2022年福建省厦门市大学英语6级大学英语六级知识点汇总（含答案）

2022年福建省厦门市大学英语6级大学英语六级知识点汇总（含答案）学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Duringthe1960s,FTCrequiredailcigarettepackagesandadvertisingtoprintanexplicitwarningof______.

2.

TheKeywordMethodcreates______ofthelanguageanditscounterpartinsomeform.ofwordplay.

3.

AccordingtotheAsiaFoodInformationCentre,to______candecreaseoverallcancerincidencebyatleast20percent

4.

Singaporeansbelievethatalackof__________--speakingskillsisadisadvantageinthe21stcentury.

5.

TheprevioustitleforDrChanis______.

6.

Birthratesdecline,andmortalityofyoungandadultsincreaseswhenthepopulationapproaches______.

7.

Thelifeform.between3.8and2.billionyearsagowas______.

8.

Disabilityinsurancecancompletelycoveryourloss.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.

Suiciderateisparticularlyhighamongyoungaboriginalmenastheyhavetostruggleagainstnotonlypovertybutalso______.

10.

Depressionmightbethecauseof______.

11.BlowingHotandCold

Climatechangemaybeslowanduncertain,butthatisnoexcuseforinaction.Onereasonwhyuncertaintyoverclimatechangelookstobewithusforalongtimeisthattheoceans,whichabsorbcarbonfromtheatmosphere,actasatime-delaymechanism.Theirmassivethermalinertiameansthattheclimatesystemrespondsonlyveryslowly,tochangesinthecompositionoftheatmosphere.Anothercomplicationarisesfromtherelationshipbetweencarbondioxide(CO2),theprincipalgreenhousegas(GHG),andsulphurdioxide(SO2),andacommonpollutant.Effortstoreduceman-madeemissionsofGHGsbycuttingdownonfossil-fuelusewillreduceemissionsofboththegases.ThereductioninCO2willcutwarming,buttheconcurrent(同时发生的)SO2cutmaymaskthateffectbycontributingtothewarming.

Therearesomanysuchfuzzy(模糊的)factors—rangingfromaerosolparticlestocloudstocosmicradiation—thatwearelikelytoseedisruptionsoffamiliarclimatepatternsformanyyearswithoutknowingwhytheyarehappeningorwhattodoaboutthem.TomWigley,aleadingclimatescientistandmemberoftheUN'sIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC),goesfurther.HearguesinanexcellentbookpublishedbytheAspenInstitute,"USPoliciesonClimateChange:WhatNext?",thatwhateverpolicychangesgovernmentspursue,scientificuncertaintieswill"makeitdifficulttodetecttheeffectsofsuchchanges,probablyformanydecades."

Asevidence,hepointstothenegligibleshort-tomedium-termdifferenceintemperatureresultingfromanarrayofemission"pathways"onwhichtheworldcouldchoosetoembarkifitdecidedtotackleclimatechange.HeplotsvariousstrategiesforreducingGHGsthatwillleadinthenextcenturytothestabilizationofatmosphericconcentrationsofCO2at550partspermillion(ppm).Thatisroughlydoublethelevelwhichprevailedinpre-industrialtimes,andisoftensuggestedbyclimatescientistsasareasonabletarget.Butevenby2040,thetemperaturedifferencesbetweenthevariousoptionswillstillbetiny—andcertainlywithinthemagnitudeofnaturalclimaticvariance.Inshort,inanotherfourdecadeswewillprobablystillnotknowifwehaveover-orunder-shot.

Ignoranceisnotbliss

However,thatdoesnotmeanweknownothing.Wedoknow,forastart,thatthe"greenhouseeffect"isreal:withouttheheat-trappingeffectofwatervapor,CO2,methaneandothernaturallyoccurringGHGs,ourplanetwouldbealifeless30℃orsocolder.SomeoftheseGHGemissionsarecapturedandstoredby"sinks",suchastheoceans,forestsandagriculturalland,aspartofnature'scarboncycle.

Wealsoknowthatsincetheindustrialrevolutionbegan,mankind'sactionshavecontributedsignificantlytothatgreenhouseeffect.AtmosphericconcentrationsofGHGshaverisenfromaround280ppmtwocenturiesagotoaround370ppmtoday,thankschieflytomankind'suseoffossilfuelsand,toalesserdegree,todeforestationandotherland-usechanges.Bothsurfacetemperaturesandsealevelshavebeenrisingforsometime.

Therearegoodreasonstothinktemperatureswillcontinuerising.TheIPCChasestimatedalikelyrangeforthatincreaseof1.4℃-5.8℃overthenextcentury,althoughthelowerendofthatrangeismorelikely.Sincewhatmattersisnotjusttheabsolutetemperaturelevelbuttherateofchangeaswell,itmakessensetotrytoslowdowntheincrease.

Theworryisthatarapidriseintemperatureswouldleadtoclimatechangesthatcouldbedevastatingformany(thoughnotall)partsoftheworld.CentralAmerica,mostofAfrica,muchofsouthAsiaandnorthernChinacouldallbehitbydroughts,stormsandfloodsandotherwisemademiserable.

Thecolderpartsoftheworldmaybenefitfromwarming,buttheytoofacedanger.Oneistheconceivab

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

Tojudgehowseriousafloodis,wehavetoconsiderthevolumesofriversandstreamsinanareaand______.

13.

Themostdesirableabilityinnewemployeesnowistheir______.

A.presentationskills

B.computerskills

C.languageskills

D.communicationskills

14.Nodirectrelationshiphasbeenprovenbetweenhighcholesterollevelsandheartattacks.

15.HowSATSWork

Testsareafactoflifethroughoutourschoolcareers,butoneofthemostimportant,and,tosome,thescariest,ofthemallistheSAT—thatthree-hourexamthat'ssupposedtomeasureahighschoolstudent'schanceofacademicsuccessinthefirstyearofcollege.SomecollegesconsiderSATscoresmajorfactorsintheiradmissionprocess,whileothersviewhighschoolacademicperformance,alongwithrecommendationsandextracurricularactivities,equally,orevenmoreimportantly.Nomatterwhereyou'reheaded,ifyou'reahighschoolstudent,theSATisimportanttoyoubecausemostcollegesrequirestudentstoreporteitherSATorACTAssessmentscores.

WhatIstheSAT?

Firstofall,SATnolongerstandsforScholasticAptitudeTest(学术性倾向测验),theoriginalnameofthetestwhenitwasintroducedin1941.Althoughyoumaystillseethatnameoccasionally,theCollegeBoard,thenot-for-profiteducationalassociationthatsponsorstheSATS,decidedtolettheacronymstandonitsownasawayofaddressingcontroversyaboutthemeaningoftheword"aptitude".TheCollegeBoardalsorejectedthealternative"ScholasticAssessmentTest".(Englishteachersprobablypointedoutthatthisnamewasredundant,sinceassessmentmeanstest.)

TheSATImeasuresverbalandmathreasoningabilitiesthatyou'vedevelopedthroughoutyourschoolyears.Themultiple-choicetest,developedbythenot-for-profitEducationalTestingService,isintendedtoletstudentsdemonstratetheirverbalandmathabilitieswithoutregardtothekindofschoolingthey'vehad.AccordingtotheCollegeBoard,thetestlooksforastudent'sabilitytounderstandandanalyzewrittenmaterial,todrawinferences,todifferentiateshadesofmeaning,todrawconclusionsandsolvemathproblems—allskillsthatarenecessaryforsuccessincollegeandtheworkworld.

TheAmericanCollegeTesting(ACT)Assessment,whichwasintroducedin1959,isanalternativetotheSATthatvirtuallyallcollegesanduniversitiesnowaccept.Developersofthetesttoutitforitscurriculum-basedquestions,sayingthattheirtestismoredirectlyrelatedtowhatisactuallytaughtinhighschool.

What'stheSATII?

ThenewerSATII:SubjectTests,formerlytheCollegeBoardAchievementTests,areintendedtomeasureastudent'sknowledgeofaparticularsubject,suchasEnglish(writingorliterature),historyandsocialsciences,mathematics(variouslevels),sciences,andlanguages(Chinese,French,German,modernHebrew,Italian,Japanese,Latin,Spanish,English).SomecollegesrequireoneormoreSATIItests,buteveniftheyaren'trequired,SATIItestsscorescanhelpyoupresentamorepersonalizedportfoliothatillustrateshowwellyouwouldfitataparticularschool.MostcollegesuseSATIIscoresnotforadmissionpurposesbutforprogramplacementandcounseling.SATIItestsaregivenonaslightlydifferentschedulefromtheSATI.Generally,SATIItestsarconehourlongandconsistofmultiplechoicequestions.Thereareexceptions.Forexample,theWritingTesthas40minutesofmultiple-choicequestionsanda20-minutewritingsample.

Todecidewhichsubjecttestshouldbetaken,first,,makealistofallthecollegesyou'reconsidering.ThenreviewtheircatalogsorwebsitestofindoutiftheyrequireSubjectTestscoresforadmissionand,ifso,whichones.Useyourlistofcollegesandtheiradmissionrequirementstohelpplanyourhighschoolcourseschedule.Forexample,acollegetowhichyouplantoapplymayrequirealanguageSubjectTestscoreormightexemptyoufromafirst-yearcourserequirementifyoudowellonalanguageSubjectTest.

Inaddition,theCollegeBoardwebsitecanbesearchedforinformationaboutSubjectTestrequirementsatspecificcolleges.

WhenIstheSATTaken?

General

A.measurewhetherastudent'sabilitycanbesuccessfulinthefirstyearofcollege

B.evaluatehighschools'educationqualitythroughoutthecountry

C.helpimprovetheeducationincollegethroughoutthecountry

D.measurehighschoolstudents'chanceofafruitfullife

16.

Saccharomycescanstandfarhigherconcentrationsofethanolthanothermicroorganisms.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.Employeeswithoutchildrenareputatadisadvantagebecausetheyalwayshaveto______forco-workershavingkidstolookafter.

18.

Withouttheprenuptialtalk,it'snotlikelythatcoupleshaveanactualplanfortheirlivestogether.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

TheworldrestartedtheOlympicGamesin1896,buttherestartoftorchrelaywaslaterthanthat.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

______isthenameofaCambridge-basedcompanythatistryingtocreatethekindofcomputerwhichmightreceivethecontentsofabrain.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.

【B4】

22.(15)

A.Thereisacaraccidentonthehighway,butnobodygetshurt.

B.Theladyinthecarshouldbesenttohospitalimmediately.

C.Anambulanceissentbecauseapersongetsbadlyhurt.

D.Acarbrokedownandhastostayonthehighway.

23.听力原文：W:Jackseemstofancypainting.Onthewallsofhisbedroom,therearesomanyfamouspictures.Someofthemarepriceless.

M:However,hedoesnotlikevisitingtheartmuseumbecauseheconsidersitanoisyplace.

Q:WhatcanweconcludeaboutJackfromtheconversation?

(19)

A.Heisgoodatdrawingpictures.

B.Helikespicturesverymuch.

C.Helikesvisitingtheartmuseumverymuch.

D.Hethinkstheartmuseumisaveryquietplace.

24.听力原文：M:Hi,Nancy.CouldIborrowsomemoneyuntilpayday?

W:Uh,yeah,Iguess.Howarethingsgoinganyway?

M:Well,notverywell.I'veusedmycreditcardstopayoffalotofthingsrecently,butnow,Ican'tseemtopaythemoneyoff.

W:Uh,doyouhaveabudget?Imean,howdoyoukeeptrackofyourincomeandexpenses?

M:No,butIguessIshouldhavesomefinancialplans.

W:Well,letmeseeifIcanhelpyou.Howmuchmoneydoyouspendonyourapartment?

M:Uh,Ipay$890onrentforthestudioapartmentdowntown,notincludingutilitiesandcableTV.Buttheplacehasanawesomeviewofthecity.

W:Uh,$890!Whyareyoupayingsomuchforsuchasmallplace,whenyoucouldfindacheaperonesomewhereoutsideofthedowntownarea?

M:Yeah,Iguess.

W:Howmuchmoneydoyouspendonentertainmentamonth?

M:Well,Ispendafewdollarshereandthereonbasketballandmovietickets,aconcertortwo,andballroomdancelessons.

W:Uh,exactlyhowmuchdoyouspendonallofthese?

M:Well,oh...about$400.

W:Nowonderyou'rehavingmoneyproblems.Youcan'tjustblowyourmoneyonthingslikethat!Andwhatabouttransportation?

M:Oh,Icommutetoworkeverydayinmynewsportscar,butIgotagreatdeal,andmymonthlypaymentsareonly$450.

W:Well,Ithinkyou'vegottoreduceyourspending,oryou'llendupbroke.Isuggestyougetridofyourcreditcards,cutdownonyourentertainmentexpenses,andsellyourcar.Takepublictransportationfromnowon.

(20)

A.Howtoborrowmoneyfromfriends.

B.Howtoreduceexpensesontransportation.

C.Howtoworkoutafinancialplan.

D.Howtorentacheapapartment.

25.听力原文：M:Icanhardlybreathe.Wouldyoupleaseputyourcigaretteout?

W:I'msorrythatI'mbotheringyou,butthisisthesmokingsection.Whydon'tyouaskthestewardesstochangeyourseat?

Q:Whatdoesthewomanthinkthemanshoulddo?

(19)

A.Heshouldsitinthesmokingsection.

B.Heshouldaskthestewardessforhelp.

C.Heshouldmovetoanotherpartoftheplane.

D.Heshouldextinguishhiscigaretteatonce.

26.【B7】

27.

【B3】

28.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Decision-makingisacomplexbusinesssubjectwhichcombinesthemostcomplicatedelementsoftheoperationaland(36)______aspectsofmanagement.Theabilityto(37)______thedecision-makingprocessisoftendeterminedbyenvironmentalfactorsratherthanthestepsinsome"ideal"model.Decisionsarefrequentlyinfluencedmorebytheenvironmentandstructureoftheorganizationthanbythemethoditself.Theprocessofdecision-makingwill,therefore,beexaminedin(38)______ofenvironmentalfactors.-Oneof-thesefactors—socialandculturalbackground—affectsthe(39)______amongpeopleinvolvedinthedecision-makingprocessandprovidesthe(40)______frameworkwithinwhichtheymaycomfortablyoperate.Thebest(41)______forsolvingaproblem,forexample,mightbetoreplaceanemployeewhoisunsuitedforaposition.However,ifinthesociety'sculturethereisatraditionof(42)______employmentwithonecompany,thatalternativeisnotreallyfeasiblebecauseofsocialandcultural(43)______.

(44)____________.Theamountofflexibilitywithinanorganizationandtheavailableresources(suchasfacilities,technology,orfinancialreserves)areoftencontrollingfactors.(45)____________.Theamountofdataavailablemayalsolimittherangeofalternativesthatcanbeconsidered.(46)____________.

29.(35)

A.Theyshowedmorerespecttothegovernment'snewplan,

B.Theyignoredthegovernment'sdecisiontomove.

C.Theylosthopeandkilledthemselves.

D.Theyfoughtagainstthewhitewithgreatanger.

30.(25)

A.Theystayathomelongerthanbefore.

B.TheyhavemorefriendsontheInternet.

C.TheygivetoomuchtimetotheInternet.

D.Theyhavelessface-to-faceconversationsthanbefore.

31.(47)

32.(21)

A.EriccomesfromEurope,whileChenisaChinese.

B.Chensuggeststhattheygotopubs.

C.ChenalreadyknowsthatErichasnointerestinKTV.

D.SomeoftheemployeesinthecompanyareAmericans.

33.听力原文：M:FinallyIgotthechancetoputonmynewsuittonight.I'vegottoleaveagoodimpressionwithyourfamily.

W:Comeon,it'smerelyafamilyreunion.SojeansandT-shirtsarejustfine.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?

(15)

A.Shewouldliketoseethemaninformaldress.

B.Shebelievestheman'ssuitisappropriateforthisoccasion.

C.Themancoulddresscasually.

D.Suitandtiearerecommendedfortonight'sreunion.

34.(36)

A.Massachusetts.B.Texas.C.California.D.Connecticut.

35.(28)

A.Consultwithherfrequently.

B.Usethecomputerregularly.

C.Occupythecomputerearly.

D.Waitforone'sturnpatiently.

36.(26)

A.Comedy.B.Lightmovie.C.Mysterymovie.D.Actionmovie.

37.(32)

A.Theywilltakeoneofthesixmajortests.

B.Theywillbegivenapoptest.

C.Theywillberequiredtoreadashortstoryinclass.

D.Theywillhavetowriteacomposition.

38.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：W:Thereisatableforeightoverthere.IthinkTomshouldhaveinvitedMarytotheparty,don'tyou?

M:It'snoneofourbusiness.IfTomhadwantedtoinviteher,hewouldhave.

Q:WhatdidthewomansayaboutTom?

(12)

A.HewantedMarytocome,butshecouldn't.

B.HeinvitedMarytotheparty.

C.Hedidn'tinviteMarytotheparty.

D.Hedidn'twanttohaveapartybecauseofbusiness.

39.(41)

40.听力原文：W:Didyougotothelibrary,beforeorafteryourexamthismorning?

M:Before.First,Iwenttothelibrarytoreviewmylessons,andafterIhadmylunch,IplayedfootballbeforeIwenthome.

Q:Whatdidthemandothird?

(18)

A.Lunch.B.Exam.C.Reviewhislessons.D.Playingfootball.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

Whatarethepossiblereasonsthatsomemanagersdonotwanttobementorstotheirsubordinates?

42.

Thewriterofthearticlewas,undoubtedly______.

A.alinguistB.anattorneyC.ascientistD.anessayist

43.

Inmanyindustrializedcountries,themostcommonfood-bornediseaseis______.

44.

Thepresidentconsidersareinforcedbordernecessaryto______.

A.stopthelargenumberofimmigrantsfromMexico

B.deportalltheillegalimmigrantslivingintheUS

C.leadtoabettermanagementofimmigrantsintheUS

D.protectAmericancitizensfromillegalimmigrants

45.

Howdoestheauthorinterpret(痊释)loveattheendofthepassage?

46.

Wecaninferfromthispassagethat______.

A.offensivebreathcan'teasilybecured

B.elderlypeoplearelessoffendedbybadbreath

C.heavydrinkersarelessaffectedbybadbreath

D.offensivebreathislessaffectedbyalcohol

47.

"Bridgingthegap"(Line1,Para.4)isusedinthepassagetoreferto______.

A.teachingoldpeoplemoreinformationaboutthemoderntechnology

B.askingyounggenerationtogetusedtothetraditionalwaysofcommunication

C.usingmoderntechnologytoinventeasywaystocommunicateforoldpeople

D.neglectingthedifferencebetweenyoungandoldgenerationsincommunication

48.

Accordingtothepassage,therulechangesarelikelyto______.

A.provide$90billioninfinancialaid

B.costeachfamilyanaverageof$1,000peryear

C.havearippleeffectacrossfederalincometaxes

D.lowertheamountoffinancialaidprovidedbythegovernment

49.

Themainideaofthispassageis______.

A.negativeconsequencesofstudents'usingcreditcard

B.collegeadministratorsareplayingtheirproperrolesinpromotingcreditcards

C.cardissuersorcollegeadministratorspromotedcreditcard

D.reasonsforhighdrop-outratesinuniversities

50.

ElAl'ssecurityprocedurescan'tbewidelyappliedinAmericabecausetheyare____.

51.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaneffectofthedowrysystem?

A.Thehusbandhadtosharethepowerofdecisioninmarriage.

B.Thewifewasprotectedfromdesertion.

C.Thewifegainedapowerfuleconomicposition.

D.Thehusbandwasgivencontroloverhiswife'sproperty.

52.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Someadultscan'ttellfightfromwrong.

B.Censorshipiscomparedtothelawbecausebothofthemperform.goodservicetosocietyasawhole.

C.Censorspayattentiononlytogenuineworksofart.

D.Censorshipisnecessarybecausemanybooks,playsandfilmsarefarfrombeing"worksofart".

53.

______mainlyleadstothelowlifeexpectancyinAmerica.

54.

Whatcouldhappenifsomeofthechangesinthepresentworkpatternshavetobereversed?

55.Peoplewhosuspectcharterschools'achievementattributetheseschools'successtotheir

A.prolongingstudents'schooltime

B.bribingeducationaltestingsystem

C.skimmingoffthebeststudents

D.burdeningstudentswithheavyassignments

56.

【C4】

57.

ThefindingthatchildrenrearedathomehadlowIQsatage12indicates______.

A.educationalday-carecentersarethebestplaceforchildrentogrowupin

B.parentsfailtoprovideanadequateenvironmentfortheirintelligencegrowth

C.theageof12isacriticalpointintimeforintellectualdevelopmentinchildren

D.intellectualdevelopmentandacademicachievementofchildrenarecloselyrelated

58.WhatdoTimeWarnerandMatsushitahaveincommon?

A.TheybothbelongtoRupertMurdoch.

B.TheyarebothbigAmericanmediacorporations.

C.Theyarebothoutletofdifferingviewpointsandinnovativeideas.

D.Theybothownseveraldifferentbutrelatedmediabusinesses.

59.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtoPara.3?

A.Bergerwillsupportthedevelopmentoflocalbusiness.

B.BergerranformayorofGuatemalaCityinthelastelection.

C.Bergerwillendthewarbetweenthearmyandguerrillas.

D.Bergerwillsignafree-tradeagreementwiththeUnitedStates.

60.Migrationisusuallydefinedas"permanentorsemipermanentchangeofresidence".Thisbroaddefinition,ofcourse,wouldincludeamoveacrossthestreetoracrossacity.Ourconcerniswithmovementbetweennations,notwithinternalmigrationwithinnations,althoughsuchmovementsoftenexceedinternationalmovementsinvolume.Today,themotivesofpeoplewhomoveshortdistancesareverysimilartothoseofinternationalmigrants.

Studentsofhumanmigrationspeakof"push"and"pull"factors,whichinfluenceanindividual'sdecisiontomovefromoneplacetoanother.Pushfactorsareassociatedwiththeplaceoforigin.Apushfactorcanbeassimpleandmildamatterasdifficultyinfindingasuitablejob,orastraumatic(痛苦的)aswar,orseverefamine.Obviously,refugeeswholeavetheirhomeswithgunspointedattheirheadsaremotivatedalmostentirelybypushfactors(althoughpullfactorsdoinfluencetheirchoiceofdestination).

Pullfactorsarethoseassociatedwiththeplaceofdestination.Mostoftentheseareeconomic,suchasbetterjobopportunitiesortheavailabilityofgoodlandtofarm.ThelatterwasanimportantfactorinattractingsettlerstotheUnitedStatesduringthe19thcentury.In'general,pullfactorsadduptoanapparentlybetterchanceforagoodlifeandmaterialwell-beingthanisofferedbytheplaceoforigin.Whenthereisachoicebetweenseveralattractivepotentialdestinations,thedecidingfactormightbeanon-economicconsiderationsuchasthepresenceofrelatives,friends,oratleastfellowcountrymenalreadyestablishedinthenewplacewhoarewillingtohelpthenewcomerssettlein.Considerationsofthissorthadtothedevelopmentofmigrationflow.

Besidespushandpullactors,therearewhatthesociologistscall"interveningobstacles".Evenifpushand(or)pullfactorsareverystrongtheystillmaybeoutweighedbyinterveningobstacles,suchasthedistanceofthemove,thetroubleandcostofmoving,thedifficultyofenteringthenewcountry,andtheproblemislikelytobeencounteredonarrival.Thedecisiontomoveisalsoinfluencedby"personalfactors"ofthepotentialmigrant.Thesamepush-pullfactorsandobstaclesoperatedifferentlyondifferentpeople,sometimesbecausetheyareatdifferentstagesoftheirlives,orjustbecauseoftheirvaryingabilitiesandpersonalities.Theprospectofpackingupeverythingandmovingtoanewandperhapsverystrangeenvironmentmayappearinterestingandchallengingtoanunmarriedyoungmanandappallinglydifficulttoaslightlyoldermanwithawifeandsmallkids,Similarly,theneedtolearnanewlanguageandcustomsmayexciteonepersonandfrightenanother.Regardlessofwhypeoplemove,migrationoflargenumbersofpeoplecausesconflict.TheUnitedStatesandotherwesterncountrieshaveexperiencedadjustmentproblemswitheachnewwaveofimmigrants.Thenewestarrivalsareusuallygiventhelowest-paidjobsandareresentedbynativepeoplewhomayhavetocompetewiththemforthosejobs.Ithasusuallytakenseveraldecadesforeachgrouptobeacceptedintothemainstreamofsocietyinthehostcountry.

Theauthorthinksthatpullfactors______.

A.areallrelatedtoeconomicconsiderations

B.arenotasdecisiveaspushfactors

C.includearangeofconsiderations

D.aremoreimportantthanpushfactors

四、5.ErrorCorrection(5题)61.

【S4】

62.(71)

63.

【S5】

64.【S8】

65.

【S7】

五、6.Translation(5题)66.Thereisnoevidencethat______(大多数人愿意对生态环境无害的产品支付更多的钱).

67.Ifyoufirmlybelievethatacertaingoalisbeyondreach,______(有可能你会证明自己是对的).

68.Theorderfromthecommanderwasthatthetroops______.(立即开拔去前线).

69.Heiswellawarethat______(他晋升的可能性根本没有).

70.____________________(我们相信他所说的是因为他受过良好的教育，出生于受人尊敬的家庭),andwhat'smore,heisreliable.

参考答案

1.thehazardsofsmokingthehazardsofsmoking解析：根据关键词1960s和FTC查读小标题RegulatoryActioninthe1960s下面第二段第一句theFederalTradeCommission(FTC)proposedthatallcigarettepackagesandadvertisingberequiredtocarryastrongwarningofthehazardsofsmoking．

2.aphraseorscene

3.consumedailyover400gramsofvegetablesandfruitsconsumedailyover400gramsofvegetablesandfruits解析：判断题。根据第二段得出答案，其基本意思是“WCRF的专家得出结论，一个人不管其饮食和生活习惯如何，每天进食400克以上的不同种类的蔬菜和水果可以总体上减少20％的癌症发生率”。

4.ChineseChinese解析：答案见文章第二个小标题下的第一段第二句话。

5.WHOAssistantDirector-GeneralforCommunicableDiseasesandRepresentativeoftheDirector-GeneralforPandemicInfluenzaWHOAssistantDirector-GeneralforCommunicableDiseasesandRepresentativeoftheDirector-GeneralforPandemicInfluenza解析：本题根据文章第三段而设“ShewaspreviouslyWHOAssistantDirector-GeneralforCommunicableDiseasesandRepresentativeoftheDirector-GeneralforPandemicInfluenza．”“rifle”在这里的意思是“头衔”。

6.thelimitofresourcesthelimitofresources解析：参见文章第3段倒数第1句：Asthepopulationapproachesthelimitofresources，birthratesdecline，andmortalityofyoungandadultsincreases．

7.bacteria

8.B解析：参看原文"Disabilityinsurance"部分"Buttheseprogramstendtopayfarlessthanyourweeklysalary"。

9.alcoholismandracismalcoholismandracism解析：参见“PossibleCausesforSuicide”小节部分第三段第三句：Suicideisespeciallyhighamongthemostmarginal:youngAboriginalmen,isolatedbypoverty,alcoholismandracism.

10.suicide

11.B解析：文章在第一段最后两句话中提到：“Effortstoreduceman-madeemissionsofGHGsbycuttingdownonfossil-fuelusew