英语八年级上册Unit18上unit1A1

Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?一般过去时知识结构构成用法常用时间动词的过去式1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。yesterdaylastnight/week/time..…daysagoOnSundaymorning一般过去时am(is)→wasare→were陈述句：Hewasathomeyesterday.否定句：Hewasn’tathomeyesterday.疑问句：Washeathomeyesterday?Yes,hewas./No,hewasn’t.系动词be的过去时：陈述句：主语+动词过去式+其它Igotothemovie.→Iwenttothemovie.否定句：主语+助动词didn’t+动词原形+其它Idon’tgotoschooltoday.→Ididn’tgotoschool.一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其它?Doyouhavebreakfast?→Didyouhavebreakfast?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.Yes,Idid./No,Ididn’t.行为动词的一般过去时:构成规则原形过去式一般在动词原形末尾加-edworkplayworkedplayed结尾是e的动词加-dhopelivehopedlived末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-edstoptripstoppedtripped结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变“y”为“i”再加-edstudyworrystudiedworried规则动词过去式的构成规则动词过去式词尾-ed的读音读音规则读音例词在浊辅音和元音后面/d/moved/mu:vd/

在清辅音后面/t/passed/pa:st/在t,d后面/it//id/needed/'ni:did/清念/t/,元浊/d/;/t//d/之后念/id/动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事；be用was或用were,have,has变had；谓语动词过去式，过去时间坐标志；一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单，主语之后didn’t添；疑问句也不难，did放在主语前；如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原；动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。

巧记一般过去时动词过去分词不规则变化见八上书142页SectionA11a-2dWarmingupWatchthevideo.PresentationWhatdidyoudoduringsummervacation?IwenttoBeijingforvacation.Iwenttothemountains.Iwenttosummercamp.Istayedathome.Ivisitedmuseums.Iwenttothebeach.Matching1.stayedathome__2.wenttoNewYorkCity__3.visitedmyuncle__4.wenttosummercamp__5.wenttothemountains__6.wenttothebeach__7.visitedmuseums___bdcgaeMatchtheactivitieswiththepictures[a-g].1afListenandnumberthepeopleinthepicture(1-5).Listening1.Tina2.XiangHua3.Sally4.Bob5.Tom43251bPairworkMakeconversationsaboutthepeopleinthepicture.WheredidTinagoonvacation?Shewenttothemountains.Wheredid…goonvacation?She/He…1cWheredidyougoonvacation?Iwenttothemountains.PracticeMakeyourownconversations.Wheredidyougo?IwenttotheGreatWall.Pre-listeningLookatthetable.Howmanypeoplearementionedintheconversations?Whataretheirnames?PeoplePlacesGraceKevinJulieLookatthepicture.Wherewasthisgirl?ListeningListen.Wheredidthepeoplegoonvacation?Completethechart.2aPeoplePlacesGraceKevinJulieNewYorkCitythebeachstayedathomeListenagain.Check(√)

Yes,Idid

or

No,Ididn’t

foreachquestion.2bDidyou…Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’tGracegowithanyone?gotoCentralPark?buyanythingspecial?√√√Didyou…Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’tKevinplayvolleyball?swim?meetanyoneinteresting?√√√Didyou…Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’tJuliedoanythinginteresting?studyfortests?gooutwithanyone?√√√Listentoconversation1andcompletetheblanks.Gracewentto_______________forhervacation.Shewentwith_____________.ShewenttoCentralPark,andshebought_______forherfather.NewYorkCityhermotherahatKevinwenttobeachforhisvacation.Hedidn’tplay__________,buthewent___________.Thefoodtheretastedreallygood.Andhemetsome__________________.Listentoconversation2andcompletetheblanks.volleyballinterestingpeopleswimmingJuliestayedathome.Shedidn’tdoanythinginteresting.Shestudiedfor______.Becauseeveryonewasonvacation,she_______gooutwithanyone.Listentoconversation3andcompletetheblanks.testsdidn’tPairworkRole-playconversationsbetweenGrace,KevinandJulie.2cA:Grace,wheredidyougoonvacation?B:IwenttoNewYorkCity.A:Oh,really?Didyougowithanyone?B:Yes,Iwentwithmymother.Kevin,wheredidyougoonvacation?I...Oh,really?Didyougowithanyone?Yes,I...Julie,wheredidyougoonvacation?I...

Oh,really?Didyougowithanyone?Yes,I...2dReadingReadtheconversationandmatchthepeoplewiththerightplace.HelenRickRole-playRole-playtheconversation.Rick:Hi,Helen.Longtimenosee.Helen:Hi,Rick.Yes,Iwasonvacationlastmonth.Rick:Oh,didyougoanywhereinteresting?Helen:Yes,IwenttoGuizhouwithmyfamily.Rick:Wow!DidyouseeHuangguoshuWaterfall?adv.在任何地方Helen:Yes,Idid.Itwaswonderful!Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.Whataboutyou?Didyoudoanythingspeciallastmonth?Rick:Notreally.Ijuststayedathomemostofthetimetoreadandrelax.adj.精彩的；绝妙的adj.&pron.不多；很少相当多；不少Languagepoints1.Didyoubuy

anythingspecial?在英语中，anything,something,nothing和everything是用于指代事物的复合不定代词，与之相对应的复合不定代词anyone,someone,noone和everyone(anybody,somebody,nobody和everybody)用于指人。与形容词连用时，形容词必须置于复合不定词之后，语法上称作“后置”。e.g.Icansee____________inyourgroup.

我在你团队里看到一个新人。There’s__________________inthenewstoday.

今天没什么有趣的新闻。someonenewnothinginteresting2.Didyougo_____________________?

你去任何有趣的地方了吗？anywhereadv.

意为“在任何地方”，常用于一般疑问句或否定句中，代替somewhere。e.g.Ican’tfindmykeysanywhere.(翻译)

我到处找也找不到我的钥匙。anywhereinteresting3.Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.afew意为“一些，若干（=some）”，后跟可数名词复数形式。quiteafew意为“相当多；不少（=many）”后跟可数名词复数形式。e.g.

__________areplayingvolleyball.

几个女孩正在打排球。Thereare______________intheforest.

在那片森林里有很多鸟。Afewgirlsquiteafewbirdsfew、afew、little、alittle的区别和联系：

few/afew用来修饰可数名词,few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；

afew表示有肯定意思，有几个。例如：

Hehas___________here.Hefeelslonely.

他这里没朋友。他感觉寂寞。Thereare___________inthebasket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋.afeweggsfewfriendslittle/alittle用来修饰不可数名词,little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。

alittle

表示肯定意思，有一点儿。例如：

Thereis________inkinmybottle.Canyougiveme_________ink?

我的瓶子里没有墨水了,你能给我点儿墨水吗?littlealittle【牛刀小试】—IsyourfriendMichaelstillinAustralia?—Idon’tknow.Ihave________informationabouthimbecausewehaven’tseeneachotherfor________years. A.alittle;afew B.little;afew C.afew;that D.few;alittle4.Ijuststayedathomemostofthetimetoreadandrelax.

most意为“_________”，后跟可数名词或不可数名词均可。e.g.Moststudentsgotoschoolonfoot.（翻译）

大多数学生步行去上学。大多数most+名词

泛指多数，无范围；most+of+the(this/that/those/these等)名词，指某一范围内的多数。

e.g.______