2022届西城高考英语一模试题

NMETPRACTICETESTS

西城'一模

2022XICHENG1stPRACTICETEST

Amysteryman,knownasBenny,hasbeenspreadinghappiness-one$100

billatatimeformorethanthreeyearsinandaroundSalem,Oregon.

Herandomly(1)thebillsinshopstobefound,surprisingand

delightingunsuspectingshoppers.Whenitappearedthatothersmightbetrying

tocopyhim,hestarted(2)hisbills.

Itisestimatedthathehashiddenmorethan$50,000worthof$100bills,and

thatsonlywhathasbeenreported.Somepeoplehavebeenkeepingtrackof(3)

thebillsarefound,andnoticethathehaslefttheminstores,

marketsandfairs.Thosewhofindoneallhaveasimilartaleaboutbeing(4)

whena$100bill,withthemarkof"Benny",fallsoutofthe

packagingofsomething.

Itis(5)howthesebillsalwaysseemtoendupintherighthands.

Theyhavehelpedpeoplepaytheirelectricbill,maketheirrent,andevenprovide

thehomelesswith(6)foracoupleofnights.Buttherealmagicof

Bennyisthatmorethanhalfofthe(7)reportpayingitforwardto

theirfavoritenon-profitorastrangerinneed.Someofthemostheartwarming

storiesinvolvechildren.(8)shoppingfortoys,theydecidetobuy

schoolsuppliesfortheirclassmatesorgroceriesforthelocalfoodbank.

Thebillsareso(9)bysomeofthepeoplewhofindthemthat

theypostthemontheirrefrigeratorsorcarrythemintheirpurses.Itsa(10)

,theysay,togiveandbelikeBenny.

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NMETPRACTICETESTS

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2022XICHENG1stPRACTICETEST

A

Today,therearegroupsofnativepeoplearoundtheworldthatstilllivea

traditionallifestyle.SomeliveinremotepartsofSouthAmerica,(11)

wayoflifeisindangerofdisappearing.TheKoruboarenative

peoplewholiveintheAmazonrainforest.Theymaketheirowntools,growtheir

owncrops,andhuntandfish.Theirmainweaponsareclubsandpoison-tipped

arrows,used(12)bothhuntingandprotectingtheirterritory

against(13)(outsider).

B

Awhitetelephonebooth(电话亭)，knownasthePhoneoftheWind,(14)

(sit)inagardenontopofaEll.Though(15)

(disconnect),thephoneservesasurprisingpurpose:helpingpeoplespeakout

whattheyfeelembarrassedtosayinfrontofothers.

(16)(think)abouttheideaforalongtime,Sasakifinallybuilt

thebooth"Mythoughtscantberelayedoveraregularphoneline,soIwant

them(17)(carry)onthewind.Ihopeotherscanalsoexpresstheir

feelingsinthesameway."

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NMETPRACTICETESTS

C

SomeQinbambootextswerediscoveredinatombinHubeiProvincethat

containmanyrulesregarding(18)peopleweresupposedtolive

andbehave.Expertssaythesetextscouldprovethegovernmentinthethird

centuryBChandedoutcruelpunishmentstopeoplewho(19)

(break)theserules.Forinstance,officialspunishedpeoplewhostolemoneyby

tattooing(刺青)theirface.Therearealsootherancientlawsinthetexts.Oneof

themisthatwhenquestioningasuspect,anofficialwas(20)(strict)

forbiddenfromusingphysicalforce.

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2022XICHENG1stPRACTICETEST

A

ChineseDualLanguageImmersionProgram(CDUV^

WhatisDualLanguageImmersion?

Duallanguageimmersionprovidesacademicinstructionintwolanguages.

ThePasadenaUnifiedSchoolDistrictcurrentlyoffersaChinese-English

immersionprogram.

WhyChoosetheCDLIP?

Learningasecondlanguageawakenscuriosityandrespectforothernations

andtheircultures.Chineseisnotonlyarichlanguagewithalongliterary

tradition,butithasalsoemergedasaninfluentialworldwidelanguage.Our

CDLIPpromotescross-culturalsensitivity,sothatstudentscanlearnaboutthe

globalizedworld.FornativeChinesespeakers,ourprogramensuresfull

developmentandmasteryofEnglishlanguageartswhilehelpingthembecome

morefluentintheirmothertongue.

OurClassrooms

TheCDLIPservesprimaryschoolstudent,fromkindergartenthrough

secondgrade.Grades3,4and5willbeaddedinSeptemberof2022,2023and

2024,respectively.TheprogramiscurrentlylocatedatLutherBurbankPrimary

School.Onanygivenday,youmightfindaclassroomfullofkindergarteners

countingandsortingcoins,firstgraderssinging"TheMoreWeGetTogether",

orsecondgradersdescribingphysicsexperiments-allinChinese!

HowDoestheProgramWork?

CDLIPclassroomscombinenativeandnon-nativespeakerssothatall

studentsmaysucceedinbothChineseandEnglish.WeapplyaTwo-Way90:10

Model.Inkindergarten,90%ofthedaysinstructionisinChineseand10%is

devotedtoimprovingEnglishorallanguageandtheabilitytoreadandwrite.As

childrenprogressthroughgradelevels,thepercentageofEnglishinstruction

graduallyincreases,finallyachievinga50:50splitbyfifthgrade.

NMETPRACTICETESTS

ToRegisterYourChild

Languagelearningisalong-termprocess,soparentsareaskedtoregister

theirchildrenforthefullsixyears.

★Registeronlineatwww.pusd.us/oebetweenJune13and23.

★Theprogramisfree,supportedbythePasadenaUnifiedSchoolDistrict.

★Forkindergarten,noknowledgeofChineseisnecessary.(Someknowledge

ofChineseisexpectedforstudentsenteringgrades1-3.)

★Applicationswillbeacceptedafterthedeadlineifspacesarestillavailable.

★Ifyouwouldlikeassistancecompletingyourapplication,pleasecontactMs.

NettyLiatBurbankPrimarySchool(626)396-5760orvisitPUSDWelcome

Center.

21.AfterattendingtheCDLIP,studentswillbeableto

A.masterChineseartsB.understandworldhistory

C.handdowntraditionalliteratureD.developcross-culturalawareness

22.TheCDLIPisintendedfor.

A.ChineseteachingassistantsB.childrenandtheirparents

C.primaryschoolstudentsD.1-3-year-oldchildren

23.WhatcanyoufindinCDLIPdasses?

A.Kindergartenersspendingmoretimepracticingreading.

B.Studentslearningthroughsongsandactivities.

C.Higher-gradestudentsusingmostlyChinese.

D.Studentsfocusingonsciencevocabulary.

24.Whatcanwelearnabouttheregistration?

A.Parentsneedtopaytheprogramfee.

B.Studentsmustberegisteredeveryyear.

C.Spacesareusuallyavailableafterthedeadline.

D.PUSDWelcomeCenteroffershelpwithregistration.

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2022XICHENG1stPRACTICETEST

B

Everysummerhecametoourvillageonhis

cycle.Thecyclewasfullofcoconutsandonthe

handlewashissmallredmoneypurseandthe

machetethatheusedtocutthecoconuts.He

alwaysworeablueandblackcheckeredlungi

andwasknownforhistoothlesssmilethat

tendedtoturnintoaslightlaugh.

Heoftenannouncedthearrivalofsummerbystandingunderourvillages

Gulmohartree.Duringthefirsttouchofsummer,redflowersfellontheground

andwelcomedhimtoourvillage;soontheredflowersturnedintolongsword-

likefruitswhichhungabovehisheadashecutthecoconuts.

Heneverateanythingexceptpaan(akindofleaf),whichhealwayscouldbe

seenchewing,andhejustsatunderthetreeuntilsomeoneapproachedhim.Then

hewouldchoosethebestcoconut,andwithexpertskill,carveitsothattheperson

coulddrinkthesatisfyingliquid.

Formehewasanartistwhoknewhowtocarvethegreencoconutintoan

oasis(绿洲)ofrelief.Hewasthecoconutwhisperer,whoknewwhichonehad

morewater.Nobodyevertalkedabouthim,forhewasofnosignificancetothe

busypeopleofourvillage.Hisexistencewillforeverbetiedtotheshadowofthe

Gulmohartree.

Nowadays,hedoesntdomuchbusiness.Kidsnolongercareforcoconut

water;theywantsoftdrinks.Iknowhisweakbodywillfailhiminthecoming

years.Hewillnotvisitourvillage,andwithhim,allmymemoriesofsummer

willdisappear.NoonewillmisshimapartfromtheGulmohartree,hisonly

friend.

MyfriendsandIhavestayedinthesamevillageourwholelife.Now,inour

mid-thirties,wedonthavetimetotalkaboutourchildhoodandthelifebeyond

thechainsofsociety.

NMETPRACTICETESTS

Ivemadeupmymind.TomorrowIwilltalkwithhim.Iwilllistentohim

andpreservehiminmymemory.Iwilltellhimhowimportanthewasforme,

howhedefinedsummerforme,and,duringeverysummer,howhenurtured（滋

养）mewiththecoconutwater,whichwasfilledwithhislove.Iwilltakeinhis

smileonelasttime-aremembranceofmychildhoodinnocence.Iwillhughim

untilmytearsmixwithhis.

25.Whatdidthekidsofthevillagereceivefromthecoconutseller?

A.Amusingtoothlesssmiles.

B.Refreshmentinsummer.

C.Coconutcarvingskills.

D.Invaluableexperience.

26.Intheeyesoftheauthor,thecoconutselleris.

A.amagicianinhischildhood

B.aheroduringchangingtimes

C.asurvivorofaforgottenminority

D.aprotectorofaprecioustradition

27.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoexpress?

A.Passonwhatisyourstothenextgeneration.

B.Freeyourselffromthepressureofsociety.

C.Enjoythesimplethingsinyourbusylife.

D.Appreciatesomethingbeforeitsgone.

2022XICHENG1stPRACTICETEST

c

Onequestioneverycoachhasheardintheircoachingcareeristhis:

"Whyisntmykidplaying?"

Thestupidityofmany"win-at-all-cosfcoachesinyouthsportsisneatly

matchedbythatof"play-my-kid-or-else"parentsatthehighschoollevel.

Whenthegamesstarttocount,themainreasonwhyyourkidisntplaying

issimple:

"Theyrejustnotgoodenough."

"He/shejustisntfastenough."

"He/shejustisntstrongenough."

Goodcoaches,however,arenotusuallythatblunt.Theyareveryskillfulin

nottellingwhatyouandIwouldconsiderthe"truth".Thethingisthatmany

kidsknowwhattheyregoodat,andwhattheyrenotgoodat.Whenitcomesto

football,forinstance,mostofthemiddle-schoolersorfreshmenalreadyknowthe

oneortwokidswhoaregoodenoughtoplayonthevarsityteam（校队）orto

catchtheeyeofacollegeadmissionsofficer.Theirparentsdonot.

Therestplaybecausetheyenjoyit,needthediscipline,wanttobelongtoa

team,havedreamedofitsincetheywerefiveorsix,aretryingtomaketheir

parentshappy,needavarsitysportontheircollegeapplication,orsome

combinationofthefactorsabove.Someofthemdontpossessmuchathleticskill,

butmakeupforitbypracticing,bygettingstrongerandquicker,andwithon­

fieldeffort.

Fartoomanychildrentodayarelivinginaworldwheretheyneverlearn

"no”.Theydontknowhowtohandledisappointmentorfailure.Nordothey

knowhowtoreactandmoveonwhentheydontgettheirownway.

Itsawfulwhenyourkidisntplaying.Beenthere,donethat.Noreasonable

parentwantstoseetheirchildhurt.Butnooneescapesthislifeunhurt,

emotionallyifnotphysically.Whenthesekidsmoveoninlife,theyaregoingto

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NMETPRACTICETESTS

getrejectedwhentheyapplyforcollege,failtogetthejobtheywant,andtaste

failureanddisappointmentonmultiplefronts.

Coachesshouldtrytomakesureeveryonegetssomeplayingtime.Butthat

shouldnevercomeattheexpenseofotherkidswhoaremoretalented,tryharder

orspendmoretimepracticing.Nochildshouldevergooutforanyteamthinking

theyregoingtobeguaranteedaspotorplayingtime,nomatterhowloudlytheir

parentscomplain.

Inthatsense,sportsareatruemirroroflife.Nooneisguaranteed"playing"

timeinlife.Forthemostpart,hardwork,effort,planninganddesireisrewarded.

Thebenefitscanbewonderful.Butitsgoodtobepreparedwhenitdoesntwork

outthatway.

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword'blunt'probablymean?

A.Impatient.B.Annoying.

C.Direct.D.Serious.

29.Theauthorbelievesthat.

A.kidsshouldlearnhowtofacerejectionintheirlife

B.peoplecanlivealifewithoutbeingemotionallyhurt

C.parentsmusthelpkidsescapedisappointmentandfailure

D.coachesneedtoensureeverystudentgetsenoughplayingtime

30.Whatprobablymotivatedtheauthortowritethispassage?

A.Coachesmistakenbeliefsaboutvarsityteams.

B.Parentsunrealisticviewsofkidsplayingtime.

C.Childrensignoranceofthemeaningofsportsandlife.

D.Thepublicsdoubtsaboutwhykidsneedtoplaysports.

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2022XICHENG1stPRACTICETEST

D

TheUSscientistswhocreatedthefirstlivingrobotssaythelifeforms,known

asxenobots,cannowreproduce-andinawaynotseeninplantsandanimals.

XenobotsareformedfromthestemcellsoftheAfricanclawedfrog（Xenopus

laevis）,fromwhichittakesitsname.

"Frogshaveawayofreproducingthattheynormallyuse,butwhenyou

liberatethestemcellsfromtheembryo（胚月台）andyougivethemchancetofigure

outhowtobeinanewenvironment,notonlydotheyfigureoutanewwayto

move,buttheyalsofigureoutapparentlyanewwaytoreproduce,"saidMichael

Levin,aprofessorofbiologyatTuftsUniversity,whowasco-leadauthorofthe

newresearch.

Stemcellsareunspecializedcellsthathavetheabilitytodevelopinto

differentcelltypes.Tomakethexenobots,theresearchersremovedlivingstem

cellsfromfrogembryosandleftthemtodevelop.

"Mostpeoplethinkofrobotsasbeingmadeofmetal,butitsnotsomuch

whatarobotismadefrombutwhatitdoes,whichisactonitsownonbehalfof

people,"saidJoshBongard,acomputerscienceprofessorandroboticsexpertat

theUniversityofVermontandleadauthorofthestudy."Inthatway,itsarobot,

butitsalsoclearlyanorganismmadefromfrogcells."

Theresearchersfoundthatthexenobotscouldreplicate（自我复制）.Butit

happenedrarelyandonlyinspecificcircumstances.Thexenobotsused"kinetic

replication"-aprocessthatisknowntooccuratthemolecular（分子）level.

Withthehelpofartificialintelligence,theresearchersthentestedbillionsof

bodyshapestomakethexenobotsmoreeffectiveatthistypeofreplication.The

supercomputercameupwithaC-shapethatlookedlikePac-Man,the1980s

videogame.Theyfounditwasabletofindtinystemcells,gatherhundredsof

theminsideitsmouth,andfewdayslaterthepackofcellsbecamenewxenobots.

"TheAldidntprogramthesemachinesinthewayweusuallythinkabout

writingcode.ItshapedandsculptedandcameupwiththisPac-Manshape,"

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NMETPRACTICETESTS

Bongardsaid."Theshapeis,inessence,theprogram.Theshapeinfluenceshow

thexenobotsbehavetospeedupthisincrediblysurprisingprocess/

Thexenobotsareveryearlytechnology-thinkofa1940scomputer-and

dontyethaveanypracticalapplications.However,thiscombinationof

molecularbiologyandartificialintelligencecouldpotentiallybeusedinmany

tasksinthebodyandtheenvironment.Thismayincludethingslikecollecting

microplasticsintheoceans,inspectingrootsystemsandregenerativemedicine.

"Therearemanythingsthatarepossibleifwetakeadvantageofthiskindof

plasticityandabilityofcellstosolveproblems."Bongardsaid.

31.AccordingtoJoshBongard,arobotshouldbedefinedintermsof.

A.itsfunctionB.itsreliability

C.itsappearanceD.itsmaterial

32.Whatcanwelearnaboutxenobotsfromthepassage?

A.Xenobotshavecopiedstemcellsusingcomputerprograms.

B.Specializedcellsplayakeyroleinthereplicationofxenobots.

C.Almakesitpossibleforxenobotstoreplicatemoreeffectively.

D.Theshapeofxenobotswasinspiredfromavideogameinthe1980s.

33.Whatistheauthorsattitudetowardsfutureapplicationsofxenobots?

A.Disapproving.B.Optimistic.

C.Unconcerned.D.Objective.

34.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Wheredoestheunnaturalreplicationprocesslead?

B.Arexenobotsthefutureofartificialintelligence?

C.Theuncertainroleofrobotreproduction

D.Factorfantasy?Robotscanreproduce

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2022XICHENG1stPRACTICETEST

TheTruthaboutYourMemory

Whatwouldyoubewithoutyourmemories?Howimportantisyourability

torememberthepastandtodrawonittohelpyouknowwhattodonext?III

answerforyou:Itsrightuptherewithbreathingandeating.(35)

However,mostpeopleknowlittleaboutmemory.Astudybyresearch

psychologistsDanielSimonsandChristopherChabrisaskedpeoplesimple

questionsaboutmemoryandthencomparedtheiranswerswiththoseofexperts

inmemoryresearch.(36)Forinstance,tothequestion"Istherea

videocamerainyourhead?"63%ofpeoplesurveyedstronglyagreedormostly

agreedthathumanmemory"workslikeavideocamera,accuratelyrecordingthe

eventsweseeandhearsothatwecanreviewandinspectthemlater."Noneof

theexpertsstronglyagreedormostlyagreedthatmemoryfunctionslikethat.

Sohowdoesmemorywork?(37)Hemeanswellandwantsto

help,butthebesthecandoistellyoustories.Andlikeallgoodstorytellers,he

editsforimpact,efficiency,functionality,andclarity.Hetellsyouwhathe

assumesyouneedtoknow.Healsomakeshonestmistakes-lotsandlotsofthem.

Sometimeshejustgetsconfusedandleavesoutsomethingimportant.Hecould

evenincludeinaccurateinformationbyaccident.

Inotherwords,thereisnoconsistentororderlysensetomemory.Amemory

willbehiddenawayandconnectedtoothermemoriesorconceptsinwaysthat

arenotnecessarilypracticalorlogical.(38)Memoriescometousina

waythatissimilartohowarchaeologistsandpolicedetectivesusebitsof

informationtoconstructstoriesaboutpastpeopleandevents.

(39)Fortunately,enoughhasbeenrevealedtoofferuswiseand

safeguidancethroughdailylife.Yourmemoryisbestthoughtofashelpfulinput.

Wedontneedtoremembereverydetailabouteverything.

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NMETPRACTICETESTS

A.Theresearchershadaverytough/tim^understandinghumanmemories.

B.Thehumanbrainisstillamysteriousureverseinmanyways,ofcourse.

C.Aresearchshowsrecallingpastcanchangethememoryofwhatreally

happened.

ryare.

E.OnewouldtrHQkthatunderstandinghowmemory刊swouldbea

highpriorityforall/Deople.

F.Iprefertodescribeitassomethinglikeanoldmansiftingbyacampfire

somewheredeinyourbrain.

G.Thisiswhy步particul><smellorsoundmaingup\memoryeven

thoughitw^sn'pffiportantintheoriginalexperience

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2022XICHENG1stPRACTICETEST

Whatmakessomepeopleincapableofapologizing-evenwhentheyre

clearlyinthewrong?

Peoplewhocannotapologizeoftenhavedeepfeelingsoflowself-worth.

Whentheirdelicateego（自我）cannotabsorbtheblowofadmittingtheywere

wrong,theirdefensemechanismskickin-theymayplaceblameandevenargue

aboutbasicfactstopreventthethreatofhavingtolowerthemselvesbyoffering

anapology.

Unfortunately,manyofusmistakenlyinterpretthesepeoplesdefensiveness

asasignofpsychologicalstrength.Thatsbecauseoutwardlytheyappeartobe

toughindividualswhorefusetobackdown.Butthisdoesntshowthattheyre

strong-itshowsthattheyreweak.

Admittingthatwerewrongisemotionallyuncomfortableandpainfultoour

senseofself.Inordertotakeresponsibilityandapologize,ourself-worthneeds

tobestrongenoughtoabsorbthatdiscomfort.Indeed,ifourself-worthishigher

andmorestable,wecantoleratethetemporarydiscomfortthatsuchan

admissioninvolves-withoutthewallsaroundouregofallingdown.

Butifourself-worthisseeminglyhighbutactuallybreakable,thatdiscomfort

cangothroughourdefensivewallsandscoreadirecthittoourego.Indeed,the

morefixedonesdefensemechanismsare,themoredelicatetheegotheyre

protecting.

Themistakeweoftenmakewhenfacedwithsomeonewhoshabitually

incapableofapologizingistobecomeangryandtrytowinourargumentwith

them.Butthesadrealityisthatwecanneverwin.Inthesesituations,thebestwe

candoismakeourpointsascalmlyandasconvincinglyaswecanandthen

disengagefromtheargumentwhenitbecomesunproductive-likewhenthey

disagreewiththefacts,comeupwithsillyexcusesorturntomeanremarks.

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NMETPRACTICETESTS

40.Whycantsomepeopleapologize?

41.Whatdomanypeoplemistakenlythinkofanon-apologizersdefensiveness?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineit

andexplainwhy.