2021届广州执信中学高三英语模拟试题及参考答案

2021届广州执信中学高三英语模拟试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATherearedifferenttypesofmoney-savingapps,suchasJDFinance,Yu’EBao,AntFinancial,andallofthemworkindifferentways.Hereare3ofthebestappsthatcanhelpyousavemuchmoney.CapitalOneShoppingCapitalOneShoppingcancomparepricesautomaticallyasyoushoponline.Asyouadditemstoyourcartatanonlineseller,thisappwillsearchthewebforbetterdealsandcouponcodes（优惠码）.Youcanfollowthelinkstoothersellersofferingabetterpriceandusetheavailablecodestosave.Youcanevenusethisappwhileshoppingatphysicalshops.ParibusThere’snothingmoreupsettingthanbuyingsomethingandthenseeingitforsaleatalowerpriceafewdayslater.Wouldn’titbenicetogetthatmoneyback?Nowyoucan.Paribushelpsyougetmoneybackbytrackingyourpurchasesfrommajorstoresanddiscussingrefunds.Italsohelpsyougetcompensated（补偿）forlatedeliveriesandmakessureyoudon’tleaveittoolatetoreturnanythingyoubought.DigitIfyoucan’tfigureouthowmuchyoucanaffordtosave,Digitwillanalyzeyourspendinghabitsandspareacertainamounttoyoursavings.Iftheappknowsyouhavesparemoneytosave,thenitwillbemovedautomatically,andifyoudon’t,itwillstop,sothere’snoriskofbeingleftwithnocashforthebasics.Youcansignupforafreetrialforamonth,andafterthat,themonthlyservicechargeis$5.Ifyouwantyourmoneyback,whatappwillyouchoose?A.Digit. B.Paribus. C.Yu’EBao. D.CapitalOneShopping.WhatcanyoudobyusingDigit?Offerthemostfavorableprice.Trackdetailedinformationofgoods.Analyzespendinghabitstosavemoney.Comparepricesofproductswhileshopping.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?Tointroduceusefulappsforsavingmoney.Toadvertisevariousproductsonline.Toimprovethepowerofspending.Tohelptomanagesparemoney.BThisyearresearchersexpecttheworldtosnap1.35trillionphotographs,orabout3.7billionperday.Allthosepixels（像素）takeupalotofroomiftheyarestoredonpersonalcomputersorsphones,whichisonereasonwhymanypeoplestoretheirimagesinthecloud.Butunlikeahardondrivewhichcanbeencryptedtoprotectitsdata,cloudstorageusershavetotrustthatatechplatformwillkeeptheirprivatepicturessafe.NowateamofColumbiaUniversitycomputerscientistshasdevelopedatooltoencrypt（加密）imagesstoredonmanypopularcloudserviceswhileallowingauthorizeduserstobrowseanddisplaytheirphotographsasusual.Malicious（恶意的）attemptstoaccessorleakcloud-basedphotographscanexposepersonalinformation.InNovember2019,forexample,abuginthepopularphotographstorageappGooglePhotosmistakenlysharedsomeusers'privatevideoswithstrangers.Securityexpertsalsoworryaboutemployeesatcloudstoragecompaniesonpurposeaccessingusers'images.SotheColumbiaresearcherscameupwithasystemcalledEasySecurePhotos（ESP）,whichtheypresentedatarecentconference.“Wewantedtoseeifwecouldmakeitpossibletoencryptdatawhileusingexistingservices,”sayscomputerscientistJasonNieh,oneofthedevelopersofESP.“EveryonewantstostaywithGooglePhotosandnothavetoregisteronanewencrypted-imagecloudstorageservice.”Toovercomethisproblem,theycreatedatoolthatpreservesblocksofpixelsbutmovesthemaroundtoeffectivelyhidethephotograph.First,ESP'salgorithm（算法）dividesaphotographintothreeseparatefiles,eachonecontainingtheimage'sred,greenorbluecolor1data.Thenthesystemhidesthepixelblocksaroundamongthesethreefiles（allowingablockfromtheredfile,forinstance,tohideoutinthegreenorblueones）.Buttheprogramdoesnothingwithinthepixelblocks,wherealltheimageprocessinghappens.Asaresult,thefilesremainunchangedimagesbutenduplookinglikegrainyblack-and-whiteonestoanyonewhoaccessesthemwithoutthedecryption（解密）key.What'sprobablythemainpurposeforpeopletostoreimagesinthecloud?A.Tosavestorageroom. B.Tomakephotosbeautiful.C.Totryanewstorageway. D.Tokeeptheirprivacysafe.Whymightemployeesincloudstoragecompaniesbedistrustedbyexperts?A.Theysellusers'passwords.Theyhaveinventednewtools.Theyoftenletoutpersonalinformation.Theymaystealaglanceatusers'images.What'stheadvantageofESP?Itcanprovideclearimages.Itcandecreasetheuploadtime.Itcanclassifyimagesautomatically.Itcanencryptdataontheoriginalplatform.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Methodofdecryption. B.Image-processingtechnique.C.Separatefilesofimages. D.Dataanalysisofcolor1s.CWolveshaveacertainundeservedreputation:fierce,dangerous,goodforhuntingdowndeerandfarmers’livestock.However,wolveshaveasofter,moresocialside,onethathasbeenembracedbyaheart-warmingnewinitiative.InabidtosavesomeofEurope’slastwolves,scientistshaveexploredthewillingnessofthesesupposedlyfiercecreaturestohelpothersoftheirkind.Femalewolves,thescientistshavediscovered,makeexcellentfosterparentstowolfcubsthatarenottheirown.Thestudy,publishedinZooBiology,suggeststhatcaptive-bredwolfcubs（幼兽）couldbeplacedwithwildwolffamilies,boostingthewildpopulation.Thegraywolfwasoncetheworld’smostwidelydistributedmammal,butitbecameextinctasaresultofwidespreadhabitatdestructionandthedeliberatekillingofwolvessuspectedofpreyingonlivestock.Fearandhatredofthewolfhavesincebecomeculturallyrooted,fuelledbymyths,fablesandstories.InScandinavia,thegraywolfisendangered,theremainingpopulationfoundbyjustfiveanimals.Asaresult,Europeanwolvesareseverelyinbredandhavelittlegeneticvariability（变异性），makingthemvulnerabletothreats,suchasoutbreaksofdiseasethattheycan’tadapttoquickly.SoIngerScharisandMatsAmundinofLinkopingUniversity,inSweden,startedEurope’sfirstgraywolf-fosteringprogram.TheyworkedwithwolveskeptatsevenzoosacrossScandinavia.Eightwolfcubsbetweenfourandsixdaysoldwereremovedfromtheirnaturalparentsandplacedwithotherwolfpacksinotherzoos.Thefostermothersacceptedthenewcubsplacedintheirmidst.Thewelfareofthefostercubsandthewolves’naturalbehaviorweremonitoredusingasystemofsurveillancecameras.Thefostercubshadasimilargrowthrateastheirstepsiblingsintherecipientlitter,aswellastheirbiologicalsiblingsinthesourcelitter.Thefostercubshadabetteroverallsurvivalrate,with73%survivinguntil33weeks,thantheirbiologicalsiblingsleftbehind,ofwhich63%survived.Thatrateofsurvivalissimilartothatseeninwildwolfcubs.Scientistsbelievethatwolvescanrecognizetheiryoung,butthisstudysuggeststheycanonlydosooncecubsaresomewherebetweenthreetosevenweeksofage.Ifcaptive-bredcubscanbeplacedwithwild-livingfamilies,whichalreadyhavecubsofasimilarage,notonlywilltheyhaveagoodchanceofsurvival,buttheycouldhelpdramaticallyincreasethediversityofthewildpopulation,saytheresearchers.Justlikethewildwolvestheywouldjoin,thesefostercubswouldneedprotectionfromhunting.Theirarrivalcouldhelppreservethefutureofoneofnature’smosticonicandpolarizinganimals.What’sthethemeofthepassage?A.Givingwolfcubsanewlife B.FosterwolfparentsandfostercubsC.Thefateofwildwolves D.ChangingdiversityofwildwolvesWhichofthefollowingflowchartbestdemonstratestherelationshipbetweenthewolves?10.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?Femalewolvesarewillingtoraisewolfcubsof3to7weeksold.Fostercubsareacceptedbyfosterparentsandarewellbred.Man’shostileattitudetowardswolvesrootsinmyths,fablesandstories.Fostercubsandtheirbiologicalsiblingshavesimilargrowthrateandsurvivalrate.What’sthepurposeoftheresearch?TohelpwolvessurvivevariousthreatsToimprovewolves’habitatandstopdeliberatekillingTosaveendangeredwolvesbyincreasingtheirpopulationToraiseman’sawarenessofprotectingwolvesDWatchingwhatyoueatcanbeeasiersaidthandone,butarecentstudyshowsitmightnotjustbeaboutwhat'sonyourplate—itcouldbeabouthowquicklyitdisappears.Japaneseresearchersfollowed1,083adultsforfiveyears,splittingthemintothreecategoriesbasedonhowquicklytheyate:slow,normal,andfast.Theyalsoansweredaquestionnaireatthebeginningofthestudy,sharingtheirdiet,physicalactivity,andmedicalhistory.Inthebeginning,noneofthevolunteershadmetabolicsyndrome（新陈代谢综合征）-meaningatleastthreeriskfactors—whichcanleadtohealthproblemslikeheartconditionsanddiabetes.Whentheparticipantsreportedbackfiveyearslater84hadbeendiagnosed（诊断）withmetabolicsyndrome—andtheireatingspeedwasamajorpredictor,accordingtotheresultsinthejournalCirculation.Thefasteaterswere89percentmorelikelytohavemetabolicsyndromethanslowandnormaleaters.Just2.3percentofsloweatersreceivedthediagnosis,comparedto11.6percentoffasteaters.Butthat'snotall.Fasteatersalsosawmoreweightgain,largerwaistlines,andhigherbloodsugarlevelsthansloweaters.Theresearcherssaygobblingmakesiteasiernottotakenoticeoffullnessbeforeyourbodyhasachancetosignalyoutostop.“Sowhenpeopleeatfasttheyaremorelikelytoovereat,”saidTakayukiYamaji,MD,studyauthorandcardiologistatHiroshimaUniversityinJapaninastatement.Previousresearchbacksuptheweightbenefitsofsloweating,too.OnestudyofNewZealandwomenfoundfasteatershavehigherbody-massindexes（指数）,andaChinesestudyfoundthatbothhealthyandfatmenatelesswhentoldtochew40timesinsteadof15timesbeforeswallowing.Initialresearchevensuggestschewingyourfoodlongercouldbummorecalories-uptoabout1,000extraeverymonth.Whataretheparticipantsdividedby?A.Medicalhistory. B.Healthcondition.C.Physicalactivity. D.Eatingspeed.Whichmaybetheresultofthestudy?Fasteatersare4timesmorelikelytohavemetabolicsyndrome.Normalandsloweatersdon’thavemetabolicillness.89%offasteatershavehigherbloodpressure.Slowcatersarehealthierthanfasteaters.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gobbling”inParagraph4bestmean?A.Tastingslowly. B.Digestingquickly.C.Eatinggreedily. D.Cookingcarefully.Whatdoesthelastparagraphtellus?A.Theimportanceofeatingspeed. B.Theadvantageofeatingslowly.C.TheresultofaChinesestudy. D.Fasteatingandovereating.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Thereareseveralfactorsthatmaydeterminewhyacountrychoosesaparticularpassportcolour.___16___Somecountriesattempttofitinwithnationsorpoliticalgroupsthey’dliketojoin.Governmentscanchoosetheoveralldesignandcolourfortheirpassportsfromoneofthefourbasiccolor1s:red,blue,green,orblack.RedPassportsRed,themostcommonpassportcolour,notonlyhasreligiousmeanings,butalsomaypointtoacountry’shistoryorpolitics.___17___BluePassports___18___Traditionally,thecolourblueismeanttorepresentthe“NewWorld”nationsinNorthandSouthAmerica,andOceania.TheU.S.passporthasbeenbluesince1976.GreenpassportsGreenisthemostcommoncolourofchoiceforArabcountries.___19___ThecitizensofseveralWestAfricancountriesalsohavetraveldocumentsthataredifferentshadesofgreen,whichmeanstheybelongtotheEconomicCommunityofWestAfricanStates.BlackPassportsBlackpassportsarenotascommonasbrightercolor1s,thoughdarkshadestendtomakeadocumentlookmoreofficial.___20___NewZealand’spassportisblacksinceit’sthecountry’snationalcolour.Inall,thereasonswhypassportsaredifferentcolor1softenhaveimportantanddeepmeaningstoeachgovernment.Whatdothedifferentpassportcolor1smean?Thesecondmostcommonpassportcolourisblue.Peopletendtodislikeblackbecauseitisnotbeautiful.Thesefactorsincludereligious,geographical,historicalorculturalconcerns.Consideredasasignofnatureandlife,itisimportantforArabianreligions.Only10countrieshaveblackpassports,allunconnectedwithgeographyorreligion.NorthernEuropeancountriesgenerallyholdredpassports.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项fedalargegroupofstraycats（流浪猫）.Ilovedthemall,butIdidhavea 21 ,Butterball.Often,Butterballwouldjumpinmy 22 whenIarrivedhome.IwishedthatIcouldbringhiminside,butitwasnot 23 intheplacewhereIlived.Mostly 24 ,noneofthestraycatswantedtobetouched.Theywouldeatinahurryandleave,butnotButterball.Hewould 25 thereforheadscratches（抓挠）.Inoticedthathewasalwaysinthe 26 ofaspottedcat,Callie.Thoughnotas 27 ,shewastouchable.Oneday,Iboughtmyown 28 .Thecats, 29 Butterball,watchedanxiouslyasIstartedmovingmythings.ButterballseemedtoknowIwasleavingandtriedtogetinextra 30 .ItoldhimthatIwouldcomebackforhimbutheturnedawayasifhedidn’t 31 me.Thenextday,Ireturnedtotakehimtomynewhome.He 32 overandjumpedintomycarasusual.ButwhenItriedtoclosethedoor,hejumpedoutandwalkedofftowardthe 33 .Ifollowed, 34 tocatchhim.Whenhereachedthebushes,Calliecameoutto 35 himandtheybothlookedatme.I 36 thatButterballwasnotgoinganywherewithoutCallie.Gently,I 37 theCallie.Butterball 38 me.I 39 picturesofmycatsonline.IwassurprisedwhenIreada 40 frommyformerneighbor,“Iamsogladthatyoutookinthebigcatandhismama,too.”21.A.reasonB.favoriteC.purposeD.concern22.A.homeB.roomC.yardD.car23.A.forbiddenB.requiredC.toleratedD.allowed24.A.silentB.softC.wildD.eager25.A.lookedB.waitC.ranD.danced26.A.companyB.faceC.nameD.form27.A.friendlyB.deadlyC.brotherlyD.lovely28.A.officeB.shelterC.restaurantD.house29.A.actuallyB.especiallyC.generallyD.probably30.A.trustB.comfortC.foodD.sympathy31.A.ignoreB.rememberC.believeD.recognize32.A.flewB.tookC.wanderedD.handed33.A.treesB.buildingsC.bushesD.caves34.A.scaredB.determinedC.excitedD.prepared35.A.joinB.biteC.protectD.support36.A.realizedB.admittedC.insistedD.predicted37.A.pickedupB.droveaway C.turneddown D.heldback38.A.persuadedB.guidedC.followedD.attacked39.A.tookB.collectedC.soldD.posted40.A.storyB.suggestionC.warningD.comment第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Todayafterwork,asIwasdrivinghome,Irealizedmybrakewasn'tworking.Istartedtopanicandmanagedtopullover,___41.___(luck)withoutcrashingintoanythingoranyone.AsIwasstrugglingtofigureoutwhattodo,___42.___middle-agedblackmanknockedonmycarwindowandaskedme___43.___Ineededhelp.Irolleddownthewindowandexplainedtohimwhathadhappened.After___44.___(check)mycar,hesaiditcouldbethatIranoutofthebrakeliquidbecausethathadhappened___45.___hisdaughter'scar.Ithankedhimforhishelp.Thismanlatercamebackwithabottleofbrakeliquid.Notonlydidhegoandbuyitwithhisownmoney,healso46.(help)meopenupthehood(弓I擎盖)andputtheliquidin.Thenhekneltdownonthewetgroundtoinspectthebrakesealintherain.Iofferedtopayf