河南省豫南名校2021-2022学年高二下学期期末联考英语试题（解析版）

高二期末英语试题考生注意:1.本试卷共150分,考试时间120分钟。2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onaship. B.Onaplane. C.Onabus.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning.IamAmanda.Iwillprovidetheserviceforyou.Welcomeaboard!M:I’vegotseatA6,butIdon’twanttositoverthewingbecauseIcannotseetheviewoutside.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whichplacedoesthewomanwanttogoto?A.Abank. B.Apark. C.Ahotel.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:CanIgettotheSheratonHotelfromhereonfoot?M:Sure.It’snotfar.JustgotofourthAvenue.TurnrightatthebankonMainStreet.Itisonyourright,nearthepark.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchdidthemanpayfortheicecream?A.$1. B.$9. C.$10.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Thatwasexpensive.Ionlygotonedollarchange.WhenIwasyoung,evenfivedollarswouldhavebeenacrazypriceforanicecream.W:Yougavehimtendollars?Surely,hehasmadeamistake.Gobackandask.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthewomangototheartschool?A.Todopart-timework.B.Totakepaintingclass.C.Topickuphergrandma.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Susan,Iheardyouaretakingpaintingclassnow.W:No.It’snottrue.Ioftengototheartschoolbecausemygrandmaistakingacoursethere.Ineedtotakeherhomeinmycar.That’swhysomepeoplethinkI’mtakingclasstherenow.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanwant?A.Somethingtoeat. B.Somethingtowash. C.Theman’sfridge.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Ifeelhungry,Dario.Doyouhaveanyfoodinyourfridge?M:IthinkthereisonlyabottleofCokeinthefridge.IwassobusylastweekthatIdidn’thavetimetogotothesupermarket.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下对话。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thebrokenfrontdoor.B.Thebadconditionofthehouse.C.Thewoman’sopiniononthehouseowner.7.Whathappenedyesterday?AThewoman’scatgotlost.B.Patcametothehousetoreplacethepipe.C.Themanspeakercameintothehousesecretly.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Susan,how’sitgoing?W:Terrible.I’mreallyunhappyatPatthehouseowner.Heoftencomesintothehousewithouttellingme.WhenIcamehomeyesterday,thefrontdoorwaswideopen.Patwaschangingthepipe,buthedidn’teventellme.M:Atleasthefixedthepipe.W:Butit’sterriblenotknowingwhenPatisgoingtoshowup.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下对话。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whydoesthewomanrefusetobuythejackets?A.Theydon’tfither.B.Shedoesn’tneedone.C.Shefindsthemexpensive.9.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardstheskirts?A.Satisfied. B.Disappointed. C.Uninterested.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】M:Doyouneedanything,madam?Wehavesomenewjackets.They’reonly$90.W:Oh,they’rereallynice,but$90isalotofmoney.M:Well,whatabouttheseskirts?Oh,look,they’rebeautifulonyou.W:Um...theyreallyare.Howmucharethey?M:They’re$80.No,wait.They’reonsale,50%off.W:50%off?Oh,itlooksgoodonmeandIneedaskirt.OK,I’lltakeone.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下对话。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatisthewoman’strouble?A.Shelacksfashionableclothes.B.Shearguedwithherclassmate.C.Shehasdifficultygettingajob.11.Whatdothewoman’sparentswanthertodo?A.Getapart-timejob.B.Buysomenewclothes.C.Spendmoretimeonherstudy.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisthesamesizeashersister.B.Shewillhaveatalkwithherparents.C.Shedoesn’twanttowearhersister’sclothes.【答案】10.A11.C12.A【解析】【原文】W:Oh,Dennis,whatshouldIdo?M:What’swrong,Julia?W:IdonothavecoolclothesfortheTalentShownextweek.Myclothesareoutofstyle.M:Whynotbuysomenewclothes?W:Idon’thaveenoughmoney.M:Maybeyoucouldgetapart-timejobinyourfreetime.W:No,Ican’t.Myparentswantmetospendmoretimeonmystudy.SoIarguedwiththem.M:Oh,youshouldn’targuewithyourparents.Youshouldtalktothem.Hey,Julia,whydon’tyouborrowsomefromyoursister?Ithinkyoutwoarethesamesize.W:That’strue.Butmysisterdoesn’twantmetowearherclothes.Shewantstobeoriginal.SoIhadanargumentwithhertoo.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下对话。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.HowdomostpeopleintheUnitedStatesgettheirnews?A.Fromtheradio. B.Fromthenetwork. C.Fromthenewspaper.14.Whichcountryhasthelargestgroupofnewspaperreaders?A.France. B.Japan. C.Italy.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthearticle?A.Alittleboring. B.Quiteconfusing. C.Veryinteresting.16.Intheman’sopinion,whogetnewsbyradio?A.Hisgrandparents. B.Hisparents. C.Hischildren.【答案】13.B14.B15.C16.A【解析】【原文】W:Ireadaninterestingarticletheotherday.Ithadalotofdataonhowpeoplegettheirnews.DidyouknowthatintheUnitedStates,only5%ofpeoplegettheirnewsfromtheradio?M:Thatmakessense.Ionlylistentomusicontheradio.Aremostpeoplegettingtheirnewsfromthenewspaperortelevisioninstead?W:Only1%ofpeoplegetitfromnewspapers.MostpeoplegetitfromtheInternetactually.M:Wow,really?Iwouldhavethoughtthatpeoplepreferredgettingnewsfromthetelevision.Whataboutothercountries?Aretheythesame?W:Well,thearticlespokeaboutafewcountries.France,GermanyandItalyactuallyhavethehighestratesoftelevisionnewswatchers.Ofthoseinthestudy,Japanhadthemostnewspaperreaders.M:ThearticleisreallyinterestingIdon’tthinkIknowasinglepersonofouragewholistenstoradionewseither.Mygrandparentsandtheirgenerationaretheoneswhogrewupwiththat.W:It’samazinghowourtechnologyhaschangedmanythingsaboutdaytodaylife.Ibetinonehundredyears,peoplewillgettheirnewsfromsomethingwecan’tevendreamof.听下面一段独白，回答以下对话。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whichplacedoesthespeakerlikebest?A.BigBen. B.TowerBridge. C.TheTowerofLondon.18.WhoisJeanLouismostprobably?A.Thespeakerssister. B.Thespeaker’sfriend. C.Thespeaker’stourguide19.HowoldarethehousesinStratford?A.About500years. B.About1,000years. C.About1,500years.20.Whydoesthespeakergivethemessage?A.TosharehistripontheInternet.B.Tointroducegreatplacestotourists.C.TotalkaboutthehistoryofLondon.【答案】17.C18.B19.A20.A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,everyone!Welcometomyblog.HereisthemessageIpromisedyou.Inthelastthreedays,I,togetherwithmyfriends,wastakenaroundLondoninabus.Itwasfantastic.IsawBigBen,thelionsinTrafalgarSquare,TowerBridgeandtheTowerofLondon.TheTowerofLondonismyfavouriteplacebecauseitisaboutathousandyearsold.ItissaidthattherearelotsofghostswalkingaroundbutIdidn’tseeany!WealsosawallthestatuesoffamouspeopleatMadameTussauds.Thatwasfunny.JeanLouistookaphotographofmestandingnexttoQueenElizabeththeSecond.Tomorrowwe’regoingtoStratfordonAvonwhereShakespearewasborn.Andwe’regoingtoseeoneofhisplays.It’scalledHamlet.TherearethreetheatresinStratfordandwearegoingtoseeitintheRoyalShakespeareTheatre.OurteachertoldusthehousesinStratfordareaboutfivehundredyearsoldandthecountrysideisbeautiful,soI’lltakelotsofphotostoshowyou.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。ASomeoftheMostFamousModernArchitecturesBarcelonaPavilion(Barcelona,Spain,1929)Acantilevered(悬臂式的)roofisthedesignofBarcelonaPavilion.Althoughitwasquitesmall,thearchitectdidhisbesttouseluxuriousmaterials.Oneofthefamouspiecesoffurniture,speciallycreatedforthebuilding,istheBarcelonachair.VillaDirickz(Brussels,Belgium,1933)VillaDirickzhaseye-catchingblockyfeatures,glassworksandwhiteconcretesurroundedbygreenery.Thevillaisequippedwithadvancedfacilitieslikeacinema.Itwasignoredtilladeveloperboughtitin2007anddevotedallpossibleresourcestoitsrepairs.IsokonBuilding(London,UK,1934)Thebuilding,consistingof32apartments,isstillinusetoday.Italsoincludesstaffroomsandalargegarage.Theapartmentshaveasharedkitchenforpeopletopreparefoodfreely.Asharedgalleryisbuiltinthegaragetotellpeopleaboutthehistoryofthebuilding.NeueNationalGalerie(Berlin,Germany,1968)Themuseumhostsanartcollectionthatdatesbacktotheearlyyearsofthe20thcentury.Itstypicalmodernistdesignincludesacantileveredroofandflatappearances.Thebuildingissurroundedbyasculpturedlandscape.21.WhatdoweknowaboutBarcelonaPavilion?A.ItliesinBelgium. B.Itfeaturesitsroof.C.Itissurroundedbysculptures. D.ItisSpain’ssmallestarchitecture.22.WhatcanpeopledoinIsokonBuilding?A.Seemoviestogether. B.Liveinthegarageforfree.C.Cookfood. D.Buyartcollections.23.Whicharchitecturehastheshortesthistory?A.BarcelonaPavilion. B.VillaDirickz.C.IsokonBuilding. D.NeueNationalGalerie.【答案】21.B22.C23.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个最著名的现代建筑。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Acantilevered(悬臂式的)roofisthedesignofBarcelonaPavilion.Althoughitwasquitesmall,thearchitectdidhisbesttouseluxuriousmaterials.(悬臂式屋顶是巴塞罗那馆的设计。虽然它很小，但建筑师还是尽力使用了豪华的材料。)”可知，BarcelonaPavilion的特色是屋顶。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Theapartmentshaveasharedkitchenforpeopletopreparefoodfreely.(这些公寓有一个共享的厨房，供人们免费准备食物)”可知，人们在IsokonBuilding可以烹饪食物。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据各段小标题可知，BarcelonaPavilion建于1929；VillaDirickz建于1933；IsokonBuilding建于1934；NeueNationalGalerie建于1968；故NeueNationalGalerie历史最短。故选D。BTodayisMother’sDay.Allthechildrenhavepreparedamusicalselectiontosingfortheirmoms.Mydad,whoisateacherataprimaryschool,ishelpinganautistic(自闭症)10-year-oldboyholdlongenoughforthesingingtoend.Mydadholdstheboy’shandtightly,andthenfinallyencourageshimtofinishthesinging.Suddenlytheboybitesmydad’shand,rushestothefrontofthestand,anddramaticallycries,“Thatmantriestocontrolme!”Myfatherfeelssurprisedandisataloss.We’veallbeenthere.Howmanytimeshaveourownchildrenbeennaughty,makingushavenochoicebuttoshakeourheadsandavoideyecontactwiththerestoftheworld?Obviouslynoteveryoutbreakhappensatschool.Thereareplentyofstoriesinthesuper-market.Once,Itookmy3-year-oldchildtoseeafunnymoviebutwehadtoleaveearlybecauseofhisnoise.Anothertime,Ilookedhelplesslyupatthefast-foodworkerwhomychildjustcalled“fat”.Iblamedhimasusual.What’sthepointintellingthesestories?Sothenexttimeyourchildmakesnoiseinpublic,instead,youcanjustsmile,tryingtoquiethimorher.Andwhenyournephewstartsrunningupanddowntheaislesatchurch,youcanchaseafterhimwithconfidence,rememberingtosay,“Youarerunningsofastbutpleaseslowdown!”Andwhenitseemslikeallthatanyonehastoofferiscriticism,justrememberthatyouarenotalone.We’vealllivedthroughthesameexperiences.Mostofusunderstandwhatyouaregoingthrough.No,Idon’thavemuchadvice.Justabig“thankyou”forallthemoms,dads,uncles,auntsandfriendswhohaveandknownaughtychildren.Keepgoing—youaredoingagreatjob.24Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A.Bylistingstatistics. B.Bygivinganexample.C.Bymakingassumptions. D.Bymakingacomparison.25.Whatdoestheauthorthinkparentsshoulddowhentheirboysarenaughty?A.Dealwiththemcalmly. B.Beatthemrightaway.C.Criticizethemseriously. D.Asktheteacherstoquietthem.26.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetopeoplewhounderstandnaughtychildren?A.Doubtful. B.Surprised. C.Grateful. D.Negative.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Publicmanners. B.Childeducation. C.Musicinspiration. D.Entertainingstories.【答案】24.B25.A26.C27.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了孩子调皮，让父母为难的情况，作者通过举例子来说明父母应该如何应对这种情况以及感谢所有对此理解的人们。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“TodayisMother’sDay.Allthechildrenhavepreparedamusicalselectiontosingfortheirmoms.Mydad,whoisateacherataprimaryschool,ishelpinganautistic10-year-oldboyholdlongenoughforthesingingtoend.Mydadholdstheboy’shandtightly,andthenfinallyencourageshimtofinishthesinging.Suddenlytheboybitesmydad’shand,rushestothefrontofthestand,anddramaticallycries,“Thatmantriestocontrolme!”Myfatherfeelssurprisedandisataloss.We’veallbeenthere.Howmanytimeshaveourownchildrenbeennaughty,makingushavenochoicebuttoshakeourheadsandavoideyecontactwiththerestoftheworld?(今天是母亲节。所有的孩子都准备了一套音乐选曲，要唱给妈妈听。我的父亲是一名小学老师，他正在帮助一个患有自闭症的10岁男孩坚持到歌声结束。爸爸紧紧地握着男孩的手，最后鼓励他唱完。突然，那个男孩咬了我爸爸的手，冲到台前，戏剧性地喊道：“那个男人想要控制我！”我的父亲感到惊讶和不知所措。我们都有过这样的经历。有多少次，我们自己的孩子调皮捣蛋，让我们别无选择，只能摇头，避免与外界的目光接触？)”结合下文讲述孩子的教育这个主题可推知，作者通过举自闭症男孩的例子来引入文章主题。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sothenexttimeyourchildmakesnoiseinpublic,instead,youcanjustsmile,tryingtoquiethimorher.(所以，下次你的孩子在公共场合制造噪音时，你可以只微笑，试着让他或她安静下来。)”可知，作者认为当孩子淘气的时候父母应该冷静应对。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Justabig“thankyou”forallthemoms,dads,uncles,auntsandfriendswhohaveandknownaughtychildren.Keepgoing—youaredoingagreatjob.(感谢所有的有并且了解顽皮的孩子的妈妈、爸爸、叔叔、阿姨和朋友。继续前进——你们做得很好。)”可推知，作者对理解顽皮孩子的人充满感激。故选C。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“We’veallbeenthere.Howmanytimeshaveourownchildrenbeennaughty,makingushavenochoicebuttoshakeourheadsandavoideyecontactwiththerestoftheworld?(我们都有过这样的经历。有多少次，我们自己的孩子调皮捣蛋，让我们别无选择，只能摇头，避免与外界的目光接触？)”结合文章主要论述了孩子调皮，让父母为难的情况，作者通过举例子来说明父母应该如何应对这种情况以及感谢所有对此理解的人们。可知，文章主要说明了孩子的教育问题。故选B。CMargotdoesn’thaveagarbagecan.Itdoesn’tneedonebecauseMargotsimplydoesn’tcauseanythingtogetthrownaway.Therestaurantdoesn’tallowanytypeofsingleuseplastic.Margot,whichopenedlastyear,isoneofthesmallbutgrowingrestaurantsaroundtheworldaimingtoavoidnotonlyfoodleftovers,butalsoanygarbage.“Foodwastehasbeenincreasingasanissueforrestaurantsoverthelast10years,”saysCalvinBrown.HerunstheSustainableRestaurantAssociation.BasedintheUnitedKingdom,theorganizationhelpsfoodbusinessbecomemoreenvironmentallyresponsible.Hesaysthatfoodwastecontributestoreleasingthegreenhousegas,sothereisstrongmotivationtoreducewasteandhelptheenvironment.IntheUSA,foodwasteandpackingaccountfornearlyhalfofthematerialsenttolandfills.RestaurantsfromMcDonald’stoStarbucksareaddressingthisissuewith“nostrawMondays”andlimitsonsingle-servingplastic,butahandfulofrestaurateursaretryingtogetridofrubbishentirely.There’salsoeconomiccasetobemadeforwastereduction.Onestudyshowsthatrestaurantssavesevendollarsforeverydollarinvestedinanti-wastemethods.Avoidingfoodwasteisthefirstandperhapsmostobviouschallengeforsustainablerestaurants.DougMcMaster,chefatSiloinLondon,onlyservesasetmenu.Thisremovestheworrythatoneparticularitemwon’tsellwell,andwillspoilintherefrigerator.Compost(堆肥)isanecessityaswell.Nolla(meaning“zero”inFinnish)inHelsinki,Finlandisgivingcomposttoitssuppliersaswellasitsdiners.Nollaalsohasfood-trackingsoftwaremorecommonlyusedamongcorporatefoodservicecompaniestokeeptrackofwhatsellsandwhatrots.Sometimesrestaurantscallthemselvesenvironmentallyfriendly,buttheymightjustbeusingthelabel.Calvinofferssomepointersonwhattolookfortomakesurearestaurantistrulycommittedtosustainability.28.WhatdoesMargotfeature?A.Itslargesize. B.Itsopeninghours.C.Itszero-wastegoal. D.Itsplasticgarbagecans.29.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Waysofpackagingfood.B.Theissueofinvestinginservices.C.Theimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.D.Effortsofsomerestaurantstoreducerubbish,30.WhichofthefollowingdoesNollatrytodo?A.Onlyserveasetmenu.B.Hardlyuserefrigerators.C.Supplycomposttoitscustomers.D.Keeptrackofdiners’preferences.31.WhatdoesCalvinthinkrestaurantsshoulddo?A.Expandfoodbusiness.B.Useeco-friendlylabels.C.Savemoneyondealingwithkitchengarbage.D.Contributetosustainabledevelopmentofthefoodindustry.【答案】28.C29.D30.C31.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各地的餐饮业在减少食物垃圾方面为食品业的可持续发展所做出的努力。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Itdoesn’tneedonebecauseMargotsimplydoesn’tcauseanythingtogetthrownaway.Therestaurantdoesn’tallowanytypeofsingleuseplastic.Margot,whichopenedlastyear,isoneofthesmallbutgrowingrestaurantsaroundtheworldaimingtoavoidnotonlyfoodleftovers,butalsoanygarbage.(它不需要垃圾桶，因为Margot根本不会导致任何东西被扔掉。这家餐厅不允许使用任何类型的一次性塑料。去年开业的Margot是世界上小型但不断增长的餐厅之一，不仅旨在避免剩菜，也旨在避免任何垃圾。)可知Margot的特点是它的零浪费的目标。故选C项。【29题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“RestaurantsfromMcDonald’stoStarbucksareaddressingthisissuewith“nostrawMondays”andlimitsonsingle-servingplastic,butahandfulofrestaurateursaretryingtogetridofrubbishentirely.There’salsoeconomiccasetobemadeforwastereduction.Onestudyshowsthatrestaurantssavesevendollarsforeverydollarinvestedinanti-wastemethods.(从麦当劳到星巴克，许多餐馆都在用“星期一没有吸管”和对一次性塑料的限制来解决这个问题，而一些餐馆老板正试图完全清除垃圾。减少浪费也有经济理由。一项研究表明，餐馆在反浪费方法上每投资1美元，就能节省7美元。)”可知文章第三段主要讲的是一些餐馆在减少垃圾方面所做出的努力。故选D项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Compost(堆肥)isanecessityaswell.Nolla(meaning“zero”inFinnish)inHelsinki,Finlandisgivingcomposttoitssuppliersaswellasitsdiners.Nollaalsohasfood-trackingsoftwaremorecommonlyusedamongcorporatefoodservicecompaniestokeeptrackofwhatsellsandwhatrots.(堆肥也是一种必需。芬兰赫尔辛基的Nolla(芬兰的意思是“零”)正在为其供应商和食客提供堆肥。)”可知Nolla努力提供堆肥给它的顾客。故选C项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Hesaysthatfoodwastecontributestoreleasingthegreenhousegas,sothereisstrongmotivationtoreducewasteandhelptheenvironment.(他说，食物浪费导致释放温室气体，所以我们有强烈的动力来减少浪费和帮助环境。)”以及最后一段“Calvinofferssomepointersonwhattolookfortomakesurearestaurantistrulycommittedtosustainability.(Calvin就如何确保一家餐厅真正致力于可持续发展提供了一些建议。)可知Calvin认为餐厅应该对食品工业的可持续发展作出贡献。故选D项。DTheScienceandTechnologyFacilitiesCouncil(STFC)andUniversityofCentralLanca-shire(UCLan)sharefindingsofaprojecttoimprovestudentengagementwithscience,technology,engineeringandmathematics(STEM).It’slongbeenacknowledgedthatstudentsfromdisadvantagedbackgroundsareunder-representedinscience,technology,engineeringandmathematicscareers.Now,researchconductedbyUCLanandfundedbySTFCshowsthecausesofthisproblemandpointstoinnovativesolutions.TheBlackpoolPhysics;Inspire,Engage,Research(PIER)projectfoundthatprimaryschoolchildrenfromlowsocio-economicareasarejustasinterestedinsciencebutlackknowledgeaboutpossiblesciencecareers.ThePIERprojectisfollowingagroupofpupilsastheyprogressfromGrade6toGrade9,usingsurveys,interviewsandotherassessmentstomeasureinterestinscience.Theseinitialfindingssuggestthatattemptstoincreasescienceparticipationamongyoungpeopleshouldnotsimplypromotethesubjectas“fun”or“interesting”.Instead,greaterimpactcouldbeachievedbydemonstratingclearlyhowsciencecanopenpossiblefuturecareeropportunities.Manyofthepupilstakingpartinthestudyunderstoodthatstudyingsciencecouldbeusefulbutfewcouldexplainwhy,suggestinganeedforgreatereducationaboutSTEMcareers.Aswellasbroadeningourunderstandingoftheissue,thePIERprojectissolvingtheproblemheadon.Theteamhascarriedoutavarietyofactivitieseachyearfortheparticipants,including“meetthescientists”events,tripstoUCLan’sAlstonObservatoryaswellasfamilyscienceeventsatschool.LeadResearcherandSTFCFellowinPublicEngagement,ProfessorRobertWalsh,said,“Muchgovernmentpolicytowardsboostingscienceinhighereducationfocusesonanassumedlackofinterestanddesireinlow-socioeconomicgroups.”However,theenthusiasmisalreadythereandthis“hiddenscienceidentity”needstoberevealedandtranslatedintoreal-lifeprospectsfortheseyoungpeople.We’rerecommendingthatprogramsinsteadallowyoungpeopletoexploretheirscienceidentitymorefullyandprovideinnovativewaystodiscoverthejobsthatstudyingsciencemayleadto.32.Whatdopeoplegenerallybelieveaboutpoorstudents?A.TheyhavenointerestinSTEMcareers.B.Theyarenotengagedenoughinscience.C.Theyaremorerepresentativeofscience.D.Theyhavemanycharacterdisadvantages.33.WhatdoesthePIERprojectpaymoreattentionto?A.Assessingpupils’performance.B.Increasingthesurveysofpupils.C.Demonstratingthepotentialvalueofscience.D.Promotingthesubjectas“fun”or“interesting”.34.Whydoestheteamconductvariousactivities?A.Toboostsciencedevelopment.B.Tomeetthepupils’needsforschoolevents.C.Topromoteteachingrelatedcareers’development.D.Toimprovestudents’understandingofSTEMcareers.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhatIstheDefinitionofPIER?B.IncreasePupils’LearningAwarenessC.HowDoesthePIERProjectComeintoBeing?D.ThePIERProjectHelpsPoorPupilsEngageinScience【答案】32.B33.C34.D35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了帮助来自贫穷地区学生更多参与对科学、技术、工程和数学的参与度而展开的ThePIER项目。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It’slongbeenacknowledgedthatstudentsfromdisadvantagedbackgroundsareunder-representedinscience,technology,engineeringandmathematicscareers.(长期以来，人们一直认为，来自弱势背景的学生在科学、技术、工程和数学领域的代表性不足。)”可知人们通常认为一些弱势背景的学生对科学的参与度不够。故选B项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Theseinitialfindingssuggestthatattemptstoincreasescienceparticipationamongyoungpeopleshouldnotsimplypromotethesubjectas“fun”or“interesting”.Instead,greaterimpactcouldbeachievedbydemonstratingclearlyhowsciencecanopenpossiblefuturecareeropportunities.(这些初步发现表明，增加年轻人科学参与的尝试不应该简单地将这一主题推广为“令人愉快的”或“有趣的”。相反，通过清楚地展示科学如何打开未来可能的职业机会，可以获得更大的影响。)可知PIER项目将注意力更多地放在去展示科学的潜在价值上。故选C项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Manyofthepupilstakingpartinthestudyunderstoodthatstudyingsciencecouldbeusefulbutfewcouldexplainwhy,suggestinganeedforgreatereducationaboutSTEMcareers.Aswellasbroadeningourunderstandingoftheissue,thePIERprojectissolvingtheproblemheadon.Theteamhascarriedoutavarietyofactivitieseachyearfortheparticipants,including“meetthescientists”events,tripstoUCLan’sAlstonObservatoryaswellasfamilyscienceeventsatschool.(许多参与这项研究的学生理解学习科学可能很有用，但很少有人能解释为什么，这表明需要对STEM职业进行更多的教育。除了扩大我们对这个问题的理解外，PIER项目也在正面解决这个问题。该团队每年为参与者开展各种活动，包括“与科学家见面”活动、前往乌克兰的奥尔斯顿天文台以及在学校举办的家庭科学活动。)”可知这支团队举办各种活动的目的是为了提高学生对STEM职业的理解。故选D项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“TheScienceandTechnologyFacilitiesCouncil(STFC)andUniversityofCentralLanca-shire(UCLan)sharefindingsofaprojecttoimprovestudentengagementwithscience,technology,engineeringandmathematics(STEM).(科学和技术设施委员会和中央兰卡郡大学分享了一个项目的发现，以提高学生对科学、技术、工程和数学(stem)的参与度。)”以及最后一段““Muchgovernmentpolicytowardsboostingscienceinhighereducationfocusesonanassumedlackofinterestanddesireinlow-socioeconomicgroups.”However,theenthusiasmisalreadythereandthis“hiddenscienceidentity”needstoberevealedandtranslatedintoreal-lifeprospectsfortheseyoungpeople.We’rerecommendingthatprogramsinsteadallowyoungpeopletoexploretheirscienceidentitymorefullyandprovideinnovativewaystodiscoverthejobsthatstudyingsciencemayleadto.(“政府促进高等教育科学的政策都集中在低社会经济群体兴趣和欲望的缺乏上。”然而，这种热情已经存在，这种“隐藏的科学身份”需要被揭示出来，并转化为这些年轻人的现实生活前景。我们建议这个项目让年轻人更充分地探索他们的科学身份，并提供创新的方式来发现研究科学可能带来的工作。)”以及其他三段的主要内容可知文章主要是在围绕着PIER项目如何帮助贫穷的学生更多地从事科学活动展开的。D项“PIER项目帮助贫困学生从事科学研究”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyouevergonetoamuseumorashowandbeencompletelyblownawaybyapiece?Ifyouhaven’t,gooutandgetcultured.I’mastudentattheCollegeofVisualandPerformingArtswherewecreateallkindsofarteveryday.____36____ButIdon’tthinkthosepeopletrulyknowthedifficultiesandstrugglesintheprocessofmakingart.Firstofall,weneedtobeinspired.Youmaythinkthat’seasy.Infact,anythingcanserveasaconceptofaworkofart.____37____Sometimeswewillneedpeople,volunteers,bodiestodosoandfindingwillingpeopletoworkishard.Othertimeswehaveaclearideaofwhatwewantbutwedon’tknowhowtomakeotherpeoplefullyunderstandwhatwe’retryingtogetat.____38____Weneedaspacetobeabletobecreativeandthatcanbetrickytoacquire.Sometimesweneedartsuppliesorcertainequipmentandcostumesandthatcancostmoney.Evenifwedoacquirewhatweneed,visionschangeandmistakeshappensowemightnotendupusingtheresources.Theprocesscantakeweeks,months,andevenyearstobefullyrealized.Oncecompleted,weneedtoshareitandfindanaudienceandprovideanenvironmenttodisplayourwork.____39____Whatifnobodylikeswhatwecreated?Whatifourvisionisn’twhatwethoughtthoughcompleted?Creatingartisanartinitself.Itisreallynotaseasyasmanypeoplethink.____40____It’showweexpressourselvesandhowwecommunicatewiththerestoftheworld.A.Outsidersthinkourjobseasy.B.Weshouldbequietandcreative.C.Wemightchooseotherfieldsaswell.D.Resourcesarealsoahugefactorinmakingart.E.Thehardpartcomeswhenweputourideasintoreality.F.Andthenegativethoughtslovetooverpowerourminds.G.Ittakestime,patienceandspacewhenthingsdon’tgoasexpected.【答案】36.A37.E38.D39.F40.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章开篇提出很多人认为艺术创作的工作很简单，但作者认为这些外行人士不懂艺术创作的艰难之处，并从艺术创作的灵感、资源、时间等方面论述艺术创作工作的不易，最后总结出艺术创作本身就是一件艺术，需要耐心、时间、空间。【36题详解】上文“I’mastudentattheCollegeofVisualandPerformingArtswherewecreateallkindsofarteveryday.(我是一名视觉与表演艺术学院的学生，每天都在创作各种各样的艺术作品)”，下文“ButIdon’tthinkthosepeopletrulyknowthedifficultiesandstrugglesintheprocessofmakingart.(但是我认为那些人并不是真正了解艺术创作过程中的艰辛。)”，说明中间设空处需要填一个意思与其相反相对的表达。A项“Outsidersthinkourjobseasy.(外人认为我们的工作很容易。)”恰好与之对应，下文的thosepeople指代A项中的Outsiders，下文的difficult也与A项中的easy对应。故选A项。【37题详解】上文“Firstofall,weneedtobeinspired.Youmaythinkthat’seasy.Infact,anythingcanserveasaconceptofaworkofart.(首先，我们需要灵感。你可能认为这很容易。事实上，任何东西都可以作为艺术作品的概念。)”提到了艺术创作需要灵感，而任何东西都可以作为艺术作品的概念，这是容易的部分。而下文“Sometimeswewillneedpeople,volunteers,bodiestodosoandfindingwillingpeopletoworkishard.(有时我们需要人、志愿者、人模来做这些，而找到愿意做这些工作的人很难。)”提到很难找到愿意