翻译理论与实践汉译英14-翻译对译者素养的要求课件

Chapter1PrerequisitesforaTranslatorTopic3PrerequisitesforaTranslator(翻译对译者素养的要求)I.theTranslator’sBilingualCompetenceII.Thebroadeningoftherangeandscopeofourgeneral

knowledgeIII.PoliticalConsciousnessIV.Highly-developedsenseofresponsibilityV.TranslationtechniquesVI.PracticeR（汉语功底要好，英语语言能力要强）译者应具备深厚的语言功底RI.theTranslator’sBilingualCompetence1.GoodEnglishProficiency1、扎实的英语基础，特别是要具有很强的阅读理解和鉴赏能力。1、1要掌握足够的英语词汇量。1、2要掌握系统的英语语法知识。1、2应该大量阅读英语原著，不断丰富自己的语言知识，提高自己的语感：语法意识（senseofgrammar）、惯用法知识（senseofidiomaticness）和连贯意识（senseofcoherence）。RExamples:Allthatglittersisnotgold.(Just)imagine(it).把它想像一下吧。不可能/想不到/真没想到。Reason:LongmanDictionaryofContemporaryEnglish,“(just)imagine(it)”means“anexpressionofdisapprovalfortheplanorsuggestionjustmentioned,becausenosensiblepersoncouldimaginethatitcouldhappen.”I’llbuyit.(slang:Ican’tunderstandit,pleasetellme.)我不懂。/我答不出。/请告诉我。RYou’retellingme.你正在告诉我。(slang:Iknowthatverywell./Iknewthatlongago.)我早知道了。/还用你告诉我！Nowyou’retalking.现在你正在谈话。（informal:Atlastyou’resayingsomethingagreeable.）你到底说了合我意的话了。你这样说才合我的意思。Examples:RYoucantalk.(informal:Youdon’thavetoworryaboutdoingaparticularthingyourself.)你不必担心自己要干什么。Examples:RSo,whattroublesusintranslationareusuallythosesimpleandfamiliarwordsbutnotthosedifficultandrarelyusedones.R2、GoodChineseProficiency(扎实的汉语基础，特别是下工夫提高汉语表达能力。)那地方是块肥肉，谁都想吃。Thatplaceisafatpieceofmeatwhicheveryonewantstoeat.Thatplaceisanattractivepieceofmeatcovetedbyall.你要有所弋获，则必须在学习中不断深入。Ifyouwanttogainanything,youmustconstantlydeepenyourstudies.R那研究生英年好学，矻矻三载，终使其论文得以付梓。Thatgraduatestudentathislife’sfullfloweringwaseagertolearn,workeddiligentlyanduntiringlyfor3years,andfinallyhehadhisthesispublished.2、GoodChineseProficiency(扎实的汉语基础，特别是下工夫提高汉语表达能力。)RII.Thebroadeningoftherangeandscopeofourgeneralknowledge广博的文化知识（汉英、互译）RTheSecurityCouncil

hasbeenseizedofthequestionsincethen.（需要国际法方面的知识）安理会自那时以来一直受理这个问题。Thegreaterthetranslator’sknowledgeofthesubjectmatter,thelessarduouslyunderstandingoccurs,andthemoreaccuratehis/herrepresentationinthetargetlanguage.RIII.PoliticalConsciousnessTheenemykilledoneofourcomradesandwekilledanenemyagent.敌人杀害了我们一位同志，我们宰了一个敌特。Thepeasantsandworkerswerehandinglove

withoneanotherinthestruggleagainstthelandlordsandcapitalistswhoworkedhandinglovewitheachother.

在反对狼狈为奸的地主和资本家的斗争中，工人和农民团结一致（或亲如手足）。thepeasantsuprisinginthehistoryofChina

“农民叛乱”or“农民起义”?RIV.Highly-developedsenseofresponsibility(高度的责任感)一是严谨、端正的工作态度。朱生豪翻译是坐冷板凳。二是敬业、乐业的主人公意识。RV.Translationtechniques(一定的翻译策略)一个译者可以不去过问翻译理论，但他决不会没有自己的翻译策略。Theuseofsimplifiedandincompletemodelsofadesigntoexploreideas,elaboraterequirements,refinespecifications,andtestfunctionality.使用简化的半成品的设计模型来调查意见、详尽要求、完善规格和测试功能。RUnlessyou’veanaceupyoursleeve,wearedished.

除非你有锦囊妙计，否则我们是输定了。（归化）除非你袖中藏有王牌，否则我们是输定了。（异化）Thetranslatormustbequitefamiliarwiththebasictranslationtechniques.Inaddition,thetranslatormusthaveanappropriatepoliticalconsciousness.”.Tosumup,asagoodtranslator,onehastoknowwelltheforeignlanguage,theChineselanguage,andthesubjectmatter.

Tosumup,asagoodtranslator,onehastoknowwelltheforeignlanguage,theChineselanguage,andthesubjectmatter.

RVI.Practice1(1)Healmostlosthisbusiness---hedistributesappliances.Hemanagedtogetbacktoworkslowlyandgotthingsundercontrol.*他几乎失业，经多次申请，最后设法上了班，能把事情控制住（能处理各项事务了）。√他做的是推销日用品器具的生意，（有一次）几乎倒了台（垮了），（后来）又慢慢地站住了，情况好了起来。2）Holdonamoment.Letmeputyouinthepicturefirst.(makeyouknowtherealsituation)*先别急，我带你去看一下图片/我替你拍了一张照片。√别急，先听我给你解释一下/我先把情况给你说一说。.R3）IhadtheinteriordonebythatyoungSpaniard.It’sextremelybeautiful.*年轻的司巴民达陶冶我的心灵，这真是美极了。√我请了几个年轻的西班牙人做室内装潢，搞得真是漂亮极了。（Spaniard：Spanishman）4）Ifoundthatitispossibletowalkyourwaytobetterhealth,atrimmerbodyandalonglife----nomatterwhatyoura