初中英语被动语态讲解及练习

PassiveVoice

被动语态

2021/5/91英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,

2.或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。被动语态结构：be+

过去分词(PP)+(by…)2021/5/92表格：被动态基本结构时态被动语态结构一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时am/is/arebeingdone现在完成时am/is/aredonewas/weredone(shall/will/begoingto)bedonehave/hasbeen

done2021/5/93情态动词的被动语态情态动词+be+donemustbedone/mustn’tbedoneshouldbedone/shouldn’tbedonecanbedone/can’tbedonemaybedone/mightbedone2021/5/94各种时态的被动语态构成

1）一般现在时：Youareinvitedtodothis.2）一般过去时：Thestorywastoldbyher.3）一般将来时：Theproblemwillbediscussedtomorrow.看一看想一想2021/5/954)情态动词：Therubbishcanbeputintothedustbinoverthere.2021/5/96在改写中应注意：1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;2.把动词变成“be+过去分词”;3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。ManypeoplespeakChinese.Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.2021/5/97Heplantstreesinspring.

主谓宾(受动者)Treesareplantedbyhim改为被动语态inspring.2021/5/98Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主谓宾(受动者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTomtomorrow.2021/5/99Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.主谓宾(受动者)Bowlsarewashedbyhisbrother

everyday.2021/5/9101.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.EXERCISESareusedarecleaned(变被动语态）2021/5/9113.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.Theticketwasfoundwastold2021/5/9125.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.wasmadetohavecanbeused2021/5/91310.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.wasaskedisdone2021/5/91412.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.canbemendedmustbetaken2021/5/91514.ThestudentsstudyGermaninthisschool.German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?______thisquestionoften_______about______________?isstudiedIstalkedbythem2021/5/9161)Teenagersshould_____(allow)togooutatnight.2)Thetelephone_____(invent)byBell.3)English____(speak)inChina.4)Thecar____(make)inChina.5)Theroommust_____(clean)everyday.

beallowedwasinventedisspoken

ismadebecleaned2021/5/917Oralpractice-主动句改被动句

Oralpractice--1.Changeeachsentenceintopassivevoice:Acar

knockedhimdownyesterday.Thesetwokidsplanttreeseveryyear．3)Weshouldprotecttheearth．4)We’llputontheplaynextSunday．Hewasknockeddownbyacaryesterday．Treesareplantedbythesetwokidseveryyear.Theearthshouldbe

protectedbyus.TheplaywillbeputonbyusnextSunday.2021/5/918几种特殊结构1.Myunclegavemeagiftonmybirthday．2.Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar．Agiftwasgiventomeonmybirthday.Heisoftenheardtoplaytheguitar注意1：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listento,lookat等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。Beseentodo,bemadetodo,beheardtodo,bewatchedtodo2021/5/919Weshouldlookaftertheoldpeople.Theoldpeopleshouldbelookedafterbyus.注意2：有些不及物动词加介词构成及物动词短语，如果变被动语态，不能把动词后的介词丢掉。2021/5/920注意3：主语+连系动词+表语的句子没有被动语态。

Thefoodtastesdelicious.注意4：therebe结构没有被动语态2021/5/9211。动词(表示主语的属性特征)

+副词(well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被动义。read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,…Thebooks____well．

A.weresoldB.sellC.havesoldD.arebeingsoldThiskindofcloth____easily．

A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashedBC主动式表被动义2021/5/9227.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMustbefinished2021/5/9239.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.weweregivenweregiventous2021/5/924()1.Themonkeywasseen___