2021初高中英语语法衔接专题11

Unitl词汇与语法一.语境记单词Teenagelifeisfullofadventuresandchallenges.Someteenagersliketodovolunteerwork.andotherspreferextra-curricularmovementssuchasorganizingdebates,studyingliterature,dancingballetandcleaningupthegreenhouses.Butmorepeoplesignupforadvancedcoursessuitablefortheirtaste.Actually,someteenagersfeelconfusedintheiryouth,andtheirbehavioursaresometimesconfusing.Theyfeelthereisagenerationgapbetweenthemselvesandadults,soexpertsaretryingtofindasuitablesolution.Johnsonisafreshman.HeissoattractedtoChineseliteraturethathehasquithisstudiesinChicagoandcometoChina.Obviously,withthehelpofhisteacher,hisChinesehasimprovedgreatlyandhecanspeakfluentChinesenow.Accordingtotheschedule,hewillgraduatenextyear.HeisfocusingonancientChineseliteratureandisaddictedtoTangpoetry.Thetopicortitleofhisresearchcontentis“thedifferencesbetweenEasternandWesternliterature”.AneditorresponsiblefortheresearchhasrecommendedsomeclassicalChineseliteraturetohim.二.重点词汇解析l.debaten,辩论；争论vt.&vi.辩论；争论(l)debate(withsb.)about/on/oversth.(与某人)辩论/讨论某事(2)underdebate在讨论中；在辩论中Afteryearsofheateddebate,_graywolveswerereintroducedtoYellowstoneNationalPark.经过多年的激烈辩论，灰狼重新回到黄石国家公园。Wedebatedwiththemonthequestiontilllateintothenight.我们就这个问题和他们辩论到深夜。AsfarasIknow,theproposalisstillunderdebate.据我所知，这一提议还在讨论中。Thewholeclasswilldebatewhetherthemobilephonesshouldbebannedatschool.整个班级将讨论是否应该禁止在学校使用手机。单句语法填空Thetwosidesdebatedeachotherthequestionoftheoriginoftheuniverse.Thequestionofbuildingathirdairportisstill debate.We'redebatingwhetherornot(go)skiingthiswinter.2021初高中英语语法衔接.preferv.较喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物X教材P12)(1)prefertodo/doing...更喜欢做 prefersb.todo...更喜欢让某人做 prefersth./doing...tosth./doing...与 相比更喜欢 (2)preferencen.偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物haveapreferencefor...偏爱 NexttimeIprefer_to_stayathomeandstudy!下次我更喜欢待在家里学习！NowadaysmanychildrenprefersurfingtheInternetathometotakingexerciseoutdoors.如今许多孩子宁可待在家里上网，也不愿意到户外进行锻炼。Ateachershouldnothaveapreferenceforanyoneofhispupils.教师不应偏爱任何一个学生。(1)单句语法填空Iprefertalkshowsmovies.Sheisverytraditional;sheprefers(dress)formallytowearingsportsclothes.Ithinkthat'snothowyouprefer(do)things.(2)单句写作我们要的是质量而不是数量。Wequalityquantity..challengen.挑战；艰巨任务vt.怀疑；向……挑战(l)challengesb.todosth.激励某人做某事challengesb.tosth.向某人挑战某事(2)faceachallenge面临挑战meet/takeupachallenge迎接挑战(3)challengingadj.挑战性的It'smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit'sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit'sannoyingandunnecessary.更可能的是，我们中的任何一个人都没有开始一次谈话，因为这很尴尬和具有挑战性，或者我们认为这是烦人和不必要的。Mikechallengedmeto(play)anothertennisgame.迈克向我挑战再打一场网球比赛。Hisnewfindingschallenged_him_to_rethinktheskillshewasusing.他的新发现激励他重新思考他所使用的技巧。2021初高中英语语法衔接Marynowfhces_the_biggestchallengeofhercareer.玛丽现在正面临她事业上最大的挑战。(1)单句语法填空Althoughthegamewas(challenge),hechallengedhimselfitwithouthesitation.Itisa(challenge)jobformetocurechildrenoftheirbadhabits.(2)单句写作Creatinganatmosphereinwhichemployeesfeelpartofateam是一个巨大的挑战).Theeconomyofthiscountry(正面临着另一个挑战)..confusevt.使糊涂；使迷惑；混淆(l)confuseAwith/andB将A和B混淆(2)confusingadj.难以理解的；不清楚的confusedadj,糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的，难懂的be/getconfused被弄糊涂(3)confusionn.混乱；困惑confusionabout/over/asto关于 的困惑，不确定inconfusion困窘；尴尬Confused,_Isimplybasedmydecisionontheratings.我很困惑，我只是根据评分来决定。Theinstructionsontheboxareveryconfusing.盒子上的使用说明令人费解。Hiswritingissoconfusedthatit'sdifficulttomakeoutwhatheistryingtoexpress.他的作文如此难懂，以至于很难弄清楚他到底想表达什么。Ican'tseehowanyonecouldconfuse_you_withanotherperson!我不明白怎么会有人把你和另外一个人搞混！(1)单句语法填空IalwaysconfuseJohnhisbrother;theyaresomuchalike.Iwouldoftenget(confuse)whenIcameacrossnewwordswithasimilarspelling.Therewasa lookonhisfacewhenhemetwitha problem.(confuse)(2)单句写作对此再解释一下很重要，否则我们会使学生困惑。Itisimportanttoexplainthisagainorwe .口我们究竟是赢是输，情况不太清楚。Therewassome whetherwehadwonorlost.口他困窘地看着我，没有回答问题。Helookedatmeanddidn'tanswerthequestion.2021初高中英语语法衔接.fluentadj.(尤指外语)流利的；熟练的(1)befluentin...讲一口流利的 (2)fluentlyadv.流利地；熟练地IcanspeakfluentMandarinandCantoneseaswellassomeEnglish.我能说流利的普通话和广东话，也能说一些英语。Shewas_fluent_inGerman,FrenchandEnglish.她的德语、法语和英语都很流利。Tomysurprise,hespokeArabicfluently.让我惊讶的是，他的阿拉伯语说得很流利。一句多译他的西班牙语很流利。HeisSpanish.HeisaofSpanish.HeSpanish..graduatevi.&vt.毕业；获得学位n.毕业生(l)graduatefrom从 毕业graduatein毕业于( 专业)(2)graduationn.毕业aftergraduationfrom...从 毕业之后MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthisjobwasnogameforhim;hemeantbusiness.莫里斯・阿什利是个善良聪明的人，以前是从这里毕业的，现在又回来教书了，这份工作对他来说不是游戏，而是一种责任。Hegraduated_fromYorkwithadegreeinPsychology.他毕业于约克大学，获心理学学士学位。OnlythirtystudentsgraduatedinChineselastyear.去年只有三十名学生获得汉语学士学位。Afterhegraduatedfromhighschool,Herriotmadeuphismindtobeavet,especiallyfordogs.=Afterhisgraduation_fromhighschool,Herriotmadeuphismindtobeavet,especiallyfordogs.高中毕业后，赫里奥特决定做一名兽医，尤其是为狗治病。单句语法填空Asanew(graduation),hedoesn'tknowwhatittakestostartabusinesshere.Whentheboysgraduatedhighschool,AnnmovedtoasmalltowninVermont.Afterhis(graduate)fromcollege,hecametoBeijing,beganworkingandstartedanewlife.2021初高中英语语法衔接.recommendvt.推荐；建议；介绍；劝告(l)recommenddoingsth.建议做某事recommendsb.todosth. 建议某人做某事recommendsth.tosb. 把某物推荐给某人recommendsb.as...推荐某人为 recommend+that...建议 ［从句中的谓语动词用(should+)动词原形］(2)recommendationn.推荐；介绍信Herecommends_wearingsafetyequipmentwhileinspectingtheconstructionsite.他建议视察建筑工地时要佩戴安全装备。Irecommend_you_thatyou(should)thinkverycarefullybeforeyoudoanythingfoolish.=Irecommend_you_to_thinkverycarefullybeforeyoudoanythingfoolish.我建议你三思，以防做出任何蠢事。Herecommendedme_asmonitorinourclass.他推荐我做我们班的班长。(1)单句语法填空We'drecommendyou(book)yourflightearly.Westronglyrecommend(report)theincidenttothepolice.Irecommend(that)he(see)alawyer.(2)一句多译我建议他买这本书。Irecommendthebook.Irecommendthebook.Irecommendthatthebook..advancen.进步，进展v.前进；促进；提前adj.提前的，预先的(l)makeanadvance/advancesin在某方面有进步/发展(2)inadvance(=aheadoftime)提前inadvanceof比 进步；在 之前(3)advancedadj.高级的；进步的；先进的Thiswillfurtheradvancethefriendlyrelationsbetweenthetwocountries.这将进一步促进两国的友好关系。Wehave_madegreatadvancesindevelopingourship—buildingindustry.我们在发展造船工业方面有了很大的进步。Iwouldliketowarnyouin_advancethatifyousmokedhereyouwouldbefined.我想提前提醒你，如果你在这里吸烟，你就会被罚款。2021初高中英语语法衔接Ifyouaren'tnervousaboutthecomingexam,youaresuretobefarin_advanceofyourclass.如果你对即将到来的考试不紧张，你一定会在班上遥遥领先的。Havingshownyouaroundourschool,Iwillintroduceourmostadvancedsciencelabtoyou.领着您参观我们学校后，我将向您介绍我校最先进的科学实验室。语段填空决心去国外学习这项先进的技术，他已做了提前的准备，并提前申请了护照。他相信他会在这一领域取得巨大进步并且遥遥领先于他的同学。Determinedtolearnthe□technologyabroad,hehasmade□preparationsandappliedforapassport□.Hebelieveshewill□thisfieldandbefar□ hisclassmates.9.obviouslyadv,明显地，显而易见地obviousadj,明显的，显而易见的beobvioustosb,对某人来说显而易见Itisobvious(tosb.)that...(对某人来说) 很明显Obviously,he'sfalleninlovewiththegirl.显而易见，他爱上了这个女孩。Thedisadvantagesare_obvious_tous.这些不利条件对我们而言是显而易见的。Itwasquiteobvioustoherthatshewasnotoptimisticaboutherfuture.很显然她对她的前途不乐观。(1)单句语法填空Itisobvioususthatheisnotresponsibleforthismistake.Dietandexerciseare(obvious)importantifyouwanttoloseweight.(2)单句写作老的方法显然不能满足新的要求。 thattheoldmethodcannotmeetnewrequirements.'llfindawaytoimproveonmyownso_thatIcanmaketheteamnextyear.我会努力提高自己的足球水平，这样明年我就可以加入球队了。sothat这样，因此；为了，以便(1)结果(引导结果状语从句)(2)以便于(引导目的状语从句)，相当于inorderthat，此时从句中常含有情态动词can,could,may等。Weplantedmanyflowers,so_thatthegardensoonlookedbeautiful.我们种了很多花，因此花园很快就看起来很漂亮。Iworkedveryhardso_thatIcouldpasstheexams.2021初高中英语语法衔接我学习很用功，以便能考试及格。句型转换LiuHairansofastthathewasthewinneroftheboy's1000—metrerace.—LiuHairanveryfast,hewasthewinneroftheboy's1000—metrerace.Theytalkedinlowvoiceinorderthatotherswouldnotbeaffected.—Theytalkedinlowvoiceotherswouldnotbeaffected.ll.responsibleadj.有责任的，应负责任的(教材P14)(1)beresponsiblefor应对 负责，对 有责任beresponsibletosb.对某人负责(2)responsibilityn.责任，责任心takeresponsibilityfor承担对 的责任，为 负责asenseofresponsibility责任感haveresponsibilityfor对 有责任，对 负责He'saveryresponsiblesortofperson.他是个非常有责任心的人。Iam_responsible_forthematter.Noneofothers'business.这件事由我负责，踉旁人不相干。Thegovernmentwill_be_responsible_tothePresidentalone.政府只对总统一人负责。Weneedtotakeresponsibilityforourownhealth.我们必须对自己的健康负责。TheActprovidesthatonlytheparentsofachildhaveresponsibilityforthechild'sfinancialsupport.法令规定只有孩子的父母才有责任为孩子提供经济支持。(1)单句语法填空Weshouldbe (responsibility)fortheworkandkeepteamworkspiritinmind.Ihaveclearlyunderstoodmysafety(responsible)atwork.I'mresponsible myboardofdirectors.(2)单句写作Hestillfelt (负有责任)herdeath.Thiswillhelpthembuildup (责任感)sinceyoung.随堂演练□.单词拼写Hestudiesclassical(文学),butalsotakesaninterestinhistory.2021初高中英语语法衔接Hispoemswerepublishedunderthe（题目）of“LoveandReason”.It's（明显地）notusedverymuch.Theweatherisaconstant（话题）ofconversationinBritain.Sheisthe（编辑）oftheWashingtonPost.Hehasbeenforcedtoadjusthis（日程安排）.Asa（大学新生）,Iamlookingforwardtomycollegelife.He（停止）hisjobasanofficialbecauseofbadhealthlastmonth.Heneedsthreemorecreditsto（毕业）.Hisqualityoflife（改善）greatlysincetheoperation.口.选词填空berecommendthat, alittleconfusing,signup,sothat,responsiblefor.BringitnearerImayseeitbetter..Ifyouwanttocomeinontheproject,youmustimmediately..Evenwhenparentsnolongerlivetogether,theyeachcontinuetotheirchildren..Iyouwriteasmuchasyoucan..Whattheytoldmeis.口.单句写作.我爷爷1972年高中毕业。Mygrandfatheraseniorschoolin1972..她学习了8种外语，但是只能流利地说其中6种。Shestudiedeightforeignlanguagesbutisonlysixofthem..我能提前报名上这一课程吗？CanIthiscourseinadvance?.显然，你也需要改进学习方法。,youalsoneedtolearningmethods..她参加了许多课外活动。She'sinvolvedinmany.语法解析把下列句子中的画线部分翻译成汉语.Wesatinthe_station'swaitingroomuntilevening..Hiscompanysupplieskitchenequipment.2021初高中英语语法衔接.Holidayflightsaregettingless_and_less_expensive..Thegirlbecamequitecheerfulatthegoodnews..IthinkhesingswonderfUllywell..Theharerunspretty_fast.一、名词短语：是以名词为中心词的单词群（一）名词短语中修饰名词的有：形容词、数词、代词、名词、分词、介词短语、不定式或副词.形容词修饰名词The_little_boyneedsa_blue_pen.小男孩需要一支蓝色的钢笔。.数词修饰名词相当于形容词Therearetwojboysintheroom.房间里有两个男孩。.代词或名词所有格修饰名词HisnameisTom.他的名字是汤姆。Therearetwoboysof_Tomsthere那儿有汤姆家的两个男孩。.介词短语修饰名词The_boy_in_blueisTom.穿蓝色衣服的孩子是汤姆。5．名词修饰名词Thereisonlyoneballpeninthe_pencil_box这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔。6．副词修饰名词The_best_boy_hereisTom这里最棒的男孩是汤姆。.不定式修饰名词Thejboyjo_writejthis一letterneedsapen.写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔。.分词（短语）修饰名词The_smiling_boyneedsa_pen_bought_by_his_mother那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。（二）名词短语中修饰名词的词或短语其位置一般有两种：用在名词之前的叫前置定语，用在名词之后的叫后置定语.定语前置在英语里，一般定语前置时的次序为：限定词、形容词、分词、动名词和名词性定语，但当几个形容词同时出现在名词短语之前，应注意其次序，其形容词遵循的次序为：限观形龄色国材，其指：限定词（一般指数量）；外观（美丽等）；形状（大小，高矮，肥瘦）；年龄；颜色；国籍；材料；用途。如：an_interesting_little_red_French_oilpainting2021初高中英语语法衔接一幅小的有趣的法国红色油画.定语后置(1)短语作定语一般在名词之后Hegavemeabasketfull_of_eggs.他给我一个装满鸡蛋的篮子。(2)副词作定语一般在名词之后The_people_hereareveryfriendly.这里的人很友好。二、形容词短语：是以形容词为中心词的单词群.形容词短语，通常是副词修饰形容词，副词修饰形容词主要见于表示程度。如：Iwasrather_angryatwhathesaid。我对他说的话相当生气。MaryandJanearequite_different.玛丽与简大不一样。Themusicistoo_loud;pleaseturnitdown.这音乐太吵人了，请把音量关小一点。It'sdifficult_enough,_butitcouldhavebeenworse.这事情够困难的了，本来可能会更糟呢。Let'sgoshoppingnow.Theshopsshouldbefairlyempty.我们去商店买东西吧。商店里人不会太多。.副词修饰形容词，有时也表示方面或方式等。如：Iameconomically_independent.我在经济方面是独立的。Thebookishistoricallyinaccurate.这本书从历史上说不准确。三、副词短语：是以副词为中心词的单词群副词短语，通常是副词修饰副词，主要见于表示程度。此时，起修饰作用的副词常见的苞lmost,fairly,pretty,rather,quite,very,much,too,greatly,nearly,half,highly,awfully,deeply,partly,perfectly,really等。如：Hewasbackquite_quickly.他很快就回来了。Theythoughtvery_highlyofhim.他们对他评价很高。Ithinkyouhavedoneyourworkvery_finely.我认为你工作干得不错。Hespoketoo_quicklyformetounderstand.他说得太快了，我听不懂。Havinglivedtherefortwoyears,heknewtheplacequitewell.他在那里住过两年，对这地方很熟悉。随堂练习(1)单句语法填空Thechairmanspokequite(wonderful).It'saboutan(hour)drivefromhere.Pleasewalkmore(slow)sothatwecanfollowyou.(2)单句写作Ifeel(有点饿).Wouldyouliketogivemesomethingtoeat?Three(男医生)andtwo(女护士)madeupamedicalteam.2021初高中英语语法衔接Hepaintedthewalla（更鲜艳的颜色）.Helencamelate,buthersistercame（更晚）.I'm（极其失望）inhim.口.单词拼写Thisvoyagewasthemostexciting（冒险）oftheirlives.Manyofthesepeoplehaduseddrugsintheir倩年时期）.Hismothermadehimcleanupthe（盘子）.Hespenttwoweeksat（营地）thissummer.Shehasbeenthe（啦啦队长）forthreeyears.□.单句语法填空Hegotajobasan（edit）ofatradejournal.Ipractice（play）thepianotwiceaweek.IthinkthefirstEnglishclasswasvery（confuse）.Myadvisersaidthe（advance）literaturecoursewasdifficultbutinteresting.Thecityissobigthattheoldmanis（complete）lost.□.单句写作.我把10岁的儿子送到探险训练营去过期中假了。Ihavesentmy10yearoldsonofftoanforthehalftermholiday..我还需要几个纸盘子。Ineedafewmore..我过去是一个青年俱乐部的成员。Iusedtobelongtoa..首先，我计划改善我的英语口语。Firstly,Iplantoimprovemy..加入我们学校的啦啦队相当难。Tojoinourschool'scheerleadingteamis.Unitl词汇与语法答案全解全析.debaten.辩论；争论vt.&vi.辩论；争论单句语法填空【答案】nwith;about/on/over□under□togo2021初高中英语语法衔接.preferv.较喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物X教材P12)(1)单句语法填空【答案】□toDdressingDtodo(2)单句写作【答案】prefer;to.challengen.挑战；艰巨任务vt.怀疑；向……挑战(1)单句语法填空【答案】nchallenging;to□challenging(2)单句写作【答案】□isabigchallenge□isfacinganotherchallenge.confusevt.使糊涂；使迷惑；混淆(1)单句语法填空