameisaspecialwhistle（哨声）.Eachdolphinchoosesaspecific（特有的）whistleforitself,usuallybyitsfirstbirthdayDolphinsarelikepeopleinotherways,too.They"talk"toeachotheraboutalotofthings-suchastheirage,theirfeelings,andfindingfood.Theyalsouseasystemofsoundsandbodylanguagetocommunicate.Understandingdolphinconversationisnoteasyforhumans.Noone"speaksdolphin"yet,butsomescientistsaretryingtolearn.Dolphinsarealsosocialanimals.Theyliveingroupscalledpods,andtheyoftenjoinothersfromdifferentpodstoplaygamesandhavefun--justlikepeople.Scientistsbelieveplayingtogetherissomethingonlyintelligentanimalsdo.Dolphinsandhumansaresimilarinanotherway:bothspeciesmakeplansforgettingthingstheywant.IntheseasofsouthernBrazil,forexample,dolphinsuseanintelligentplantogetfood.Whentherearefishnearaboat,dolphinssignal（发信号）tothefishermentoputtheirnetsinthewater.Usingthismethod,themencancatchalotoffish.Whydodolphinshelpthemen?Thereisanadvantageforthemtheygettoeatsomeofthefishthatescape（逃脱）fromthenet.Whatisadolphin's“name”？Itisakindofgame.Itisabodysign.Itisadolphin'sage.Itisaspecificsound.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“others“referto?Otherfishes.OtherpeopleOtherdolphinsOthergamesWhatcanweinferfromthepassage?Somescientistscanunderstanddolphinssystemofsounds.Dolphinsprobablyhelpfishermenbyusingtheirbodylanguage.Humansjoindolphins'groupstogetthingswewant.Dolphinscantalktohumansabouttheirageandtheirfeelings.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?Dolphinscancommunicatewitheachotheratbirth.Dolphinsaresocialanimalsbecausetheyplaytogether.Dolphinsaresmartandarelikehumansinsomeways.Dolphinshelphumansdomanythingslikecatchingfish.【答案】41.D42.C43.B44.C【解析】试题分析：这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了海豚在各方面与人类的相似点。.题意：海豚的名字是什么？考查细节理解题。根据Thenameisaspecialwhistle,可知是一种特殊的哨音，故选D。.题意：划线词“others”指的是什么？考查词义理解题。根据Dolphinsarealsosocialanimals.Theyliveingroupscalledpods,andtheyoftenjoinothersfromdifferentpodstoplaygamesandhavefun--justlikepeople.,可知指的是其他的海豚，故选C。.题意：从这篇文章中我们能推断出什么？考查推理判断题。A.Somescientistscanunderstanddolphinssystemofsounds.一些科学家能理解海豚的声音系统。B.Dolphinsprobablyhelpfishermenbyusingtheirbodylanguage.海豚可能通过使用他们的肢体语言来帮助渔民。C.Humansjoindolphins'groupstogetthingswewant.人类加入海豚团体来获得我们想要的东西。D.Dolphinscantalktohumansabouttheirageandtheirfeelings.海豚可以和人类谈论他们的年龄和情感。根据Whentherearefishnearaboat,dolphinssignaltothefishermentoputtheirnetsinthewater.Usingthismethod,themencancatchalotoffish.,可知海豚可能会通过使用他们的肢体语言来帮助渔民捕鱼，故选B。.题意;这篇文童的主要思想是什么?考查主旨理解题。A.Dauphinscancommimicatewi±?a<hoteathtth.海监可以在出生时互相交流/文中没有提及atb1由，故说法错误口3.Polphxsaresocialanimalsbecau竟由看plaFmgttha■.海豚是群居动物，因为它们在一起玩耍；这是结果而非原因」故说法错误口0.Dolphinsaresmartand盯匕醍humansinsom?曾遍三.海豚是聪明的，在某些方面就像人类一样；根据ButscienLstssaydoiphimandhumansarezcrv虫m:aiin3clmtvavs.可知说法正确口D.Dc^phinshEphumansdomany曲电"i跄etching才依海豚帮助人类做很多事情，比如捕鱼？文中没有提到海豚能帮助人类做很多事情，可知说法错误。根据以上分析，故选C,5.【2018年江西中考】Everyyearon15thOctober,over200millionpeoplearoundtheworldtakepartinGlobalHandwashingDay.Butwhydowehaveadayforsomethingwedoallthetime?Well,researchshowsthatnotenoughpeopleoftenwashtheirhandswithsoap.Expertsbelievethatthisleadstothedeathsofmillionsofpeopleeveryyear.Sidibe,apublichealthexpertsayssoapisthemostbeautifulinventioninpublichealth'.Washingyourhandswithsoapcanhaveahugeimpactonreducing（减少）thespreadofdiseases.Handwashingwithsoappreventsbabiesfromgettingillandkeepschildrenhealthyandinschool.However,washinghandswithsoapdoesnothappenasoftenasyoumightthink.Thisispartlybecausetherearen'tenoughresources（资源）inpoorercountries,butit'salsobecauseformanypeople,handwashingissimplynotpartoftheireverydaylife.It'snoteasytogetpeopletochangehabitstheylearnedinearlychildhood--butthisiswhatGlobalHandwashingDaywantstodo.In2008,theIndiancricketteamjoinedaround100millionIndianschoolchildreninwashingtheirhandstopromote（促进）thefirsteverGlobalHandwashingDay.Everyyearsincethen,manydifferenteventshavebeenheldaroundtheworld.In2014.GlobalHandwashingDaywasusedinthefightagainstEbola,averyseriousdisease,witheventsheldinaffected（受感染的）Africancountries.Today,localandnationalleaderscontinuetousethedaytospreadthemessageabouttheimportanceofcleanhands.Thehopeisthathandwashingbecomesanecessarypartofpeople'slivesandimprovesthehealthofmillionsaroundtheworld.WhostartedGlobalHandwashingDay?Publichealthexperts.TheIndians.Africanschoolchildren.Governmentleaders.Whatdoestheunderlinedword""impact"mean?A.Danger.B.Influence.C.Background.D.Problem.What'sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?Washinghandswithsoapisgoodforpublichealth.Washinghandswithsoapdoesn'tbecomepartofpeople'slives.Peopleareholdingmanydifferenteventstofightagainstdiseases.Peopleallovertheworldareencouragedtowashhandswithsoap.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?LearningtoUseSoap.FightingAgainstDiseases.LivingaHealthyLife.ChangingYourHabits.【答案】45.B46.B47.D48.A【解析】试题分析：这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了全球洗手日对清洁双手的促进作用，借全球洗手日来表现清洁双手对人体健康的重要意义。.题意：谁开始了全球洗手日？考查细节理解题。根据第四段In2008,theIndiancricketteamjoinedaround100millionIndianschoolchildreninwashingtheirhandstopromotethefirsteverGlobalHandwashingDay.目的是促进第一个GlobalHandwashingDay，可知选B。.题意：下划线单词“impact”是什么意思？考查词义理解题。根据第二段Washingyourhandswithsoapcanhaveahugeimpactonreducingthespreadofdiseases.Handwashingwithsoappreventsbabiesfromgettingillandkeepschildrenhealthyandinschool.减少疾病传播是好事，可排除AD两项；而C项说的是背景，不合文意，故选B。.题意：最后一段的主要内容是什么？考查细节理解题。A.Washinghandswithsoapisgoodforpublichealth.用肥皂洗手有益于公众健康。B.Washinghandswithsoapdoesn'tbecomepartofpeople'slives.用肥皂洗手不会成为人们生活的一部分。C.Peopleareholdingmanydifferenteventstofightagainstdiseases.人们正在举行许多不同的事件来对抗疾病。D.Peopleallovertheworldareencouragedtowashhandswithsoap.世界各地的人们都被鼓励用肥皂洗手。根据本段内容，讲的是领导继续使用GlobalHandwashingDay，传播洗手的重要性，可知选D。.题意：这篇文章最好的标题是什么？考查主旨理解题。A.LearningtoUseSoap.学习使用肥皂；符合文意，说法正确。B.FightingAgainstDiseases.对抗疾病；不合文意，说法错误。C.LivingaHealthyLife.过上健康的生活；范围过大，不合实际，说法错误。D.ChangingYourHabits.改变你的习惯；范围过大，不合实际，说法错误。根据文意，讲的是GlobalHandwashingDay，强调用水洗手的重要性，故选A。【2018年内蒙古包头市中考】Oneday,astwolittleboyswerewalkingalongtheroad,theypassedawomancarryingalargebasketofapples.Theboysthoughtthewomanlookedverypaleandtired,sotheysaid,“Areyougoingtotown?Ifyouare,wewillcarryyourbasket.""Thankyou,"repliedthewoman,Thenshetoldthemthatshehadadisabledson.Shelivedinasmallhousethreemilesaway,andwasnowgoingtothemarkettoselltheappleswhichgrewontheonlytreeinherlittlegarden.Sheneededthemoneyfortheirliving."Wearegoingthesamewayyouare,"saidtheboysandtheytookholdofthebasket,oneoneachside,andtrudgedalongwithmerryhearts.Thepoorwomanlookedglad,andsaidthatshehopedtheirmotherwouldnotbeangrywiththem."Oh,no,"theyreplied,"ourmotherhastaughtustobekindtoothers,andtobeusefulinanywaythatwecan."Thewomanthenofferedtogivethemafewapplesfortheirhelp."No,thankyou.Wewantnothingforwhatwehavedone,"saidtheboys.Whenthewomangothome,shetoldhersonwhathadhappenedontheroad,andtheywerebothmadehappierthatdaybythekindnessofthetwoboys.Anotherday,thewomansawhissonstopandpickupapieceoforangepeel,whichhethrewintothedustbin."Iwishpeoplewouldnotthroworangepeelonthesidewalk,"saidtheson.“Someonemaywalkuponit,andfall.”“Thatisright,mydear,”shesaid."Itisalittlethingforyoutodowhatyouhavedone,butitshowsthatyou'rethoughtfulandconsiderate."34.Whydidthetwoboyshelpthewomancarrythebasket?Theywantedtoeatsomeapples.Theirteachertoldthemtodothat.Theirmothertaughtthemtobehelpful.Theywereaskedbythewomantohelpher.35.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisTrue?Thewomanhadalotofappletreesinhergarden.Everyonecanbeginwithsmallthingstohelpothers.Thewomandidn'thavemoneytosendhersontoschool.Poorpeoplewereinneedofmorehelpthanrichpeople.Inthethirdparagraph,theunderlinedword"trudged"iscloseinmeaningto.walkeddancedJumpedclimbedWhatcanbeatitleforthepassage?ABasketofApplesMotherandHerSonSmallActofKindnessOntheWaytotheTown【答案】34.C35.B36.A37.C1解析】文章大意：本文讲述了两个小男孩在路上帮助一位妇人背苹果到市场去，这位妇人非常感谢他们,并提出给他们几个苹果，但两个男孩谢绝了。妇人回冢后把这件事告诉了般的残疾儿子。然后有一天，妇人看见他的儿子捡起了一块橘子皮扔进了垃圾箱,并且说「希望人们不要在人行道上仍橘子皮，有人可能会踩到它,然后摔倒Z妇人告诉儿干做得对，并表扬了儿子..细节理解题。根据文中的句子ourmotherhastaughtustobekindtoothers,andtobeusefulinanywaythatwecan.可知，是他们的妈妈教他们要乐于助人，故答案选C。.推理判断题。A、这个女人的花园里有很多苹果树。根据andwasnowgoingtothemarkettoselltheappleswhichgrewontheonlytreeinherlittlegarden.可知A选项错误；B、每个人都可以从小事做起来帮助他人。根据ourmotherhastaughtustobekindtoothers,andtobeusefulinanywaythatwecan.以及Itisalittlethingforyoutodowhatyouhavedone,butitshowsthatyou'rethoughtfulandconsiderate.可知B选项是正确的；C、那个女人没有钱送儿子上学。通读文章的第二段可知本文只是告诉我们那个女人有一个残疾儿子，而且她的生活很拮据，但并没有告诉我们那个女人没有钱送儿子上学，故C选项错误；D、穷人比妇人需要更多的帮助。通读全文可知文中并没有提到这样的话题，所以D选项错误；本题是问哪一个句子是正确的，故答案选B。.词义猜测题。根据"Wearegoingthesamewayyouare,"saidtheboysandtheytookholdofthebasket,oneoneachside,andtrudgedalongwithmerryhearts.“我们和你走的是同一条路”，孩子们说着，抓住篮子，两边各一个，心情愉快地—，由语境可知孩子们是一边一个抬着篮子愉快地向前走去，故答案选A。.标题归纳题。通读全文可知本文是讲述了两个小男孩帮助帮助一位妇人背苹果到市场去，妇人很感激他们。回家后妇人把这件事告诉了她自己的儿子，她的儿子受其影响把路边的橘子皮捡起来仍进了垃圾桶。他们所做的都是微不足道的小事，所以选项C“小小的善举”符合题意，故答案选C。【2018年内蒙古包头市中考】Helloandwelcometo"WordsandTheirStories".Wewillresearchintosomecommonlyusedwordsandexpressions.Aswithotherlanguages,AmericanEnglishisrichinexpressionsthatcomefromanimals.Todaywewilltalkaboutthewolf.WolvesareimportantanimalsinthetraditionsandstoriesofAmerica.BeforetheEuropeansarrivedatnorthAmericainthe1500s,tonative（土著的）Americans,wolvesoftenmeantbeingbrave.However,inEnglish,wolvesarenottobetrusted.Perhapswolvesattackedtoomanypeopleoratetoomanyfarmanimals.Whateverthereason,wolveswerekilledinmanyplaces.Somanydiedthattheyalmostbecameendangered.Theyalsobecameknownasbadanimals.Tobeginwith,thereisanexpressionlonewolfIfwecallsomebodyalonewolf,heisn'tabadperson,buthemayliketodothingsbyhimself.Infact,hesometimesmakesyouthinkhedoesn'twanttobearoundpeoplebecausehedislikesthem.Now,let'smoveontothehome.Parentstelltheirchildrennottowolfdowntheirfood.Inotherwords,thechildeatstooquicklyandwithoutcare.Andifsomeonesaysachildwasraisedbywolves,thatchildhasbadmannersandisbehavinglikeawildanimal.Awolfcallisthenoisemadebyamantoshowthathelikesthe way awomanlooks. Butawolfcallisnotanicething.Thesemensoundrude.Andtrustme, most womenreallyhate wolfcalls.So,theydon'thelpamaninthegameoflove.Bytheway,thereisapopularexpressionaboutwolffroma very old story:awolf insheep'sclothingAwolfinsheep'sclothingdescribessomeonewho acts and looksniceon theoutsidebutisbadontheinside.Ittellsusnottobefooledbyappearances.Whatcanweknowafterreadingthepassage?Wolvesaredangerousandshouldbekilledinordertoprotectotheranimals.OnlyinAmericanEnglishcanweexpecttofindexpressionsaboutwolves.Indifferentareasandtimes,wolvesmakepeoplethinkofdifferentthings.NobodylivedinnorthAmericabeforetheEuropeanswentthereinthe1500s.Ifapersoniscalledalonewolfwhichofthefollowingthingsishemostlikelytodo?A.Helpingclassmatestofinishhomework.Stealingmoneyifnobodyiswatching.Makingmanyfriendswithpeoplearound.Goingtoseeamovieonhisownafterschool.Whichofthefollowingexpressionscanbeusedonastudentwhooftenbreaksschoolrules?A.Alonewolf.Raisedbywolves.Wolfcall.Awolfinsheep'sclothing.Whereisitpossibleforustofindthepassageabove?Abookfortravelguide.Amagazineontradeandbusiness.Asciencereport.AprogramforEnglishlearning.【答案】38.C39.D40.B41.D【解析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了一些关于狼的习惯用语和故事。.细节理解题。根据WolvesareimportantanimalsinthetraditionsandstoriesofAmerica.BeforetheEuropeansarrivedatnorthAmericainthe1500s,tonativeAmericans,wolvesoftenmeantbeingbrave.以及However,inEnglish,wolvesarenottobetrusted.Perhapswolvesattackedtoomanypeopleoratetoomanyfarmanimals.…Theyalsobecameknownasbadanimals.可知C选项“在不同的地区和时代，狼让人们想到不同的东西”符合题意，故答案选C。.细节理解题。根据Ifwecallsomebodyalonewolf,heisn'tabadperson,buthemayliketodothingsbyhimself.可知D选项“放学后自己去看电影”符合题意，故答案选D。.推理判断题。根据Andifsomeonesaysachildwasraisedbywolves,thatchildhasbadmannersandisbehavinglikeawildanimal.可知，一个被狼养大的孩子，那么他的行为举止就像野兽一样，由此可以推知像这样的孩子在学校应该是经常违反校规的，故答案选Bo.文章出处题。根据Helloandwelcam?to''WordsandTheirStorLei".WewillresearchintosomecommonlyusedwardsandexpreEEicms..Aswithothsrlanguages：AmerWan三ng二shisrichine-xpressionsthatcome-fromanimak可知，本文可能在一本英语学习计划里能找到，故答案选D。8.【2018年内蒙古包头市中考】PossibleEarth-LikePlanetNextDoor?Scientistssaytheydiscoveredanearth-likeplanetoutsideoursolarsystem（太阳系）.Itisaplanetthatcouldsupportlife.Thisplanetisjust4.2lightyearsawayfromus.Itissoclosethatspacescientistshaveconsidereditasanextdoorneighbor.Theysayitcouldbereachedbyanunmannedspaceshipbeforetheendofthe century--in timeforpeoplealivetodaytosee it.Aninternationalteam ofscientists foundtheplanetmovingaroundthe starcalled ""ProximaCentauri".Theresult cameoutlast monthfromthescientificmagazine Nature.Scientistshavelongthoughtthataplanetwithwaterisimportantforlife.Andithastobeneithertoohotnortoocold.Thenewly-discoveredplanetisalittlelargerthanearthScientistshavenameditProximaB.Itmovesarounditssun,ProximaCentauri,onceevery11days.Americanscientistshavebeenusinginstrumentsforyearstolookforearth-likeplanets.In2013,scientists'bestguesswasthatthereareaboutonebillion（1,000million）""earths"inspace.AlanBossisthechairmanofagroupforouterspaceresearch.HesaidthatProximaBnotonlyconfirms（确认）thediscoveryofaplanet,butalsoincreasesthenumberofotherpossible“earths”greatly.Bosssaiditispossible,evenlikely,thatmoststarshaveatleastoneearth-likeplanet,whichheconsiderssurprising.Sofromtheearlynumberofabillion,thisnewresearchsuggeststheremaybeasmanypossibleearth-likeplanetsastherearestarsintheGalaxy（银河系）.Thatis,anywherefrom250billionto500billion"earths".ThismakesthepossibilityoflivingthingsincreasinglylikelyBosssaidhebelieveshumanbeingswillbeabletoshowthatthereislifeinplacesbesideseart