重庆市缙云教育联盟2022-2023学年高三8月质量检测英语试题

★秘密·2022年8月19日21：00前重庆市2022-2023学年（上）8月月度质量检测20222022.08【命题单位：重庆缙云教育联盟】注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效；3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回；4.全卷共9页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatdidthewomandolastMonday?A.Shewentsightseeing.B.Shehaddinnerwiththemanoutside.C.Shevisitedherparents.2.Whatisthemandoing?A.Heischoosingsomeschoolsupplies.B.Heisbookingshowtickets.C.Heishavingclasses.3.WhatistheweatherlikeinLondon?A.Itrainsalot.B.It’schangeable.C.It’salwaysfine.4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Husbandandwife.C.Managerandemployee.5.Wherearethespeakersgoingatfirst?A.Acinema.B.Ashoppingcenter.C.Arestaurant.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whatwillthemandothisweekend?A.HaveaninterviewinHuawei.B.Attendameeting.C.Gocamping.7.Whatcanwelearnabout5G?A.5Gphoneshavebeenonmarket.B.Avideocanbedownloadedinseveralminutes.C.Thenetworkconstructionwillbecompletedby2021.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.Howwasthebookstorebuiltaccordingtothewoman?A.Byusingfiberconcrete.B.Byusingtraditionalconcrete.C.Byusingwood.9.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirmajorsinuniversity.B.The3D-printedbookstore.C.ThetraveltoShanghai.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Whatdoweknowabouttheaircraftforblooddeliveries?A.Ithasmoreaccuratedronenavigation.B.Itcan’tensurethequalityofbloodsamples.C.Itcan’tflyinsnow.11.Howmuchbloodcanthedronecarryforanadulteachtime?A.Morethan5,000ml.B.Lessthan4,000ml.C.C.4,000mlto5,000ml.12.Whatmightthemanbe?A.Adriver.B.Adoctor.C.Ascientist.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.Wheredoesthewomanusuallybuythings?A.Inphysicalstores.B.Inlivebroadcastingrooms.C.Inonlineshops.14.Whatdoesthewomanconsidermostwhileshopping?A.Variety.B.Time.C.Money.15.WhatdoesthemanthinkofshoppingonlineinChina?A.Thegoodsarereallycheap.B.Thedeliveryspeedisquitefast.C.Thesellersareveryfriendly.16.Wheredoesthemancomefrom?A.China.B.America.C.England.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.HowlonghasBradleystayedinChina?A.Forabout1year.B.Forabout3years.C.Forabout4years.18.WhatdoesBradleythinkofSanya?A.Crowded.B.Historic.C.Beautiful.19.WhatdoesBradleywanttodomost?A.GainexperiencesasastudentinChina.B.ShowdifferentChineselandscapestoAustralians.C.Winthemost“likes”forphotostoryabouthislife.20.WhatdoesBradleymeanintheend?A.PeoplehavelittleknowledgeofBeijingorShanghai.B.Peoplefromdifferentculturescan’tgetalongwitheachother.C.Peoplefromdifferentcultureswillfindthey’rethesame.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABEIING-AheadofChina’sYouthDay,PresidentXiJinpingwrotebacktoayouthteamworkingonspacestationconstruction,encouragingthemtocontributemoretotheexplorationofspaceandadvancespacescienceandtechnologythroughinnovation.ThefollowingaresomehighlightsofXi’sremarksonspaceexploration.Nov.6,2018Inacongratulatorylettertothethe12thChinaInternationalAviation（航空）andAerospaceExhibition,XisaidtheexhibitiondemonstratedChina’sgreatachievementinspaceexplorationsandexpressedhisbeliefthattheexhibitionwouldgreatlyboostthedevelopmentofglobalaerospacetechnologyandpromoteinternationalexchangesandcooperation.May15,2021InacongratulatorymessageonthesuccessfullandingofChina’sfirstprobeonMars,Tianwen-1,Xisaid,“ThelandingleftaChinesemarkonMarsforthefirsttime.ItisanotherlandmarkprogressinChina’sspaceindustrydevelopment.”Sept.16,2021InacongratulatorylettertotheFirstInternationalSummitonBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystem(BDS)Applications,XisaidChinaiswillingtosharetheachievementsoftheBDSwithallsidesandmaketheBDSbetterservetheworldandbenefithumankind.April12,2022WheninspectingtheWenchangSpacecraftLaunchSite,Xispokehighlyofaseriesofkeyspacemissionslaunchedfromthesite,includingthelaunchingofthespacestationcoremoduleTianhe,theChang’e-5lunarmission,andtheTianwen-1Marsprobe.Heextendedgreetingstoallthestaffstationedatthesiteandaskedthemtoshouldertheirresponsibilityandmakenewbreakthroughs.21.HowshouldspacescienceandtechnologybeadvancedaccordingtoPresidentXi?A．Byworkinghard.B．Byinnovating.C．Throughcooperation.D．Throughexploration.22.WhendidXioffercongratulationsonChina’sfirstlandingonMars?A．OnNov6,2018.B．OnMay15,2021.C．OnSept16,2021.D．OnApril12,2022.23.WhatmessagedoallXi’sremarkshaveincommon?A．Spaceexplorationneedsglobalcooperation.B．Outerspaceisthecommonwealthofhumanity.C．ChinaattainsgreatsuccessinspaceexplorationD．Greatachievementsshouldbesharedglobally.BAir-crashinvestigatorsLarryVanceandAnthonyBrickhousehavedetailsfromcertainjobsrootedintheirmemories.Theycouldtellexactdates,locations,andfightnumberseffortlesslyVance’s“bigone”isSwissAirFlight11in1998.Hewasputinthepositionofdealingwithallthefamiliesfromveryearlyon,manyofwhomheldthehopethattheirrelativescouldhavesurvived.All229passengersandcrewdied.Burningfabric;burningflesh.Thesmellcatchesinyourthroat,andstaysinyourmindlongafteryou’veleftthescene.Investigationscantakeanywherefromdaystoyears.Whatcanaffectpeopleinthesejobsistheongoingemotionaldamage,saidVivienLee,apsychologist.Butmentalhealthassistanceisoftenlackingwithintheindustry.Evidencesuggeststhatinvestigators,likefirstresponders,cansufferfromnegativeemotionaleffects,includingfrequentthoughtsandPTSD(创伤后应激障碍).“Oneemotionoflosingrelativesisanger,”Brickhousereflected.“Andthey’relookingtoyoutofigureoutwhathappenedtotheirlovedones.”Dependingonthesizeofthecrash,thatangercancomealongsidealotofinternationalmediaattention.Butmoreoften,Vancesaid,thequestionshefacesareperhapseventoughertoanswerthanwhatcausedthecrash.“Howdidmylovedonedie?Whatweretheyfelling?Whatweretheyseeing?”Andtougherstill:“Weretheysuffering?”Listeningtotheblackboxrecordingstakesanemotionaldamage.Hesaiditwasmoreunbearablebyknowingthathe’slisteningtothefinalminutesofsomeone’slife.Somepeopleinhisindustrylistentoablackboxrecordingonceandchoosetoneverdoitagain,hesaid.Theknowledgethatthey’redoinganessentialjobcanmakethetougheraspectsoftheworkalittleeasier.“Theendresultofyourworkisthatyoutrytomaketheworldasaferplace,sothatthisdoesn’thappentosomebodyelse,”Vancesaid.24.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheair-crashinvestigators?A．Theyoftengetthroatproblems.B．Theymusthavegoodmemories.C．Theyexperiencedthesameaccident.D．Theyhavetodealwithmanydifficulties.25.Whatshouldbedonetohelptheair-crashinvestigators?A．Helpingthemavoidaircrashes.B．Sendingfirstrespondentswiththem.C．Offeringqualifiedpsychologists.D．Teachingthemhowtocommunicate.26.WhatisthemostdifficultpartinVance’sjob?A．Findingtheblackbox.B．Answeringthequestions.C．Smellingtheburningthings.D．Investigatingthecauseofthecrash.27.Whichwordcanbeusedtodescribetheair-crashinvestigators?A．Generous.B．Easy-going.C．Self-giving.D．Independent.CMostrecently,ZhangChaofanhasbeenhonoredasanationalethicalrolemodelattheGreatHallofthePeopleinBeijing.Overthepastsixyears,Zhanghasdonated1.35millionyuanandraised5.2millionyuanfromthepublictohelpmorethan400peoplewithhealthproblems—includingteacherswithseverecancer,disabledchildrenandautisticchildreninpoorfamilies—learntraditionalChineseculture.Shehasalsomademorethan700publicwelfarespeechesatuniversitiesandinpoormountainareas,teachingpeoplehowtogainself-esteem,confidence,self-relianceandself-improvement.TheyounggirlwasbornwithoutaleftforearminChangchun,JilinProvince,butherconstantdrivetobecomestrongerhasinspiredmanypeople.In2015,ZhangrejectedanofferofpostgraduatestudyfromafamousuniversityandsetupacalligraphyandpaintingschoolinChangchun.Whenshefoundthatsomeparentswereunabletoaffordtheirchildren’seducationfees,shemadethelessonsfreeandbeganproviding300,000yuanannuallytohelpthemthroughherfoundation.“Ithinkit’simportantforteenagerstoreceivequalityeducationbecausetheyarethefutureofthecountry,”shesaid.“Iwillmakegreateffortstohelpthemgetequalopportunitiestopursuetheirdreamsandinspirethemtodotheirbest.”Inearly2020,herschoolstoppedallcoursesbecauseofthepandemic,butshedidn’tstopherpublicwelfareactivities.Sheraisedmaterialsanddonationsworthmorethan8millionyuan.Thenshesentmasks,protectivesuits,anddailynecessitiestomedicalworkers.“Womeninthenewerashouldhavethecouragetocreatevalueandalsohaveasenseofsocialresponsibility,”shesaid.“Itismygreathonortobeelectedasarolemodel.Thiswillbecomeadrivingforceformetoforgeaheadandpassontheseedsofpublicwelfarethroughevengreaterefforts.”28.WhatdoweknowaboutZhangChaofan?A．Shedonatedallhermoneytohelppeopleindifficulty.B．ShewillbeelectedasanationalethicalrolemodelinBeijing.C．Shemademanypublicspeechesatuniversitiesinpoormountainareas.D．Sheprovidedmanyfreelessonsforthechildrenwhocouldn’taffordthem.29.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordscanbestdescribeZhangChaofan?A．Enthusiasticandentertaining.B．Devotedandresponsible.C．Capableandcreative.D．Professionalandtalented.30.WhatwillZhangChaofandointhefutureaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Shewillteachgirlstowinmoreprizesthroughhercourses.B．Shewillinfluencemanygirlslikehertobepaintersandcalligraphers.C．Shewillcontinuehercareerandspreadherpublicwelfareactivities.D．Shewillencouragewomenintheneweratobecourageousandsociable.31.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Onlythestrong-willedgirlcanreachhergoals.B．Disabilityandexperiencemadethegirlstrong.C．Agirlwiththebrokenwingfollowedherdreambravely.D．Kindnessandgenerosityhelpedthegirlbewell-known.DItturnsoutthatsunflowersaremorethanjustaprettyface:theultraviolet(紫外线的)coloursoftheirflowersnotonlyattractpollinators(传粉者),butalsohelptheplantregulatewaterloss,accordingtonewresearch.Theyellowsunflowerisafamiliarsight,butit’shidingsomethingfromthehumaneye—anultravioletbullseye(靶心)pattern,invisibletohumansbutnottomostinsectsincludingbees.Thesebullseyepatternshavelongbeenknowntoimprovetheattractivenessofflowerstopollinatorsbyincreasingtheirvisibility.“Unexpectedly,wenoticedthatsunflowersgrowingindrierclimateshaveflowerswithlargerultravioletbullseyes,andfoundthatthoseflowersareabletokeepwatermoreefficiently.Thissuggeststhattheselargerultravioletbullseyeshelpplantsadapttothesedrierenvironments,”saysDr.MarcoTodesco.Dr.Todescoandhiscolleaguesgrewalmost2,000wildsunflowersoftwospeciesattheuniversityin2016and2019.Theymeasuredthesunflowers’ultravioletpatterns,andanalyzedtheplants’genes,andfoundthatwildsunflowersfromdifferentpartsofNorthAmericahadultravioletbullseyesofverydifferentsizes.Largerfloralultravioletpatternsthathavemoreofthesecompoundscouldhelpreducetheamountofwaterlossfromasunflowerinenvironmentswithlowerhumidity(湿度),preventingtoomuchwaterloss.Inhumid,hotenvironments,smallerultravioletpatternswouldpromotethewaterloss,keepingtheplantcoolandavoidingoverheating.Sunflowersareplantedforvariouspurposes,includengsunfloweroilproduction,aroughly$20billionindustryin2020.Thisresearchcouldhelpaddtoknowledgeabouthowtoattractpollinators,potentiallyincreasingcropyields,saysDr.Todesco.“Thisworkalsohelpsusunderstandhowsunflowers,andpotentiallyotherplants,betteradapttodifferentareasortemperatures,whichcouldbeimportantinawarmingclimate.”32.Whatdoweknowaboutsunflowers?A．Theydon’tneedpollinators.B．Theirflowershavespecialfunctions.C．Theirflowerscandrivetheinsectsaway.D．Theycanbegrowninextremelycoldareas.33.WhatdidDr.Todescoandhiscolleaguesdo?A．Theyanalyzed2000kindsofsunflowers.B．Theyplantedsunflowerstocarryoutresearch.C．TheytravelledtodifferentpartsofSouthAmerica.D．TheyhelpedpeopleinNorthAmericaplantsunflowers.34.WhatisDr.Todesco’sattitudetotheresearchonsunflowers?A．Positive.B．Doubtful.C．Negative.D．Critical.35.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AHiddenFunctionofFlowersofSunflowersB．ResearchersFoundaNewSpeciesofSunflowerC．SunflowersCanChangetheColoursofSunshineD．UltravioletBullseyePatternsAttractMoreInsects第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenweencounterastressfulorfrighteningsituation,ourheartrateincreases,ourbreathquickens,andourmusclesbecometense.36Infact,formostofhistory,wehaveassumedthatthereisalineseparatingournaturalresponseandourlearnedbehavior.Butrecentbrainresearchhasprovedthatourbraincanchangeinstructureandfunctionthroughoutourlife,dependingonourexperiences.Sowoulditbepossibletotrainourbraintocontrolour“naturalresponses,”suchastofear?Oneofthemostsurprisingwaystocontrolourfearresponseisbreathing.Combattrainers,forexample,use“tactical(战术性)breathing”techniquestoprepareFBIagentsforcrisissituations.37Oneversionthatpoliceofficerslearnworkslikethis:Breatheinforfourcounts;holdforfourcounts;breatheoutforfourcounts;holdforfour;startagain.Howcouldsomethingsosimplebesopowerful?Thebreathisoneofthefewactionsthatlieinbothoursomaticnervoussystem(whichwecanconsciouslycontrol)andourautonomicsystem(whichincludesourheartbeatandotheractionswecannoteasilyaccess).38Byconsciouslyslowingdownthebreath,wecanslowdownthenaturalfearresponsethatotherwisetakesover.39SaraLazar,aninstructoratHarvardMedicalSchool,comparedthebrainimagesofmeditators(冥想者)withthoseofnonmeditatingpeople.Shefoundthemeditatorshad5percentthickerbraintissueinthepartsofthebrainthatareusedduringmeditation—thatis,thepartsthathandleemotionregulation,attention,andworkingmemory,allofwhichhelpcontrolstress.Suchstudiessuggestthatmeditators—likedeep-breathingpoliceofficers—mayhavefoundawayforustoevolvepastthebasichumanfearresponse.40A．Theseallhappennaturally.B．Butthismaynotbethecase.C．Sothebreathisabridgebetweenthetwo.D．Howrhythmicbreathingcanactuallychangethebrain?E．Thesearebasicallythesameconceptstaughtinyogaclasses.F．Canwetrainourbraintobetterdealwithlife-threateningsituations?G．Withtraining,itmaybepossibletobecomebetterpreparedforalife-or-deathsituation.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whetherornotwecaretoadmitit,we’reallfamiliarwithprocrastination:waitinguntilthelastminutetocatchupwithpressingtasks.Theantidote(矫正方法)—whileeasiersaidthandone—is41tostartonyourassignmentssooner.Butinyourpursuitof42procrastination,isitpossibletogotoofar?DavidRosenbaum,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofCalifornia,Riverside,certainlythinksso.Hisresearch43onthedangersof“precrastination”,the44torushtooquicklyintotasks.As45toaprocrastinator,whomightleaveaninboxfullofemailsuntoucheduntilthenextday,aprecrastinatorwouldreadand46toeachofthemfirstthinginthemorning.Thiscanmeanreducingalotofamountofthepreciousenergytheymightneedforamoreurgent47lateron.Sowhydopeopleprecrastinate?Rosenbaumsaysthatformost,it’stoughto48reachingforlow-hangingfruit.Whenyoucompletesimpleshort-termtasks,youhaveonefewerthingtothinkabout—“Icanwrapthisupinfiveminutes.Whynot49itnow?”Thereal50ofprecrastinationcomeswhen,inyourrushtofinish,youencounterthenaturallyhigherchanceofdoingyourworkincompletelyorinaccurately.Inthe51ofemails,sometimeswaitingtorespondcanshowrespectfor52thoughtoverexpediency(权宜之计).Ofcourse,precrastinationisnotwithoutitsbenefits,butit’s53todosoonlywhenitmakessense.Chronicprecrastinatorsmustalsorealisethatit’sOKtosetunimportantthingsaside,becausetheywillnotrequirehugemental54laterintheday,Rosenbaumsays.Besides,itshouldbeagreedinoursocietythatit’sOKtobeallowedto55.41.A．entirelyB．simplyC．totallyD．roughly42.A．beatingB．improvingC．achievingD．blaming43.A．callsB．reliesC．focusesD．agrees44.A．attitudeB．tendencyC．solutionD．answer45.A．devotedB．relatedC．regardedD．opposed46.A．applyB．appealC．respondD．refer47.A．taskB．appointmentC．messageD．talk48.A．keepB．resistC．practiseD．start49.A．getholdofB．makeuseofC．makesenseofD．takecareof50.A．disadvantageB．struggleC．benefitD．reason51.A．faceB．controlC．caseD．name52.A．idealB．suddenC．efficientD．careful53.A．criticalB．relevantC．objectiveD．ambitious54.A．healthB．processC．developmentD．energy55.A．speedupB．slowdownC．showupD．fadeaway第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。McDonald’s,BurgerKingandmanyotherfastfoodchainsusethecolorredheavilyintheirlogos.Colorisoneofthe56(method)companiesusetoconnectwithcustomers.Afterall,we’re57visualspecies.AccordingtomarketingcompanyWebPageFX,nearly80%ofconsumerssaythatcolorsare58givebrandsmemorablerecognition.Theaveragehumancanseetenmillioncolors,butredisspecial.Infact,manyculturesallovertheworldviewred59(positive).It’samongthefirstcolorsthatourancestorsthoughtimportantenough60(name).Backbeforealphabetsandwriting,there61(be)wordsfor“black”and“white”and“red”butnotmuchelse.Asaresult,wehavea62(deep)connectiontoredthananyothercolorinourlife.Researchershavefoundthatredcancauseasenseof63(urgent).Ontopofthat,italsohasanabilitytoincreaseourappetite.Therefore,thecolorred64(use)toattracthungrycustomerswhowantfood,fast.JustthinkwhatMcDonald’swouldlooklike65blue,green,orpink!It’sjustnotthesame,right?第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假如你是李华，非常关心野生动物的保护工作，请你根据以下要点给