职称英语理工类a级模拟4

职称英语理工类A级模拟4

第1部分：词汇选项

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面

所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

1>Thedentisthasdecidedtoextractherbadtooth.

A.takeoutB.breakoff

C.pushinD.digup

2、TheeconomycontinuedtoexhibitsignsofdeclineinSeptember.

A.playB.show

C.sendD.tell

3、Thistableisstronganddurable.

A.long-lastingB.extensive

C.far-reachingD.eternal

4、Heenduredgreatpainbeforehefinallyexpired.

A.firedB.resigned

C.diedD.retreated

5、Thegirlisgazingatherselfinthemirror.

A.smilingB.laughing

C.shoutingD.staring

6、Theindexisthegovernment*schiefgauaeoffutureeconomicactivity.

A.measureB.opinion

C.methodD.decision

7、It1ssensibletostartanyexerciseprogramgraduallyatfirst.

A.workableB.reasonable

C.possibleD.available

8、Alotofpeoplecouldfalliiiafterdrinkingcontaminatedwater.

A.boiledB.polluted

C.mixedD.sweetened

9、Youhavetobepatientifyouwanttosustainyourposition,

A.maintainB.better

C.acquireD.support

10>Shestoodthere,tremblingwithfear.

A.jumpingB.crying

C.movingD.shaking

11>Medicalfacilitiesarebeingupgraded.

A.expandedB.repaired

C.improvedD.transferred

12>Rockclimbingishazardous,

A.interestingB,dangerous

C.attractiveD.useful

13、Johniseligibleforthisjob.

A.acceptedB.qualified

C.rejected,D,recommended

14、Inordertoimproveourstandardofliving,wehavetoaccelerateproduction.

A.involveB.decrease

C.speedupD.giveup

15>Marylookedpaleandweary.

A.worriedB.ugly

C.sillyD.exhausted

第2部分：阅读判断

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

MotherNatureShowsHerStrength

Tornadoes（龙卷风）andheavythunderstormsmovedacrosstheGreatLakes

andintoTrumbullCountyonSaturdayevening.Thestormsweredramaticand

dangerous.

GeorgeSnyderwasdrivingthefiretruckdownRoute88whenhefirstnoticed

thatafunnel（漏半状的）cloudwasbehindhim.HIstoppedthetruckandwatched

thefunnelcloud.Itwasabout100feetoffthegroundandIsawitgoup

anddownforawhile.ItwasmovingtowardBradleyRoadandthensuddenly

itdisappeared,nSnydersaid.

Snyderonlysawoneofthefunnelcloudsthatpassedthroughnortheastern

OhioonSaturday.InTrumbullCounty,atornadoturnedtreesontotheirsides.

Sometreesfellontohousesandcars.Othertreesfellintotelephoneand

electricalwiresastheywentdown.

AmandaSymcheckwashavingapartywhenthestormbegan.”工knewsomething

waswrong,'*shesaid.nIsawtheskygogreenandpink（粉红色）.Thenitsounded

likeatrainrushingtowardthehouse.Istartedcryingandtoldeveryone

togotothebasementforprotection.H

Thetornadocausedalotofdamagetocarsandhousesinthearea.Itwill

takealongtimeandmuchmoneytorepaireverything.Therewasalsoserious

waterdamagefromthethunderstorms.Theheavyrainsandhighwindcaused

thepowertogooutinmanyhomes.

Thestormscausedseriousfloodinginareasneartheriver.Morethanfour

inchesofrainfellinpartsofTrumbullCounty.Theriverwassohighthat

thewaterranintostreetsandhouses.Manystreetshadtobeclosedtocars

andtrucksbecauseof-thehighwater.Thismadeitdifficultforfiretrucks,

policecarszandotherrescuevehiclestohelppeoplewhowereintrouble.

Manypeoplewholiveneartheriverhadtoleavetheirhomesfortheir

ownsafety.Somepeoplereportedfivefeetofwaterintheirhomes.Local

andstateofficialsopenedemergencysheltersforthepeoplewhowereevacuated

（撤走）.TheRedCrossservedmealstothem.

"Thiswasareallyintensestorm,nsaidSnyder,"Peoplewereafraid.Mother

Naturecanbefierce.Wewereluckythistime.Noonewaskilled."

16、TheweatherwasniceinTrumbullCountyonSaturdayevening.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>GeorgeSnyderwasafirefighter.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>AmandaSymcheckwashavingapartyinthebasementwhenthestormbegan.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19、Powersupplysystemwasnotdamagedduringthestorm.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、TherehadnotbeensuchaseverestorminTrumbull,Countyforahundred

years.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、Rescuevehicleshadahardtimegettingtopeople.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Severalpeopleweremissingduringthestorm.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中

为第1〜4段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4

个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

EarthAngels

1.JoyingBresciawas8yearsoldwhenshenoticedthatcigarettebutts

（烟头）werelitteringherhometownbeachinIsleofPalmszSouthCarolina.

Whenshelearnedthatittakesfiveyearsfortheremainsofacigaretteto

disintegrate,shedecidedtotakeaction.Joyinglauncheda"NoButtsonthe

Beach11campaign.Sheraisedmoneyandawarenessabouttheneedtokeepthe

beachesclean.Withthehelpofothers,Joyingalsoboughtorreceiveddonations

ofgallon-sizeplasticice,creambuckets.Thebucketswerefilledwithsand,

andplacedatallpublic-accessareasofthebeach.Thebucketsallowedpeople

todisposeoftheircigarettesbeforehittingthebeach.Twoyearslater,

Joyingsaysthebucketsarefullandthebeachisnearlyfreeofcigarette

debris（残片'）.

2.PeoplewholiveinorvisitSteamboatSprings,Colorado,haveCarter

Dunhamtothankforanewstatewildliferefugethatpreserves20acresof

marshlandandmanyspeciesofwildlife.Carterandotherstudentswrotea

managementplanfortheareaaroundtheYampaRiver.Theplanwaspartof

aclassprojectwhenCarterwasafreshmanatSteamboatSpringsHighSchool.

WorkingwiththeColoradoDivisionofWildlifezCarterandhisclassmates

mappedtheareaandspeciesofanimalslivingthere.Theyalsomadedecisions

about,amongotherthings,wherefencesandparkingareasshouldbebuilt.

3.BarbaraBrownandherfriendscollectoil.Itstartedasaprojectfor

their4HClubafteroneofthegirlsnoticedherfatherusingmotoroilto

killweedsontheirfarminVictoria,Texas.Theydidsomeresearchanddiscovered

thatoilcancontaminategroundwater—arealdangerinruralareaszwhere

peopleliveoffthewaterontheirland.Thegirlsresearchedwaystorecycle

oilandworkedwithalocaloil-recyclingcompanyontheissue.Now,the"Don11

BeCrude"programrunsoil-collectionsites—tanksthatholdupto460

gallons—wherepeopleinthecommunitycandisposeoftheiroil.

4.Fiveyearsago,11-year-oldRyanHreljacwasalittleboywithabig

dream：forallthepeopleinAfricatohavecleandrinkingwater.Hisdream

beganinthefirstgradewhenhelearnedthatpeopleweredyingbecausethey

didn11havecleanwater,andthataslittleas$70couldbuildawell."We

reallytakewaterforgranted,nsaysRyan,ofKemptvilie,Ontario,inCanada.

HInothercountries,youhavetoplanforit."Ryanearnedthefirst$70by

doingextrachores（零工）,butwiththehelpofothers,hehassinceraised

hundredsofthousandsofdollars.HiseffortsledtothestartoftheRyan*s

WellFoundation,whichraisesmoneyforcleanwaterandhealth-relatedservices

for.peopleinAfricancountriesanddevelopingcountries.

AProvideCleanWater

BDigOilWells

CSaveCleanWater

DDon11Litter

EDon11BeCrude

FProtectWildlife

23、Paragraph1

24、Paragraph2

25、Paragraph3

26、Paragraph4

27、Amakenewmaterials

Bpreservewetlandandanimals

Chavecleanair

Dhavecleanwater

Ecollectcigarettebutts

Fcollectdisposedoil

Joyingplacedthebucketsatallpublic-accessareasto.

28、PeoplearegratefultoCarterDunhamforhiseffortsto.

29、Disposedoilandmanyotheritemscanbereusedto.

30、Ryan,withthehelpofothers,isfulfillinghisdreamofhelpAfrican

peopleto.

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容,

从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

笛——笛

TechnologyTransferinGermany

Whenitcomestotranslatingbasicresearchintoindustrialsuccesszfew

1

nationscanmatchGermany.Sincethe1940szthenationsvastindustrialbase

hasbeenfedwithaconstantstreamofnewideasandexpertisefromscience.

AndthoughGermanprosperity（繁荣）hasfaltered（衰退）overthepastdecade

becauseofthehugecostofunifyingeastandwestaswellastheglobaleconomic

declinezitstillhasanenviable（令人羡慕的）recordforturningideasinto

profit.

MuchofthereasonforthatsuccessistheFraunhoferSociety,anetwork

ofresearchinstitutesthatexistssolelytosolveindustrialproblemsand

createsought-aftertechnologies.ButtodaytheFraunhoferinstituteshave

competition.Universitiesaretakinganeverlargerroleintechnologytransfer,

andtechnologyparksarespringingupallover.Theseeffortsarebeing

complementedbythefederalprogrammesforpumpingmoneyintostart-up

companies.

Suchastrategymaysoundlikearecipeforeconomicsuccess,butitis

notwithoutitscritics.Thesepeopleworrythatfavouringappliedresearch

willmeanneglectingbasicsciencezeventuallystarvingindustryoffresh

ideas.Ifeveryscientiststartsthinkinglikeanentrepreneur（企业家）/the

argumentgoeszthenthetraditionalprinciplesofuniversityresearchbeing

curiosity-driven,freeandwidelyavailablewillsuffer.Othersclaimthat

manyoftheprogrammestopromotetechnologytransferareawasteofmoney

becausehalfthesmallbusinessesthatarepromotedareboundtogobankrupt

withinafewyears.

Whilethisdebatecontinues,newideasflowatasteadyratefromGermany*s

researchnetworks,whichbearfamousnamessuchasHelmholtzzMaxPlanckand

Leibniz.Yetitisthefourthnetwork,theFraunhoferSociety,thatplays

thegreatestroleintechnologytransfer.

Foundedin1949ztheFraunhoferSocietyisnowEurope*slargestorganisation

forappliedtechnology,andhas59institutesemploying12z000people.It

continuestogrow.Lastyear,itswalloweduptheHeinrichHertzInstitute

forCommunicationTechnologyinBerlin.Today,thereareevenFraunhofers

intheUSandAsia.

31>WhatfactorcanbeattributedtoGermanprosperity?

A.Technologytransfer.

B.Goodmanagement.

C.Hardwork.

D.Fiercecompetition.

32、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueoftraditionaluniversityresearch?

A.Itisfree.

B.Itisprofit-driven.

C.Itiswidelyavailable.

D.Itiscuriosity-driven.

33、TheFraunhoferSocietyisthelargestorganisationforappliedtechnology

in

A.Asia.

B.USA.

C・Europe.

D.Africa.

34、WhenwastheFraunhoferSocietyfounded?

A.Ini940.

B.Lastyear.

C.Aftertheunification.

D.In1949.

35>Thewordnexpertise"inline3couldbebestreplacedby

A."experts".

B."scientists,,.

C."scholars".

D."specialknowledge".

弟一^扁

SuperconductingCeramic（陶瓷）

Anundergroundrevolutionbeginsthiswinter.Withtheflip（轻击）ofa

switch,30,00.0homesinonepartofDetroitwillsoonbecomethefirstin

thecountrytoreceiveelectricitytransmittedbyice-coldhigh-performance

cables.OtherAmericancitiesareexpectedtofollowDetroit1sexamplein

theyearsahead,whichcouldconserveenormousamountsofpower.

ThenewelectricalcablesattheFrisbiepowerstationinDetroitare

revolutionarybecausetheyaremadeofsuperconductors.Asuperconductoris

amaterialthattransmitselectricitywithlittleornoresistance.Resistance

isthedegreetowhichasubstanceresistselectriccurrent.Ailcommon

electricalconductorshaveacertainamountofelectricalresistance.They

convertatleastsomeoftheelectricalenergypassingthroughthemintowaste

heat.Superconductorsdon11.Nooneunderstandshowsuperconductivityworks.

Itjustdoes.

Makingsuperconductorsisn1teasy.Asuperconductingmaterialhastobe

cooledtoanextremelylowtemperaturetoloseitsresistance.Thefirst

superconductorszmademorethan50yearsago,hadtobecooledto-263degrees

Celsiusbeforetheylosttheirresistance.Newersuperconductingmaterials

losetheirresistanceat-143degreesCelsius.

ThesuperconductorscableinstalledattheFrisbiestationismadeofa

ceramicmaterialthatcontainscopper,oxygen,bismuth（祕）,strontium（锄,

andcalcium（钙）.Aceramicisahard,strongcompoundmadefromclayorminerals.

Thesuperconductingceramichasbeenfashionedintoatapethatiswrapped

lengthwisearoundalongtubefilledwithliquidnitrogen.Liquidnitrogen

issupercoldandlowersthetemperatureoftheceramictapetothepointwhere

itconveyselectricitywithzeroresistance.

TheUnitedStateslosesanenormousamountofelectricityeachyearto

resistance.Becausecooledsuperconductorshavenoresistance,theywaste

muchlesspower.OthercitiesarewatchingtheFrisbieexperimentinthehope

thattheymightswitchtosuperconductingcableandconservepower,too.

36、Whatisthebenefitoftherevolutionmentionedinthefirstparagraph?

A.Withaflipofswitch,electricitycanbetransmitted.

B.OtherAmericancitiescanbenefitfromthehigh-performancecables.

C.Greatamountsofpowercanbeconserved.

D.Detroitwillfirstreceiveelectricitytransmittedbythenewelectrical

cables.

37、Comparedtocommonelectricalconductors,superconductors

A.havelittleornoelectricalresistance.

B.canbeusedforalongtime.

C.arenotenergy-efficient.

D.canbemadeeasily.

38、Atwhattemperaturedoesthesuperconductingceramicloseitsresistance?

A.-143degreeCelsius,

B.-263degreeCelsius.

C.Aslongasitisice-cold.

D.Absolutezero.

39、Whatelementenablestheceramictapetoloweritstemperature?

A.Copper.

B.Liquidnitrogen.

C.Clay.

D.Calcium.

40、Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOT

true?

A.Othercitieshopetheycanalsoconservepower.

B.Othercitieshopetheycanusesuperconductingcablessoon.

C.Superconductorswastelesspowerbecauseoftheirlowresistance.

D.TheFrisbieexperimentisnotsuccessful.

-^植

TheScienceoftheFuture

Untilrecently,the*scienceofthefuture'wassupposedtobeelectronics

andartificialintelligence.Todayitseemsmoreandmorelikelythatthe

nextgreatbreakthroughsintechnologywillbebroughtthroughacombination

ofthosetwoscienceswithorganicchemistryandgeneticengineering.This

combinationisthescienceofbiotechnology.

Organicchemistryenablesustoproducemarveloussynthetic（合成的）

materials.However,itisstilldifficulttomanufactureanythingthathas

thecapacityofwooltoconserveheatandalsotoabsorbmoisture.Nothing

thatwehavebeenabletoproducesofarcomesanywherenearthecombination

ofstrength,lightnessandflexibilitythatwefindinthebodiesofordinary-

insects.

Nevertheless,scientistsinthelaboratoryhavealreadysucceededin

1growing1amaterialthathasmanyofthecharacteristicsofhumanskin.The

nextstepmaywellbe1biotechheartsandeyes1whichcanreplacediseased

organsinhumanbeings.Thesewillnotberejectedbythebody,asisthe

casewithorgansfromhumans.

Theapplicationofbiotechnologytoenergyproductionseemsevenmore

promising.In1996thefamousscience-fictionwriter,ArthurC.Clarke,many

ofwhosepreviouspredictionshavecometrue,saidthatwemaysoonbeable

todevelopremarkablycheapandrenewablesourcesofenergy.Someofthese

powersourceswillbebiological.ClarkeandothershaveWarnedusrepeatedly

thatsoonerorlaterwewillhavetogiveupourdependenceonnon-renewab1e

powersources.Coal,oilandgasareindeedconvenient.However,usingthem

alsomeanscreatingdangerouslyhighlevelsofpollution.Itwillbeimpossible

tomeetthegrowingdemandforenergywithoutincreasingthatpollutionto

catastrophic（灾难性的）levelsunlesswedeveloppowersourcesthatareboth

cheaperandcleaner.

Itisattemptingtothinkthatbiotechnologyorsomeother1scienceof

thefuture1cansolveourproblems.Beforewesurrendertothattemptation

weshouldremembernuclearpower.Onlyafewgenerationsagoitseemedto

promiselimitless,cheapandsafeenergy.Todaythosepromiseslieburied

inaconcretegraveinaplacecalledChernobylzintheUkraine.Biotechnology

isunlikely,however,tobreakitspromisesinquitethesameorsuchadangerous

way.

41、Accordingtothepassage,thescienceofthefutureislikelytobe

A.electronics.

B.biotechnology.

C.geneticengineering.

D.nucleartechnology.

42、Organicchemistryhelpstoproducematerialsthatare

A.asgoodaswool.

B.asgoodasaninsect1sbody.

C.notasgoodasnaturalmaterials.

D.betterthannaturalmaterials.

43、Accordingtothepassagezitmaysoonbepossible

A.tomakesomethingasgoodashumanskin.

B.toproducedrugswithoutsideeffects.

C.totransplanthumanorgans.

D.tomakeartificialheartsandeyes.

44、In1996,ArthurC.Clarkepredictedthat

A.biologicalpowersourceswouldbeputintousesoon.

B.oil,gasandcoalcouldberepeatedlyusedinthefuture.

C.dependenceonnon-renewab1epowersourceswouldbereducedsoon,

D.theChernobyldisasterwouldhappenintwoyears.

45、Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Biotechnologycansolveallourfutureenergyproblems.

B.Biologicalpowerischeaperthannuclearpower.

C.Biologicalpowermaynotbeasdangerousasnuclearpower,

D.Biologicalpowerwillkeepallitspromises.

第5部分：补全短文

阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择

5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

WhyWouldTheyFalselyConfess?

Whyonearthwouldaninnocentpersonfalselyconfesstocommittingacrime?

Tomostpeople,itjustdoesn*tseemlogical.Butitislogical,sayexperts,

ifyouunderstandwhatcanhappeninapoliceinterrogation（审讯）room.

Undertherightconditions,people1smindsaresusceptible（易受影响的）

toinfluence,andthepressureputonsuspectsduringpolicequestioningis

enormous.4611Thepressureisimportanttounderstand,becauseotherwiseit*s

impossibletounderstandwhysomeonewouldsayhedidsomethinghedidn1t

do・Theansweris：toputanendtoanuncomfortablesituationthatwillcontinue

untilhedoesconfess.n

DevelopmentalpsychologistMaryRedlichrecentlyconductedalaboratory

studytodeterminehowlikelypeoplearetoconfesstothingstheydidn*t

do.47Theresearchersthenintentionallycrashedthecomputersandaccused

theparticipantsofhittingthe"alt'*keyto