2019译林版高中英语选择性必修二Unit1 The mass media 知识清单（教师版）

。。。阅读单词认读minimumn.最小值，最少量adj.最低的，最小的maximumn.最大量，最大限度adj.最高的，最多的discriminationn.辨别力，识别力；歧视，区别对待elevationn.提高；提升；海拔slogann.标语，口号brandn.品牌；类型；烙印ambassadorn.大使，代表estaten.住宅区；(通常指农村的)大片私有土地；个人财产，(尤指)遗产重点单词识记trapvt.使落入险境；卡住，绊住n.陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境，牢笼releasevt.发布；释放；松开；发泄n.释放；发行；排放，泄漏ambulancen.救护车extendvi.&vt.延伸(距离)；扩大；延长；伸展dozenn.许多；(一)打；十来个minoradj.轻微的，次要的bathn.洗澡，洗浴；浴缸，浴盆screamvi.&vt.尖叫；高声喊；发出大而尖的声音n.尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音barkvi.(狗)吠叫vt.厉声发令n.(狗)吠声；短促响亮的人声；树皮chokevt.&vi.(使)窒息；(使)哽咽，(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来cigaretten.香烟carpetn.地毯；覆盖地面的一层厚东西priorityn.优先事项，首要事情；优先权，重点contradictvt.相矛盾，相反；反驳，驳斥instancen.例子，事例falseadj.错误的，不真实的；非天生的；假的，伪造的；不真诚的sumn.金额，款项；总和，总数；全部citizenn.公民；市民，居民foundvt.创建，创办；建立，兴建politicsn.政治，政治事务；(个人的)政治观点，政见accusevt.谴责，控诉taxn.税，税款vt.对……征税，使纳税mountvi.逐步增加vt.攀登，爬上n.山draman.戏剧；戏剧性事件scholarshipn.奖学金；学术categoryn.类别，种类neverthelessadv.尽管如此witnessvt.&vi.是发生……的时间(或地点)，见证；目击；作证；是……的迹象n.目击者，见证人；证人editionn.版本；一份，一期；版次platformn.计算机平台；站台，月台；讲台，舞台interactionn.互动；互相作用membershipn.(统称)会员，会员人数；会员资格chartn.图表；海图；(thecharts)排行榜vt.记录；制订计划；绘制区域地图broadcastn.广播节目，电视节目vi.&vt.(broadcast,broadcast)播送，广播；散布，传播channeln.途径，渠道；电视台；频道；方法；水渠peakadj.高峰时期的，最高度的n.顶峰，高峰；山峰；尖端vi.达到高峰，达到最高值boostvt.使增长，使兴旺n.增长，提高；帮助，激励purchasevt.买，购买n.购买，采购；购买的东西，购买项目memorableadj.难忘的，值得纪念的teapotn.茶壶placementn.放置；安置ratingn.收视率；等级，级别sponsorvt.赞助；主办；为慈善活动捐款；资助n.赞助商；为慈善活动捐款的人absorbvt.理解，掌握；吸收；吸引全部注意力discountn.折扣vt.打折出售tailorvt.专门制作，定做n.裁缝housingn.住房，住宅amusevt.(提供)消遣；逗笑核心词汇拓展criticaladj.批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的→criticn.批评家；评论家；评论员→criticallyadv.批判性地→criticismn.批评，指责→criticizevt.批评，批判constructionn.建筑，建造；建造物→constructvt.建设；修建automaticadj.自动的；无意识的，不假思索的→automaticallyadv.无意识地；自动地investigatevt.&vi.侦查，调查；研究→investigationn.调查；研究journalistn.新闻记者，新闻工作者→journalismn.新闻业，新闻工作factualadj.事实的，真实的→factuallyadv.真实地→factn.事实differvi.相异；意见相左→differentadj.不同的→differentlyadv.不同地→differencen.不同之处conclusionn.结论，推论；结束，结果；签订；达成→concludevt.&vi.结束；推断出accurateadj.正确无误的；精确的→accuratelyadv.精确地；准确地→accuracyn.准确(性)；精确(程度)committedadj.尽心尽力的→commitmentn.承诺，许诺；献身，投入；花费→commitv.犯(罪)；承诺，忠于(某人)curiosityn.好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品→curiousadj.好奇的→curiouslyadv.好奇地professionn.行业，职业；同行；宣称，声明→professionaladj.专业的；职业的n.专业人员advertisingn.广告活动，广告业→advertisementn.广告，启事；广告活动，广告宣传→advertisevt.&vi.做广告，登广告；公布，征聘；展现，宣传→advertisern.广告商persuasionn.说服，劝说；信仰→persuadevt.说服；使信服→persuasiveadj.有说服力的psychologyn.心理，心理特征；心理学→psychologicaladj.心理的；精神上的；心理学的→psychologicallyadv.心理上地；心理学地核心短语速记dozensof很多，许多comeabout发生forinstance例如，比如bringsth.tolight揭露，披露sumup总结，概括becommittedto致力于mountup(尺寸和数量上)增加，上升springup迅速出现，突然兴起getacross被传达，被理解，把……讲清楚brightenup(使)增添乐趣；使更艳丽housingestate住宅区，住宅群putout扑灭，生产breakout爆发relyon依靠；依赖take...asanexample以……为例intermsof...谈及，就……而言immigrationn.移民importvt.&n.进口，输入incorrectadj.不正确的；错误的indicatevt.指示；表明industryn.产业Thefire,whichisthoughttohavestartedfromthe8thfloor,spreadquicklythroughthetowerblockonSundaynight,leavingpeopleontheupperfloorstrapped.(leave＋宾语＋宾补)周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的，很快蔓延至整座公寓大楼，把九楼以上的人们困在了里面。IwasabouttohaveabathwhenIheardpeoplescreaminganddogsbarking.(beabouttodo...when...)我正要洗澡，就听到有人尖叫，还有狗在叫。Themorewelikethebrandambassador,themorewewillbeattractedtobuytheproduct.(the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...)我们越喜欢这位品牌大使，就越会受其吸引而去购买相关产品。Notonlywillthismakethemfeelmorevaluedandenablethemtoseewhattheyaremostinterestedin,butitwillalsohelpcompaniestargettheircustomersmoreefficientlytohaveapositiveeffectonsales.[notonly...but(also)...倒装句型]这不仅会让消费者觉得自己更受重视，还能让他们看到自己最感兴趣的内容，此外也能帮助公司更加有效地锁定目标客户，从而对销售量产生积极影响。Thoughitwasthefirsttimemanyofthestudentshadtakenpartinavolunteerprogrammelikethis,theywereeagertosharevariousinterestingtopicswiththeresidents,...(Itis/wasthefirst/second...timethat...)虽然这是许多学生第一次参加这样的志愿者项目，但他们很渴望与住在养老院里的人们分享各种有趣的话题……请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。comeabout,dozensof,witness,bringsth.tolight,trapZhouYang,ajournalist,hasbeencommittedtojournalismsincegraduation.It’ssaidthathehasbroadcast1.dozensofaccuratenewsreports,whichareallbasedonfactualinvestigations.Forinstance,onceabigfire2.cameaboutinahousingestate.Thenthecommunitygotintoamess,dogsbarkingandresidentsscreaming.Fortunatelyonarrivingthere,herealizedtheambulanceandthefirefightershadarrived.Theinjuredwereevidentlyinpainandchoked.Doctorsandfirefighterswerebusyrescuingthe3.trappedpeople.ZhouYangimmediatelyinvolvedhimselfininvestigatingthecauseofthefire.However,different4.witnessesgavedifferentexplanations.Somesaiditwasacigaretteendthatlitacarpet.Butothersaccusedanagingelectricwireofcausingit.Inordernottogiveafalsenewsreport,hemadefurtherinvestigations.Withhiseffort,thetruthwas5.broughttolight.Thescoopwasreleasedandbroadcastintime,gettinghighratings.Hiscommittedspiritstohisprofessionearnedhimadmirationandrespectfromhiscolleaguesaswellasthecitizens.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇trapvt.(trapped,trapped;trapping)使落入险境；卡住，绊住n.陷阱；圈套；困境，牢笼；捕捉器o(doing)sth.使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套；使某人中计be/gettrappedin被困在……中fallintothetrapofdoingsth.落入做某事的圈套Gasesandmineralstrapped(trap)intheiceattractmanyexplorers.Manyfalseadvertisementstrappedusintobuying(buy)theinferiorproducts.Don’tfallintothetrapofinvestingallyourmoneyinoneplace.Hewastrappedinthetrafficandwaslateforthetest.→Trappedinthetraffic,hewaslateforthetest.(用分词短语作状语改写)用法点拨：表示“被困于……中”的短语还有：be/getcaughtin;be/getstuckin。constructionn.建筑；建造；建造物(constructv.建造；修建)underconstruction在建设中Thenewchanneldesignedbythefamousarchitectisunderconstructionnow.Thenewairportwhichisbeingconstructedliesintheeastofthecity.→Thenewairportwhichisunderconstructionliesintheeastofthecity.用法点拨：“under＋n.”常表示正在进行的动作，而且包含着被动含义，相当于进行时的被动语态。常用的还有：underrepair在修理中，underconsideration在考虑中，underdiscussion在讨论中。differvi.相异，不同；意见相左(differentadj.不同的，有区别的differencen.不同之处，区别)differfrom与……不同differinsth.在某方面不同AbedifferentfromBinsth.在某方面A和B不同makeadifference(tosb./sth.)(对……)有影响；起作用tellthedifference区分，辨别Walkinganhoureverydaymakesabigdifferencetoourhealth.(话题写作之运动与健康)西方国家的习俗和中国的习俗有着明显的区别。CustomsinwesterncountriesdifferobviouslyfromthoseinChina.(differ)CustomsinwesterncountriesareobviouslydifferentfromthoseinChina.(different)ThereareobviousdifferencesbetweencustomsinwesterncountriesandthoseinChina.(difference)conclusionn.结论，推论；结束，结果；签订，达成(concludev.得出结论；断定，推断出；结束)draw/cometo/arriveat/reachaconclusion得出结论inconclusion总之concludefromsth.从……中得出结论conclude...with...以……结束……Heconcludedhisspeechwithafamoussaying“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”Inconclusion,weshouldgiveasecondthoughttotheseratingsbeforebuyingsomeproductsorservices.我从我自己的经历中得出结论：有志者，事竟成。Idrew/cameto/arrivedat/reachedaconclusionfrommyownexperiencesthatwherethereisawill,thereisaway.(conclusion)Iconcludedfrommyownexperiencesthatwherethereisawill,thereisaway.(conclude)committedadj.尽心尽力的[commitmentn.投入；献身；承诺，花费commitv.犯(罪)；承诺，忠于(某人)]becommittedto(doing)sth./commitoneselfto(doing)sth.致力于做某事；承诺做某事makeacommitmentto(doing)sth.尽力做某事；承诺做某事Hemadeacommitment(commit)tohisstudy,makinghisparentswildwithjoy.Themostawkwardemailmistakesareusuallycommitted(commit)inanger.如果被接纳为志愿者,我将投身于全运会。(应用文写作之申请信)Ifadmittedasavolunteer,IwillcommitmyselftotheNationalGames.(commit)Ifadmittedasavolunteer,IwillbecommittedtotheNationalGames.(committed)accusevt.控诉，控告；谴责；指责accusesb.of...(＝chargesb.with...)指责某人……；控告某人……theaccused被告Theaccused(accuse)wasthoughtofasamurderer,butthejudgefoundhiminnocent.Thecompanywasaccusedofcheatingthecustomersbecausetheyadvertisedthelowqualityproducts.Chargedwithstealingmoney,themanwasbroughttothecourt.＝Accusedofstealingmoney,themanwasbroughttothecourt.witnessvt.当场见到；见证；目击vi.为……作证(to)n.目击者；证人；证据witnessto(doing)...为……作证；出庭证明；证实witnesssth./that...当场看到，目击awitnessof/to...……的目击者/证人/证据ThepoliceweretoldthatMrBlackwastheonlywitnessto/ofthecaraccident.Thepoliceorderedthetwowitnesses(witness)totellthemhowthefirecameabout.过去几年见证了你在英语方面给予我的帮助。(2019·浙江,应用文写作)ThepastfewyearshaswitnessedyourhelpwithmyEnglish.persuadevt.说服；劝说；使信服；使相信(persuasiveadj.有说服力的persuasionn.说服，劝说；信仰)persuadesb.todosth.＝odoingsth.说服某人做某事persuadesb.nottodosth.＝persuadesb.outofdoingsth.说服某人不做某事trytopersuadesb.todosth.＝advisesb.todosth.试图说服某人做某事(未必成功)Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’tresistbeingpersuadedintobuying(buy)whattheydon’treallyneed.Myclosefriendpersuadedmenottooppose(oppose)theideahecameupwithatthemeeting.＝Myclosefriendpersuadedmeoutofopposing(oppose)theideahecameupwithatthemeeting.在被说服改变态度之后，我终于做出承诺要好好学习。Havingbeenpersuadedtochange/intochangingmyattitude,Ifinallymadeacommitmenttostudyinghard.absorbv.吸收(液体、气体等)；使全神贯注；使并入，吞并；理解(absorbedadj.全神贯注的)absorboneselfin全神贯注于absorb...from...从……中吸收……o...把……吸入/并入……be/getabsorbedin全神贯注于Plantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheairandreleaseoxygen.Thiskindofcreamiseasilyabsorbedintoskin,whichmakesitsellverywell.Tomwassoabsorbedinhisworkthatheforgothispromisetoaccompanymetothecinema.SoabsorbedwasTominhisworkthatheforgothispromisetoaccompanymetothecinema.(so...that...引导的倒装句)Soabsorbedinhiswork,Tomforgothispromisetoaccompanymetothecinema.(过去分词短语作状语)getacross被传达；被理解；把……讲清楚getover越过；克服getinto上(车)；进入；陷入getthrough通过；接通电话；熬过(困难时期)getalong/onwith与……相处；进展getdownto(doing...)开始认真(做)……getaround四处走动；(消息等)传播用get短语的适当形式填空：Newssoongotaroundthatthecitizensinthecityaccusedthemayorofcorruption.Itisbecauseshecan’tgetoverhershynessthatyoucan’tpersuadehertosingasonginpublic.Ittookusalongtimetogetacrosstotheforeignerstheprocessofmakingtea.BecauseAnnamadegoodpreparationsforthejobinterview,shefinallygotthroughwithit.Themorewelikethebrandambassador,themorewewillbeattractedtobuytheproduct.我们越喜欢这位品牌大使，就越会受其吸引而去购买相关产品。“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”意为“越……就越……”，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。从结构上看，第一个“the＋比较级...”是表示条件的状语从句；在表示将来意义的情况时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。第二个“the＋比较级...”是主句，用一般将来时。Uptoacertainpoint,themorestressyouareunder,thebetter(good)yourperformancewillbe.一个人读书越多，就会变得越明智。Themoreapersonreads,thewiserhewillbecome.北极熊越靠近我们，我们就感到越害怕。(2020·7月浙江，读后续写)Thenearerthepolarbearwas,themorefrightenedwegot.Notonlywillthismakethemfeelmorevaluedandenablethemtoseewhattheyaremostinterestedin,butitwillalsohelpcompaniestargettheircustomersmoreefficientlytohaveapositiveeffectonsales.这不仅会让消费者觉得自己更受重视，还能让他们看到自己最感兴趣的内容，此外也能帮助公司更加有效地锁定目标客户，从而对销售量产生积极影响。notonly...butalso...用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，意为“不仅……而且……”；其中的also有时可以省略。若连接两个句子，且notonly位于句首时，含notonly的句子要用部分倒装。若连接的两个成分作主语，其谓语动词的单复数通常与就近的主语保持一致。NotonlyIbutalsohedonates(donate)moneytocharitieseveryyear,whichishighlythoughtof.Thepickingactivitynotonlyofferedusgreatpleasureandknowledge,butitalsoprovidedachanceforustofurtherunderstandthehardshipofthefarmers.(2020·全国Ⅱ)→Notonlydidthepickingactivityofferusgreatpleasureandknowledge,butitalsoprovidedachanceforustofurtherunderstandthehardshipofthefarmers.(用倒装句改写)展览不仅能吸引你，还能帮助你进一步了解中国传统文化。NotonlywilltheexhibitionappealtoyoubutitwillalsohelpyouhaveafurtherunderstandingoftraditionalChineseculture.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍trapA.n.陷阱/圈套B.vt.使困住，使落入困境C.vt.使……陷入圈套D.vt.捕捉Itwasreportedthatsomeminersweretrappedundergroundafterthecollapse.BIfeltIhadbeentrappedintoacceptingthetermsofthecontract.CTheonlythingthewolfcoulddowasclimbuptothegroundfromthetrap.AItiscrueltotrapbirdsorwildanimalsforinterestsandourgovernmenthassetlawstoprotectthem.DabsorbA.吸收B.理解，掌握C.吸引，使专心D.吞并Thingsincolourcanoftenabsorbchildren’sattentioneasily.COnehectareofforestcanabsorb23tonsofcarbondioxideperyear.AI’vebeenbusystudyingandtryingtoabsorballthenewthingsaroundme.BMostsmallshopshavebeenabsorbedintobigbusinessesduetotheinfluenceoftheglobalfinancialcrisis.D快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思。Wearegladtohearthatthefamoussingerwillreleasehisnewalbumnextmonth.发行,发布Ittakesthebarkofthreewholetreestomakeenoughofthedrugtotreatasinglepatient.树皮Heshowedgreatdiscriminationinhischoiceoffriends.识别力；辨别力；鉴赏力核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识Itisclaimedthatthenewbridgedesignedbysomefamousengineersisunderconstruction(construct).Itisthedifficultiesyouencounterandyourreactionstothemthatmakeadifferencetoyourlifeinthefuture.Nomatterwhathesaidorwhathedid,inconclusion,heowedyouafavor.I’mtryingtopersuadehimtograsp(grasp)thisgoldenchancetoshowhisfluentEnglish.Heaccusedhisbrotherofbeinglazy,hopingtheirparentsblamedhim.Committed(commit)tohisnewbook,thenovelistcan’tspareanytimetodootherthings.Absorbed(absorb)inhismobilephone,hefelldownonthefrozenroad.Asateacher,themorepatienceyouhave,themore(much)respectyoucanget.Ittooktheteacheralongtimetogetthecomplexmathproblemacrosstothestudents.NotonlysomeresidentsbutalsoTomholds(hold)thebeliefthatthereisnosenseinprotectingthehistoricalsites.单句写作——应用文增分练(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)——越野赛上周日见证了一场意义非凡的越野赛跑。(witness)LastSundaywitnessedanextraordinarycross-countryrunningrace.尽管道路崎岖狭窄，几乎所有的参与者都致力于完成任务。(commit)Despitetheroughandnarrowroad,almostalltheparticipantswerecommittedtofinishingthetask.当看到一些人停下来时，同学们说服并鼓励他们继续前进。(persuade)Whenseeingsomepeoplestop,theclassmatespersuadedandencouragedthemtokeepon.总之，这项活动受到了高度的赞扬。(conclusion)Inconclusion,theactivitywashighlypraised.它不仅能唤起我们增强自己体质的意识，还能增强我们的毅力。(notonly...butalso...)Notonlycanitarouseourawarenessofbuildingourselvesup,butitcanalsostrengthenourperseverance.微型写作——续写提能练[教材续写语料]人物描写journalistn.新闻记者，新闻工作者curiosityn.好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品citizenn.公民；市民，居民committedadj.尽心尽力的动作描写screamvi.&vt.尖叫；高声喊；发出大而尖的声音barkvi.(狗)吠叫vt.厉声发令witnessvt.&vi.是发生……的时间(或地点)，见证；目击；作证；是……的迹象broadcastvi.&vt.(broadcast，broadcast)播送，广播；散布，传播环境描写housingestate住宅区，住宅群ambulancen.救护车memorableadj.难忘的，值得纪念的[续写语料运用]请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。在一个雨夜，医生汤姆下班回家。他走近一处住宅区，听到一只狗在吠叫。然后，他似乎听到有人在尖叫。出于好奇，他环顾四周，看到一个人躺在地上。他走向前，看看发生了什么。意识到这个人心脏病发作了，汤姆迅速对他进行了急救。不久，救护车来了，并把那个人带到了医院。对他来说，这是一个令人难忘的夜晚。第二天，汤姆很惊讶这件事在电视上播出了。他被告知他救下的那个人是一名很敬业的记者。Onarainynight,Tom,adoctor,wentbackhomeafterwork.Approachingahousingestate,heheardadogbarking.Andthen,heseemedtohearsomeonescreaming.Outofcuriosity,helookedaround,witnessingamanlyingontheground.Hecameuptoseewhathadhappened.Realizingthemansufferedfromheartattack,Tomgavehimfirstaidquickly.Soon,theambulancearrived,andtookthemantothehospital.Forhim,itwasamemorablenight.Thenextday,TomwassurprisedthattheincidentwasbroadcastonTV.Hewastoldthatthemanhehadsavedwasacommittedjournalist.词形变化填空（每小题2分，共14分）Togetmoreevidence,thelawyerinvestigatedmanywitnesses.Afterinvestigation,hegotsomeusefulproof.(investigate)Fromtheappearance,wecannottellthedifferencesbetweenthetwins,thoughtheyalwayshavesomedifferentideas.(differ)Afterhewascriticizedbythecritic,herealizedthatcriticismwasveryimportant.(criticize)Thechildaskedcuriously,“Whydoesthemoonmovearoundthee