上海市2020年高考英语考试真题与答案解析

上海市2020年高考：英语考试真题与答案解析第一部分:听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whohasgivenupsmoking?

A.Jack.B.Frank.C.Thewoman.

2.Whydoesthewomanapologizetotheman?

A.Shebrokehistelephone. B.Shedidn’ttakehimtothehospital. C.Sheforgottotellhimthemessage.

3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

A.Salesgirlandcustomer.B.Passengeranddriver.C.Wifeandhusband.

4.Whatisthewoman’sopinionaboutthecourse?

A.Toohard.B.Worthtaking.C.Veryeasy.

5.Whatisthewomandoing?

A.Sheisapologizing.B.Sheiscomplaining.C.Sheisworrying.

第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出虽佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.WhowantstoattendaUSuniversity?

A.Adaughteroftheman’sfriend. B.Theman’sdaughter. C.Theman’sfriend.

7.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inaclassroom.B.Overthephone.C.Atalanguagecenter.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whatwasthewomandisappointedat?

A.Thespeeches.B.Samantha’spronunciation. C.Theresultofthecompetition.

9.Whatdothemanandthewomandisagreeon?

A.Whosespeechwasbetter. B.Whosepronunciationwasbetter. C.Whosespeechwasmeaningful.

听第8段材料，回答第10、12题。

10.Whatisthewomandoing?

A.Complainingaboutcampusfood. B.Seekingcommentsoncampusfood. C.Pushingforchangesincampusfood.

11.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthecampusfood?

A.Acceptable.B.Excellent.C.Unsatisfied.

12.Whatisthemanunhappywith?

A.Thevegetable.B.Theclosingtime.C.Thesoup.

听第9段材料，回答第13、16题。

13.WhatdoesJanconsidermostimportantwhenhejudgesarestaurant?

A.Wheretherestaurantis.B.Whetherthepricesarelow. C.Howwellthefoodisprepared.

14.WhendidJanbegintowriteforamagazine?

A.AfterhecamebacktoSweden. B.BeforehewenttotheUnitedStates.

C.Assoonashegothisfirstjobin1982.

15.WhatmayJandotofindagoodrestaurant?

A.Talktopeopleinthestreet.B.Speaktotaxidrivers. C.Askhotelclerks.

16.WhatdoweknowaboutJan?

A.Hecooksforarestaurant.B.Hetravelsalotforhiswork. C.HeprefersAmericanfood.

听第10段材料，回答第17、20题。

17.Whoisthespeaker?

A.ATVhost.B.Aradiohost.C.Aprofessor.

18.WhatdidtheHarvardstudyfind?

A.Fastreadersgetthebestgrades. B.Parents’educationisthemostimportanttoakid’ssuccess.

C.Morebooksathomemeansuccessinschool.19.Accordingtothespeaker,whatisthebestpartofreading?

A.It’safunactivity.B.It’srelaxingatbedtime. C.It’sagreatwaytocommunicate.

20.Whenshouldparentsstartloreadtotheirkids?

A.Asearlyaspossible.B.Whentheirkidslearntospeak. C.Assoonastheirkidscanholdabook.

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节,满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Attendingcollegecanbeexpensive,andapplyingtocollegecanbecostlyaswell.Withtoday’scollegeapplicationfeesaveragingaround$80,youcanexpecttospendhundredsofdollarsoncollegebeforeyouareevenacceptedintoaschool.

Oneoftheeasiestwaystosavemoneyoncollegeapplicationfeesbeforeyoubeginapplyingistonarrowdownyourlistofschools.Tosavemoney,trytolimittheschoolstowhichyouapplytoabout2-3reachschoolsand2-3safetyschools.

Atsomeschools,beingarelativeofagraduatecansecureyouafreeapplication.Ifyouareapplyingtoaschoolwhereoneofyourparentsorgrandparentsisaformergraduate,checktoseeifyou’requalifiedforit.

Researchthepreferredmethodofapplyingforeachschoolonyourlist.Someschoolsofferfreeonlineapplications,yetchargeafeeforpapersubmissions.Thisisbecauseonlineapplicationssaveschoolsthecostofemployingastaffmembertophysicallyentertheapplicationinformation.

Severalstates,suchasMichiganandNorthCarolina,takepartinCollegeApplicationWeek,wheremanyschoolsintheparticipatingstatescanceltheirapplicationfeefortheweek.BesuretocontacttheschoolstoIjwhichyouareapplyingtoseeiftheyparticipateinCollegeApplicationWeekandwhentheprogramtakesplaceinthatstate.

Applyforearlyadmission.Ifyouhavealreadydecidedonwhichcollegeisyourtopchoice,considerapplyingunderanEarlyActionorEarlyDecisionadmissionprogram.Ifyouareaccepted,youwon’thavetosubmitapplicationfeestootherschools.

Formoreinformationregardingcollegeapplicationsandthefeesassociatedwiththem,contactyourhighIschooladvisorortheadmissionsdepartmentatyourschool(s)ofinterest.

21.Thepassageismainlywrittento______.

A.introducefamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStales

B.showsomepracticalwaystoapplyanidealcollege

C.advertiseforsuccessfulapplicationsandadvisors

D.offertipstosavemoneyoncollegeapplicationfees22.Whatdoestheauthoradvisetodointhesecondparagraph?

A.Writedownyourfavoriteuniversities.

B.Reducethenumberofyouruniversitychoices.

C.Applytotwouniversitieseachtime.

D.Mindyoursafetywhenapplyingtocollege.

23.Someschoolsofferfreeonlineapplicationto______,

A.receivefeesfasterthanbefore B.employsomeoneelsetoworkC.cutdownthecostofemployment D.entertheapplicationinformation24.Itcanbeknownfromthepassagethat______,

A.applicationfeemightbecanceledconditionally

B.manycountriesattendCollegeApplicationWeek

C.applyingforearlyadmissionisthebestpolicy

D.admissiondepartmentsdetermineyourfuture

B

Everyyear,some6.9millionchildrenundertheageoffivediefromdiseaseslikemalaria,pneumoniaandHIV.Theuntoldstoryofchildsurvivalisthattheglobalcommunitynowhasthecombinedknowledge,technicalknow-howandaffordabletoolstoendsuchchilddeaths.Evidenceshowsthatitispossibletodecreaseunder-fivedeathratesindevelopingcountriestolevelsapproachingthoseinwealthiercountries.

Thatiswhy4yearsago—June,2012—theUS,EthiopiaandIndiajoinedtheUnitedNationsChildren’sFund(orUNICEF)tolaunchChildSurvivalCalltoAction,aglobalefforttosavechildren’slives.Thegoalwastolowerchilddeathratesinthehardest-hitcountriesto20deathsper1,000livebirthsbytheyear2035.

Zambiastartedaplanfocusedonnutritionandimmunization(免疫)thatwillsavemorethan26,000childreneachyear.Congoisdistributingpre-packagedsuppliestopreventandtreatthemostcommonkillers.Theyhopetosavethelivesofhalfamillionchildrenby2017.SimilareffortsaretakingplaceinEthiopia,Bangladesh,Yemen,andelsewhere.

ChildSurvivalpartnercompaniesarealsodevelopinglife-savingvaccines(疫苗)andtreatmentfordiarrhea.Privateenterprisersandmedicalprofessionalsaretrainingandequippinghealthworkersin54countrieswithlife-savingtools.Stillothersaredevelopinganddeliveringsafewatertreatmentandstorageproducts.

“Thishigh-levelforuminspiredaglobalmovement—CommittingtoChildSurvival:APromiseRenewed,”wroteUNICEFExecutiveDirectorAnthonyLake.“Fouryearspassing,itcontinuestobuildand,today,174countriesandover400civilsocietyandfaith-basedorganizationshavetakenupthechargeintheirowncommitments.Whilewestillhavealongwaytogo,thefirst4yearshaveseenimpressivegains.”25.Theunderlinedword“those”inParagraph1refersto______.

A.6.9millionunder-fivechildren B.affordabletoolstoendchilddeath

C.deathsinthedevelopingcountries D.deathratesofchildrenunderfive26.ChildSurvivalCallToActionwasfoundedto______.

A.improvethelivingconditionsforpoorchildren

B.decreaseunder-fivedeathratesinsomecountries

C.raisesomemoneytosavechildren’slivesD.savechildreninthepoorestcountries27.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Alldiseasescanbepreventedortreated.

B.Governmentsandpartnersjoinedtheinitialeffort.

C.Nutritionholdsthekeytolowerthedeathrates.

D.Onlygovernmentsmadetheirbesttoreducethedeaths.28.HowdoesAnthonyLakefeeltowardsChildSurvivalCalltoAction?

A.Time-consuming. B.Wasteful. C.Positive. D.Cold.

C

Howyoufeelandreacttoyourenvironmentonaday-to-daybasiscanbemeasuredbyyourbehavior,thoughts,andemotions.Yourpersonalitygivesyouaway!

Therearefourfundamentalcharacteristicsofpersonality.First,itisconstantandpeopletendtobehaveinthesamewaywhentheymeetsimilarsituations.Second,personalitynotonlyinfluencesactions,butitalsoactuallycausespeopletobehaveinspecificways.Third,personalityisinfluencedbybothpsychologicalandbiologicalfactors.Finally,personalityisexpressednotonlyinbehaviors,butthroughemotions,thoughts,socialbehavior,andcloserelationships.

Howtheworlddistinguishesyouisadirectreflectionofandreactiontohowyoupresentyourselftothem.Race,age,andsexarequalitiesyouhavenocontrolover,butcertainlycontributetoyourpersonalitybecauseofhowtheworldsensesyoubasedonthem.Apersonwhocontinuouslyexperiencesracialdiscriminationmayguardhimselfagainstitbyatfirstseemingcoldandunfriendly.Butonceheopensup,youmaydiscoversomeonecompletelydifferentinside.

Physicalones,whichyoudevelopovertime,alsocontributetoyourpersonality,andincludewalkingpace,eyecontact,andfacialexpressions.Howyouwanttheworldtoseeyouinfluenceshowyoupresentyourselftoothers.Characteristicssuchasaltitude,responseandgeneralmindsetcreatethesurfaceofyourone-of-a-kindpersonality.

Ifyou’relikemanypeople,theaspectsofyourpersonalityyouchoosetoshowmightdependonthepeopleyoumeet.Forinstance,thepersonalityyouexhibitaroundyourbossisprobablyalotdifferentfromthepersonalityyoushowtoyourclosestfriends.Alloftheseelementsmakeupthe“you”thatonlyyoutrulyknow.Andonlyyoucandecidewhentosharethesepartsofyourpersonalitywithothercolleagues.

29.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Someaspectsofpersonality. B.Waystodeveloppersonality.

C.Whatcontributestopersonality. D.Whypersonalityisimportant.

30.ItcanbeknownfromParagraph2that______.

A.one’spersonalityismerelydeterminedbybirth

B.personalityconsistsofbehavior,thoughtsandrelationships

C.personalityhasnothingtodowithone’scareerlife

D.theenvironmentandthesituationinfluenceone’spersonality31.Theintendedreadersforthepassageareprobably______.

A.receptionists B.students C.officeclerks D.policeofficers

D

Formany,DaylightSavingTime(DST:夏令时)simplymeansrememberingtochangetheclocksandtwistingyoursleepschedule.“Eventhoughthetimechangeisonlyanhour,itissomethingthatcausesmuchmoredestructionthanpeoplebelieve,”saidDr.JohnSharp,apsychologistandpsychiatristatBeth-IsraelDeaconessMedicalCenterinBoston.“It’snotjustanextrahourofsleep;it’smoreofafast-forwardintowinter.”

Withdaysgettingdarkerearlier,Sharpsuggestsmakingato-dolistforactivitiesafterworkaheadoftime.“Anyplansyouhave,say,goingtothegymafterwork,requiremuchmoreeffortanddetermination.It’smuchbettertoplanmorecarefullyandnotjustrelyonhowyoufeel,especiallywhenitisdarkout,”hesaid.“Figureitoutinadvanceandstickwiththeplan.”

Inaddition.SharpsaysintheweeksafterDaylightSaving,somemayfeelliketheyhaveabiggerappetite.“Eatingmoreduringthistimeisnottheanswer.Peopleneedtostayonaneatingscheduleandkeepuphealthyhabits.”

However,Sharpsaidtherearewaystobetteracclimateyourselftothetimechange.Ifyouarehavingtroublesleeping,hesuggeststakingsomemelatonin(退黑激素)intheevening.Incontrast,ifyoufindyourselffeelingsleepy.Sharpsaidthereisnothingwrongwithaddinganextracaffeinateddrinkduringyourday.

Awordtothewise?Onesurewaytobetteradjusttothetimechangeistostartgoingtobed15minutesearlierstartingfourdaysbeforeDaylightSaving,addinganadditional15minuteseachnight.32.Whichisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AreyoupreparedforDST? B.WhyDSTwasintroduced?

C.WhatDSThasbroughttolife? D.HowDSThasbeenpopular?

33.WhatdoesJohnSharpsuggestinParagraph2?

A.Gettingupearlierthanbefore. B.Stickingtothedailyroutine.

C.Beingawareofqualitysleep. D.Gettingwell-preparedforDST.

34.Theunderlinedword“acclimate”inParagraph4canbereplacedby______.

A.adopt B.accelerate C.adapt D.acknowledge

35.Thepassageisprobablytakenfrom______.

A.ascientificreport B.aninterview C.aspeech D.astatement

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

SomeWaystoAvoidGettingSick

Nobodyenjoysbeingsickbuteventhebestofuscanfallsick.Changesintheenvironment,suchasthequalityoftheairwebreathe,canleadtodevelopmentofcertainillnesseslikeallergiesorcancer,whenthebody’sownimmunesystemworksagainstit.36.___1.EatHealthily.

Firstofall,sticktoahealthydiet.Evenifyoueatless,itisofgreathelpnottoskipmeals.Breadwithbutter/jam,aneggormilkatbreakfast,orfruitsorfruitjuicewouldbegoodforbreakfast.37.___Dinnerideallyshouldconsistofsoupandvegetablesornon-vegetarianfare.Rewardyourselfwithsomecookies,evenchocolatesduringthedayorattea-time.

2.38.___

Exercisingisvital.Youdon’thavetobeafitnessfreak.Performingsomehouseholdchoresorshoppingorevenclimbingstairsinsteadoftakingthelifthelpstobumoffcalories.Exercisesatthebeginningofthedaywillhelpmoreandtoneupthebody.Theheavy-eatershavetoexercisemore,andvigorously.

3.Saynotocigarettesmoking.

It’sbeenmedicallyproved—cigarettesmokingdoescausecancer,butsadlypeoplegetaddicted.

39.___Ifpeoplearoundyoucansufferfromsecondarysmoking,howmuchareyouhurtingyourself?Cigar-smokingisrecommendedforthosewholovetolightup.

4.Cheersforthegoodnews!

Wealllikethecupthatcheers.Poetshavewrittenpoemstoalcohol,songstersaregreatfansandeveryoneraisesatoastnowandthen.40.___Ifyoulovelodrink,consultyourphysicianandworkoutwhatandhowmuchsuitsyoubest.

A.Doingexerciseisamust.

B.Haveascheduleddailyroutine.

C.Thenexttimeyouwanttoreachoutforthatcigarettepacket,thinkagain.

D.Wecantry,however,tomaintaingoodhealthbypickingupafewhealthyhabits.E.Lunchcanbelight,perhapsvegetable/cheese—chickenandsteaksareavailableforthenon-porkeaters.

F.Buttoomuchofalcoholorwineissuretobumupsomethinginsideyou,whichwon’tbecaloriesbutacertainorganofthebody.

G.Apeacefulwalkcanalsohelpyoutorelaxasyouarebathedinthesunshine—oxygenandvitaminD—whileyoubumupcaloriesinafavoritemanner.

第三部分:英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节完形填空（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

WhenIwasfour,Ilostmysightbyfallingoffaboxcarandlandingonmyhead.NowI’mthirty-two.Ican41___rememberthebrightnessofsunshineandwhatcolorredis.It’dbewonderfultoseeagain,buta42___candostrangethingstopeople.

It43___metheotherdaythatImightn’thavecometolovelifeasIdonowifIhadn’tbeen44___.Thelossofmyeyesmademe45___themorewhatIhadleft.

Ittookmeyearstodiscoverandstrengthenthis46___.Ithadtostartwiththemost47___things.Onceamangavemeanindoor48___“Ican’tusethis,”Iwashurt,thinkinghe’s49___me.“Takeitwithyou,”heurgedme,“androllitaround.”Thewords50___inmyhead.ByrollingtheballIcould51___whereitwent.Thisgavemeanidea52___toachievethegoalIhadthought53___:playingbaseball.Later,atPhiladelphia’sOverbrookSchoolfortheBlind,I54___asuccessfulvariation(变体)ofbaseball.Wecalleditgroundball.

Lifeasksacontinuousseriesof55___toreality—Ibelieveit!Themore56___you’reabletomakethem,themorepeacefulyourprivateworldbecomes.Theadjustmentisnevereasy.Iwasonce57___andafraid,knowingnowheretogo.ButIwas58___.Myparentsandteacherssawsomethinginmeapotentialtolive.

Thehardest59___Ihadtolearnwastobelieveinmyself.HadInotdonethat,I’dhave60___andbecomeachairrockerfortherestofmylife.I’dfailsometimesanywaybutonaverageImadeprogress.

41.A.totally B.vaguely C.basically D.hopefully

42.A.crash B.comedy C.disaster D.story

43.A.appealedto B.happenedto C.referredto D.occurredto

44.A.blind B.affected C.lame D.attacked

45.A.regard B.measure C.appreciate D.praise

46.A.theory B.principle C.rule D.belief

47.A.fundamental B.wonderful C.interesting D.creative

48.A.boxcar B.baseball C.groundball D.softball

49.A.consulting B.encouraging C.scolding D.teasing

50.A.stuck B.dropped C.faded D.died

51.A.notice B.feel C.hear D.smell

52.A.when B.how C.whether D.where

53.A.realistic B.reasonable C.impossible D.potential

54.A.experimented B.invented C.promoted D.bought

55.A.trials B.efforts C.adjustments D.comments

56.A.readily B.comfortably C.precisely D.differently

57.A,delighted B.inspired C.frightened D.puzzled

58.A.shocked B.lucky C.unwilling D.disappointed

59.A.lecture B.message C.text D.lesson

60.A.brokendown B.takenoff C.pulledthrough D.stoodout

第三部分:英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第二节（共10小題：每小题1.5分,满分15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。

InsouthernPortugal,scientistsfromtheUniversityofEdinburghhaverecentlyfoundsomefossil(化石)remainsofa61.(previous)unknownspecies(物种)ofacrocodile-like“supersalamander”.

Thespeciescouldgrowuptosixfeetin62.(long).Itlivedinlakesandrivers.Itwaspartofawidergroupofprimitiveamphibians(两栖动物)63.werewidespreadatthetimebutdiedoutintheend.Theyaretheancestorsofmodemamphibianssuchasfrogs.Theyarebelievedbyscientists64.(live)atthesametimethedinosaursbegantheirrule.

SteveBrusatteledthestudy.Hesaidthenewspecieshad65.(hundred)ofsharpteeth.Itlookssomehow“strange”66.(compare)toanythingtoday.

Feedingmainly67.fish,itwasatthetopofthefoodchain.Butit’salso68.dangerfornewlyappeareddinosaursandmammalsthatmovedtoonearthewater.

Theteamsaysthefindingconfirmsthatthisgroupofamphibianslivedina69.(diverse)geographicareathanhadbeenthought.

Thedigbeganin2009andtookseveralyears.The“supersalamander”bones70.(discover)inahalf-meterthicklayerofrockinahillside.Theteamhopestoraisefundstocontinueexploringthesite.

第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分）

第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改短文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共存10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。Organicfoodsareusuallymoreexpensive,makespeopleunwillingtospendtheextramoney.Besides,theydohavecertainadvantages.

Tobeginwith,farmersdoesn’tuseharmfulchemicalsonorganicallygrownfoods.Asmatteroffact,thisisoneofthereasonsthatorganicfoodsaremoreexpensive.Withoutsuchchemicals,theyneedmorecaretostayhealth.

Organicallygrownfoodsalsohadmorenutritionthanregularonesbecausethesoiliscarefuldoneinahigherstandard.Accordingtostudy,organicallygrownfoodsprovidewith21.1percentmoreironsand27percentmorevitaminCthanregularonesontheaverage.

第二节书面表达(共1题,满分25分)

共享单车(bike-sharing)在中国发展迅猛,为出行带来了便利,有效缓解了交通压力。但近来共享单车任意弃放、随意毁坏、人为上锁‘窃为己有’等现象令人忧心。某英文报社现以Howtodealwiththeproblemsinbike-sharing为题征稿。请你与一篇文章谈谈这一现象,分析其原因并提出一些解决办法。

注意:1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

答案解析

第一部分：

1-5ACCBB6-10ABCAB11-15ABCAA16-20BBCCA

第二部分：

第一节：

21-25DBCAD26-30BBCAD31-35CADCB

第二节：

36-40DEACF

第三部分：第一节：

41-45BCDAC46-50DABDA51-55CBCBC56-60ADBDA

第二节：

61.previously62.length63.that/which64.tohavelived65.hundreds

66.compared67.on68.a69.morediverse70.werediscovered

第四部分：第一节：

第二节：Possibleversion

Howtodealwiththeproblemsinbike-sharing

Bike-sharingisflourishinginChina,butasithasgrownproblemshavearisen.Manypeoplejustleavethebikesanywhere,withoutgivingathoughttowhethertheyarecausinganobstruction.Someofthebikesarelockedbyselfishuserssootherscannotusethem.

Mostoftheproblemsarebecausethemarkethasexpandedsorapidly.Consequently,therehasnotbeentimetoaddresstheissueswhentheyemergeandbeforetheybecomeaproblem.

Tosolvetheproblemsrequiresthecooperationofallthoseinvolved.Localgovernmentsneedtoestablishareaswherethebicyclescanbeleftandensurebi