高中英语语法-虚拟语气课件

SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去未来过去式(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/might+havedone1.过去式2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)一.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。

★Ifitwerenotraining,weshouldgoforapicnic.

如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。★Ifhecamehere,hemightbeabletohelpyou.

如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。与现在事实相反的虚拟

★Shewouldhavegonetothepartyifshehadbeeninvited.

要是当初她被邀请的话，她就会去参加这次聚会了。★

Ifhehadn'tcalledme,Iwouldhaveoversleptthismorning.

今天早上，她要是不叫我的话，我就会睡过头了。

与过去事实相反的虚拟

Ifyoucametomorrow,wewouldhavethemeeting.IfIweretobetwentyyearsoldnextyear,IwouldtakethecourseofFrench.Ifheshouldnotcometomorrow,wewouldputoffthemeetingtillnextweekIfitshouldfail,Iwouldtryagain.要是失败了，我会再试一次。与将来事实相反的虚拟2.表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气。1).

由动词（一个坚持,两个命令,三个建议,四个要求）引导的宾语从句。用虚拟语气should+V.或者省略should,即

1).insist2).order,command3).advise,suggest,propose4).demand,require,request,askWeinsistedtheynotbepresentatsuchgathering.Heorderedthatall(should)takepartinthework.Hesuggestedwe(should)startoffearlythenextday.Theyrequestedthatwe(should)havelunchwiththem.注意:当suggest表示“暗示,表明”insist表示“坚持认为”时,不用虚拟语气:Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork.Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney.2)在advice,demand,order,proposal,request,suggestion等引导的表语从句中:Myadviceisthathewaittillnextweek.Hersuggestionisthatweshouldlearnallthetextsbyheart.Thegeneral’sorderwasthatallthesoldiersreachtheborderintenhours.3).在advice,demand,order,proposal,request,suggestion

等引导的同位语从句中：WeallagreetohissuggestionthatwegototheHappyValleyforanouting.Ordercamethatthesoldiersbesenttotheborder.Hereisthedoctor’sadvicethatyoushouldtakethemedicine4timesaday.4).在Itis

suggested/requested/demandedordered/required/desired/proposed/advised/insisted

+that此类主语从句中,从句用

(should)+动词原形:It’ssuggestedthatthemeeting(should)

beputofftillnextweek.Itwasorderedthatthewoundedbesenttothefieldhospitalatonce.Itisrequiredthatstudents

shouldturnofflightswhenleavingclassroom.二.虚拟语气特殊句型:1).wish的宾语从句现在:

过去时（were）过去:

过去完成时(haddone)未来:

would/could/might+V.(原)

shouldIwisheverydayweremybirthday.IwishIhadn'teatensomuchfoodyesterday.IwishIwouldbeascientist.2).wouldratherthat现在:过去:未来:★

Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.★

IwouldratherIhadn’tcome

yesterday.★

Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.过去时过去时过去完成时3).asif/though+表语从句

现在：过去：过去时过去完成时★

Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.★

Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeen

friendsforyears.4).It’s(high)time+that过去时(were)Should(不省)+V.你该走了。It’shightimethatyou

went.It’shightimethatyou

should

go.我们该去睡觉了。It’stimethatwe

went

tobed.It’stimethatwe

should

gotobed.5).It’snecessary/strange/important/natural/apity/nowonder/impossible+that从句，从句中要用虚拟语气,即(should)+动词原形★

Itis

important

thatwe

(should)master

aforeignlanguage.★

Itisstrange

thatshe

refuse

tocometotheparty.★

It’snecessary

thatwe

shouldstudy

hard.注意：Itis+adj./n.+that

句型也可不用虚拟语气:Itisapitythatshehasmadesuchamistake.Itisstrangethathedidn’tcomeyesterday.6).虚拟语气用于Ifonly

引导的感叹句中,表示“要是。。。就好了”IfonlyIwereaflyingbird!=HowIwishIwereaflyingbird!IfonlyIhadseenthefilm!=HowIwishIhadseenthefilm!IfonlyIhadknownhistelephonenumber!7).如果虚拟条件句的谓语部分有were，had和should时，可省略if，把were，had和should放到从句主语前面去，多见于书面语。★

Hadyounothelpedme，Ishouldhavefailed.

要是没有你的帮助，我就失败了。

★

Wereyouinmyposition,youwoulddothesame.

假如你处在我的地位，你也会这样干的。★

Shouldtheyattackus,we’llwipethemoutcompletely.

假如他们进攻我们，我们就把他们彻底消灭干净。8).在含有Ifitwerenotfor或Ifithadnotbeenfor条件句的虚拟语气:Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.=Butforyourhelp,…=Withoutyourhelp,…=Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,…9).otherwise和supposing也可以引导虚拟语气。例如：Thestormstopped,otherwisethesailorswouldhavefallenintothesea.I’mgettingcold,otherwiseIwouldkeepher.Suppose(supposing)yourfriendsknewhowyouarebehavinghere,whatwouldtheythink?10).混合型的条件句当条件从句与主句所表的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。主句和从句的谓语动词并不相互呼应，这种条件句叫混合条件句。较多见的混合型条件句是从句用过去完成时（指过去行为），而主句用一般时（指目前状态）。★Hewouldpassthetest

ifhehadtakenmyadvice．如果他听了我的劝告，他现在会通过考试。★

IfIhadspokentohimyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.

假如昨天我对他说了，现在我就知道该怎么办了。★

IfIwereyou,Iwouldnothavebrokentheglass.

假如我是你，我当时就不会打破那杯子。

IfIhadhadenoughtime,I___mywork.

A.wouldfinishB.musthavefinished

D.hadfinishedC.wouldhavefinished

CExercise2.Tenminutesearlier,they___theplane.

A.willcatch

B.wouldcatchC.wouldhavecaught

D.willhavecaughtC3.MrGreenrequiresthatthestudents___acompositioneveryotherweek.

A.write

B.writen

C.wouldwrite

D.willwrite4.Hadhestudiedhard,he___theexam.

A.wouldpass

B.couldpass

C.hadpassed

D.wouldhavepassed

AD5.IwishI___whatishappeningthereinhisroom.

A.know

B.known

C.knew

D.shouldknow6.Itisimportantthatyou___sportseveryday.

A.have

B.wouldhave

C.musthave

D.willhaveCA7.Iftherewerenowaterintheworld,everything___.

A.willdie

B.woulddie

C.wouldhavedied

D.wouldhavebeendead

B8.___whatwasgoingtohappen,Iwouldneverhaveleftheralone.A.HadIknown

B.IfIknow

D.IfhadIknownC.IfIknew

A9.Heorderedthatthework___rightaway.

A.shouldfinish

B.finished

C.wouldbefinished

D.befinished10.___inyourposition,Iwouldhelphim.

A.WasI

B.WereI

C.IfIam

D.IfIhadbeen

DB11.—Shallwegotothemovietonight?

—No,I'drather___athomewithourbaby.You'dbetternotleaveittothebabysitteratnight.A.youstayed

B.youstay

C.stayed

D.stayA12.MrsBlackinsists___inthatoldhotel.

A.nottostay

B.notstaying

C.stayingnot

D.thatshenotstay13.Ifyouhadspokenclearly,youwould___.

A.understandit

B.haveunderstood

C.beunderstood

D.havebeenunderstood

DD14.Ifyou___thatlatemovielastnight,youwouldn'tbesosleepy.A.haven‘twatched

B.hadn’twatched

C.didn‘twatch

D.wouldn'thavewatched15.TheforeignfriendspeaksChinesesowellasifhe___aChinese.

A.is

B.be

C.shouldbe

D.wereBD16.—Ifhe___,he___thatfood.

—Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.

A.waswarned;wouldnottake

B.wouldbewarned;hadnottaken

C.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetaken

D.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken

C1.Ifyou__________(arrive)tenminutesearlier,youcouldhaveseenthemoff.2.It'stimethatwe_____________(go)totherailwaystation.3.Ifthey___________(nothelp)us,ourexperimentwouldhavefailed.

hadarrivedhadn'thelpedwent/shouldgo填空4.You'refiveminuteslate.Isuggestedthatyou_________(come)earliertomorrow.

5.Matheroftentellsusthatitisnecessarythatwe__________(drink)aglassofwaterafterwegetup.(should)come(should)drink6.Sheinsistedthatshe______(send)toworkinthefarawaysmalltown.7.______Inot______(forget)histelephonenumber,Iwouldhaverunghim.8.Heisbusynow.Ifhe___(be)free,he______(go)withyou.wouldgoforgotten

(should)besent

Hadwere9.Themanagerwasinhisofficethen.Ifhe_________(be)here,everything__________________(settle)inaminute.10.Noisyasitwas,hewentonreadingasifnothing_________(happen).

wouldhavenbeensettled

werehappeninghadbeen虚拟语气专练(2)

1.——Didyousubmit(递交）yourapplicationforaMaster’sdegree(硕士学位）？——Notyet.IfI_____toseemyfather,Iwouldhave.”A.didn’tgoB.haven’tgoneC.wouldn’thavegoneD.hadn’tgone2.——Whydidn’tTomgiveyouoneofhispaintings?——Ididn’twantone,buthewouldhavegivenmeoneifI____.A.DoB.wouldC.willD.hadDD3.——Doyouthinkthethiefenteredthroughthegaragedoor?——No,ifhehad,Idon’tbelieve_____brokenthelivingroomwindow.A.wouldhehaveB.hehadC.hewouldhaveD.hehas4._______I’dhavetoldyou.A.IfIwouldhaveknownitB.IfIhadhaveknownitC.HadIknownitD.ShouldIknowitCC6.——Itisraining,andIhavenoumbrella.——Here’smine,andIinsist____it.A.youtotakeB.thatyoutakeC.thatyoutakingD.youtaking7.Theprofessorgaveordersthatthetest____before5:30.A.befinishedB.willfinishC.willbefinishedD.shallfinishBA8.Imustgothereearlier.JohnhassuggestedthatI_____anhourbeforethediscussionbegins.A.goB.shallgoC.willgoD.wouldgo9.Ididn’tgototheparty,butIdowishI____there.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.went10.Shespeaksasifshe____onthespot.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.isACB11.IfI______tenyearsyounger,I_____veryhappy.A.were,wouldbeB.am,shallbeC.were,shallbeD.am,wouldbe12.——Youcanaskyourbrotherforhelp.——Heisnotathome.Ifhe____,I_____.A.is,wouldB.were,wouldC.is,willD.were,will13.Ifyou____thedoctorsadvice,youwouldhavealreadyrecovered.A.followB.followedC.wouldfollowD.hadfollowedABD14.Ifhehadnotmissedthetrain,he_____bythen.A.mightgetB.mighthavegotC.gotD.hadgot15.Whatwouldyouhavedonelastnight,ifyou_____towriteyourhomework.A.hadn’tB.haven’thadC.didn’thaveD.hadn’thad16.——Didyoucatchtheplane?——No.ifIhadhurried,I______.A.wouldB.wouldhaveC.couldD.didBDB17.Whydidn’tyoutellhimthetruth?IfI_____you,Iwouldhave.A.wereB.hadbeenC.amD.wouldbe18.——Howdoyouliketheparty?——Wonderful.Ifyouhadcomewithus,you____agoodtime.A.hadB.hadhadC.wouldhaveD.wouldhavehad19.IfI_____outofmyink,Iwouldhavefinishedwritingthepaper.A.didn’trunB.shouldn’trunC.haven’trunD.hadn’trunBDD20.Ifyou_____earlytomorrowmorning,youwouldbetherebynoon.A.havestartedB.werestartedC.weretostartD.hadstarted21.——Didyouhandinyourapplicationforaleaguemember?——Notyet.IfI_____toseemyfather,Iwouldhave.A.didn’tgoB.haven’tgoneC.wouldn’thavegoneD.hadn’tgone22.——Whydidn’tTomgiveyouoneofhispaintings?——Ididn’twantone,buthewouldhavegivenmeoneifI_____.A.doB.wouldC.willD.hadCDD23.——Doyouthinkthethiefenteredthroughthegaragedoor?——No,ifhehad,Idon’tbelieve____brokenthelivingroomwindow.A.wouldhehaveB.hehadC.hewouldhaveD.hehas24.______I’dhavetoldyou.A.IfIwouldhaveknownitB.IfIhadhaveknownitC.HadIknownitD.shouldIknowitCC虚拟语气练习（3）1Hesuggestedthatthemeeting

putoff.

A.no