2021-2022学年湖北省巴东高三（下）月考英语试卷（附答案详解）

第第#页，共17页202L2022学年湖北省巴东第三高级中学高三（下）月考

英语试卷AOurVictoryDayCampisa7-weekdaycampingprogramforchildrenfrom5to12yearsofage.Itisaimedatchildrenwithlearningorattentiondifficulty.Thesechildrenoftenlackself-esteem（自尊）andareinneedofaorganizedandsupportivesummerenvironment.Theprogramisoperatedbyanexcellentanddevotedstaff,trainedinSpecialEducation.Thetotalgoalistoalloweachcampertocreatevaluebydevelopingfeelingsofindependenceandselfworth.Thisisaccomplishedbypayingparticularattentiontosocialskillsaswellasphysicalskills.StructureAtOurVictoryDayCamp,eachcampertakespartinafullnon-competitivecampingprogram.A3：1campertocounselorratio（顾问比例）providesforahighlevelofindividualizationinallactivities.Inadditiontoatraditionaldaycampprogram,achildcantakepartinanacademicprogram.ProgramOurprogramisdesignedtoexposeeachcampertoawidevarietyofactivities.Thegoalistomakeanopportunityforeachcampertoachievesuccess,whateverthecampefsability.Forachildtogainself-esteemhe/shemustdevelopthebasicknowledgeoftheskillsinvolved.ActivitiesAllactivitiesaredesignedtofittheneedsofeachseason'spopulation.Theaimofallouractivitiesistohelpinthedevelopmentofsocialawareness,languageskills,andfineandmotorskills.Tuitionfor2020,includingallactivityfees,lunchandsnackis$5,050.Foranadditionalfee,transportationcanbearrangedfrommostareas.TransportationcostsformNYCfor2020is$1,250.TotalpaymentisduebeforethestartofcamponJune29.Howcaneachcamper'svalueberealized?Bytrainingindependently.Bysettinguptheirownself-respect.Byvaluingsocialandphysicalskills.Bycommunicatingwiththestaffonce.Howmuchdoesapairoftwinsneedtopayatleast?A.$5050. B.$10,100. C.$11,350. D.$12,600.Whoisthetextmainlyintendedfor?A.Children. B.Parents. C.Teachers. D.Volunteers.SinceAbbiHickmanwasjustalittlegirl,shehasbeensurroundedbyanimals.Chickens,cats,adog,rabbits,andsometimesgoatsarejustsomeoftheanimalsshecaresfbr.Attheageof9,AbbiwenttotheTracyAnimalShelter,inherhometownofTracy,California,toadoptSheldon,herfavoritecat.There,shesawthepoorconditionsthattheanimalswerekeptin.Abbiknewthatitwasherdutytotakeaction.PinsforPetsisAbbirssolution.Forthelastthreeyears,shehasorganizedabowlingtournamenttoraisefundsfortheTracyAnimalCenter.Shehasraisedmorethan$30,000,resultinginabetterhomefortheanimals/'Nowtheshelterisnicerandcleanerandanimalshavemorespace.ltisfarbetter,ahundredpercentbetter,"Abbisays.ToAbbiforheroutstandingefforts,theAmericanSocietyforthePreventionofCrueltytoAnimals(ASPCA)namedherthe2015ASPCATommyP.MonahanKidoftheYear.Thisawardisgiventokidswhomakeasubstantialefforttohelpanimals.Abbirespondedtothenewsofherwinwithshock.nIwasprettyexcited.I'mreallyhonoredtoreceiveit,“shesays.Sacrificingtimeandefforttoassistanimalscansometimesbedifficult,butAbbihopestodomore."Iwanttospreadmyfreeservicestomoreshelters.Ireallyjusthopepeoplearekindertoanimalsandrespectthemmore,"saysAbbi,sharinghergoalsforherorganization.Attheageof12,Abbihasalreadyaccomplishedsomuch.Theadviceshehasforkidslikeher,whowanttoaccomplishtheirgoals,is,"Nothingisimpossible.Youcandoanythingyouputyourmindto.Evenifitissomethingsmall,itcanmakeahugedifference."Abbi^workhasimprovedthelivesofanimals,andsheplanstokeepcomingupwithnewwaystohelpthem.Whenshewasverylittle,AbbiwenttotheTracyAnimalShelterto.visitsomeoftheanimalsshelovesadoptacatcalledSheldonshelikesbestfindoutthepoorconditionsanimalsliveinlearnsomeknowledgeaboutsomeanimalsWhichwordscanbestdescribeAbbi?Cautiousandloyal.Narrow-mindedandimaginative.Changeableandgreedy.Caringandsympathetic.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“commend"mostprobablymeaninParagraph3?A.Protect. B.Recommend.C.Praise. D.Train.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs? Abbi'sorganizationisnon-profit.Abbithinksshehasdoneenough.Helpinganimalsisapieceofcake.Peopleareenoughfriendlytoanimals.cAlodestonecompasswasusedinChinaduringtheHanDynastybetweenthe2ndcenturyBCand1stcenturyAD,whereitwascalledthe"south-governor”(sTnan).Itwasnotusedfornavigation,butratherforgeomancyandfbrtune-telling.TheearliestreferencetoamagneticdeviceusedfornavigationisinaSongDynastybookdatingto1040-1044,wherethereisadescriptionofanironHsouth-pointingfish"floatinginabowlofwater,itselftothesouth.Thedeviceisrecommendedasameansoforientation"intheobscurityofthenight."ThefirstsuspendedmagneticneedlecompasswaswrittenbyShenKuoinhisbookof1088.FormostofChinesehistory,thecompassthatremainedinusewasintheformofamagneticneedlefloatinginabowlofwater.AccordingtoNeedham,theChineseintheSongDynastyandcontinuingYuanDynastydidmakeuseofadrycompass,althoughthistypeneverbecameaswidelyusedinChinaasthewetcompass.ThedrycompassusedinChinawasadrysuspensioncompass,awoodenframecraftedintheshapeofaturtlehungupsidedownbyaboard,withthelodestonesealedinbywax,andifrotated,theneedleatthetailwouldalwayspointinthenortherncardinaldirection.Althoughthe14thcenturyEuropeancompass-cardinboxframeanddrypivotneedlewasadoptedinChinaafteritsusewastakenbyJapanesepiratesinthe16thcentury(whohadinturnlearnedofitfromEuropeans),theChinesedesignofthesuspendeddrycompasspersistedinusewellintothe18thcentury.WhatwassTnanusedfbr?A.Trade. B.Orientation.C.Fortune-telling. D.Navigation.Whatdoestheunderlinedword''aligning'*inParagraph1mean?A.alarming B.adjustingC.remindingD.forcingWhichofthefollowingcanbeknownfromthetext?ThewetcompasswaswidelyusedinChina.Theneedleofthedrycompasswouldalwaysfacedthesouth.Japanesepiratesin16thcenturyknewlittleaboutcompass.Thefirstcompasswasmentionedinabookof1088writtenbyNeedham.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?GreatScientistsTheFamousDynastiesinHistoryTheUnforgettableCenturiesofChinaTheGreatInventionofAncientChina-CompassDMakingpeoplelaughisnotrocketscience.ltis(akindof)science,though.ProfessorPeterMcGraw,whohasstudiedthedepthsofhumanbehaviortodeterminewhatisfunnyandwhatisnot,hasexploredcomedyallovertheworldalongwithco-writerJoelWarner.ThisexplorationhasresultedinabookcalledTheHumorCode,andareasonablescientificexplanationforwhypeoplelaughatcertainthingsandnotothers."Humorariseswhensomethingseemswrong,unsettling,orthreatening(akindofviolation),butmeanwhileseemsokayacceptable,orsafe,*'McGrawsays.ThisideamakesuphisBenignViolationtheory,anditservesastheenginedrivingthebook."Adirtyjoketradesonmoralorsocialviolations,butit'sonlygoingtogetalaughifthepersonlisteningisliberatedenoughtoconsiderrisquesubjectsokay.'*Headds,"Eventickling(挠痒),whichhaslongbeenastickingpointforotherhumortheoriesfitsperfectly.Ticklinginvolvesviolatingsomeone'sphysicalspaceinabenignway.Youcan*ttickleyourselfbecauseitisn*taviolation.Norwillyoulaughifastrangertriestotickleyou,sincenothingaboutthatisbenign."McGrawdevelopedhisbenignviolationconceptbymodifyingandexpandinganearlierlinguist'stheory,whosedefinitionsdidn'tseemtocovertherightbases.TheprofessorhasbeenconductingrigorousscientifictestingatHuRLandinhistravelswithWarnereversince,andthustheconcepthasheldwater.Unlikeotherhumortheories,benignviolationoffersmoreexplanationsfbrwhysomethingsaren'tfunny."Ajokecanfailinoneoftwoways,"hesays.nItcanbetoobenign,andthereforeboring,oritcanbetoomuchofaviolation,andthereforeoffensive.**Theonlywayforpeoplewhowanttobefunny,perhapsprofessionally,toknowthedifferenceistoapproachtheirhumorthewayMcGrawandWarnerhave：likescientists."Theonlywaytolearnisthroughhard,repetitive,experimentalwork.Yougetupthereonthatstagenightafternight,assessingwhichlinesworkandwhichdon*t,andadjustaccordingly/1saysWarner.WhatdoesTheHumorCodefocuson?Includingallfunnythingsinlife.Presentingcomediesallovertheworld.Exploringthedepthsofhumannature.Explainingthescientificreasonforhumor.Whichofthefollowingisbenignviolationaccordingtothetext?Adirtyjoke.Ticklingothers.Ticklingoneself.Astrangertryingtotickleyou.Whatareotherhumortheoriesmainlyabout?Whyglobaltravelsmatters.Howtheycreateconcepts.Whysomethingsarefunny.Howpeoplemakescientifictests.Whatshouldpeoplewantingtobethebestcomediandofromtheresearch?Standonthestageeverynightfortrials.Collectmanyscientifictestingmaterials.Knowthedifferencebetweenfunnyandnotfunny.Learnthroughhard,repetitiveandexperimentalwork.ControlyourexposuretolightManyaspectsofmodemlifecanchangeyourbody'snaturalproductionofmelatonin(褪黑素)andyourcircadianrhythm(生理节律).Brightlightsatnight一especiallyfromexposuretoLEDlightsandTVandcomputerscreens一canmakeyourbodythinkthatit'stimetowakeup.⑴Saynotolate-nighttelevision.Manypeopleusethetelevisiontocalmdownattheendoftheday,butthiscanproduceanunexpectedresult.(2)IfyourfavoriteTVshowisonlateatnight,recorditfbrviewingearlierintheday.(3)Notalle-readersarecreatedequal.DevicessuchastheiPad,aremoredisruptive(破坏性的)thanthosethatarelightedfromthefront,suchastheKindlePaperwhite.Othersmartchoicesincludee-inkreadersthatdon'thavetheirownlightsourceandgoodold-fashionedbooks.Whenit'stimetosleep,makesuretheroomisdark.(4)Useheavycurtainsorshadestoblocklightfromwindows,ortryasleepmasktocoveryoureyes.Alsoconsidercoveringupormovinganyelectronicsthatgiveoutlight.Eventherednumbersonadigitalclockcandisruptsleep.Keepthelightsdownifyougetupduringthenight.Ifyouneedtogetupduringthenight,avoidturningonthelightsifpossible.Ifyouneedsomelighttomovearoundsafely,tryfixingadimnightlightinthehallorbathroomorusingasmallflashlight.(5)A.Saynotoalle-readers.B.Besmartaboutnightreading.C.Walkingupearlymakesyoutired.D.Thedarkeritis,thebetteryou'llsleep.E.Trylisteningtomusicoraudiobooksinstead.F.Thiswillmakeiteasierforyoutofallbacktosleep.G.Here'swhatyoucandotokeepyousleep-wakecyclebetter.16.A.AB.BG.GC.CD.DE.EF.F17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.GThenextday,Marycameintothecoffeeshopwithasmile.Shewasso(21)thatshecouldn'tholdbackthenews."Ispokewiththe(22)ofthathouseandguesswhat?TheyYerentingthehousefor$350amonth!”Itoldher/'Thafs(23).Housesrentforthreetimesthatmuchinthisneighborhood.nShe(24)thattheownersdidn'treallyneedthemoney.They(25)neededsomeonewhowouldappreciatelivingthereandwouldtakespecialcareofit.Afewweekslater,wemovedin.Butsecretsdon*tusuallystaysecrets.Onemonth,I(26)todropitoffattheappropriatepostofficebox.Iwasstanding(27)atthepostofficewhenIheardafamiliarvoiceaskforapackagefromtheboxwhereI(28)myrent.IlookedaroundthelineandwasshockedtoseeMary.ShewaslookingthroughhermailwhenI(29)herarm.Tearswerestartingtoforminmyeyes.Sheputherarmaroundmyshoulderand(30)meoutside.Bythetimewereachedthesidewalk,!wassobbing.I'maverystrongwomanandtearsdon'tcome(31).Honestlyspeaking,!havebeen(32)alotinmylife.Butnonehadeverbeensokind.MarytoldmethatLeticiahadslippedandtoldherdaughterwewere(33).Sheandherhusbandhadtalkedaboutitandwantedtorentthehousetous.Shehadn'twantedmeto(34)becauseshewasafraidIwouldthinkitwasacharity.MaryismyEarthAngel,andIwanthertoknowthatappreciateherkindnessand(35),andthatIloveher.21.A.excitedB.brightC.sensitiveD.confident22.A.keeperB.ownerC.decoratorD.painter23.A.practicalB.similarC.acceptableD.impossible24.A.explainedB.rangC.apologizedD.complained25.A.stillB.thenC.justD.otherwise26.A.pretendedB.threatenedC.affordedD.decided27.A.inangerB.inlineC.indespairD.infear28.A.sentB.weighedC.displayedD.changed29.A.wrappedB.stuckC.testedD.touched30.A.droveB.rodeC.walkedD.kicked31.A.frequentlyB.easilyC.toughlyD.naturally32.A.experiencingB.sufferingC.gainingD.losing33.A.kindheartedB.optimisticC.homelessD.adventurous34.A.argueB.replyC.partD.know35.A.generosityB.prideC.respectD.caution36.PresidentialPalaceAftertheXinhaiRevolutionin1911,SunYat-senwassworninattheformerGovernor-General'spalace,(1)isnowthe"PresidentialPalace/astheprovisionalPresidentoftheRepublicofChina.Hekeptofficesherefor(2)while.(3)>Chinasoonfellintothepost-revolutionWarlordera,andthePalacewasnot⑷(official)usedbytheRepublicofChinauntil1927.AstheNationalistGovernmentjheytransformedthePresidentialPalaceandadjacent⑸(building)intothe"HeadquartersoftheNationalistGovernmentoftheRepublicofChina."PremierChiangKaishekhad(6)(he)officeinthepalace.Duringthe(7)(two)Sino-JapaneseWar(1937-1945),ChiangKai-shek'sgovernmentfledtoChungking,andtheHeadquarters⑻(occupy)byWangJingwei.FollowingtheJapanesesurrenderin1945,ChiangKai-shek'sNationalistGovernmentreoccupiedtheHeadquarters-PresidentialPalacefor⑼(govern)theRepublicofChina.InApril1949,theCommunistforces(10)(capture)NanjingandthePresidentialPalace.AftertheestablishmentofthePeople'sRepublicofChinawithcapitalinBeijingon1October1949,thePresidentialPalacebuildingwasthenusedforJiangsuProvincialGovernment.37.许多学校会在期中或期末考试后召开家长会(parentsmeeling)。对此同学们有不同的看法，请你根据提示写一篇英语短文。内容包括：.赞同者的理由；.不赞同的原因；.你观点及理由。注意：1.词数80左右；.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。38.Thecanteenwascrowdedwithsummercampersfromhighschoolsacrossthecity,allextremelyhungryafteraday'sactivities.!spottedanemptyplaceandwalkedthere.JustasIputmytray(餐盘)down,!feltabumpagainstmyhip.Thetraydroppedonthetableandthesoupspiltallovermycampshirtandjeans.AndIheardaburstoflaughter."Can'tyoulookwhereyouaregoing,youclumsyfool!”Ishouted,glaringatthetroublemaker,atallboywithwildhair."Sorry!Can*thelplaughing!Youlooksofunny!"saidtheboy,bendingoverwithlaughter.Iwastooannoyedtorespondandjustwalkedawaytochangemyclothes.Thenextmorning,wewereallassembledforrollcall（点名）»whenIsawthesameboycomerunningoutofthedorm,hisunbuttonedshirtflyingbehindhim.Beforehecouldslideintoplace,hewasspottedbytheCampCommandant.Asapunishmentforbeinglate,hewasmadetodoahundredpushups.AsIwalkedpasthimlater,!letoutaloudlaugh,sayingnSorry.Ican'thelplaughing.Youlooksofunny.'*Sothewarofwordscontinuedinthefollowingthreedayswiththewild-hairedboy,whosename,!foundout,wasBen.Amountainhike（远足）markedthelastdayofthecamp.Onthewayback,!foundmyselfleftfarbehindmyteam.Soon,theywereoutofsight.Thecampsitewasalongwayawayand1wasgettinganxiousaseveningfell.lriskedtakingashortcut（近路）clungtothemountainside,butsuddenlyJtrippedoffthepathandslidrightdowntheslope（斜坡）.Fortunately,myfallwasstoppedbyabunchofbamboo.IsawIwasabouttenmetersbelowthetrack.TherewasnowayIcouldclimbuptheslopeasevidentlyIhadmyanklebroken.Aftermakingseveralvainattempts,!waitedhopelessly.ltgotdarkandIbecameafraid.注意：1.续写词数应为150词左右；2.请按如下格式作答。Then,Isawafaintlight,andheardavoicecallingoutmyname.Thenextday,aswewereboardingthebuseswhichwouldtakeusbacktoourownhomes,Bencameuptome.⑵答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、B、B【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第二段Thetotalgoalistoalloweachcampertocreatevaluebydevelopingfeelingsofindependenceandselfworth.（总目标是让每个营员通过发展独立感和自我价值来创造价值。）可知每个露营者的价值是通过建立自己的自尊来实现的。故选B。B.数字计算题。根据最后一段Tuitionfor2020,includingallactivityfees,lunchandsnackis55,050.（2020年的学费，包括所有活动费用，午餐和零食是5050美元。）可知一对双胞胎至少要付5050+5050=10100元。故选B。B.推理判断题。根据第一段OurVictoryDayCampisa7-weekdaycampingprogramforchildrenfrom5to12yearsofage.Itisaimedatchildrenwithlearningorattentiondifficulty.Thesechildrenoftenlackself-esteem（自尊）andareinneedofaorganizedandsupportivesummerenvironment.（我们的胜利日营地是为5至12岁的儿童提供的为期7周的露营计划。它针对学习或注意力有困难的儿童。这些儿童往往缺乏自尊，需要一个有组织和支持性的夏季环境。）可知这篇文章主要是写给父母看的。故选B。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了胜利日营地的相关信息。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。4~7.【答案】C、D、C、A【解析】（DC.细节理解题。根据第一段There,shesawthepoorconditionsthattheanimalswerekeptin.Abbiknewthatitwasherdutytolakeaction.（在那里，她看到了这些动物所处的恶劣环境。阿比知道采取行动是她的责任。）可知Abbi法特雷西动物收容所去收养小猫，发现那里的动物居住条件很差。她决心要为此做点什么。可知当她很小的时候，艾比就去特蕾西动物收容所看到了动物生活的恶劣条件。故选C。D.观点态度题。根据第一段There.shesawthepoorconditionsthattheanimalswerekeptin.Abbiknewthatitwasherdutytotakeaction.（在那里，她看到了这些动物所处的恶劣环境。阿比知道采取行动是她的责任。）以知看得出，她是有责任心（responsible）和同情心（sympathetic）的。A.Cautiousandloyal.谨慎和忠诚的；B.Narrow-mindedandimaginative.心胸狭窄和富于想象力的；C.Changeableandgreedy.易变和贪婪的；D.Caringandsympathetic.关心和同情的。故选D。C.词义猜测题。根据原文第三段To Abbifbrheroutstandingefforts,theAmericanSocietyforthePreventionofCrueltytoAnimals(ASPCA)namedherthe2015ASPCATommyP.MonahanKidoftheYear.Thisawardisgiventokidswhomakeasubstantialefforttohelpanimals.(为了表彰阿比的杰出努力，美国防止虐待动物协会(ASPCA)将她命名为2015年ASPCA年度汤米叩•莫纳汉儿童。这个奖项是给那些为帮助动物做出巨大努力的孩子们的。)可知。第三段中带下划线的"commend”一词最有可能的意思是“赞美"。A.Protect.保护；B.Recommend.推荐；C.Praise.赞美；D.Train.火车。故选C。A.推理判断题。从最后的两段话Iwanttospreadmyfreeservicestomoreshelters.Ireallyjusthopepeoplearekindertoanimalsandrespectthemmore(我想把我的免费服务推广到更多的庇护所。我真的只是希望人们对动物更友好，更尊重它们)可以看出，为了帮助小动物她付出了大量时间和精力，已经很不容易了，但她还想做的更多。她想把她的免费服务扩展到更多的收容所。她成立的组织的宗旨就是希望人们对待动物更友善些，更尊重些。可见，她的组织是非营利的爱心组织。故选Ao本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Abbi小时候起就很喜欢动物，她为小动物做了很多事情，去动物收容所收养动物，成立PinsforPets,组织保龄球比赛为收容所捐款等等。美国防止虐待动物协会还为她颁了奖，但是她还想做更多，她想把她的免费服务扩展到更多的庇护所，希望人们更加爱护动物尊重它们。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。8~11.【答案】C、B、A、D【解析】(1)C.细节理解题。根据第一段中"AlodestonecompasswasusedinChinaduringtheHanDynastybetweenthe2ndcenturyBCand1stcenturyAD,whereitwascalledthe*south-governor'(sTnan).Itwasnotusedfornavigation,butratherforgeomancyandfortune-telling.(公元前2世纪至公元1世纪的汉代，中国曾使用过磁石指南针，当时被称为"司南"。它不是用于导航，而是用于风水和算命)"可知，司南是用来算命的。故选C.B.词义猜测题。根据画线词上文"TheearliestreferencetoamagneticdeviceusedfornavigationisinaSongDynastybookdatingto1040-1044.wherethereisadescriptionofaniron"south-pointingfish"floatinginabowlofwater"以及后文"itselftothesouth"可知最早提到用于导航的磁性装置是在宋朝1040到1044年的一本书中，书中描述了一只铁"指南鱼”漂浮在一碗水里，可以自行调整自己对准南方。由此可知，画线词意思为"调整"，A.alarming警告；B.adjusting调整：C.reminding提醒；D.forcing迫使。故选B.A.细节理解题。根据第二段中"AccordingtoNeedham,theChineseintheSongDynastyandcontinuingYuanDynastydidmakeuseofadrycompass,althoughthistypeneverbecameaswidelyusedinChinaasthewetcompass.(根据Needham的说法，在宋朝和后来的元朝中国人确实使用了干指南针，尽管这种指南针在中国从未像水浮式指南针那样广泛使用)"可知，水浮式指南针在中国被广泛使用。故选A.D.标题判断题。根据第一段中"AlodestonecompasswasusedinChinaduringtheHanDynastybetweenthe2ndcenturyBCand1stcenturyAD,whereitwascalledthe'south-governor'(sman).Itwasnotusedfornavigation.butratherforgeomancyandfortune-telling.(公元前2世纪至公元1世纪的汉代，中国曾使用过磁石指南针，当时被称为"司南"。它不是用于导航，而是用于风水和算命)"结合文章主要介绍了中国古代发明-指南针，介绍了其最初的用途、工作原理以及在历史中的演变。由此可知，D选项”古代中国的伟大发明-指南针”最符合文章标题。故选D.这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代发明-指南针，介绍了其最初的用途、工作原理以及在历史中的演变。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。12~15.【答案】D、B、C、D【解析】(1)D.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，ThisexplorationhasresultedinabookcalledTheHumorCode,andareasonablescientificexplanationforwhypeoplelaughatcertainthingsandnotothers.这一探索成果被写成了一本书，名为《幽默代码》(TheHumorCode),对人们为什么会因为某些事情而笑做出了合理的科学解释。可知，《幽默代码》集中解释了幽默的科学原因，结合选项，故选D.B.推理判断题。根据文章第三段，Humorariseswhensomethingseemswrong,unsettling,orthreatening(akindofviolation).butmeanwhileseemsokay.acceptable,orsafe,"McGrawsays.ThisideamakesuphisBenignViolationtheory,anditservesastheenginedrivingthebook.McGraw说，当某些事情看起来不对劲、令人不安或有威胁性，但同时又看起来很好、可以接受或安全的时候，幽默就会出现。这一观点构成了他的良性违逆理论，并成为这本书的动力。可知benignviolation的定义，结合"Eventickling(挠痒)，whichhaslongbeenastickingpointforotherhumortheoriesfitsperfectly.Ticklinginvolvesviolatingsomeone'sphysicalspaceinabenignway.甚至挠痒痒，长期以来一直是其他幽默理论完全吻合的关键点，挠痒痒涉及以一种良性的方式侵犯别人的身体空间。可知，挠别人的痒是“良性冒犯”，结合选项，故选B.C.推理判断题。根据文章第四段，Unlikeotherhumortheories,benignviolationoffersmoreexplanationsforwhysomethingsaren'tfunny.与其他幽默理论不同，良性侵犯为为什么有些事情无趣提供了更多的解释。可知，其它的幽默理论不解释whythingsaren'tfunny,它们只解释whythingsarefunny,结合选项，故选C.D.推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段，Theonlywayforpeoplewhowanttobefunny,perhapsprofessionally,toknowthedifferenceistoapproachtheirhumorthewayMcGrawandWarnerhave：likescientists.（对于那些想要表现得很有趣的人，也许是想表现得很专业的人来说，要想知道两者的区别，唯一的方法就是像McGraw和Warner那样去表现他们的幽默：像科学家一样；最后一段的，Theonlywaytolearnisthroughhard,repetitive,experimentalwork.学习的唯一途径是通过艰苦的、重复的、实验工作。可知，提供的方法就是像科学家那样，通过艰苦的，重复的工作，所以推知要做最好的喜剧演员就要“通过艰苦重复实验性的工作"来学习，结合选项，故选D.本文是一篇科教类阅读，主要讲述了让人们发笑并不是什么复杂的事情，不过，这是一种科学。彼得•麦格劳教授通过深入研究人类行为来判断什么是有趣的，什么不是，他和联合编剧乔尔•沃纳一起探索了世界各地的喜剧。这一探索成果被写成了一本书，名为《幽默代码》并对人们为什么会因为某些事情而笑做出了合理的科学解释。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。16~20.【答案】G、E、B、D、F【解析】（1）G.语境衔接题。上文LEDlightsandTVandcomputerscreens—canmakeyourbodythinkthatit'stimetowake叩.（LED灯、电视和电脑屏幕--会让你的身体认为该起床了）讲现代生活对我们身体的影响这一现象，并列举了夜晚灯光使我们产生错觉影响睡眠。下文讲为避免这种影响能采取的措施。因此G项Here'swhatyoucandotokeepyousleep-wakecyclebetter.（下面你能做的事会使你的睡眠周期更好一些。）承上启下，故选G。E.推理判断题。根据标题Saynotolate-nighttelevision.（拒绝深夜电视节目。）可知本段讲拒绝深夜看电视，因此E项Trylisteningtomusicoraudiobooksinstead.（尝试听音乐和有声读物来代替看电视。）和下句都是具体措施，符合本段内容，故选E。B.段落主旨题。根据下文Notalle-readersarecreatedequal.（并非所有的电子阅读器都是一样的。）可知本段讲电子读物产品不一样，要选择对我们影响小的。因此B项Besmartaboutnightreading.（晚上读书要聪明〜点。）符合语境，故选B。D.语境衔接题。根据前面的Whenit'stimetosleep,makesuretheroomisdark.（当该睡觉的时候，确保房间是黑暗的。）可知本段讲睡觉时要让房间保持黑暗，下句讲到了具体做法，因此D项Thedarkeritis,thebetteryou'llsleep.（房间越黑睡眠越好。）讲了让房间保持黑暗的必要性，故选D。F.推理判断题。根据本段的第一句话Keepthelightsdownifyougetupduringthenight.(如果你晚上起来，把灯关小。)可知本段讲的是晚上需要起来时尽量保持房间黑暗，前面两句讲了具体措施，因此F项Thiswillmakeiteasierforyoutofallbacktosleep.(这样很容易让你再继续睡觉。)是对上文措施的总结，故选F。本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了现代生活对我们身体和睡眠的影响，及怎样减少这些影响提高睡眠质量。考查选句填空。做题时要注意以下技巧：①通读全文，了解文章大意；②细读七个选项，找出和文章相对应的关键词，分析选项间的逻辑关系;③根据文章整体结构、具体内容，结合关键词，选出最佳选项；④将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点查看逻辑关系和关联结构是否合理。21~35.【答案】A、B、D、A、C、D、B、A、D、C、B、A、C、D、A【解析】(1)A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.excited兴奋的，激动的；B.bright明亮的；C.sensitive敏感的；D.conEdent自信的。句意：她如此激动抑制不住讲述这个消息。根据上文Marycameintothecoffeeshopwithasmile可知是激动的。故选A«B.考查名词及语境理解。A.keeper守门员；B.owner所有者；C.decorator装饰师；D.painter画家。句意：我和那所房子的主人谈过了，你猜怎么着？他们每月350英镑出租房子！根据下文theownersdidn'treallyneedthemoney可知是所有者。故选B。D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.practical实用的；B.similar相似的；C.acceptable可接受的；D.impossible不可能的。句意：我告诉她，”那是不可能的。这附近的房子租金是这三倍。"根据下文Housesrentforthreetimesthatmuchinthisneighborhood可知是不可能的。故选D。A.考查动词及语境理解。A.explained解释；B.rang响：C.apologized道歉；D.complained抱怨。句意:她解释说，房子主人并不真的需要这笔钱。故选A。C.考查副词及语境理解。A.still仍然；B.then然后；C.just只是；D.otherwise否则。句意：他们只是需要一个喜欢住在那里并能特别照顾它的人。根据上文theownersdidn'treallyneedthemoney可知是仅仅，只是。故选C。D.考查动词及语境理解。A.pretended假装：B.threatened威胁：C.afforded提供：D.decided决定。句意：一个月后，我决定把它送到合适的邮箱。故选D。B.考查固定搭配及语境理解。A.7anger生气地;B.inline排队：C.indespair绝望；D.infear恐惧。句意：我在邮局排队时，听到一个熟悉的声音，从我寄出房租的邮箱里要一个包裹。根据上文Iwasstanding可知是排队。故选B。A.考查动词及语境理解。A.sent寄出，发送；B.weighed称重；C.displayed展示；D.changed改变。句意：我在邮局排队时，听到一个熟悉的声音，从我寄出房租的邮箱里要一个包裹。根据上文todropitoffattheappropriatepostofficebox可知是寄出。故选A。D.考查动词及语境理解。A.wrapped包裹；B.stuck卡住；C.tested测试；D.touched触碰。句意：我触碰她的胳膊时，她正在翻阅邮件。故选D。C.考查动词及语境理解。A.drove开车:B.rode骑；C.walked走；D.kicked踢。句意：她用胳膊搂住我的肩膀，陪我走了出去。根据下文Bythetimewereachedthesidewalk可知是走出去。故选C。(11)B.考查副词及语境理解。A.frequently经常地;B.easily轻易地；C.toughly顽强地；D.nalurally自然地。句意：我是一个非常坚强的女人，不轻易流泪。根据上文Fmaverystrongwoman可知是不轻易流泪。故选B。A.考查动词及语境理解。A.experiencing体验;B.suffering痛苦;C.gaining获得;D.losing失去。句意：老实说，我在生活中经历了很多。故选A。C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.kindhearted善良的；B.optimistic乐观的；C.homeless无家可归的；D.adventurous冒险的。句意：玛丽告诉我Leticia说漏嘴了，告诉她女儿我们无家可归。根据下文wantedtorentthehousetous可知是无家可归的。故选C。D.考查动词及语境理解。A.argue争论；B.reply答复；C.part分别；D.know知道。句意：她不想让我知道，因为她担心我会认为这是施舍。故选D。A.考查名词及语境理解。A.generosity慷慨；B.pride骄傲；C.respect尊重；D.caution谨慎。句意：我想让她知道，我感谢她的善良和慷慨，我爱她。根据上文Iwanthertoknowthatappreciateherkindness可知是慷慨。故选A。本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者受到朋友秘密帮助，得知真相后非常感动的故事。近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。36.【答案】【小题1]which【小题2】a[小题3]However【小题4】officially[小题5]building【小题6】his【小题7】second【小题8】wasoccupied【小题9】governing【小题10]captured【解析】(1)which.考查定语从句。句意：1911年辛亥革命后，孙中山在原总督官邸宣誓就职，现为总统府。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是Governor-Generalspalace,指物，从句中作主语，引导非限制性定语从句，用关系代词whicho故填which.a.考查固定短语和介词。句意：他曾暂时在这里办过公。forawhile”暂时"，是固定短语，故填a.However.考查副词。句意：然而，中国很快就进入了革命后的军阀时代，这座宫殿直到1927年才被中华民国正式使用。此处与上文是转折关系，有逗号与主句分开，置句首单词首字母大写，故填However.officially.考查副词。句意：然而，中国很快就进入了革命后的军阀时代，这座宫殿直到1927年才被中华民国正式使用。修饰谓语动词wasnotused用副词作状，故填officially.buildings.考查名词。句意：作为国民政府，他们将总统府及其附近的建筑物改为中华民国国民政府的总部。形容词adjacent修饰名词，根据句意可知，用复数，故填buildings.his.考查代词。句意：蒋介石曾经在这里有他的办公室。修饰名词用形容词性物主代词，故填his.second.考查序数词。句意：第二次中日战争(1937-1945)期间，蒋介石政府逃到重庆，总部被王精卫占领。有定冠词修饰，用序数词，故填second.wasoccupied.考查动词时态及语态。句意：第二次中日战争(1937-1945)期间，蒋介石政府逃到重庆，总部被王精卫占领。分析句子可知，occupy是谓语动词，与主语theHeadquarters是被动关系，此处主语是专有名词，指总统府，是单数，根据时间状语Duringthe(7)_(two)Sino-JapaneseWar(1937-1945)可知，用一般过去时，故填waserning.考查动名词。句意：1945年日本投降后，蒋介石的国民政府重新占领了中华民国国民政府总部—总统府，为了统治中华民国。分析句子可知，句子的谓语是reoccupied,govern作介词for的宾语，用动名词，故填governing.captured.考查动词时态。句意：1949年4月，共产党军队攻占了南京和总统府。分析句子可知，capture是谓语动词，与主语theCommunistforces是主动关系，根据时间状语InApril1949可知，用一般过去时，故填captured.本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了曾经的南京国民政府的历史。语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的