2022年湖南省永州市大学英语6级大学英语六级

2022年湖南省永州市大学英语6级大学英语六级学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.Accordingmthepassage,socialanxietydisorderisprobablybecauseofacombinationof______.

2.

Indecisionmaking,theFedExExpressalwaysfollowsthecorporatephilosophyof______.

3.

Theauthorsuggeststhat20%ofeachpaycheckbeinvestedinsomethingwith______.

4.

WhichisoneoftheservicesofferedbyKelly?

A.TomakesureyourCVmeetstherequirements.

B.TohelpfilltheCVonline.

C.TohelphandyourCVtothecompanies.

D.Toestablishatimetableforyou.

5.

Mothers'gettingolderand______couldalsoaccountfortheobesityepidemic.

6.AccordingtoSunilBhartiMittal,whatwillrevolutionizethetraditionalmoney-transferbusiness?

A.AllianceoftelephoneoperatorsandMasterCard.

B.Thelargedemandofimmigrantsandmigrantworkers.

C.Sendingmoneybytextmessages.

D.Internationaltelephonenetworks.

7.

Evenwhenyoulosethecustody,youcanstillapplyfor______toyourchildren.

8.

Hisjokesoftenledtoviolencewhenhewasaboy.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.Tobuildyouraudience,you'dbettercatchtheopportunitiestobeacquaintedwithpeopleandtrytocatchtheirattentiononyou.

10.Newdrugsusuallyarenottestedonthepeoplewhoare______.

11.

Schoolofficialsinthispassagethoughtthemaths,scoresoftheirstudents______.

12.Ageodesicdomeisbasicallyasphericalstructurecreatedfromrectangles.

13.

Insomemovieswherealiensarecreatedastheenemyofhuman,theyareusuallymonster-likecreatures.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.Olderpeoplewhomaintainactiverelationshipswiththeiradultchildrenhavelessstressbecausetheyhavesomeoneto______.

15.WhentoWorryAboutaFever

THEPANICKEDCALLwokeDr.SuzanneCorriganat2a.m.Awomancried,"Mychildhasahighfever.WhatshouldIdo?"

TheIrving,Texas,pediatricianquicklyasked:Howoldistheyoungster?Howhighisthefever?"Itturnedoutthatthefevermeasured101degreesrectallytheequivalentof100degreesorally,"saysCorrigan."Andthebaby,a15-month-old,hadfallenbacktoapeacefulsleep.'

Themotherhadworriedthatthefevermightgoupquicklyifshedidn'twakethechildtogivemedication.Corriganreassuredherthatthefeverwasmildandsimplythebody'snaturalresponsetofightingoffaninvader,mostlikelyavirus.Thedoctoradvisedhertoletthebabysleep,unlessothersymptomsappeared.

"Likemanypeople,thismothermistakenlyassumethathavingafevermeansyou'reseriouslyill,"saysCorrigan,oftheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics."Itellpatientsthatfeveritselfisn'tanillness.It'showthebodyrevsuptheimmunesystemtodefendagainstinfection."

Anunreasonablefearofelevatedtemperature,acommonreaction,iscalled"feverphobia"byDr.BartonD.Schmitt,professorofpediatricsatTheChildren'sHospitalinDenver.Fewpeople,saysSchmitt,realizethatfeveritselfisrarelydangerous,andbytreatingitaggressivelywithaspirinoracetaminophen,theymayactuallyslowrecovery.

Herearesixsurprisingfactsaboutfeveryoushouldknowtoprotectyourselfandyourfamily.

1.Theconceptof98.6asthebody's"normal"temperatureisoutofdate.

SaysDr.PhilipA.MackowiakoftheUniversityofMarylandSchoolofMedicine:"Thenormaltemperatureisactuallyarangeratherthanonesinglenumber.Andthere'sagreatdealofindividualvariation."

Thebody'snaturalcircadianrhythmspromptdailytemperaturefluctuationsofaboutonedegreeFahrenheit,butsomepeoplehaveoscillationsaswideas2.4degreesorasnarrowas0.1degree.Childrentendtohaveslightlyhighernormaltemperaturethanadultsandaremorelikelytorunhighfeversinresponsetoinfection.Elderlypeopletendtohavelowerbodytemperaturesthanyoungeradults.

Ordinaryactionscanraisetemperature:digestingabigmeal,beinginthesun,prolongedcryinginbabies,exercise.Butbodytemperaturerarelyriseshigherthanabout106.5degreeswithtwomainexceptions:atraumaortumorthatdamagesthehypothalamus(thepartofthebraincontrollingtemperature),and,morecommonly,heatstroke,whichmustbetreatedimmediatelytopreventdamagetobodyorgans,ordeath.

2.Takingmedicationtolowerafevermayprolongillness.

Here'showfeverworks:Whenwhitebloodcellsrecognizeanintruder,theyreleaseproteinsthattraveltothehypothalamusandpromptittoraisethebody'sthermostat.Thebodyreactstothisbygeneratingheat,oftenthroughshivering."Manyimmunologicalfunctionsappeartobemoreefficientatahighertemperature,"sayspediatricianTimothyDoranofTheJohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolofMedicine."Andsomebacteriaandvirusesdon'tgrowaswellathighertemperatures.

Recentstudiesshowthatwhenanimalsareexposedtobacteriabutpreventedfromrunningafever,manydieofinfectionstheymighthavesurvived.Doranresearchedchildrenwithchickenpox,andfoundthat"ittookthosewhoweregivenacetaminophenabouthalfadaylongertorecover"thanitdidthosewhosefeverswereuntreated.

Whilemostpeopleareprobablybetteroffnotsuppressingfeversthatcausenodiscomfort,thereareexceptions.Coronarypatientsandthosewithsuchchronicconditionsasarthritisanddiabetesshouldcontactaphysicianimmediately.

Tobalancetherisksandbenefitsoftreatingfever,alotdependsonthepatient'scomfort."Datashowthatfeverdoesgood,butitalso

A.YB.NC.NG

16.

Vioxxisakindofdiseasetocureheartdiseaseandiswithdrawnfromthemarket.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

Sustainabilityhasabroadermeaningnow,includingecologyandbiodiversityarchitecture,engineering,rbanplanning,etc.,andithasbecomea______.

18.Someattractiveruralregionsnotfarfromthecitiesarewitnessingacertain______,asmoreandmorechildlessseniorsmovetowardscities.

19.

FreudreturnedtoViennain1886andbeganworkasadoctorin______.

20.

Bluetoothnetworkingtransmitsdatavialow-powerradiowavesbetween402GHzand480GHz.

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.

【B6】

22.听力原文：W:Nobodycandepriveotherpeople'srightofbreathingfreshair.Thisroomisfilledwithtooheavysmoke.

M:Ican'tagreemore.Smokingshouldbeprohibitedinpublicplaceslikethiscinema.

Q:Whatcanweinferfromtheconversation?

(17)

A.Bothofthemarebotheredwiththesmokeinthecinema.

B.Themandoesn'tagreetothewoman'sopinion.

C.Theroomissmokybecauseit'sonfire.

D.Themanisn'tpermittedtosmokeintheroom.

23.

【B5】

24.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：M:Theticketstotonight'sshowingare$5foradultsandhalfthepriceforchildren,madam.

W:Okay,I'dliketwoadults'andthreechildren'stickets,please.

Q:Howmuchshouldthewomanpayforthechildren'stickets?

(12)

A.$2.5.B.$5.C.$7.5.D.$10.

25.(35)

A.Itstrees.

B.Itsstonewalls.

C.Itsrockgarden.

D.Itspronunciation.

26.听力原文：Theflag,themostcommonsymbolofanationinthemodemworld,isalsooneofthemostancient.Withaclearsymbolicmeaning,theflaginthetraditionalform.isstillusedtodaytomarkbuildings,shipsandothervehiclesrelatedtoacountry.

Thenationalflagasweknowittodayisinnowayaprimitiveartifact.Itis,rather,theproductofthousandsofyears'development.Historiansbelievethatithadtwomajorancestors,ofwhichtheearlierservedtoshowwinddirection.

Earlyhumanbeingsusedveryfragilehousesandboats.Oftenstrongwindswouldtearroofsfromhousesorcausehighwavesthatendangeredtravelers.People'sfoodsuppliesweresimilarlyvulnerable.Evenaftertheyhadlearnedhowtoplantgrains,theystill,neededhelpfromnaturetoensuregoodharvests.Thereforetheyfearedanddependedonthepowerofthewind,whichcouldbringwarmthfromonedirectionandcoldfromanother.

Usingasimplepieceofclothtiedtothetopofaposttotellthedirectionofthewindwasmoredependablethanearliermethods,suchaswatchingtherisingofsmokefromafire.Theconnectionoftheflagwithheavenlypowerwasthereforereasonable.Earlyhumansocietiesbegantofixlongpiecesofclothtothetopsoftotemsbeforecarryingthemintobattle.Theybelievedthatthepowerofthewindwouldbeaddedtothegoodwishesofthegodsandancestorsrepresentedbythetotemsthemselves.

Theseflagsdevelopedveryslowlyintomodemflags.Thefirstknownflagofanationorarulerwasunmarked:ThekingofChinaaround1000B.C.wasknowntohaveawhiteflagcarriedaheadofhim.ThispracticemighthavebeenlearnedfromEgyptiansevenfurtherinthepast,butitwasfromChinathatitspreadovertraderoutesthroughIndia,thenacrossArablands,andfinallytoEurope,whereitmetupwiththeotherancestorofthenationalflag.

(33)

A.DevelopmentoftheNationalFlag

B.PoweroftheNationalFlag

C.TypesofFlags

D.UsesofFlags

27.听力原文：M:HowdoJaneandBillliketheirnewhome?

W:It'sreallycomfortable,butthey'retiredofhavingtohearthejetsgoovertheirhouseatallhours.

Q:WhatislocatedclosetoJaneandBill'snewhome?

(16)

A.Abusstation.

B.Anairport.

C.Asuperhighway.

D.Atrainstation.

28.(32)

A.Itwillallowfewertreestobecut.

B.Itwillrequirelesslaborcosts.

C.Itsavessomeshippingcosts.

D.Itwillmakethemmorecompetition.

29.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Itisonlyrightthatthestarsshouldbepaidinthisway.Don'tthetopmeninindustryearn【B1】______salariesfortheservicestheyperform.totheir【B2】______andtheircountries?Popstarsearnvastsumsinforeign【B3】______oftenmorethanlarge【B4】______concerns—andthetaxmancanonlybe【B5】______fortheirmassiveannualcontributionstothe【B6】______.Sowhowouldbegrudgethemtheirrewards?

It'sallverywellforpeopleinhumdrumjobstomoanaboutthesuccessesand【B7】______ofothers.Peoplewhomakeenviousremarksshouldrememberthatthemostfamousstars【B8】______onlythetipoftheiceberg.Foreveryfamousstar,therearehundredsofothersstrugglingtoearnaliving.【B9】______.Hehaschosensecurityandpeaceofmind,sotherewillalwaysbealimittowhathecanearn.【B10】______.Heknowsattheoutsetthatonlyahandfulofcompetitorsevergettotheverytop.Heknowsthatyearsofconcentratedeffortmayberewardedwithcompletefailure.Butheknows,too,thattherewardsforsuccessareveryhighindeed:【B11】______.That'stheessenceofprivateenterprise.

【B1】

30.(34)

A.Bibs.B.Cardboardmilkcontainers.C.Spaceships.D.Rockets.

31.(36)

A.Shecommunicatedherideasveryeffectively.

B.Shemadeexcellentpoliticalachievements.

C.Shehadahusbandseverelyinjuredinanincident.

D.Shehaddifferentpoliticalopinions.

32.

【B3】

33.听力原文：M:Hi,Iheardyou'relookingforadifferentapartment.

W:Yeah,theplaceI'minnowisarealdown.

M:ItwasOKwhenIwasthere.

W:Oh,theboilerkeepsbreakingandwhenitdoes,weloosetheheatforseveraldaysatthetime.

M:Wilydoesn'ttheownerreplaceit?

W:Well,shesaiditwascheapertokeepfixingit.She'saniceenoughperson,justthesortofmean.Inanycase,I'msickofbeingcold.

M:Canyougetyourdepositbackifyoumove?

W:IfIgivetwo-monthnotice,Icangetthewholethingback.

M:Sowhatkindofplaceareyoulookingfor?

W:IthinkI'lltrytogetintooneofthosehigh-risesneartheuniversity.There'snothingreallyspecialbutatleasttheyarenewandfunctional.

M:Iheardofthosebuildingsareprettynoisy.Thewallsarethinandyoucanheareverythingthat'sgoingonintheotherapartment.

W:Oh,thatwillneverdo.Ineedsomeplacequiettofinishmythesis.IguessI'llhavetolooksomemoreads.ButIstillhavesomeworries.Youknow,maybenewisn'tnecessarilybetter.

M:Whydon'tyoutrysomeofthoseapartmentsinWinsor?They'resupposedtobenice.

W:Oh,aren'ttheyawfullyexpensive?

M:Notreally,you'llbesurprisedathowreasonablesomeofthemare.Theproblemwouldbethatthebusdoesn'trunthatway.

W:That'lldefinitelybeaproblem.Ican'taffordacarrightnow.IguessI'dbettercheckafewoftheplaceshereinthecitybeforeImakeadecision.

(20)

A.Thelandlordalwaysturnsadeafeartohercomplaints.

B.Thelandlordisnoteasytobepleased.

C.Thelandlordcaresaboutmoneyverymuch.

D.Thelandlordisneitherfriendlynorhelpful.

34.(24)

A.Moremarketshare.

B.Jobsecurity

C.Increaseofproduction

D.Higherprofitability

35.(38)

36.听力原文：M:MyfamilyandIwillbeleavingonJanuary5.Isthereanythingweneedtodototheapartmentbeforeweleave?

W:Ifyouwantyourfifty-dollardepositback,you'llhavetocleanthestoveandtherefrigerator.Also,weaskthatyouvacuumcarefullybeforeleaving.

Q:Whatdoesthewomandoforaliving?

(14)

A.She'samaid.

B.Shesellsstovesandrefrigerators.

C.She'sanapartmentmanager.

D.She'sarealestateagent.

37.(29)

A.Menneednotdothejob.

B.Mencannotdothejob.

C.Menshouldnotdothejob.

D.Mencanalsodothejobaswellaswomen.

38.

【B11】

39.(46)

40.(42)

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.WhatdowelearnaboutSesameStreetfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Itrosetofamebecauseofthefirstlady'srole.

B.It'ssuccessfulandgainsinternationalpopularity.

C.Itstillhastowinalifetime-achievementaward.

D.ItisthemostsuccessfulshowinAmericanhistory.

42.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothesecondexample?

A.Thegirlreceivedaphonymessage.

B.Thevictimwasinvitedbythegirl.

C.Thegirlmanagedtorevengethevictimharmlessly.

D.Thegirlwasn'texpectingthevictim.

43.

Whatdoesthewriterciteasthesourcesofmoralvoid?

44.

Tohaveabetterfuturefortheenvironment,weshallfallbackon______.

A.ourpredecessorsB.politiciansC.computersD.youngpeople

45.

Scientiststhinkthatbytheyear2000,_______.

A.peoplewillgenerallyimprovetheirhearing

B.peoplewillhaveworsehearing

C.peoplewillwearcontactlensesandhearingaidsaswell

D.peoplewearinghearingaidswilloutnumberthosewearingcontactlenses

46.

【C3】

47.

Whydoestheauthorsaythatstringandtinfoilaretreasures?

A.Thewarhasmadethemscarce.

B.Theyareusefultosixteen-year-olds.

C.Helikedthemwhenhewassixteen.

D.Peopleareverywasteful.

48.

【C8】

49.

TheinvestigationofOntario'sCollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeonsistofind______.

A.whetherhestillhasillegaltreatmentonhispatients

B.howmanypatientshavebeenabused

C.ifhetoldhispatientsabouttherisk

D.howmuchmoneyhegotfromhisillegaltreatment

50.

Whichofthefollowingismentionedasoneofthecausesofbadbreath?

A.Toothtrouble.

B.Toomuchexercise.

C.Sulfur-richfood.

D.Mentalstrain.

51.

Theterm"fixedentity"inthefirstparagraphcanbestbeinterpretedas______.

A.aninvariableconstant

B.astablefacultyofthemind

C.aninheritedfixedcapacity

D.aspecificinnatepotential

52.(54)

53.

Theimplicationofthepassageisthat______.

A.itishungrycellsthatmakeyoustopdieting

B.keepingadietisnotthebestmethodoflosingweight

C.overweightiscausedbyfatcells

D.ifyouwanttoloseyourweight,youshouldfollowastrictdiet

54.(56)

55.

Inthispassage,whatdoestheauthormentionasanexampleofthepossiblemisuseofscientificknowledgewithseriousconsequences?

56.

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.

A.themorewetrytocontrolourpartnersandrelationships,thebetterwecanenjoylove

B.themorefrequentlywefallinlove,themoreintelligentwe'llbe

C.themoreemotionallymatureacoupleare,themoreharmonioustheywilllive

D.it'sunrealisticforyoutosearchfortruelovefromothers

57.

WhichstatementisNOTtrueaboutEU?

A.EUhasnotsignedpartnershipagreementwithRussia.

B.EUisdisappointedwithatRussia'stradestrategy.

C.EUwantsRussiatocutdownontariffsonitsmeatimports.

D.EUmayconnectthetradeconflictwithRussia'sentryintoWTO.

58.Whyshouldn'tsecuritymeasuresdependentirelyonmachines?

59.

StudiesofthelivesofeminentpersonsshowthattheirsuccessescanbeattributedtoallthefollowingEXCEPT______.

A.carefulstudiesoftheworkoftheirforerunners

B.completeinvolvementinthepreviousworkintheirfields

C.veryearlyexposuretobasicknowledgeandvariousactivities

D.totalconcentrationontheworkdonepreviously

60.

ClintonmadefriendswithRobertReichwhenhewasstudyat______.

四、5.ErrorCorrection(5题)61.

【S10】

62.

【S2】

63.

【S9】

64.【S5】

65.

【S6】

五、6.Translation(5题)66.Tooursurprise,hebehaved_____________________(装作若无其事的样子).

67.______________________________(他刚一安顿下来)whensoldthehouseandwentabroad.

68.Itturnedoutthatgettingfiredfromthatcompany______(对我来说是发生在我身上的最棒的事情).

69.Whenhewokeup,______(他发现自己躺在冰冷的地板上).

70.Wefinallyarriveattheinevitableconclusionthat__________________(我们必须使我们的思想适应变化了的环境)．

参考答案

1.environmentalandhereditaryfactors。environmentalandhereditaryfactors。解析：根据题干信息词socialanxietydisorderisprobably和combination定位到最后一段倒数第三句，文章提到socialanxietydisorder的起因还不确定，但很可能是环境和遗传因素的共同作用才导致这种疾病，故答案为environmentalandhereditaryfactors。

2.People-Service-Profit。People-Service-Profit。解析：由题眼定位到分标题People-firstPhilosophy部分。标题说明这部分主要讨论公司的“以人为本”的理念。第二段中：FounderandCEOFrederickSmithdeterminedtomakeemployeesanintegralpartofthedecision-makingprocess，...ResultingfromthisprincipleistheFedExcorporatephilosophy:People-Service-Profit(联邦快递的创始人兼首席执行官FrederickSmith决心让员工在制定决策的过程中成为不可缺少的部分,...则导致联邦快递公司的理念的形成：人才—服务—利润)。由此便可得出答案。

3.guaranteedlong-termgrowthguaranteedlong-termgrowth解析：事实细节题。此处要求填入名词性成分作with的宾语，由原文可知，需要将一部分钱用于有长期回报保证的投资。将题干与原文对照可知guaranteedlong-termgrowth符合题干语意和语法要求，即为本题答案。

4.A解析：细节推断题。此处问凯利服务公司会提供哪项服务?原文列举了CV(简历)的重要性，并指出完善简历是凯利服务的服务项目之一，uptoscratch“达到标准”，即A项中meetstherequirements。

5.moresinglechildren/firstbornsmoresinglechildren/firstborns解析：本题涉及到母亲的年龄与肥胖流行的关系，从而将题目出处定位到MatureMums部分。该部分第三段末句提到，母亲年龄变大和独生子女的增多可能也导致了肥胖流行，因此可以获知答案是独生子女的增多。

6.C解析：题干出自第三段中SunilBhaitiMittal的一句话。原文中说it会给money-transfer行业带来革命性影响。代词it指代的是前文中提到的19家电话运营商与万事达合作推出的用手机短信汇款的方法(usetheirhandsetstosendmoneyabroad…remittanceswillbesentastextmessages)。[C]与原文意思相符。

7.accessaccess解析：本题定位信息是custody和children，从而锁定Whataboutthechildren?部分。该部分第三段第一句提到了关于儿童的两个权利，custody和access(监护权和探视权)。根据该段后边的部分可知，探视权是在离婚一方在没有取得对孩子的监护权的情况下会涉及到的问题，故本题应填入access。

8.A解析：当马克·吐温还是个孩子时，就经常给父母添麻烦，他常常愚弄他的朋友和邻居们，而他这种爱开玩笑的天性常会引起暴力的产生，所以此句话是正确的，原文请见第四段开头部分。

9.YY解析：由题干中acquaintedwithpeople和attention可分别定位到第二个小标题下首句Makeaconcertedefforttoincreasethenumberofpeoplewhoknowaboutyou和末句Makeyourselfusefulsopeoplehaveacompellingreasontopayattention．段落首尾处设题。本题考查争取听众的方法、手段。第二个小标题下首句部分与题干中catchtheopportunitiestobeacquaintedwithpeople相符；末句与题干中catchtheirattentiononyou相符，闪此题干的说法是正确的。

10.veryyoungveryoldorpregnantveryyoung，veryoldorpregnant解析：根据题干中的信息词drugs和nottested定位到最后一个小标题下的第四点。作者指出，如果你很年幼、年老，或是怀有身孕，那在用药时就要格外小心，因为药物通常不会在这些人群中进行试验。

11.risesgraduallyrisesgradually解析：从“Theyalsonotethatsincetheintroductionoftheconstructivistcurriculums-Investigationsforelementaryschool，ConnectedMathforjuniorhigh，CorePlusforhighschool-thosescoreshaverisengraduallybutsteadily.”中可以得到答案。

12.NN解析：参见文中第六段最后一句：Fullerdiscoveredthatifasphericalstructurewascreatedfromtriangles，itwouldhaveincomparablestrength．另外，本段前部分也着重陈述了三角形(triangle)和长方形(rectangle)相比所具有的优势。

13.C解析：根据题干关键词monster-likecreatures可将答案定位至第一个小标题Greetings，Carbon-basedBipeds下第一段，但是并不能发现有关theenemyofhuman的信息。

14.discussnegativefeelingsdiscussnegativefeelings解析：该段第二句中提到，与成年子女保持良好关系的老年人压力比较小。第三句中介绍了上句现象的原因(thismaybebecause…)：独处的人们无法讨论负面的感觉(areunabletodiscussnegativefeelings)，也就无法使用这种方式来减压。反推可知，压力较小的与子女关系好的老年人自然是有人来讨论这些负面的感觉，故答案为discussnegativefeelings。

15.C

16.B解析：文章第二段第一句讲“AyearafterMerck'swithdrawalofitsarthritismedicineVioxxledtoanindustrywidecredibilitycrisis.”表明Vioxx是一种治风湿的药品。

17.multidisciplinaryfieldmultidisciplinaryfield解析：此处需要填入名词性成分与冠词a搭配。由原文町知，可持续性问题已经成为涉及多学科的一个领域。根据冠词a不难得出答案为multidisciplinaryfield.

18.populationgrowthpopulationgrowth解析：参见“BigChallenges”小节部分第一段第二句：Already,attractiveareaswithininstrikingdistanceofprosperouscitiesareseeingrobustrevivals,drivenbyurbanflightandanin-floodingofchildlessretirees.

19.nervediseasesnervediseases解析：此空答案见文章第十三段。

20.A

21.instantlyinstantly解析：此处需要一个副词修饰动词know，表示“立即地”。

22.A

23.sparked

24.C

25.C解析：信息明示题。文章第四段最后提到，Thistempleisfamousforitsbeautifulrockgarden，其中thistemple指的就是前面提到的RyoanjiTemple，因此C正确。

26.A解析：Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

选项都涉及到flags，且该题可能考查短文大意或题目。短文按照从古至今的顺序介绍了flags的发展，因此[A]为答案。短文只是在一些细节上介绍了国旗的权利和用途，但是这并不能作为短文的题目，故排除[B]和[D]。

27.B解析：细节判断题本题的关键词是jets，因此可以判断飞机场离他们的新家较近。

28.C解析：Whydoesthespeakerbelievethesystemmayalsobebeneficialtoexporters?

预览选项可知，本题考查It所起的作用。短文结尾处的Whilethesystemisaburden，itofferssomebenefits．Cuttingdownonpackagingcansaveonmaterialsandshippingcosts表明，削减包装的重量会减少材料和运输费用，因此[C]正确。

29.enormous

30.C解析：细节辨认题。文章接着举出例子Cardboardmilkcontainersandrockets以及bibs,papernapkinsandnon-returnablebottles.通过排除法可知答案C为非一次性商品。

31.A解析：文中提到由于经常一天做几次演讲，她能够非常有效地表达自己的观点，因此她被选进了美国国会，故答案为A。

32.playing

33.C解析：Howisthewoman'slandlordlike?

34.D

35.creation

36.C解析：语义推断题女士在男士一家离开公寓前提出让其打扫公寓的要求，由此可以判断女士可能是公寓管理员。

37.D解析：选项均以Menneed／should／can开头，本题可能考查男人的责任。短文提到Tony是一位照顾儿子的单身父亲，他下定决心要照顾好自己的儿子。他说，很久以来都是女人在照顾孩子，为什么男人就不可以呢?这里用反问句来表达了自己的决心和观点：男人也可以照顾好孩子，故答案为[D]。

38.ThemorepeopledrankthemorelikelytheyweretohavesufferedafatalheartattackThemorepeopledrank,themorelikelytheyweretohavesufferedafatalheartattack

39.Classifiedadsprovideanimportantserviceforreaderswhoareseekingajobanapartmentorhouseoraspecialservice．Classifiedadsprovideanimportantserviceforreaderswhoareseekingajob,anapartmentorhouse,oraspecialservice．

40.indication

41.B解析：根据题干中的firsttwoparagraphs将本题出处定位到前两段，第二段主要讲述了SesameStreet取得的成就：夺得122个艾美奖项，这其中还不包括一个终生成就奖：节目被世界120多个国家和地区改编；国际市场上供应的《芝麻街》产品约有十万种。由此可知，《芝麻街》这一节目非常成功，而且在国际上也很受欢迎，故答案为[B]。[A]项是针对首段首句提到的withfirstlady…asguests设的干扰项。[C]项是对notincludingalifetime-achievementtrophyaward的错误理解。根据首段末句提到的itisindisputablythemostbelovedchildren'sshowinhistory可知，《芝麻街》是最深受喜爱的儿童剧目，[D]的范围过于宽泛，故可排除。

42.D解析：由题干的accordingtothesecondexample定位到原文第三段最后一句Thegirlwon'tknowwhat'sgoingon...细节题。根据第三段的最后一句可知，女孩并不知道发生了什么事．所以D)“女孩本来并不知道被捉弄的人要来”是正确的。

43.Familyinstabilityandeconomicstress．Familyinstabilityandeconomicstress．解析：此段首句指出产生道德上的真空有许多原因，接着列举了其中的家庭不稳定因素和经济压力因素，因此应填入Familyinstabilityandeconomicstress。

44.D解析：推断题。从上一题的解释中可以看出，作者寄希望于年轻一代，希望他们能够创造美好的明天。因此D项正确。

45.B解析：第三段末尾说“到2000年，戴助听器的人将和现在戴隐形眼镜的人一样多。”可见那时人们的听力将会更差。

46.D：remains。D：remains。解析：语法判断为系动词，且用第三人称单数的形式，只有D。

47.A解析：推断题。文章第二段详细描述了战争造成的影响，且第二段中的Nylon,meat，gasoline，andsteelarerare和stringandtinfoilaretreasures前后照应，推断可知，是战争造成了资源的短缺，所以A正确。

48.NN解析：由句法结构可知，这里缺少动词，因为下文中表并列的连接词and后的动词为putting，由此可判断前面的动词也应与putting的形式保持一致，也应该使用现在分词。选项中符合此意的单词有M)threatening，N)damaging和H)investigating，从词义方面看，似乎N)damaging和M)threatening都可以，当看过后面的句子就可看出此处填N)damaging更合适，意思为“破坏”。

49.A解析：细节题。文章第四段第一句指出，安大略医学院正在调查Dr.Pollack，以便弄清他在同意停用液体硅胶后是否还在继续使用，以及他是否在使用硅胶的同时在患者的病历上写上另一种合法产品的名称，所以A正确。

50.D解析：文章第五段第一句和第二句例举了导致badbreath的种种原因。Alcohol，hunger，toomuchtalking，breathingthroughthemouthduringexercise—anythingthatdriesthemouthproducesbadbreath．Socanstress，thoughit'snotunderstoodwhy．酒精、饥饿、说话太多，锻炼时用口呼吸等诸如此类使口腔干燥的因素都会导致口有异味。紧张也可导致如此，

51.C

52.GG解析：单从句子结构上看，空中可填入形容词与be构成系表结构，也可以填入过去分词构成被动语态。此处说科学成果的取得不能只靠一点运气，言外之意是强调研究者需要献身精神(这一点从后文的内容中也可推知)。persistent意为“坚持不懈的，持之以恒的”，与此处的语义相符，因此G为答案。L.lively“活泼的”和N.silent“沉默的”与科研的语境不符：O.exhausting不能修饰人。此处不强调被动，因此排除E.和F。

53.B解析：推理判断题。本文主要讲了为什么许多人通过节食减肥失败的原因。第一段讲道，由于身体自身机能，节食减肥到了一定程度就很难有所发展了；接下来三段具体讲了体内脂肪细胞的工作原理是减肥失败，除此之外，荷尔蒙胰岛