2021届六灶中学高三英语期中试题及参考答案

2021届六灶中学高三英语期中试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABrooklynBotanicGardenBriefIntroductionTheBrooklynBotanicGarden（BBG）wasacquiredbythecityofBrooklynin1854alongwiththelandthatisProspectPark.TherearesomanygardensondisplayattheBBGthatishonestlyhardtokeepcountofthem.There’stheJapaneseHillandPondGarden,theOsborneGarden,theShakespeareGarden...yougetthepoint.Eachgardenthatisdisplayedwillbeshowingoffadifferentgroupofamazingplantsthatcomemallsortsofcolor1sandsizes.TheBrooklynBotanicGardenofferssomethingfortheentirefamily.TheyevenhaveaChildren’sGardenforthelittleones.AttractionsJapaneseHillandPondGardenOneofthemostfrequencyvisitedgardensatBBG,theJapaneseHillandPondGardeniscertainlyafavoriteamongvisitors.Thisgardenfeaturesavarietyofstylesaswellasbeautifulscenerywithaviewingpavilion（亭子）andawaterfall.TheShogunLanternfeaturedintheJapaneseHillandPondGardenisover500yearsold.ItwasgiventotheBrooklynBotanicGardenasagiftfromthecityofTokyo.Children’sGardenChildrenhavebeenplantingplantsattheBrooklynBotanicGardensince1914andcontinuetheireffortstoday.Currently,thereareoverathousandchildrencontributingtotheChildren’sGarden.ShakespeareGardenForthosewhohavefalleninlovewiththeworksofShakespeare,thiswillbeagardenthattheycantrulyappreciate.Over80plantsthathavebeenmentionedinthewritingofShakespearecurrentlygrowintheShakespeareGarden.GettingtoBrooklynBotanicGardenBrooklynBotanicGarden:900WashingtonAvenue,Brooklyn,NY11225ClosestSubway:ProspectPark/EasternParkway/FranklinAvenueBusTourStops:Stop34or35BrooklynrouteOpeningTimes15March—6November：Tuesday—Friday:8:00am—6:00pm;Saturday—Sunday:10:00am—6:00pm8November—11MarchMonday—Friday:8:00am—4:30pm;Saturday—Sunday:10:00am—4:30pm.Wherecanvisitorsenjoyawaterfall?A.OsborneGarden. B.ShakespeareGarden.C.Children’sGarden. D.JapaneseHillandPondGarden..HowcanvisitorsgototheBrooklynBotanicGarden?A.BytakingabustoProspectPark..Bytakingabusto34WashingtonAvenue.C.BytakingthesubwaytoFranklinAvenue.D.BytakingthesubwaytoStop35ontheBrooklynroute.WhencanNancyvisittheBrooklynBotanicGardeninDecember?A.5:00pmonThursday. B.8:30amonWednesday.C4:30pmonFriday. D.9:00amonSaturday.BChimpsuseloudcallsandgesturestomaketheirfeelingsknownbutuntilnow,theexactmeaningforindividualmovementshasremainedamystery.Nowresearchersbelievetheyhavetranslatedthekeygesturesusedinthechimpcommunityandidentifiedtheirintentionsforthefirsttime.From4,351gestures,expertswereabletoidentify66thatareusedfor19specificmessagemeanings,includingshowingafoottotellachildtheycanclimbontheirback.Theresearcherswereabletonarrowdownthese66gesturesto36thatareusedintentionallytoachieve15purposes.ThetranslationsweremadebyDrCatherineHobaiterandhercolleaguesatStAndrewsUniversityinScotland.DrHobaiterusedbehaviorsamplingandfilmedallrecordedcasesofgesturalcommunication.Othergesturesincludestompingtheirfeettoaskanotherchimptostopwhattheyaredoing,andslappingobjectstogethertoaskanothertofollowthem.Ofthe19meanings,17encouragedinteractionstostart,ortodevelop,suchas“movecloser,”and“changeplay”.Someofthegestureswerefoundtohavemorethanonemeaning.andonly10ofthe66gestureswereusedforonlyasinglemeaning.Researcherscollectedatotalof471videoclipsfromtwosocialgroupsofchimpsatashelternearKinshasa,DemocraticRepublicofCongo.Aswellasidentifyingwhatthegesturemeans,theyalsodiscoveredthetechniqueneededtoincreasethechancesofsuccess.“Humanchildrenusegesturestocommunicatebeforetheyproducetheirfirstwords,andtheirearliestgesturestypicallyappeararound10monthsofage,”explainedtheresearchers.“Ingreatapes,thereisgoodevidencethatlanguage-trainedindividualsarecapableofacquiringandunderstandingsignals,butthisisfarlessclearintheirnaturalcommunication.”Chimpsslaptheobjectsto .A.tellotherstostopwhattheyaredoing B.askotherschimpstojointhemC.gatherotherchimpstomovecloser D.encourageinteractionstostartWhatdidresearchersfindafterstudying471videoclips?Chimpstrainedinlanguagearegoodatunderstandingsignals.TwosocialgroupsofchimpsliveatashelternearKinshasa.Language-trainedindividualsdowellinnaturalcommunication.Chimps’earliestgesturesappeararound10monthsofage.Howisthelastparagraphdeveloped?A.Byanalyzingcauses. B.Byexaminingdifferences.CBymakingcomparisons. D.Byfollowingtimeorder.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?AANewResearchonChimps B.HumanChildrenandChimpsC.GettingtheChimpsTrainedforLanguage D.TranslatingtheSignLanguageofChimpsCPabloPicassowasbornonOctober25inMalaga.Spainin1881.Takingafterhisfather,Picassosharedapassion（热爱）forpaintingandart.Eventhoughhewasn'tthebeststudentinschool,Picassoexcelledatdrawing.Noticinghisamazingtalent,Picasso'sfather,anartist,taughthimeverythingheknew.Beforelong,Picassocouldpaintanddrawmuchbetterthanhisfather.Withthisrichtalent,Picassopaidlessandlessattentiontohisschoolworkandspentthemajorityofhisdaysketchinganddrawinginnotepadsandsketchbooks.Whenhewasalittlebitolder,Picassomovedtwiceandwasacceptedintotwofineartprograms.However,hedidn'tcareverymuchforthespecialtechniquestheytaughtandoftenwanderedthestreetsbyhimselfdrawingthescenesaroundhim.Aftermovingtothesetwoplaces,PicassomovedbackhometoBarcelonaanddecidedthathewoulddevelopnewtechniquesofartandpaintingbasedonwhathesaw.Later,PicassodecidedtomovetoParis,France,wherehebeganperfectinghisowntechniquesofpainting,drawingandotherformsofart.Hisdrawings.paintings,andanincludedpiecesaboutsadness,poverty,classicsandself-portraits.Oneofhismajortypesofworkiscalledcubism（立体派），whichincludesartwithallsizesofgeometricshapestogetheronthepieceofan.Thistypeofartisveryimportantbecausenootherartistshadcomeupwiththeideabefore.Picassodecidedtotrysomethingnew,andasaresult,cubismiswidelyacceptedtodayasaclassicstyleofart.Picassoinspiresustoalwaysbethinking.Hetellsustothinkoutsidetheboxandcomeupwithfreshnewideasthatcanchangetheworld.Hesurelyplaysasignificantroleintheartfield.WhatdoweknowaboutPicassoasastudentatschool?Hehateddoinghishomework.Hewasveryproudofhistalent.Heshowedgreattalentfordrawing.Hewasoftenpraisedbyhisteacher.WhatdidPicasso'sfatherdowhenhefoundPicasso'sgift?HetriedhisbesttohelpPicasso.HeblamedPicassoforhislaziness.HeaskedPicassotofinishhisworkontime.HeencouragedPicassotodobetteratschool.WhatwasPicasso'sattitudetowardsthespecialtechniquesatthattime?Hethoughthighlyofthem.Hetooknointerestinthem.Hewasconfusedaboutthem.Hewasconcernedaboutthem.Whatdoestheauthortellusinthelasttwoparagraphs?Picassohasgreatfaithinart.Picassohaschangedtheworldalot.Picassocandoanythinghewantsto.D.Picassoisahighlycreativeartist.DYourunintothegrocerystoretoquicklypickupyouritem.Yougrabwhatyouneedandheadtothefrontofthestore.Afterquicklysizingupthecheck-outlines,youchoosetheonethatlooksfastest.Youchosewrong.Peoplegettinginotherlineslongafteryouhavealreadycheckedoutandheadedtotheparkinglot.Whydoesthisseemtoalwayshappentoyou?Well,asitturnsout,it'sjustmaththatisworkingagainstyou.Agrocerystoretriestohaveenoughemployeesatthecheckoutlinestogetalltheircustomersthroughwithminimumdelay.Butsometimes,likeonaSundayafternoon,theygetsuperbusy.Becausemostgrocerystoresdon'thavethephysicalspacetoaddmorecheckoutlines,theirsystembecomesoverburdened.Somesmallinterruption—apricecheck,aparticularlytalkativecustomer—willhavedownstreameffects,holdinguptheentirelinebehindthem.Iftherearethreelinesatthestore,thesedelayswillhappenrandomlyatdifferentregisters（收银台）.Thinkabouttheprobability.Thechancesofyourlinebeingthatfastestoneareonlyoneinthree,whichmeansyouhaveatwo-thirdschanceofnotbeinginthefastestline.Soit'snotjustinyourmind:Anotherlineisprobablymovingfasterthanyours.Now,mathematicianshavecomeupwithagoodsolution,whichtheycallqueuingtheory,tothisproblem:Justmakeallcustomersstandinonelongsnakingline,calledaserpentineline,andserveeachpersonatthefrontwiththenextavailableregister.Withthreeregisters,thismethodisaboutthreetimesfasteronaveragethanthemoretraditionalapproach.Thisiswhattheydoatmostbanks,TraderJoe's,andsomefast-foodplaces.Withaserpentineline,alongdelayatoneregisterwon'tunfairlypunishthepeoplewholinedupbehindit.Instead,itwillsloweveryonedownalittlebit.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?A.Queuinginaline. B.Ashoppingexperience.C.Arushinthemorning. D.Cuttinginaline.Accordingtothearticle,whatmaycausedelaysincheckingout?Thelackofemployeesinthegrocerystore.Someunexpecteddelaysofcertaincustomers.Theincreasingitemsboughtbycustomers.Aworseningshoppingsystemofthestore.Whatisthesolutiongivenbymathematicians?Employingmoreworkersforcheckingout.Limitingthenumberofqueuingpeople.Makingonlyonelineavailable.Alwaysstandinginthesameline.What'stheprinciplebehindthequeuingtheory?Topursuethemaximumbenefit.Toleavesuccessorfailuretoluck.Toavoidtheminimumloss.Tospreadtheriskequallyamongeveryone.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项PublicSpeakingPublicspeakingcanbedefinedastheactofmakingaspeechinfrontofagroupoflisteners.Thetypesofpublicspeakingaredeliberatelystructuredwiththreegeneralpurposes:toinform,topersuadeandtoentertain.Aninformativespeechhasapurposetoinform,orgiveknowledgetoitsaudience.___16___Forpersuasivespeech,thespeakerwouldtrytochangethemindset,perception,orbehavioroftheaudiencefortheirowngood.Thus,thespeakerneedstolookforcommongroundwiththeaudienceandtrytorelatetowhattheymightagreeon.Thelasttypeisaceremonialspeech.Ittendstobelessformalandmorepersonalthantheothertypesofspeeches.Nomatterhowwellyouknowthepersonyouaregivingspeechabout,trynottosaybadthingsaboutthem,evenifitismeanttobeajoke.___17___Sparingsometimetopracticewillhelpbuildconfidenceandhelpdeterminehowlongthepresentationwilllast.Asidefromit,knowingwhotheaudiencewillbeisquitenecessary.Trytogetasmuchinformationaspossibleregardingthisparticulararearelatedtotheaudience.Knowingthe“battlefield”inadvancewillgivethespeakersahugeadvantage.Languageisthemainaspectaspeakerneedstopayattentiontowhilegivingaspeech.___18___Aspeakerneedstochoosetheirwordscarefullyandmakeitcleartotheaudiencewhattheymean.Often,whengivenaspeech,theaudiencelookuptothespeakertogivethemsomethingnewanduseful.___19___Languageanddeliveryalonewillnotbesufficientifthespeakerdoesnothavethebodylanguage.Themovementandgestureofaspeakeralsoaffecttheaudience.Whileclosingthespeechorpresentation,speakerscanrestatetheirmainpoints,justtoremindtheaudienceoftheimportantthingsthathavebeensaid.___20___A.Itneedstobeusedclearly.B.Thesespeechesmarkspecialoccasions.C.Theimportantthingtowatchaboutisnottoputintoomuchinformation.D.Thekeyofperfectinganythingisthroughpractice,includingpublicspeaking.E.Theycanalsoenditwithaspecialmessageandencouragetheaudiencetoaskquestions.F.Knowinghowpublicspeakingisdoneisakeypartinunderstandingtheimportanceofit.G.Thus,thespeakerneedstoknowhowtodelivertheirspeechtofulfilltheaudience''sexpectation.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项完形填空（共20小题；每小题21.5分，满分30分）WhenIwasayoungmanIhadmuchego（自负）.IthoughI21everything.Ilookedforwardtofameandsuccess.Icanevenrememberonceincollege 22 tellingoneofmyfriends:“Ifonlyeveryonelistenedtome,thentheywouldallbehappy.”I 23 leftschool,readytotakeontheworld.LittledidIknowtheworldwasabouttotakeonme.Inthe 24 followingcollege,insteadofsuccess,Ifoundstruggles.Ihad 25 infindingwork.Myjobswereeithertemporaryorwere 26 badly.WhenmywifeandIhadchildren,wewere27tolearnthatbothofoursonshadAutism（自闭症）andwouldneedtobe28fortherestoftheirlives.Ihadno 29 whythishadhappenedtous.Intime,however,Ibeganto 30 .Myegowasdecreasingfast.Insteadofsuccess,Ifoundmy 31 inmomentsoflove.Playingand 32 withmysonsbroughtmesomuchhappiness.Myboys 33 memoreaboutpeace,patience,joyandlovethanIcouldhaveeverlearnedonmyown.Ibegantosharethe 34 Ilearnedthroughmywritingsandmylife.Ifinallyrealizedthatmy 35 inthisworldhadnothingtodowithfameorsuccess.___36___,ithadeverythingtodowithallowingloveandlightintomylifeand 37 itwitheveryoneIcould.Youmaynotbehappy100%ofthetime.38canbeinthisworld.Yet,youwillfindajoyno08代,丫（世俗的） 39 couldevergive.Putallofyourmoments,daysandyearstogoodusethen. 40 themwithlove.22.A.knewB.deservedC.possessedD.confirmed23.A.calmlyB.nicelyC.proudlyD.eagerly24.A.frequentlyB.finallyC.suddenlyD.smoothly25.A.daysB.monthsC.weeksD.years26.A.funB.regretC.powerD.trouble27.A.doneB.paidC.preparedD.judged28.A.exhaustedB.annoyedC.shockedD.embarrassed29.A.takenchargeofB.paidattentiontoC.putupwith D.takencareof30.A.ideaB.hopeC.opinionD.belief31.A.agreeB.changeC.struggleD.improve32.A.jobB.joyC.luck D.goal33.A.laughingB.toyingC.swimmingD.working34.A.fetchedB.broughtC.preparedD.taught35.A.theoriesB.contentsC.lessonsD.truths36.A.demandB.careerC.purposeD.world37.A.ThereforeB.AgainC.AlsoD.Instead38.A.sharingB.owningC.admiringD.enjoying39.A.SomebodyB.NobodyC.EverybodyD.Anybody40.A.personB.matterC.successD.experience41.A.EquipB.TradeC.LiveD.Fill第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.ThePopularMobileLibraryAroundtheworld,themobilelibraryprojectsarebringingbooksandevenadvicetocommunitieswithseriousandurgentneeds.Everyweek,twomodifiedbluebuses___41.___(stock)withchildren’sbookscarefullyrundownthestreetsofKabul.Thesetravellinglibrariesstopoffatschoolsindifferentpartsofthecity,___42.___(deliver)awealthofreadingmaterialsdirectlytotheyoungsterswhohavelimitedaccesstobooks.“Alotofschoolsinourcitydon’thaveaccesstosomethingasbasicasalibrary,”saysRim,a27-year-oldOxfordUniversitygraduatewho___43.___(inspire)tostartCharm,anon-profitorganization,inherhomecityhavinggrownupwithoutmanybooksherself.“Weweretryingtounderstand___44.___wecoulddotopromotecriticalthinkinginourcountry.”Formanypeopleabusortrainjourneypresentsarareopportunitytogetstuckintoabook,andinsomecitiespublictransportisbeingregardedasmeansofgettingbookstocommunitiesthatneed___45.___most.Thevehiclewasrebuiltnotonlytospreadthejoyofreading,butalsotoimprovepeople’slife.Comicbookswereleftontrains,busesandundergroundsystemsinthecitiesaroundtheUK___46.___（early）thismonthtomark80yearsofMarvelComics.CarriagesonthetwosubwaytrainsinBeijingwereturnedintoaudiobooklibraries,wherepassengerswereabletodownloadbooks.Togivethetrainalibraryfeel,thewallsaredecoratedwithbooks,___47.___coverslooklikebookshelves.PeopleintheNetherlandsgettotravelontrainsforfreeduringthecountry’sannualbookweekcelebrations.Passengerscanpresentanovel___48.___arailticket.IntheGreekcityofThessaloniki,thetransportministryinstalledminilibrariesatbusstops___49.___（allow）passengerstoreadastheywaitforthebus,orborrowandreadontheirjourneytobereturnedatalaterdate.PassengersonNewYork’ssubway 50. downloadfreeshortstories,poems,essaysandsoontotheirdevices.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节短文改错（满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Igrewupinasmalltowntheretheelementaryschoolwasaten-minutewalkfrommyhouseandinanagewhenchildrencouldgohomeforlunchandfoundtheirmotherswaiting.Itookforgrantedthatmotherswerethesandwich-makersorthehomeworkmonitors.Ineverquestionedifthisintelligentwoman,whohadhadajobbeforeIwasborn,wouldeventuallyreturnagaintowork.Ionlyknewthatwhenthenoonbellrings,Iwouldracebreathlesshome.Mymotherwouldbestandingatthetopofthestair,smilingatmeinalookthatsuggestedIwastheonlyimportantthingshehadonhermind.Forthis,Iamforevergrateful.第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。OncetherewasalittlegirlnamedEmily.Althoughhersingingwasverypleasanttohear,lackingofcourage,sheneverdaredtosinginfrontofstrangers.Onesummer,theneighborhoodwhereshelivedwouldholdasingingcompetition.Herbestfriend,Lucy,cametoinvitehertoparticipateinthecompetition,butEmily