机械专业英语试题及答案

经典word整理文档，仅参考，转Word此处可删除页眉页脚。本资料属于网络整理，如有侵权，请联系删除，谢谢！课程机械工程专业英语一、选择题11.Ifallpointsinalinkagemoveinparallelplanesthesystemundergoesplanarmotionandthelinkagemaybedescribedasa.A.planarmotionB.planarlinkageC.jointsD.slide2.Thoughframematerialanddesignshouldhandledamping,aresometimesbuiltintoframesectionstohandlespecificproblems.A.beamsB.holesC.dampersD.screw3.Themaximumallowabledeflectionofashaft______determinedbycriticalspeed,gear,orbearingrequirements.A.oftenB.mustC.wasD.isusually4.Wewillhaveto_____tobetterandbettersolutionsaswegeneratemoreinformation.A.repeatmanytimesB.iteratingC.iterateD.tryways5.Ifaproductconfigurationis_______specifiedandthenexaminedtodeterminewhethertheperformancerequirementsaremet.A.finallyB.tentativelyC.temporaryD.havebeen6.Manufacturingcanbedefinedasthe_____ofrawmaterialsintousefulproductsthroughtheuseoftheeasiestandlest-expensivemethods.A.transformationB.processingC.processD.transforming7.Theplanerandkneetypesofmillingmachineis_____becauseofitsflexibility.A.usedmostcommonlyB.mostpopularC.themostcommonlyusedD.mostpowerful8.Asaresult,thesystemwillvibrateatthefrequencyofthe_____forceregardlessoftheinitialconditionsornaturalfrequencyofthesystem.A.actionB.excitationC.outD.act9.Beforetwocomponentsareassembledtogether,therelationshipbetweenthedimensionsofthematingsurfaces_______.A.mustbegivingoutB.shouldprintedclearlyC.mustbespecifiedD.shouldbeclearlynoted10.Themainpracticaladvantageoflowerpairsistheirbetterabilitytotraplubricantbetweentheir______surfaces.A.envelopingB.matingC.outerD.outside11.Theword______itselfusuallyreferstothedeteriorationofmetalsandceramics,whilesimilarphenomenainplasticsgenerallycalled______.A.recrystallization….corrosionB.recrystallization…degr1/11题号得分一二三四五六七八总分C.degradation…corrosionD.corrosion…degradation12.Mostframes_______castiron,weldsteel,composition,orconcrete.A.aremadefromB.aremadeupofC.wasproducedbyD.wasconsistof13.Rotatingshaftsparticularlythosethatrunathighspeeds,mustbedesignedtoavoidoperationatspeeds.A.low14.Althoughcastironisafairlycheapmaterial,eachcastingrequiresaA.patternB.modelC.moldD.patent15.Thetermisusedtodescribejointswithsurfacecontact,aswithapinsurroundedbyahole.A.highpairB.lowpairC.surfacepairD.rotarypairB.overloadC.criticalD.hollow.1Thetermshaftusuallyreferstoarelativelylongmemberofroundcrosssectionthatrotatesandtransmitspower.Oneormorememberssuchasgears,sprockets,pulleys,andcamsareusually(16)totheshaftbymeansofpins,keys,splines,snaprings,andotherdevices.Theselattermembersareamongthe“associatedparts”consideredinthistext,asarecouplingsanduniversaljoint,whichserveto(17)theshafttothesourceofpowerorload.Ashaftcanhaveanoroundcrosssection,antitneednotnecessarilyrotate.Itcanbestationaryandserveto(18)arotatingmember,suchastheshortshaftsthatsupportthenondrivingwheelsofanautomobile.Theshaftssupporting(19)gearscanbeeitherrotatingorstationarydependingon(20)thegearisattachedtotheshaftorsupportedbyitthroughbearings.Itisapparentthatshaftscanbesubjectedtovariouscombinationsofaxial,bending,and(21)loads,andthattheseloadsmaybestaticorfluctuating.Typically,arotatingshafttransmittingpoweris(22)toaconstanttorque(producingameantorsionalstress)togetherwithacompletelyreversedbendingload(producinganalternatingbendingstress).Inadditiontosatisfying(23)requirements,shaftsmustbedesignedsothatdeflectionsarewithinacceptablelimits.Excessive(24)shaftsdeflectioncanhampergearperformanceandcause(25)noise.Theassociatedangulardeflectioncanbeverydestructivetono-self-aligningbearings(eitherplainorrolling).(26)deflectioncanaffecttheaccuracyofacamorgeardrivenmechanism.Furthermore,thegreatertheflexibility-eitherlateralortorsional-thelowerthecorresponding(27)speed.分共5页第1页2/11Sometimesmemberslikegearsandcamsaremade(28)withshaft,butmoreoftensuchmembers(whichalsoincludepulleys,sprockets,etc)aremadeseparatelyandthen(29)shaft.Theportionofthemountedmemberincontactwiththeshaftisthehub.Attachmentofthehubtotheshaftismadeinvarietyofways.Agearcanbegripped(30)betweenashoulderontheshaftandaspacer,withtorquebeingtransmittedthroughakey.Thegroovesintheshaftandhubintowhichthekeyfitsarecalledkeyways.attached、connect、support、idler、whether、torsional装、subjected、、strengthlateral、objectionable、Torsional、critical、integral、axiallymountedonto、、三、2订Text1aa线a3/11aaa:aaaaaATEXT2a共5页第2页4/11aaAAAaaaa装aais?a?订is?aa?aa?a线5/11TEXT3Oneprincipleaimofkinematicsistocreate(design)thedesiredmotionsofthesubjects’mechanicalpartsandthenmathematicallycomputethepositions,velocities,andaccelerations,whichthosewillcreateontheparts.Since,formostearthboundmechanicalsystems,themassremainsessentiallyconstantwithtime,definingtheaccelerationsasafunctionoftimethenalsodefinesthedynamicforcesasafunctionoftime.Stresses,inturn,willbeafunctionofbothappliedandinertial(ma)forces.Sinceengineeringdesignischargedwithcreatingsystemswhichwillnotfailduringtheirexpectedservicelife,thegoalistokeepstresseswithinacceptablelimitsforthematerialschosenandtheenvironmentalconditionsencountered.Thisobviouslyrequiresthatallsystemforcesbedefinedandkeptwithindesiredlimits.Inmachinery,thelargestforcesencounteredareoftenthoseduetothedynamicsofthemachineitself.Thesedynamicforcesareproportionaltoacceleration,whichbringsusbacktokinematics,thefoundationofmechanicaldesign.Verybasicandearlydecisioninthedesignprocessinvolvingkinematicprinciplescanbecrucialtothesuccessofanymechanicaldesign;adesignwhichhaspoorkinematicswillprovetroublesomeandperformbadly.Anymechanicalsystemcanbeclassifiedaccordingtothenumberofdegreeoffreedom(DOF)whichitprocesses.Thesystem’sDOFisequaltothenumberofindependentparameterswhichareneededtouniquelydefineitspositioninspaceatanyinstantoftime.Arigidbodyfreetomovewithinareferenceframewill,inthegeneralcase,hascomplexmotion,whichisasimultaneouscombinationofrotationandtranslation.Inthree-dimensionalspace,theremayberotationaboutanyaxisandalsosimultaneoustranslationwhichcanberesolvedintocomponentsalongthreeaxes.Inaplane,ortwo-dimensionalspace,complexmotionbecomesacombinationofsimultaneousrotationaboutoneaxis(perpendiculartotheplane)andalsotranslationresolvedintocomponentsalongtwoaxesintheplane41、KinematicsresearchfocusonthefollowingEXCEPT______..A)accelerationsC)positions,B)forceD)velocities42、Fromthepassagethatforthedesignengineerthefirstandmostimportantis____A)theservicelifeofamachineB)thematerialschooseC)thedegreeoffreedomD)kinematicprinciples43、Anmechanicalsystemhasuniquelydefinedpositioninspaceatanyinstantoftimethat___.A)ItshouldhasoneDOFB)ItshouldHastwoDOFC)theDOFandthenumberofindependentparametersshouldequalD)ItshouldhasanyDOFaswant44、whichoneofthefollowingisNOTTRUE_______?.A)Arigidbodyfreetomoveinthree-dimensionalspacemayrotationaboutanyaxisB)Arigidbodyfreetomoveinthree-dimensionalspaceisasimultaneouscombinationofrotationandtranslationC)Arigidbodyfreetomoveinthree-dimensionalspacecanberesolvedintocomponentsalongthreeaxesD)Arigidbodyfreetomoveinthree-dimensionalspacemayhascomplexmotion45、Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe_______.A)kinematicsB)dynamicsC)kinematicsanddynamicD)theimportantofkinematics共5页第3页6/11四、英译汉（共20分）1．将下列52（）Aperfectlyrigidorinextensiblelinkcanexistonlyasatextbooktypeofmodelofarealmachinemember.（）Foundationsshouldensurethemachine’sstiffness;shockabsorptionandisolationaresecondaryconsiderations.aaa装（）（）Agearcanbegrippedaxiallybetweenashoulderontheshaftandaspacer,withtorquebeingtransmittedthroughakey.a,,订五、英译汉（共20分）1、将下列5