insistsuggest后宾语从句语气变化

insist/suggest后宾语从句语气变化先请用以下句中所给动词的适合形式填空：1.Heinsistedthathe_____(go)withus.他坚持要和我们一同走。2.Sheinsistedthatshe_____(need)nohelp.她坚持说她不需要帮助。3.Hesuggestedthatwe_____(have)ameeting.他建议我们开个会。4.MarkTwainsuggestedthataningredient_____(be)missingintheAmericanambition马克吐温以为，美国式的理想志向中缺乏一个构成部分答案应是：1.（should）go2.needed3.（should）have4.was很显然：1、3题用的是虚构语气；2、4题用的是陈说语气。同是insist和suggest作谓语，为何后来的宾语从句有的用虚构语气，有的用陈说语气呢？这与这两个动词词义的选择和语气的变化相关：一．当insist作“坚持要”、“必定要”、“果断主张”、“坚持要求”解时，接that从句（从句的动作为将要发生之事），谓语多为should型的虚构语气，即：主语+should(可省略)+动词原形，后来的宾语从句应当用虚构语气，这时宾语从句所叙述的状况还未成事实，只是是主句主语的主观梦想。如例1.“Heinsistedthatheshouldgowithus.句中的“”heshouldgowithus只是”是主语he的梦想要求，尚非事实；（1）Heinsistedthatwe(should)acceptthesegifts.他必定要我们收下这些礼品。（2）Janeinsistedthathebepresent.简坚持要他列席。但当insist作“坚持以为事实上”“坚持说，硬说,果断以为（多与他人的看法不同）是事实”解时，接that从句（从句的动作为已发生之事），从句使用陈说语气宾语从句所表达的往常是客观事实，或主句主语的看法、见解，即他以为事实如此。而例句2中的“sheneedednohelp则”是主语she的看法、见解，即她以为事实是这样（例句：Sheinsistedthathewaswrong.）。（1）Sheinsistedthathewaswrong.她坚持以为他错了。（2）Heinsistedthathehaddoneright.他果断以为自己做对了。差别主要仍是在于insist在句中所表达的意思。还可用于“insiston/upon+名词或代词或动词-ing形式”构造中，如：Heinsistedon/uponmygoingwithhim.他坚持要我跟他一同去。（=HeinsistedthatI[should]gowithhim.）Iinsistonseeingit.我必定要见到它。（=IinsistthatIseeit.）二．当suggest作“建议”解时，后来的宾语从句应当用虚构语气，宾语从句所表达的状况还没有成为事实，只是是“建议”而已；但当suggest作“指出、表示”解时，后来的宾语从句就应当用陈说语气，这时，宾语从句表达的往常是既成事实，或主句主语以为这样。如上例句4中的宾语从句：“aningredientwasmissingintheAmericanambition则”是MarkTwain以为已经实质存在的状况。1因此，insist和suggest后的宾语从句是用虚构语气仍是陈说语气，应当从两个方面进行判断：一．词义。当insist解作“坚持要”、“必定要”时，宾语从句用虚构语气，这时宾语从句的谓语动词用should加动词原形，should能够省略；当它解作“坚持以为事实上、坚持说是事实”时，宾语从句用陈说语气，依据上下文该用什么时态就用什么时态；当suggest作“建议”解时，宾语从句用虚构语气，这时宾语从句的谓语动词也是用should加动词原形，should能够省略；当它解作“指出、表示”时，宾语从句用陈说语气，其谓语依据上下文该用什么时态就用什么时态。二．宾语从句所表达的假如是主句主语的主观梦想、要求、建议，宾语从句用虚构语气；假如宾语从句表达的是主句主语心目中的客观状况或主句主语表示的是事实，那么，宾语从句用陈说语气。此刻请再填空：Sheinsistedthatwe_____(stay)thereforanotherweek.HeinsistedthatXiaoYang_____(notbe)toblame.Heinsistedthatthreeyears_____(notbe)enoughforonetobecomeagoodinterpreter.Hesuggestedthatthedoctor_____(send)foratonce.Herexpressionsuggestedthatshe_____(be)angry.HesuggestedthatChina_____(need)youngerandmorerevolutionarycardreswhoarebettereducatedandmorecompetent.答案：1.(should)stay2.(should)notbe3.wasnot4.(should)besent5.was6.needed1.Theyinsistedon______anotherchancetotry.2.Iinsistedhe____backthewallettothelady,butheinsistedhe___it.A.handed;didn’tstealB.hand;hadn’tstolenC.hand;notstealD.handed;hadn’tstolen3.Heinsistedthattheearth_____aroundthesun.D.shouldgo4.Themotherinsistedthatherchild___stillaliveandthatshe___tothehospitalatonce.A.was;wassentB.was;besentC.shouldbe;shouldbesentD.be;besent5.LittleTonyinsistedthathismother___himtoschool.6.Heinsistedthathisplan______carriedoutatonce.D.shouldbe27.Iinsistedthathe____atonce.A.leaveB.leftCleavesD.leaving8.Sheinsistedthatshe____somebodyinthehouse.A.shouldhearB.heardC.hearD.washeard9.Myteacherinsistedthatwe____thephrases.A.rememberedB.wouldrememberC.shouldrememberD.hadremembered10.ThedoctorinsistedthatI_____morefruitandvegetables.A.tookB.hadtakenC.wouldtakeD.take11.MyEnglishteacherinsistedthattheexercises_____verydifficultandthatwe___itcarefully.A.were;mustfinishB.be;finishC.were;finishD.befinished12.Heinsistedthathe____reallyverytriedandthathe___tohavearest.A.was;beallowedB.was;mustbeallowedC.shouldbe;mustbeallowedD.shouldbe;beallowed13.Theguardatthegateinsistedthateverybody____therules.A.obeysB.obeyC.willobeyD.wouldobey答案：1.B虚构语气用在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后边的从句中。order,suggest,propose,require,demand,request,insist,command,insist+(should)doIsuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.注意：如suggest,insist不表示"建议"或"坚持要某人做某事时"，即它们用于其本义"示意、表示"、"坚持以为"时，宾语从句用陈说语气。Theguard