新高考2020版高考英语二轮复习第一编一阅读理解题型四主旨大意题练习新人教版

题型四主旨大意题

今＞试题探秘＜€＞语篇出处：原创语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：学校生活IwasninewhenIarrivedattheChildren,sHomeinNashua,NewHampshire,in1965.Ifailedthirdgradethatyear,barelymadeitthroughasecondtime,andhadmerelypassedthroughfourthgradebythetimeIreachedPaulineJambard,sfifthgradeclassatCharlotteAvenueElementarySchool.IbelievedIwasn't“smart”andpopularliketheotherkids,andIhopedIcouldmakeitthroughfifthgrade.MsJambardtookaninstantlikingtome.Ofallthesubjectsinschool,readingwasmyfavorite.Shewouldtellme,“Terry,youkeepreading.Ifyoucanunderstandwhatyou,rereading,you'llbesmarterthanmostkids.”AfterIreadallthebooksinourprogram,Istartedreadingtheclassroom,ssetofEncyclopaediaBritannica.Icouldn,tfindenoughtoread,andIstartedtoreallylikeschool.ThatDecember,thechildren,shomethrewaChristmaspartyforfamilyandcommunitymembers.MybrotherandIhadnofamilytoinvite.IstillrememberlookingupandseeingMsJambardwalkthroughthefrontdoorsofthechildren,shomeandIrealizedthatshewasthereonbehalfofmyparent.ThatmademefeelitwasthebestChristmasofmylife.Wehavestayedintouch,andIcallPaulineateastonceayear.Becauseoftheconfidencesheinstilled（灌输）inme,Iwentontohaveasuccessfulcareerinengineering读文章，知大意描述作者在学校成绩不好，几乎每门 功课都不及格failure」一 ,老师建议作者多阅读，提高成绩progress」记叙文（学校记忆）一---一 老师代表作者的家长出席了晚会K 作者很高兴I'excitement在老师帮助下作者很成功，把老师一.当作自己的亲人，经常探望faith」准定位，善分析题1：题干关键词为“thewriter'sformerschooling”，根据文中细节“failedthirdgrade”“barelymadeitthroughasecondtime”“hadmerelypassedthroughfourthgrade”“Iwasn't‘smart’andpopularliketheotherandlawengagement.Idon,tknowifPaulinerealizeshowmuchshehelpedme,butI,llneverforgetherkindnessandfaithinme.Itreatherasmyfamilymember.l.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethewriter,sformerschooling？A.Hewasfondofreading.B.Hepassedalltheexamseasily.C.Hewassmarterthanmostkids.D.Hewaspopularamongstudents..HowdidPaulineJambardhelpthewriterimprovestudies?A.Takegoodcareofthewriter.B.Helphimwithallthesubjects.C.Guidehimtoreallylikeschool.D.Advisehimtodomorereading..Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3referto？A.Thewriter,smakingitthroughfifthgrade.B.Thewriter,slookingupandseeingMsJambard.C.MsJambard,sattendingthepartyashisparent.D.Theschool,sthrowingaChristmaspartyforthem..Whatcanbethebesttitleofthispassage？A.OneofMyRespectedTeachersB.PaulineJambardBecameMyFamilyC.MyFavoriteTeacheratPrimarySchoolD.TheTeacherTaughtMeKindnessandFaithkids”以及“Ofallthesubjectsinschool,readingwasmyfavorite.”可知选A。题2：题干关键词为“How...improvestudies”，由文中细节“Terry,youkeepreading.Ifyoucanunderstandwhatyou,rereading,you,llbesmarterthanmostkids.”可知老师建议作者多读书。选D。析句意，擅猜测题3：从本段可知，学校举办晚会，作者没有家庭成员可以邀请，而MsJambard代表他的家长出席晚会，这使作者认为这是他一生中最棒的圣诞节。选C。分析对比，归纳大意题4：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是作者在小学时的经历。由于成绩不好，每次都勉强升级，作者认为自己不聪明。遇到五年级的老师以后，老师鼓励他多读书，并且老师代表他的家长参加了圣诞聚会；老师给作者灌输的自信铸就了作者日后的事业成功，所以作者把老师看作自己的家人。选B。3技法点拨8考法1标题归纳题一一“精准定位”法考点揭秘设问方式语篇类型 J选项一般为短语，要覆盖全文的意思，同时其Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?故事类、科普知识类、史地自然类、现象说明、科研报告、专栏文章等。表达的范围要恰到好处。特点是短小精悍、涵盖性强、精确性强。 /典例片段（2019•安徽押题卷）IfyouhadtoguesswhichdirectionApplewouldbeheadedin2019,whatmightyousay?Thecompany,siPhonebusinesshasbeenstricken....Butwhat,smorelikelytohappenisthis:iPhoneswillgetevenmoreexpensive..........Forthefuture,Applewillcontinuetoputmoreemphasisonthosecategories.Andlookingevenfurtherout,itisalmostcertainthatApplewillenternewsectors.Applehasmadesomemistakesinitspoliciesinrecentyears.Butthecompanyisnotdownandout.Farfromit:Byfocusingonhighend,highprofittech,plusservices,allwhilekeepinganeyeonthefuture,Applewilllikelykeepitsdominantpositionformanyyearstocome.

Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.iPhonesWillBeMoreExpensiveB.TheAdvantagesApplesWillHaveC.iPhonesWillWorkHarderD.AppleIsFacingDifficulty根据文章中心句，提炼主题词法，主题词作标题文章写作对象特点较多时，1二1法常用写作对象的名称作标题把写作对象与其主要特点、1+1;1Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.iPhonesWillBeMoreExpensiveB.TheAdvantagesApplesWillHaveC.iPhonesWillWorkHarderD.AppleIsFacingDifficulty根据文章中心句，提炼主题词法，主题词作标题文章写作对象特点较多时，1二1法常用写作对象的名称作标题把写作对象与其主要特点、1+1;1法结果或影响整合作标题V C概括性，概括全文，体现主旨针对性内涵相符，外延恰当新颖性语言精练，新颖奇特<_ \断章取义以偏概全离题太远【技法应用X第一步王日大意：议论文。苹果手机销售出现低谷，但作者认为苹果手机的价格会越来越高。第二步原因分析：通过专注于高端、高利润的技术和服务，同时着眼于未来，苹果很可能在未来的许多年里保持其主导地位。第三步对比选项：“手机的价格会越来越高”与选项A中的信息一致，故选A。考法2段落大意题一一“首尾兼顾”法

考点褐秘设问方式语篇类型段落大意类题型多在说明文和议论文中所涉及的各类话题（如社会文化类、科普说明类）文章中进行考查。考点褐秘设问方式语篇类型概括段落大意，要细读段落首句、尾句和中间句。注WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?WhatdoesParagraph1focuson?科技环保类、现象说明、科研报告、专题文章、研究报告等。典例片段（2019•山东泰安模考）Cafesareeverywherethesedays,offeringasmanyvarietiesofcoffeeastherearewaystohaveitserved.Andthisleadstoarangeofprices,fromcheapgrabandgocoffee,totheultraexpensiveartisanalcoffee（匠人咖啡）.However,anincreasingnumberofWesternconsumersarehappytopayalittlemorefortheircupinordertoensurethatitcomesfromanethically道德地）producedandsustainablesource....WhatdoesParagraph1focuson？A.Thevarietiesofcoffee.B.Therangeofcoffeeprices.C.Thepopularityofartisanalcoffee.D.Thereasonforcustomerstopaymoreforcoffee.首尾兼顾一段尾:知段意在段良 X 先描述细节，后归纳概括，段落中心首尾兼顾”法段中间：先用一句或几句话引出要表达的主段首：说明文和议论文的主题句常在段首首尾兼顾一段尾:知段意在段良 X 先描述细节，后归纳概括，段落中心首尾兼顾”法段中间：先用一句或几句话引出要表达的主抓住段落主题句抓住段落主题句题，再陈述主题，再论述细节没有明显段落中心时，需要概括段落内容,总结段落主旨第一步段首信息：咖啡馆琳琅满目，咖啡种类繁多，价格不一。第二步段尾定位：越来越多的西方消费者宁愿多付钱确保生产的道德性和可持续发展性。第三步对比分析：A、B、C三项都是顾客愿意出高价购买的原因。D项具有概括性，故选D。

考法3文章大意题一一“主题归纳”法考点揭秘设问方式语篇类型概括文章大意，要细读文章首段、段落首句、每段的主题句或者文章结论句。注意寻找关键词或关键句，然后进行分析、推理和判断。Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?Whatisthetextmainlyabout?故事类、文化教育类、科技环保类、现象说明、科研报告'专题文章、研究报告、专栏文章等。典例片段（2019•山东临沂模考）Abouttenmenineveryhundredsufferfromcolorblindnessinsomeway....Therearedifferentformsofcolorblindness...Colorblindnessinhumanbeingsisastrangethingtoexplain....Someinsectshavefavoritecolors....Inasimilarwayhumanbeingsalsohavefavoritecolors.Yetwearelucky.Withtheaidoftheconesinoureyeswecanseemanybeautifulcolorsbyday,andwiththeaidoftherodswecanseeshapesatnight.Onedaywemayevenlearnmoreabouttheinvisiblecolorsaroundus.Whatisthetextmainlyabout？A.Coloranditssurprisingeffects.B.Womenbeingluckierthanmen.C.Dangercausedbycolorblindness.D.Someinformationoncolorblindness.主题句在段首r- 主题句在段中'借助段落主题句归纳- 主题句在段尾X L .首段（新闻报道、议论文、说明文）借助文章J 主题段归纳尾段（记叙文、议论文）1.抓住文中出现频率较高的主题词借助复现主题词归纳X-借助复现主题词归纳X- /3.确定文章主旨大意k 【技法应用X第一步首段主旨：10%的男人有不同程度的色盲。第二步段落大意：主要介绍关于色盲的信息：色盲有不同形式；色盲这种现象很难解释清楚；昆虫与人类都有喜欢的颜色，人在晚上可以看到形状。第三步对比选项：文中信息“colorblindness”与选项D中的信息一致，故选D。。＞好题即练8（2019・山东潍坊模考）语篇类型：说明文主题语境：植物Plantscannotrunorhide,sotheyneedotherstrategiestoavoidbeingeaten.Somecurluptheirleaves;othersproducechemicalstomakethemselvestastebadiftheysenseanimalsdrooling（垂涎）onthem,chewingthemuporlayingeggsonthem一allsignalsofanattack.Newresearchnowshowssomefloracanfeelaplant—eatinganimalwellbeforeitlaunchesanattack,lettingaplantprepareapreemptive抢先的）defensethatevenworksagainstotherpestspecies.WhenecologistJohnOrroekoftheUniversityofWisconsin一Madisonsprayedsnailslime一aliquidtheanimalsreleaseastheyslidealong一intosoil,nearbytomatoplantsappearedtonotice.Theyincreasedtheirlevelsofanenzyme^E^^酶），whichisknowntopreventplanteatinganimals.“Noneoftheplantswereeveractuallyattacked.”Orroeksays.“Wejustgavethemcuesthatsuggestedanattackwascoming,andthatwasenoughtocausebigchangesintheirchemistry.”InitiallyOrroekfoundthisdefenseworkedagainstsnails;inhelateststudy,histeammeasuredtheslimywarningimpactonanotherpotentialthreat.Theinvestigatorsfoundthathungrycaterpillars（毛虫），whichusuallyeattomatoleavesgreedily,hadnoappetiteforthemaftertheplantswereexposedtosnailslimeandactivatedtheirchemicalresistance.Thisnonspecificdefensemaybeastrategythatbenefitstheplantsbyfurtherimprovingtheiroverallpossibilitiesofsurvival,saysOrroek,whoreportedtheresultswithhiscolleaguesinMarchinOecologia.Thefindingthatasnail,sapproachcancauseaplantresponsethataffectsadifferentanimalmadeRichardKarbancurious,aplantcommunicationsexpert,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Itissignificantthattheplantsarerespondingbeforebeingdamagedandthatthesecuesarehavingsuchfarrangingeffects,”Karbansays.Theresearchwascomprehensive,headds,buthewonderedhowthetomatoplantsfeltchemicalsinsnailslimethatneveractuallytouchedthem.“That,sthemilliondollarquestion，”Orroeksays.Hehopesfutureresearchwillmakeoutthemechanismsthatenableplantstosensetheserelativelydistantcues.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。新的研究表明，植物能感知到动物即将发动的攻击。.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WatchfulPlantsB.GreedyAnimalsC.ASnail,sApproachD.ADefenseAttack答案：A标题判断题。由第一段第三句中的“Newresearchnowshowssomefloracanfeelaplant-eatinganimalwellbeforeitlaunchesanattack”可知，新的研究显示，植物能感知到动物即将发动的攻击。故A选项“警惕的植物”为最佳标题。.JohnOrroeksprayedaliquidintosoilto.A.makenearbytomatoplantsgrowbetterB.givetomatoplantsawarningC.keepplanteatinganimalsawayD.informplanteatinganimalsofdanger答案：B细节理解题。由第二段中的“Wejustgavethemcuesthatsuggestedanattackwascoming”可知是为了警示它们攻击即将来临。.Whyistheexampleof“caterpillars”mentionedinParagraph3?A.Tointroduceanotheranimal.B.Toconfirmtheresultofthestudy.C.Toappealtopeopletoprotectanimals.D.Toanalysedifferentresistancechemicals.答案：B推理判断题。由第三段第二句可知，饥饿的毛毛虫对接触过蜗牛黏液的叶子不再有食欲，所以判断出第三段提到毛毛虫的例子是为了确认研究结果。.WhatdoesRichardKarbanreallywanttoknow？A.Howtomatoplantsbecomeawareofdanger.B.Whatthechemicalsinthesnailslimeare.C.Whethertheresearchisofpracticalvalue.D.Whatthefindingoftheresearchis.答案：A推理判断题。由倒数第二段最后一句中的“buthewonderedhowthetomatoplantsfeltchemicalsinsnailslimethatneveractuallytouchedthem”可知，但是他想知道番茄植物是如何感受到蜗牛粘液中的化学物质，而这些化学物质从未真正接触过它们。所以判断出Richard想知道番茄植物是如何感知危险的。词汇积累strategyn.策略defensen.防卫；辩护activatevt.激活；使活动难句分析第四段第一句：Thefindingthatasnail,sapproachcancauseaplantresponsethataffectsadifferentanimalmadeRichardKarbancurious,aplantcommunicationsexpert,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.译文：蜗牛的接近会引起植物对不同动物的反应，这种发现使RichardKarban这位并没有参与研究的植物交流专家很好奇。分析：这是一个主从复合句。第一个that引导同位语从句，说明finding的内容。第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词response。who引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词expert。专题强化训练（四）（2019•山东模考）MichelleKwanisachampioniceskaterwhohaswonfiveWorldChampionships,nineUSChampionshipsandtwoOlympicmedals,inadditiontocountlessotherskatingcompetitions.Whileaudienceshaveseenherglideeffortlesslyacrosstheice,longhoursofpracticeanddevotioncontributeeachjumpandspin.Kwanbeganiceskatingwhenshewasfiveyearsold,andherskillquicklybecameevident.Attheageofeight,sheskatedseveralhoursaday,everydayoftheweek.Beforeschool,afterschoolandonweekends,shewasattheicerink.Thecostoficetimeandcoachesquicklygrew,butherparentswerecommittedtohersuccess.Herfamilysoldtheirhomeandpurchasedamuchsmalleronetofreeupmoneytopayforhericeskating.WhenKwanwas13,sheperformedatherfirstUSNationalChampionships.Afteradisappointingperformance,shesworetoworkevenharderandimprove.Shedid.Thenextyear,shefinishedsecond.Fromthereshewentontowinasilvermedalatthe1998OlympicsandthefirstofherWorldChampionships.Shefollowedupwithabronzemedalatthe2002OlympicGames.KwanisthemostdecoratedfigureskaterinAmericanhistory.ShewasthesolemembertotheUSFigureSkatingHallofFameandtheWorldFigureSkatingHallofFameclassesof2012,andin2014,shewasappointedtotheHallofFameattheUSNationalCompetition.Evenafterretiringfromskating,Kwanhasnotgivenupherdevotiontolearning,serviceandhardwork.Shereceivedhercollegedegreein2009fromtheUniversityofDenverandispursuinggraduatestudiesininternationalrelationsatTuftsUniversity.Meanwhile,shehasheldseveraldiplomaticandambassadorpositionsrepresentingtheUnitedStatesglobally.Ultimately,whetherontheice,intheclassroomorrepresentinghernation,Kwanpresentsoneconsistentquality—devotion.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了世界冠军Kwan的滑冰经历以及她的执着精神。.WhatdoweknowaboutKwanaccordingtothetext？A.Sheperformedbadlyinherfirstnationalcompetition.B.ShehaswonfiveUSChampionships.C.ShefailedtograduatefromTuftsUniversity.D.Shehasn,twonthesecondplaceinOlympicGames.答案：A 细节理解题。由第三段第一句和第二句可知，Kwan13岁开始第一次参加美国全国锦标赛，在一场令人失望的表现之后，她发誓要更加努力，因此她首次比赛成绩不好。.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeKwan？A.Warm—hearted. B.Energetic.C.Easygoing. D.Devoted.答案：D推理判断题。通读全文，并根据最后一段尾句中的“Kwanpresentsoneconsistentquality—devotion”可知，Kwan是一一个专注的人。.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext？A.TheWaytoSuccessB.AGreatSkaterC.HowtoBeaGoodPlayer?D.WhyIsDevotionImportant?答案：B标题判断题。文章讲述的是世界滑冰冠军Kwan通过不懈努力而成功的经历。skater是关键词，明确地表达了文章的主旨。故选B。词汇积累becommittedto致力于pursuevt.追求consistentadj.始终如一的难句分析最后一段最后一句：Ultimately,whetherontheice,intheclassroomorrepresentinghernation,Kwanpresentsoneconsistentquality—devotion.译文：总而言之，无论是在滑冰时，在课堂上，还是代表她的国家（参赛时），Kwan都呈现出一种始终如一的品质一一专注。分析：这是一个主从复合句。whether...or...“无论……还是……”，引导状语从句。（2019•山东泰安模考）Thenobletreehouse—allnaturalmaterials,solidconstruction,awayfromthetroublesoftheworld.Inamoredangerousimeinhumanhistory,theirpositionabovethegroundwouldprotectthedweller居民）againstenvironmentaldifficultiesandpossiblepredators掠夺者）.Asmodernconstructionhasimproved,thesewoodyresidenceshavebecomelessofapracticaldwellingandmoreofachildren,snovelty.Butnow,thesefunsheltersareappealingtoadultstooandmanyarebookingthemselvesinforafewnightsamongthetreetops.ThesetreehousehotelscanbefoundfromEuropetoAustralia.Bestofall,theycomeinavarietyofinterestingdesigns!Fromthetraditional'fourwallsandaroof'habitation,suchasatTreeHousePoint,inWashington,NorthAmerica,tothemoreartisticNothofagusHotelinChileanPatagoniawhosetwelvesidedwallsmakeitlooklikeabeehive.Ifthatdoesn,tappeal,howaboutatreehut?TheFreeSpiritSpheresresortonVancouverIslandinCanadaallowsgueststostayinoneofthreeyellowspheres球体），whichhangfromtrees.Thecompanywasfoundedin1998byTomChudleigh,whohandbuiltthehutsfromcedarwoodandfiberglass.Notonlyaretheyassafeashousesthey'repopular!MrChudleightellstheBBC.Digs（借宿的地方）whichareoriginalseemtobeabigdraw.InSweden,attheTreehotelnumbershavealsorisen.“Todaywehavesevenroomsandnearly5,000guests,”KentLindvallexplains.Eachofthehousestherewasdesignedtomakeuseofthelightandsurroundings.Andhowaboutanoffice?Microsoft,hopingtogiveitsemployeesthinkingspace,hascommissioned委托）atreebuildingstructurefromPeteNelson,treehousebookauthoranddesignerandbuilderoftreehouses.“Studiesshowpeoplecanworkbetterinnature.Theyaremoreproductive，”saysMrNelson.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了过去人们居住的树屋反而成了现代人休闲放松的栖息处。.Whatisthetextmainlyabout？A.Thedesignsofthetreehousehotels.B.Thefunctionofthetreehouses.C.Thetrendfortreehouses.D.Thefuturedevelopmentofhouses.答案：C主旨大意题。文章介绍了过去人们居住的树屋反而受到现代人的青睐。.Whyhavetreehousesbecomefunshelters？A.Peoplefindfewsafehousestolivein..Theyareofnovelshapeandappealingcolor.C.Therearenoplacesofamusementforchildren.D.Theirconstructionhavegottenmodernized.答案：D细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句"Eachofthehousestherewasdesignedtomakeuseofthelightandsurroundings.”可知，树屋的设计充分利用光照和环境，符合现代人的需求。.ForwhatpurposehasMicrosoftbuiltatreehousestructure?A.Tohelpitsemployeesworkefficiently.Toprovideitsworkerswithbreakresidences.C.Toofferitsworkerslivingconvenience.D.Togivepeoplespacetomakefriends.答案：A细节理解题。由文章最后一句可知，研究表明人在自然环境下工作更有效率。Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Alltreehousehotelshaveinterestingdesigns.Treehousescanmakepeoplesafernowadays.C.KentLindvallhavemadehand—builttreehouses.D.TreehousehotelsinSwedenseemtosucceed.答案：D推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“InSweden,attheTreehotelnumbershavealsorisen.”可以推测出树屋在瑞士很成功。词汇积累residencen.住宅；住处；居住appealto吸引；呼吁productiveadj.有成效的;多产的；生产的难句分析第一段第三句：Asmodernconstructionhasimproved,thesewoodyresidenceshavebecomelessofapracticaldwellingandmoreofachildren,snovelty.译文：随着现代建筑水平的提高，这些木制住宅变得不那么实用，而更像是孩子们的新奇玩意儿。分析：这是一个主从复合句，as引导时间状语从句，意为“随着……”。(2019•宜宾模考)Arecentstudyhaslookedintowhathappensinsideyourbrainwhileyoureadandlistentomusic.Youknowthatthrillyougetwhenlisteningtoyourfavoritemusic?Accordingtothestudy,itseemsthesamethingcanhappenwhileyouarereading,butnotwitheverykindoftext.ProfessorAdamZeman,aneurologistsaid,“TheparticipantslayinanMRIscannerreadingthetexts,thenwecomparedbrainactivityforfivetexts.”Thetextsrangedfromdeadlyboringonestohighlyexcitingones.Astheresearchersobserved,participantsfoundsometextsmoreemotionalthanothers.Whenreadingtheseemotionaltexts,therewashigheractivityinbrainareasassociatedwithpleasureandreward—thesameareasrelatedtothethrillwegetwhenwelistentomusic.Readingpoetryisoftenconsideredareflectiveactivity,butdidthestudyfindanyevidenceofthis?Infact,whentheparticipantswerereadingpoems,theteamfoundtherewasmoreactivityinaparticularbrainareacalledtheDefaultNetwork.“Theseareasseemtobeassociatedwiththingswedowithourmindswhenweareresting,likethinkingaboutwhat,shappenedtousrecently,andthatnetworkseemstobemorestronglyassociatedwithpoetrythanwithessays.”explainsZeman.Thestudyshowsthatthedifferenttextsactivatedifferentareasofourbrainswhenweread.Zemanreflectsthat“thestudydidconfirmwhatwethought,inparticularourbeliefthattheresponsetoliteraturewasgoingtobeabitliketheresponsetomusicintermsofemotion.”篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了我们在读书时大脑的反应和听音乐时大脑的反应相似。.Whatisthestudyabout?A.Readingactivatesemotionslikelisteningtomusic.B.Differenttypesoftextsarousedifferentreflections.C.Allthetextscancausereadersthesamefeelings.D.Readersgetthesamethrillaslisteningtomusic.答案：A细节理解题。通读全文并根据最后一段尾句中的“theresponsetoliteraturewasgoingtobeabitliketheresponsetomusicintermsofemotion”可知，阅读像听音乐一样能激发情感。故选A。.Howdidthescientistmakethediscovery？A.Theycompareddifferentkindsoftexts..Theymadealistofsometypicalexamples.C.Theycomparedlisteningtomusicwithreading.D.Theymadeexperimentsbyinvolvingparticipants.答案：D细节理解题。由第二段第二句和第三段第一句中提到的“participants”可知，他们通过选用一些参与者来进行实验。.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout？A.Readingpoemsarousedparticipants,strongeremotions.B.TheDefaultNetworkisconnectedwithreaders,minds.C.Listeningtomusiccanmakeparticipantsgetstrongthrill.D.Readingessayscancauseparticipantstohavethesamereaction.答案：A段落大意题。由第四段中的“aparticularbrainareacalledtheDefaultNetwork”和“thatnetworkseemstobemorestronglyassociatedwithpoetry”可知，读诗能激发参与者更强烈的情感。Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？A.HavefuninreadingReading,musicandthebrainC.DifferenttextsactivatereflectionD.Reading,similartolisteningtomusic答案：B标题判断题。文章主要对比了我们在读书和听音乐时大脑的反应。B项涵盖了所有的要素，故最适合作标题。词汇积累participantn.参与者emotionaladj.表现强烈情感的；令人动情的reflectiveadj.沉思的；反射的beassociatedwith与 有关难句分析第三段第二句：Whenreadingtheseemotionaltexts,therewashigheractivityinbrainareasassociatedwithpleasureandreward—thesameareasrelatedtothethrillwegetwhenwelistentomusic.译文：当阅读这些动人的文字时，大脑中与快乐和奖励相关的区域的活动更多一一就是与我们听音乐时的兴奋感相关的同样的区域。分析：这是一个主从复合句，whenreading...是状语从句的省略形式。weget是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词thrill。第二个when也引导时间状语从句。(原创题)TheChinesehighspeedrailshaveaqualityallonitsown,becauseit'ssomassive.TherearemorethantwiceasmanyhighspeedtrainsinChinaastherestoftheworldcombined.Firstly,China,stechnologyonbuildingtherailwayisleadingtherestoftheworldandthereisnosignthatanyothercountrycouldsurpassChina,spositioninthenearfuture.Secondly,China,strainsarebasedonJapanese,GermanandFrenchmodels.Atlast,thescaleofChinesehighspeedtrainisunthinkabletoothercountrieswhichhashighspeedtrainnetwork.IhadmyfirstopportunitytoridethehighspeedtrainslastweekwhenIhadabusinessmeetinginZhengzhou.Assomeonewhogrewupwithadisdainforpublictransportation,Iwaslreadingtheexperience.Ipushedhardtofly,butwastoldthatitwouldbemuchbetterifItookthetrain.IhadtraveledonanAmtraktrainbeforeintheUS,andhatedhowslowitwasandhowmanystopstherewere.Chinesehighspeedtrainsareonadifferentlevel.First,whenIsaytheyarehighspeed,Imeantheyarehighspeed.Thetrainsarecleanandtheseatsarehuge.Thereareamplep