2023届东北三省三校高三下学期第一次联合模拟考试英语试题（ 含答案解析 ）

第1页/共1页2023年高三第一次联合模拟考试英语试卷注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whenwillthetaxiarrive?A.In10minutes.B.Rightnow.C.Inhalfanhour.2.Whatwillthewomandofirst?A.Headnextdoor.B.CalloldPeter.C.Packupthesoup.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Tom’swork.B.Tom’sfashion.C.Tom’shealth.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inacafe.C.Inacomputerroom.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemovie?A.Frightening.B.Interesting.C.Boring.第二节(共15小题;每题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredidthemangrowup?A.Inthecountryside.B.Inasmalltown.C.Inacity.7.Whatdothespeakersseeinthestreelsnow?A.Alolofrubbish.B.Kidsplayingballs.C.Niceshops.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisplacingallorder.B.Sheisfillinginaform.C.Sheisaskingforsomeinformation.9.Whenwillthemagazinescomeout?A.Inaweek.B.Intwoweeks.C.Intwomonths.10.Whydoesthemanrecommendpre-ordering?A.Everythingwillbereadyinadvance.B.Theproductisbetter.C.Itischeaper.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Listeningtomusic.B.Seeingafilm.C.Writingaletter.12.HowlongwillthewomanslayinJapan?A.Forayear.B.Foramonth.C.ForIwoyears.13WhatwillthewomandobeforesheleavesforJapan?A.ReadmoreJapanesenovels.B.Attendalanguageclass.C.Applyforanewprogram.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.HowlongwillthemanslayinRio?A.Forafewweeks.B.Forseveraldays.C.Formorethanaweek.15.Wherewillthemanmeetthisgirlfriend?A.InRin.B.InSantiago.C.InLima.16.Howlongwilltheman’ssummerholidaylast?AAmonth.B.Threeweeks.C.Twomonths.17.Howwillthemantravelfromoneplacetoanother?A.Byship.B.Bycar.C.Byplane.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howcanfrozenfoodlekeptcoldatordinarytemperatures?A.Bysinglags.B.Byusingwaler.C.Byusingpaper,19.Whatisadvisedtodowhencamping?A.Keepmilkinacoolerbox.B.Nevercookmeatoreggs.C.Usespecialdryfoods.20.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howtopickupfreshfood.B.Howtoeathealthilyindifferentweather.C.Howtokeepfoodfromgoinghadinsummer.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ATheOlympicMuseum’seducationalprogramsarenowfree!Asof1January2023,oureducationalprogramsarefree!Teacherscantailortheirvisitstotheirownneedsandinterests,choosingbetweenself-guidedtours,guidedtoursandworkshops,withonlineeducationalresourcesalsoavailable.Hereisallthepracticalinformationyouneedtoorganizeyourvisit.Inordertomakeareservation,pleasefillinthepre-reservationform.Thisformisamustforalltypesofvisits.TherearefourwaystovisittheMuseumwithyourclass:●Guidedtour:Visitthepermanentexhibitionaccompaniedbyoneofouractivityleaders.Duration:90minutes●Workshop+guidedtour:Themedtouroftheexhibition(permanentortemporarydependingonthetopic)andworkshopintheGymorStudio,allaccompaniedbyanactivitylender.Duration:2×45minutes●Workshop+independentvisit(optional):Accompaniedbyanactivityleader,makethemostofathemedworkshopandextendyourOlympicexperiencebyvisitingtheexhibitionsindependently.Duration:45minutesfortheworkshop,unlimitedforanindependentvisit●Independentvisit:Accesstoallexhibitionareasexcepteducationalareas.Duration:unlimitedPracticalInformationSelf-guidedvisitorsingroupswithareservationwillbegivenpriorityattheentrance.Iftheexhibitionsaretoocrowded,wemaynotbeabletogiveyoutheprivilege.Safetydistancesbetweenadultsandstudents/childrenmustberespected.RatesAlloureducationalprogramsarefreeofchargeforthoseundertheageof16.●Childrenuptotheageof15:free●Studentsaged16andover&adults:$14●Accompanyingadult(1for1-10students,2for11-20students,etc.):free1.Whatcanateacherdowhenplanningavisittothemuseumforthestudents?A.Tailoraguidedtourforunlimitedlime.B.Makeareservationwithoutfillingoutaform.C.Chooseanindependenttourineducationalareas.D.Designaself-guidedtourwitha45-minuteworkshop.2.VisitorshavepriorityaccesstotheMuseumwhen.A.theexhibitionsaretoojammedB.theyareinaguidedtourgroupC.safelydistancesbetweenpeoplearerespectedD.reservationsaremadefortheirself-guidedgroups3.Whatisthecostforthreeteacherstotake17studentsaged15,and2aged16foratour?A.$14. B.$28. C.$42. D.$56.【答案】1.D2.D3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则奥林匹克博物馆的教育项目的广告。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Workshop+independentvisit(optional)部分中“Accompaniedbyanactivityleader,makethemostofathemedworkshopandextendyourOlympicexperiencebyvisitingtheexhibitionsindependently.(在活动负责人的陪同下，充分利用主题工作坊，通过独立参观展览来扩展您的奥运体验)”和“Duration:45minutesfortheworkshop,unlimitedforanindependentvisit(持续时间：研讨会45分钟，独立参观无限制)”可知，教师在为学生计划参观博物馆可以设计一个含45分钟工作坊的自助游。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据PracticalInformation部分中“Self-guidedvisitorsingroupswithareservationwillbegivenpriorityattheentrance.(预订了的团体自助游客将优先进入入口)”可知，预定了的团体自助游客可以优先进入。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Rates部分“Alloureducationalprogramsarefreeofchargeforthoseundertheageof16.●Childrenuptotheageof15:free●Studentsaged16andover&adults:$14●Accompanyingadult(1for1-10students,2for11-20students,etc.):free(我们所有的教育项目对16岁以下的人都是免费的。●15岁以下儿童：免费●16岁及以上的学生和成年人：14美元●有成人陪同（一位老师和1-10名学生，两位和11-20名学生）：免费)”可知，三位老师门票是$14*3=$42，17个15岁的学生免费，两个16岁的孩子因为有成人陪同也是免费的。故选C。BInJuly,Ireceivedane-mailfromRichardK.Weems,whodirectedthecreativewritingdivisionoftheNewJerseyGovernor’sSchooloftheArts.Hehiredmetoteachpoetrytoagroupofgiftedhighschoolstudents.WhenImetthegroup,incontrasttowhatpastteachershaddone,Iproposedthatwerunapoetrystand,whichwouldbelikeacountrylemonadestand,exceptthatpeoplewouldbecomingforpoems.Whatevercustomersaskedfor,thestudentswouldwrite.Thegroupwerewillingtogowithmyidea,thoughtheyhadquestions.Wouldwecollectmoneyatthepoetrystand?No.Whatiftherewerenocustomers?It’spartoftherisk.Whatifwehadnothingtosayonthetopictheygaveus?Youwill,andI’lltrainyou.Afewtimesaday,wheneverwehadalittleextratimeinthewritingstudio,IaskedmystudentstoturntoacleansheetofpaperandIgavethemanassumedpoetry-standpoemrequest.Itriedtogetthestudentsintothehabitofaskingforspecificsandauthenticity.OnThursdaymorningcamethebigdayonPalmerSquare.Wesetupthetablesandchairsbesidetheplace.ThefoottraffictoandfrowasasightthatmighthavepleasedWaltWhitman:peopleofallagesandraces.Peopleslowedtentatively(试探性地)atthesignofferingfreepoetry.Awomanwheelingastrollerbecameourfirstcustomertohavesomeonewriteforherkidonthesubjectofcandy.AnAsianwomanaskedifthepoetscoulddohaiku.AmantoldusthatheonlyspokeSpanish.SowebroughtRicky,aLatinokidtotakehisorderandreturnedwithapoeminSpanish.Themancouldn’tcontainhissmile.By4:30,whenitwastimetoleave,customersstoodinline,wantingtoknowwhenwewouldbereturning.IwatchedandtheirenthusiasmmademewonderabouttheplaceofpoetryinthelivesofordinaryAmericans.4.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthorfromthepassage?A.Hefollowedintheformerteachers’footsteps.B.Heguidedhisstudentstocreatepoemsatwill.C.Hepreparedhislittlepoetswellfortheactivity.D.Hefoundhisadviceunpopularwithhisstudents.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contain”inParagraph5mean?A.Include. B.Control. C.Wear. D.Return.6.Whatcanweinferabouttheactivityfromthepassage?A.Theappealofpoetrywasbeyondimagination.B.Thestudentsmadeafortunebytradingtheirpoems.C.TheteacherinvitedWaltWhitmantocomposeapoem.D.Thestudentssufferedacoldshoulderofthepassers-by.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.APoetryStand B.AnEnglishPoetryDayC.APoemExchange D.AMemorablePoemLecture【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过让学生们经营“诗歌摊”不仅提高了他们的诗歌能力，同时也见证了诗歌在普通美国人生活中的重要地位。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Afewtimesaday,wheneverwehadalittleextratimeinthewritingstudio,IaskedmystudentstoturntoacleansheetofpaperandIgavethemanassumedpoetry-standpoemrequest.Itriedtogetthestudentsintothehabitofaskingforspecificsandauthenticity.(每天有几次，只要我们在写作工作室有一点额外的时间，我要求我的学生翻开一张干净的纸，然后给他们一个假设的诗歌站立诗要求。我试图让学生养成询问细节和真实性的习惯)”可知，作者让他的小诗人们为“诗歌摊”活动了做了充分的准备。故选C。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“AmantoldusthatheonlyspokeSpanish.SowebroughtRicky,aLatinokidtotakehisorderandreturnedwithapoeminSpanish.(一个男人告诉我们，他只会说西班牙语。所以我们带了瑞奇，一个拉丁裔孩子来接他的订单，回来时带着一首西班牙语诗)”可知，小诗人满足男士的要求，写了一首西班牙语诗。由此可知，男人控制不住满意地笑了。即划线词意为“控制”，与control同义。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“By4:30,whenitwastimetoleave,customersstoodinline,wantingtoknowwhenwewouldbereturning.IwatchedandtheirenthusiasmmademewonderabouttheplaceofpoetryinthelivesofordinaryAmericans.(到了4点30分，该离开的时候，顾客们排起了队，想知道我们什么时候再来。我看着，他们的热情让我怀疑诗歌在普通美国人生活中的地位)”推知，通过这次活动我们可以知道诗歌的魅力超乎想象。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段“WhenImetthegroup,incontrasttowhatpastteachershaddone,Iproposedthatwerunapoetrystand,whichwouldbelikeacountrylemonadestand,exceptthatpeoplewouldbecomingforpoems.Whatevercustomersaskedfor,thestudentswouldwrite.(当我见到这个小组时，与过去的老师所做的相反，我提议我们经营一个诗歌摊，就像一个乡村柠檬水摊，只是人们会来买诗歌。无论顾客要什么，学生们都会写信)”和最后一段的“IwatchedandtheirenthusiasmmademewonderabouttheplaceofpoetryinthelivesofordinaryAmericans.(我看着，他们的热情让我怀疑诗歌在普通美国人生活中的地位)”可知，文章主要讲述作者通过让学生们经营“诗歌摊”不仅提高了他们的诗歌能力，同时也见证了诗歌在普通美国人生活中的重要地位。因此A项“诗歌摊”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。CThelatestphototakenatChina’swell-knownTsinghuaUniversitybecameahit,whereastudentwasseenusinghislaptopwhileridingonabike.Themoralofthestoryisthatwastingtimeonthingslikecommutingbetweenuniversityfacilitiesbecomesunacceptable,sincethepressuretograduatetopoftheclassissointense.Intotherealworld,workingextrahoursisacommonpracticeofChina’smostbrilliantfiguresintechnology.Infiniteovertime,prematurebalding(秃顶)andhospitaladmissionsareallbutpartofstandardprofessionallifeforthenation’sbrightest.Similarly,blue-collarworkersdon’thaveiteasier.Fooddeliveryridersarereportedlytrappedbyanalgorithm(算法)thatautomaticallyworksoutthebestdeliverytimeforappusers,andnevermindsiftheworkersareattheriskofroadaccidents.Peoplearewonderingwhetherallthishardworkreallymakeslifebetter.Actually,itmaywellbemakingthingsharderforeveryone,buttheredoesn’tseemtobeawayout.Apopularsenseofbeingstuckinaneversoexhaustingratracewhereeveryoneloseshasgivenrisetoanewbuzzword:neijuan(involution).TheChineseword,neijuan,ismadeupofthecharactersfor“inside”and“rolling”,andisunderstoodassomethingthatspiralsinonitself,aprocessthattrapsparticipantswhoknowtheywon’tbenefitfromit.“Fromasociologicalpointofview,involutionisunavoidablebecauseofsociety’sstructuralshifts,”saidYanFei,aprofessorofsociologyatTsinghuaUniversity,“Onebigquestionforthemiddleclassishowtoremaininthemiddleclass.Meanwhile,thelowerclassstillhopestochangetheirfate.Butthemiddleandupperclassesaren’tsomuchlookingupward,andtheyaremarkedbyadeepfearoffallingdownward.Theirgreaterfearisperhapslosingwhattheyalreadyhave,”heexplained.8.WhyisthephotoofastudentinTsinghuaUniversitymentionedinParagraph1?A.Toclarifythewritingpurpose.B.Topresentanargument.C.Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.D.Todescribeacharacter.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.I’scommontoworkovertimeintherealworld.B.NeijuanreflectsthefiercecompetitioninChina.C.Fooddeliveryridersbenefitalotfromtheapps.D.Peopleliveabetterlifeduetotheirgreatefforts.10.WhatcanbeinferredfromwhatYanFeisaidinthelastparagraph?A.Thelowerclasssuffersadeepfearoffallingdownward.B.Themiddleclasstriestobeamemberoftheupperclass.C.Thegreatestfearofeveryclassistolosewhattheyalreadyhave.D.Involutionisinescapableinthedevelopmentofsocietyforeachclass.11.Fromwhichcolumnofthenewspapercanthepassagebetaken?A.Society. B.Economy. C.Entertainment. D.Tourism.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章由清华大学一张学生的照片引入，介绍了现在中国各行各业都面临着激烈的竞争，催生了“内卷”这个词。专家指出，随着社会的发展，各个阶层都会面临内卷。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Themoralofthestoryisthatwastingtimeonthingslikecommutingbetweenuniversityfacilitiesbecomesunacceptable,sincethepressuretograduatetopoftheclassissointense.(这个故事的寓意是，浪费时间在大学设施之间的通勤上变得不可接受，因为以班级第一名毕业的压力如此之大)”结合下文介绍人们通过更加辛苦的工作来改善和保住现有的地位或生活状态推知，第一段提到清华大学一个学生骑自行车的同时还看平板电脑的照片是为了引出下文话题——内卷。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Apopularsenseofbeingstuckinaneversoexhaustingratracewhereeveryoneloseshasgivenrisetoanewbuzzword:neijuan(involution).(一种被困在一场人人都输的激烈竞争中的流行感觉产生了一个新的流行词：内卷)”可知，“内卷”反应了中国各行各业的激烈竞争。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Fromasociologicalpointofview,involutionisunavoidablebecauseofsociety’sstructuralshifts,”saidYanFei,aprofessorofsociologyatTsinghuaUniversity,“Onebigquestionforthemiddleclassishowtoremaininthemiddleclass.Meanwhile,thelowerclassstillhopestochangetheirfate.Butthemiddleandupperclassesaren’tsomuchlookingupward,andtheyaremarkedbyadeepfearoffallingdownward.Theirgreaterfearisperhapslosingwhattheyalreadyhave,”heexplained.(清华大学社会学教授严飞说：“从社会学角度来看，由于社会的结构变化，内卷是不可避免的。”，他解释道：“中产阶级面临的一个大问题是如何留在中产阶级。与此同时，下层阶级仍然希望改变自己的命运。但中上层阶级并没有太多的向上看，他们的特点是深深害怕堕落。他们更大的恐惧可能是失去他们已经拥有的东西。”)”推知，随着社会的发展，对于各个阶层来说内卷都是不可避免的。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章由清华大学一张学生的照片引入，介绍了现在中国各行各业都面临着激烈的竞争，催生了“内卷”这个词。专家指出，随着社会的发展，各个阶层都会面临内卷。由此可知，文章话题是和社会相关的，很有可能出现在报纸的“社会”专栏。故选A。DMiningrare-earth(稀土)elements(REEs)haslongbeenconsideredadirtybusiness,asitcanleadtowaterandsoilpollution,butanewtechnologydevelopedbyChinesescientistsmaychangethetrend,offeringagreeneralternativefortheindustry.REEs,especiallyheavyones,areanessentialpartofmanyhigh-techdevices,fromtheenginesofelectriccarsandsmartphones,toLEDlights.Morethan90%oftheglobalheavyKEFdemandissourcedfromion-adsorptiondeposits(离子吸附沉积物),whichformwithinweatheringerasts(硬壳).However,conventionalminingappliesovermuchusageofchemicalagentstorecoverREEsfrontthesedeposits,notonlyexhibitinglowefficiencybutalsopollutingtheenvironment.ResearchersfromtheChineseAcademyofSciences’GuangzhouInstituteofGeochemistryproposedanewapproachinthejournalNatureSustainabilityearlierthismonth,showingthatemployingelectrokineticminingtechniquestoextract(提取)REEsfromweatheringcrustscanbebothcleanandefficient.Usingthisapproach,researchersgeneratedanelectricfieldbyputtingelectrodes(电极)onthetopandbottomofavolumeofsoil.TheelectrokineticeffectcanspeedupthemigrationofREEs,reducingtheneedforharmfulchemicalagents.Toevaluatethepracticalityofthenewmethod,theycarriedoutseveralexperimentsofdifferentscales.Resultssuggestedthatthenewmethodoutperformedtraditionalminingtechniques.Forinstance,thescaled-upexperimentsachievedarecoveryefficiencyof96%within67hoursbyusingelectrokinetics.Usingtheconventionaltechnique,itwasonly62%at130hours.Thedifferencebetweentheimpactoftheoldandthenewapproacheswasevenmoresignificantinanon-sitefieldtest:Usingelectrokineticscanachievearecoveryefficiencyhigherthan90%,an80%decreaseinpollutingagentusageanda70%reductioninimpurity.Thestudyconfirmedthatthisnovelelectrokinetictechnologyenabledgreen,efficientandselectiverecoveryofREEs.Researchersalsonotedthatthenewmethodhasgreatpotentialforuseintheminingofothercriticalmetalsunderconditionsinwhichthemetalsexistinionicstates.12.Whyisthenewtechnologyreferredtoasa“greeneralternative”forREEmining?A.Itisbasedoncleanerenergy.B.Itachievesahigherrecoveryefficiency.C.ItrecoversREEsfromweatheringcrusts.D.Itdependslessontheuseofchemicalagents.13.Howdoestheauthorpresentthepracticalityofthenewtechnology?A.Byanalyzingcauses. B.Bylistingexamples.C.Byprovidingtestresults. D.Bygivinginstructions.14.Whatcanweknowaboutthenewtechnology?A.ItcontributestotheextractionofpurerREEs.B.ItcausesREEstobeminedatahighercost.C.Itiswidelyadoptedinminingcriticalmetals.D.ItfreesREEminingoftheimpactonnature.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Anewtechnologywithgreatpotentialinminingmetals.B.AgreenerREEminingtechnologywithhigherefficiency.CThedifficultiesinminingREEsfromion-adsorptiondeposits.D.ThedifferencesbetweenconventionalandnewREEminingmethods.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一个更环保且效率更高的稀土提取技术。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“However,conventionalminingappliesovermuchusageofchemicalagentstorecoverREEsfrontthesedeposits,notonlyexhibitinglowefficiencybutalsopollutingtheenvironment.(然而，常规采矿在这些矿床前回收稀土时，大量使用化学药剂，不仅效率低，而且污染环境)”和第三段的“TheelectrokineticeffectcanspeedupthemigrationofREEs,reducingtheneedforharmfulchemicalagents.(电动效应可以加速稀土元素的迁移，减少对有害化学剂的需求)”可知，这项新技术被称为开采稀土的“greeneralternative”是因为相较于传统方法，它使用的化学剂更少。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Forinstance,thescaled-upexperimentsachievedarecoveryefficiencyof96%within67hoursbyusingelectrokinetics.Usingtheconventionaltechnique,itwasonly62%at130hours.(例如，通过使用电动力学，扩大的实验在67小时内实现了96%的回收效率。使用传统技术，在130小时时仅为62%)”和第五段“Usingelectrokineticscanachievearecoveryefficiencyhigherthan90%,an80%decreaseinpollutingagentusageanda70%reductioninimpurity.(使用电动力学可以实现高于90%的回收效率，减少80%的污染剂使用，减少70%的杂质)”推知，作者通过提供测试结果的方式来展示新方法的实用性。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据五段中“Thedifferencebetweentheimpactoftheoldandthenewapproacheswasevenmoresignificantinanon-sitefieldtest:Usingelectrokineticscanachievearecoveryefficiencyhigherthan90%,an80%decreaseinpollutingagentusageanda70%reductioninimpurity.(在现场测试中，新旧方法的影响差异更为显著：使用电动力学可以实现90%以上的回收率，减少80%的污染剂使用，减少70%的杂质)”可知，这种新技术可以减少70%的杂质，有助于提取更纯的稀土元素。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第三段的“ResearchersfromtheChineseAcademyofSciences’GuangzhouInstituteofGeochemistryproposedanewapproachinthejournalNatureSustainabilityearlierthismonth,showingthatemployingelectrokineticminingtechniquestoextract(提取)REEsfromweatheringcrustscanbebothcleanandefficient.(本月早些时候，中国科学院广州地球化学研究所的研究人员在《自然可持续发展》杂志上提出了一种新方法，表明利用电动采矿技术从风化壳中提取稀土既清洁又高效)”可知，本文主要介绍了一个更环保且效率更高的稀土提取技术。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Workoutfads(狂热)comeandgo,butvirtuallynootherexerciseprogramisaslastingasyoga(瑜伽).ItoriginatedfromIndiaandit’sbeenaroundformorethan5,000years.____16________17____Yogadoesmorethanburncaloriesandtonemuscles.It’satotalmind-bodyworkoutthatcombinesstrengtheningandstretchingposeswithdeepbreathingandmeditationorrelaxation.Researchshowsyogacanhelpmanagestress,improvemood,andenhancethequalityofsleep.Inaddition,yogahasbeenshowntoincreaseflexibility,improvebalanceandincreasestrength.____18____Allthesetypes,fromthepeacefulhathatothehigh-intensitypoweryoga,takeyourworkouttoalevelofmind-bodyconnection.Peopleofallagesandfitnesslevelscandothemostbasicyogaposesandstretches.Youcandoyogaanywhere,indoorsorout.You’llneedtouseayogamattokeepyoufromslidingaroundinstandingposes,andtocushionyouwhileinseatedandlyingpositions.____19____Itincludesayogaballforbalance,ayogablockortwo,andstrapstohelpyoureachforyourfeetorlinkyourhandsbehindyourback.EventhoughtherearemanyinstructionalbooksandDVDsonyoga,itiswellworthittoinvestinsomeclasseswithagoodinstructorwhocanshowyouhowtodothepostures.Butifyoudon’tlivenearastudio,oryou’retheon-the-gotypewhostrugglestomaketimeforaregularclass,doingyogaathomecanhelpyoufitthepracticeintoyourlife.____20____Simplychoosethetimeandthelengthofthesessionthatworksforyou,andgetyour“om”onathome.A.Yogaisagreatwaytostrengthenyourbody.B.Otheroptionalequipmentmayalsobeneeded.C.Therearemorethan100differentformsofyoga.D.Nowitisapopularpracticethroughouttheworld.E.Therefore,yogafacilitiesarenecessitiesforyourexercise.F.Yogahaslongbeenpraisedforitsphysicalandspiritualbenefits.G.Youdon’thavetowaitforaspecificclasstimeorcommittoaclass.【答案】16.D17.F18.C19.B20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。锻炼潮流此起彼伏，但几乎没有其他锻炼项目能像瑜伽那样持久。本文主要介绍了瑜伽的好处。【16题详解】根据上文“Workoutfads(狂热)comeandgo,butvirtuallynootherexerciseprogramisaslastingasyoga(瑜伽).(锻炼潮流此起彼伏，但几乎没有其他锻炼项目能像瑜伽那样持久。)”可知，瑜伽是一项持久的锻炼项目。空前讲到“ItoriginatedfromIndiaandit’sbeenaroundformorethan5,000years.(它起源于印度，已经存在了5000多年)”瑜伽的起源，所以接下来会讲瑜伽的发展现状。D项“Nowitisapopularpracticethroughouttheworld.(现在这是一种在全世界都很流行的做法。)”承接上文，符合语境，故选D项。【17题详解】根据下文“Yogadoesmorethanburncaloriesandtonemuscles.It’satotalmind-bodyworkoutthatcombinesstrengtheningandstretchingposeswithdeepbreathingandmeditationorrelaxation.(瑜伽不仅仅是燃烧卡路里和锻炼肌肉。这是一种全面的身心锻炼，将强化和拉伸姿势与深呼吸、冥想或放松相结合。)”可知，本段介绍瑜伽是一项对身心都有好处的运动。F项“Yogahaslongbeenpraisedforitsphysicalandspiritualbenefits.(长期以来，瑜伽因其对身体和精神的益处而备受赞誉。)”放在句首，引出下文，符合语境，故选F项。【18题详解】根据下文“Allthesetypes(所有这些类型)”可知，空处应说到瑜伽的类型。C项“Therearemorethan100differentformsofyoga.(瑜伽有100多种不同的形式。)”中的forms与下文的types是同义词复现，符合语境，故选C项。【19题详解】根据上文“You’llneedtouseayogamattokeepyoufromslidingaroundinstandingposes,andtocushionyouwhileinseatedandlyingpositions.(你需要使用瑜伽垫来防止你在站姿时四处滑动，并在坐姿和躺着时为你提供缓冲。)”可知，上文介绍练习瑜伽所需的设备。B项“Otheroptionalequipmentmayalsobeneeded.(可能还需要其他可选设备。)”对上文进行补充，符合语境，故选B项。【20题详解】上文“Butifyoudon’tlivenearastudio,oryou’retheon-the-gotypewhostrugglestomaketimeforaregularclass,doingyogaathomecanhelpyoufitthepracticeintoyourlife.(但是如果你不住在工作室附近，或者你是那种忙忙碌碌的人，很难挤出时间去上普通的课，那么在家里做瑜伽可以帮助你把瑜伽运动融入到你的生活中。)”提到在家里做瑜伽，下文“Simplychoosethetimeandthelengthofthesessionthatworksforyou,andgetyour“om”onathome.(只需选择适合您的时间和时长，然后在家开启你的“om”。)”指出，在家里做瑜伽的好处，即你只需要选择合适您的时间和时长，空处应该引起下文。G项“Youdon’thavetowaitforaspecificclasstimeorcommittoaclass.(你不必等待特定的上课时间或专心上课。)”符合，围绕在家里做瑜伽的一些好处，其中don’thaveto与下文Simply的形成对比，符合语境，故选G项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I’macreatureofhabit.ThewalkingrouteI’veestablishedaroundtheblockinNewYork____21____varies.Onmywalk,Itake____22____inwhatmyfellowgardenershaveplanted.Ofallthesights,IthinkI____23____Nell’sGardenthemost.Everymorning,IpassNellonher____24____showingrespectforMotherNature.Whileotherwomenontheblock____25____noisilyovercoffeebreak,Nellcommunicateswithherflowersin____26____spiritually.OnemorningNelldidn’tbendoverthelilies.Nordidsheprune(修剪)branches.Lookinglost,shesatonherfrontporchand____27____offintospace.“NellNellAreyouallright”Slowlysheturnedtome.Withalongdeepbreath,shesaidinawhisper,“Weare____28____.”NowIjoinedherinher____29____:WhatwouldIdowithoutherfragranceandtheflowerheads_____30_____intimetomyfootfalls.Severalmonthsgoingby,Nellrarelyspenttimeamongtheflowers,leavingthegarden_____31_____.Thenonemorning,amovingpickup_____32_____toblockthedriveway.Thehousesatvacant.LifeislikeNell’sgarden.Weplanandplant,andonedaywemoveon.ThisspringIplantedanannualgarden.Afriendwas_____33_____andasked,“Whydidyougothroughallthateffort?Aren’tyoumovingtoEngland?”Sheisright.Iwon’tbehere,butanotherwomanwill.She’llmoveintomyhouseandenjoytheflowersI’ve_____34_____.Ihopethatacrossthe_____35_____anotherwomanisplantingflowersinfrontofahousethatI’llrent.Weplantnotonlyforourselves,butalsoforthosewhocomebehindus.21.A.occasionally B.constantly C.barely D.temporarily22.A.part B.joy C.steps D.risks23.A.treasure B.plant C.design D.tend24.A.fingers B.fists C.arms D.knees25.A.chat B.compete C.discuss D.play26.A.fear B.amazement C.advance D.silence27.A.flew B.stared C.blew D.went28.A.harvesting B.packing C.travelling D.moving29.A.sadness B.confusion C.sympathy D.madness30A.screaming B.dropping C.nodding D.kicking31.A.unused B.unattended C.unmanned D.unexpected32.A.pulledup B.droveaway C.passedby D.settleddown33.A.genuine B.humble C.curious D.sensitive34.A.takenaway B.goneafter C.leftbehind D.wonderedat35.A.country B.block C.garden D.ocean【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.A26.D27.B28.D29.A30.C31.B32.A33.C34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者非常喜爱邻居种的花，但邻居因为要搬家而没有照料花园，花园就这样凋敝了。后来作者选择自己种花，料理花园，她认为种花不仅是为自己，也为下一个搬进自己家的人。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我在纽约街区周围建立的步行路线几乎没有变化。A.occasionally偶尔；B.constantly不断地；C.barely仅仅，几乎不；D.temporarily暂时地。根据上文“I’macreatureofhabit.”推知，作者的步行路线几乎没有变化。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我散步的时候，我对我的园丁们种植的东西感到高兴。A.part部分；B.joy开心；C.steps步骤，步子；D.risks风险。根据下文“Everymorning,IpassNellonher____4____showingrespectforMotherNature.”推知，作者对园丁种植的东西感到开心。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在所有的景点中，我认为我最珍视内尔的花园。A.treasure珍惜，看重；B.plant种植；C.design设计；D.tend照顾。根据下文“Everymorning,IpassNellonher____4____showingrespectforMotherNature.”推知，作者最珍惜和重视内尔的花园。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，我都会从跪着的内尔身边经过，她这样是表示对大自然母亲的尊重。A.fingers手指；B.fists拳头；C.arms手臂