2015年高考真题-英语(湖南卷)解析

2015年高考真题一一英语(湖南卷)Word版含解

析

本试卷分为四个部分，共12页。时量120分钟。满分150分

PartIListeningComprehension(30marks)

SectionA(22.5marks)

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearsixconversations

betweentwospeakers.Foreachconversation,thereareseveralquestions

andeachquestionisfollowedbythreechoicesmarkedA,BandC.Listen

carefullyandthenchoosethebestanswerforeachquestion.

YouwillheareachconversationTWICE.

Conversation1

1.Whendoesthewomanusuallygethomefromwork?

A.About6:30.B.About7:30.C.About8:30.

2.Whatdidthewomandolastnight?

A.ShewatchedTV.

B.Sherecordedaprogram.

C.Shepreparedforalecture.

Conversation2

3.Howoftendoesthemanexerciseatthegym?

A.Everyday.B.Everytwodays.C.Onceaweek.

4.Wherewillthetwospeakersmeetbeforedoingexercisethis

Friday?

A.Atthepark.B.Atthecafe.C.Atthecinema.

Conversation3

5.WhatisMr.Chesterdoing?

A.Telephoningsomeone.

B.Speakingtothewoman.

C.Leavingthemanamessage.

6.Whatistheman'slastname?

A.Oliver.B.Horst.C.Robert.

Conversation4

7.Whywillthewomanbelate?

A.Shedidn，tcatchthetrain.

B.Shedidn'tfinishherpaper.

C.Shedidn，twakeupintime.

8.Whereistheman?

A.Atthestation.B.Athome.C.Attheoffice.

9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

A.Teacherandstudent.B.Parentandchild.C.Husband

andwife.

Conversation5

10.ForwhomdoesthewomanbuytheT-shirt?

A.Herself.B.Herhusband.C.Herfriend.

11.HowmuchdoestheT-shirtnormallycost?

A.$54.B.$60.C.$70.

12.WhydoesthesalesmanagreetoselltheT-shirtat$48?

A.Itischeaperonline.B.Heisinahurry.C.Abutton

islost.

Conversation6

13.Whendidthewomanarrive?

A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.

14.Whatmajordidthemanchooseintheend?

A.English.B.Biology.C.History.

15.Whatsuggestiondoesthemangiveonreadingthebooks?

A.Makingnotes.B.Skimmingfirst.C.Readingwordby

word.

SectionB(7.5marks)

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearashortpassage.Listen

carefullyandthenfillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyou

haveheard.FillineachblankwithNOMORETHANTHREEWORDS.

YouwillheartheshortpassageTWICE

SchoolWebDesign16

I.Meeton17from2:30to3:15

II.Createawebsiteforacompetition

■Website

☆onyourancestor18

☆18long&wellconstructed

•Competition

☆hasafirstprizeof$300forbeginners&$18fortheadvanced

☆doitbyyourself,listthesoftwareyouused

PartIILanguageKnowledge(45marks)

SectionA(15marks)

Directions:Foreachofthefollowingunfinishedsentencesthere

arefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbest

completesthesentence.

21.ItwaswhenwewerereturninghomeIrealizedwhata

goodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeoneintrouble.

A.whichB.thatC.whereD.how

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析iB：根据分析।此句是Itwas…开头且去獐Itwas.whenwewerereturanghome1realisedwhata

goodfiedwgitwasiohavehelpedsomeonemtrouble•是一个完整意义上的句子,故判断此句是一个强调句，强

whenwewaeretumwghomei强调句常用句型this(was)+被强调部分+th碣wbo)….句重t正是在我回

家的时候我才意识到帮助别人于危难之时至觉是多么令人愉悦.故选a

考点：考查强调句。

22.Asyougothroughthisbook,youthateachofthe

millionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarIIhadadifferent

experience.

A.willfindB.foundC.hadfoundD.havefound

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况。在一般将来时的句子

中，有时有表示将来时间的状语，有时没有时间状语，这时要从意思上判断是否指

未来的动作或情况。句意：当你通读这本书的时候，你将会发现成千上万的经历过

二战的每个人都有不同的经历。根据句意，判断主语的时态为一般将来时，故选A

【考点定位】考查时态。

23.Onlyaftertalkingtotwostudentsthathavingstrong

motivationisoneofthebiggestfactorsinreachinggoals.

A.IdiddiscoverB.didIdiscoverC.I

discoveredD.discovered

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析，副词only苴于句首,强调方式状淹、条件状语、地点状语、时I间状语等状语时,主句要进

行部分倒装.如果汲only所强调的状语为状语从句，该状语从句不倒装，只对王句进行创装•此题中only

作为副词放在句首修饰时1可状语afidMgk>Eqstudent，所以主句要迸行部分包装.部分倒装是指将演

语的一筋分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前.如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词8

don或由&并将其苴于主语之前.句意，在和两个学生交谈之后我才意识到拥有强烈的动机是达到目标的

最大因素.故选B.

【考点定位】考查only置于句首的部分倒装。

24.Videogamescanbeapoorinfluenceifinthewrong

hands.

A.toleaveB.leavingC.leaveD.left

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：用作状语的从句叫状语从句。状语从句可置于句首、句末或句

中，一般来说，状语从句都比较完整。但是，在一些状语从句中存在的省略问题，

可以归纳为以下两点：1.when,while,if,asif,although/though,as,

until,once,whether,unless,where等引导的从句中，如果其谓语为be,而主

语与主句的主语相同时，则从句的主语和be可省略。有时从句的主语为it时，也

可省略it或从句中的有关成分。2.than,as,nomatterwhat/who等后面成分

的省略。句意：如果电子游戏落入一个错误的人手中就能够产生一个不良影响。

【考点定位】考查状语从句中的省略问题。

25.Iwasn，tabletohidemyeagernesswhenI,“Whatdo

youwishmetodonow?”

A.askB.haveaskedC.amaskingD.asked

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作，常和表示过去的时

间状语连用。此题主句的时态为一般过去时，表示这个事情和动作发生在过去，故

从句时态也要用一般过去时。句意：我不能隐藏我的渴望，当我问道，“你现在希

望我做些什么？”故选D

【考点定位】考查时间状语的时态。

26.Youhavetoknowyou，regoingifyouaretoplanthe

bestwayofgettingthere.

A.whatB.thatC.whereD.who

【答案】c

r解析】

试IS分析：根据分析可知।Youhavetoksow…后而是一个宾语从句.宾语从句的连接词有连接代词和连接

副词，连接代词有：who.whom,whose,which,whal在句中担任王语、宾语、定语或者表语，连接副词有：

when,where,why,how.在句中担任状语的成分.You'regoingifyonaretoplanthebestwayofgettingthere.

是一个完整的句子，所以应该用连接副词来引导从句.句意।如果你已经计划好去那里的最佳方案，你必

须知道你将要去睡里.故选C.

【考点定位】考查宾语从句。

27.Itisimportanttorememberthatsuccessasumof

smalleffortsmadeeachdayandoftenyearsofachieve.

A.is;takesB.are;takesC.are;takeD.is;take

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。根据分析，第一

空的谓语要填一个单数，因为此宾语从句：…thatsuccessasumof…day.的主语

是success,一个单数名词，故谓语要用is；后面的句子：oftenyearsto

achieve.的主语也是success,故第二空的谓语也是一个单数形式。句意：成功是

将每天一小点努力积累起来，是需要多年的努力去达到，记住这些很重要。

【考点定位】考查主谓一致原则

28.HemusthavesensedthatIhim.Hesuddenlyglancedat

meandsaidquietly,“Whyareyoustaringatmelikethat?”

A.wouldlookatB.lookedatC.waslookingatD.

amlookingat

【答案】C

试题分析：过去进行时,是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作,如果没有具体的时间,可以从

意义上去把握.句意，他一定是注意到我在看着他.他突然看向我然后轻声问道，“你为什么要那样盯着我

看？”根据分析，此句在意义上应该用进行时，又根据此句卬的musthavead和ghncedat可知是过去

进行时，故选C.

【考点定位】考查时态。

29.Itisatrulydelightfulplace,looksthesameasit

musthavedone100yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandpretty

cottages..

A.asB.whereC.thatD.which

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：根据分析，此句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是place,在

定语从句中是作主语的，所以用关系代词引导。As引导非限定性定语从句时要放

在句首，故排除，选用which。句意：这真是一个令人愉快的地方，这里的蜿蜒的

小路和美丽的小村庄一定和100年前看起来是一模一样的。故选D

【考点定位】考查定语从句关系代词。

30.whatyou'redoingtodayimportant,becauseyou're

tradingadayofyourlife

forit

A.MakeB.TomakeC.MakingD.Made

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生，它的特点是：它所

表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。句意：当店员看

到一张漂亮的脸上挤出一副抱歉的笑容时，她像扎根似的定在了那里，想着是去是

留。此句的谓语动词是stood,所以wonder在此用ing形式作一个伴随状语。故

选A

【考点定位】考查动词ing作伴随状语。

【名师点睛】本题旨在考查学生对于伴随状语的掌握，要求学生分辨的出什

么是谓语，什么时候该用伴随状语

31.1amlookingforwardtothedaymydaughtercanread

thisbookandknowmyfeelingsforher.

A.asB.whyC.whenD.where

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析，祈使句表示情求、命令、建议等等.谓语动词一律用庾形.句子中通常不用主语，句末用惊

叹号或者句号，用降潮.根据分析，…thatyourtaskistogetthiscompanyrunningsmoothly.是作mind

的同位语.Keep*mind记住,句意：请时刻牢记住：你的任务就是让这个公司正常运作.这是一个表请

求的祈使句，故选C.

【考点定位】考查祈使句。

32.Allweneedasmallpieceoflandwherewecanplant

variouskindsoffruittreesthroughoutthegrowingseasonsoftheyear.

A.areB.wasC.isD.were

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态

的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。Holdback阻隔，隐瞒，句

意：我非常想进去玩那些玩具，但是我被商店的玻璃阻隔了。根据句意，此句含有

被动语态在里面，holdback要用被动语态，故选D

【考点定位】考查被动语态。

33.It'snotdoingthethingswelike,butlikingthethingswe

havetodomakeslifehappy.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.who

【答案】c

【解析】

试题分析：A.If0nly要是…多好（if0nly常常用来表达强烈的愿望或遗

憾，因此，主要用在虚拟语气中，用以表达强烈的愿望或非真实条件。常被译为

“但愿”、“要是……该多好啊”等）B.After在…之后（用作连词是词，它引

导的时间状语从句如果具有将来意义，往往要用一般现在时来表示（有时也用现在

完成时），而不能直接用一般将来时）C.Although虽然（表示“虽然”时，不要

根据汉语习惯，在后面使用连词but,不过有时它可与yet,still,

nevertheless等副词连用）D.Incase万一，假使（引导条件状语从句）；句

意：虽然那个工作要花大量的时间，但是许多学生都觉得经历是值得的。故选C

【考点定位】考查连词。

34.Wheneveryouapresent,youshouldthinkaboutitfrom

thereceiver'spointofview.

A.boughtB.haveboughtC.willbuyD.buy

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：talkover讨论，根据分析，可知actasalisteningearfor

fellowstudenttodosth中的todosth是作student的宾语补足语。句意：

有时我充当一个倾听者来倾听我的同学们讨论他们的烦心事。故选A

【考点定位】考查不定式作宾语补足语。

35.ourselvesfromthephysicalandmentaltensions,we

eachneeddeepthoughtandinnerquietness.

A.HavingfreedB.FreedC.TofreeD.Freeing

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析।在if引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的拿实及其产生的相关的结果，

主句用一股将来时态，从句用一般现在时态.此句中的who'sk>saythatanotbapeisoawill?可知主句用的

是格来时，故if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时.句意，这就是为什么我要使人们的日子变得鲜活起

来.如果你不这样做，你说谴会这样做？

【考点定位】考查if引导的条件状语。

SectionB(18marks)

Directions:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefour

wordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththeword

orphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Itwasarainymorningandthechildren,mainlyboyswithvarious

learningdifficulties,refusedtosettleforthestartofthelesson.As

aninexperiencedteacher,Itriedeverymeanstogetthemtobe36

butinvain,mypanicwasrisingandIcouldfeelmyheartbeating

wildly.Thiswasthe37ofmyjobasamusicteacher,Ithought一一

teachingwasnotforme.ThenIhadanidea.Hopingthatnoonewould

noticethatIwas38inside,Ithrewmyvoiceasfarasitwould

reach:"Putyourheadsonthedesksandcloseyour39!Weare

goingonajourney.〃

40,thechildrenfellsilent.〃NowwhatshouldIdo?”Ithought

tomyself.ReachingovertomycollectionofCDs,Iblindly41,

putitinthemachineandplayedit.

Obediently（顺从地），myclasslaytheirheadsontheirdesk,closed

theireyesand42.Whenthemusicstarted,theroomasfilledwith

themostbeautifultonesandmusicalcolorsIcouldhaveeverimagined.

Allthechildrenwere43.Whenthemusicfinished,Iaskedthem

alltoraisetheir44slowlysothatwecouldshareourmusical

journey.

Atthispoint,whenallthechildrenwerewillingtosharetheir

experiences,Ibegantolearnhowto45.Themusicallowmeto

learnthatteachingisaboutsharingandrespect,tearsandsmiles,the

knowingandthe

46andmostofall,anunderstandingofeachother.Thiswasthepower

that47intheclassroomcouldhave.

36.A.gladB.safeC.kindD.quiet

37.A.endB.aimC.ruleD.plan

38.A.guessingB.shakingC.respondingD.laughing

39.A.eyesB.mouthsC.booksD.doors

40.A.PunctuallyB.ImportantlyC.AmazinglyD.

Obviously

41.A.passedoneonB.gaveonebackC.turnedone

inD.tookoneout

42.A.sleptB.noddedC.waitedD.continued

43.A.talkingB.singingC.dancingD.listening

44.A.legsB.headsC.armsD.shoulders

45.A.teachB.imagineC.playD.understand

46.A.unpreparedB.unspokenC.unknownD.

unforgotten

47.A.gamesB.musicC.tearsD.knowledge

【答案】

36.D

37.A

38.B

39.A

40.C

41.D

42.C

43.D

44.B

45.A

46.C

47.B

【解析】

试题分析।本文讲述了作者一次上音乐课的经历来告诉读者音乐的力量在于它使人们能够相互理解

36.D;考查形容词.根据第一段的开头：refusedtosettleforthestartctfthelesson.和第二段中的：thechildren

fellRent!可知文章一开始作者试图开始上课但是教师太吵了.句怠।我试了再一种方法让他们安静下来，

但是只是徒劳无功。故选D

37.A：考查名词.根据后文的：Ithoughtteachingwasnotforma可知这是作者最后一次作为音乐老师

上课.句意：这是我作为音乐老师最后一次上课,我觉得，教书不适合我.故选A。

38.B港查动词.根据前文的：MypanicwaslisingandIcouldfedmyheartbeatingwildly,可知此时作者的内

心是生气地激动看但是至无办法，他试图让学生不去发现他此时的内心的情绪拄山倒海的激动，用shaking

来表达作者内心难以平息的怒火.故选B

39.A涔查名词.根据第三段开头‘tnyclasslayIh&ibeadsontheirdesk,closedtheiieyes…可知此时作者叫

他的学生学生将头放在桌子上然后闭上眼第，故选A

40.C;考查副词.A.Punctually准时地，如期地B.Impctftantly重要地C.Amazingly令人惊讶地D.Obviously

明显地，可知作者无意识地做法让学生迅速地安静了下来，所以在此用amazingly表示惊讶，故选C

41.D;考查动词词坦.A.passedoneon传了一个B.Gaveoneback给了一个…C.Turnedonein转了一个D

tookoneout拿出一个；句怠：触及到我的那些CD收感，我盲目地取出一张，把它放进机器里然后它放出

了声音。故选D

42.C;考查动词。根据后文的：Whenthemusicstarted,theroomwasfilled

withthemostbeautifultonesandmusicalcolors.可知当作者将音乐放进机

器里，学生们趴在自己的桌子上静静地等着音乐响起来，故选C

43.D;考查动词。老师在放音乐，当然学生们都在听，listening放在此较

其他选项都比较合适。故选D

44.B;考查名词。Raisesb'shead(s)抬起头来。句意：当音乐放完的时

候，我要求他们所有人慢慢地抬起头来，那样的话，我们就可以一起分享我们的音

乐之旅。故选B

45.A;考查动词。根据前文：Atthispoint,whenallthechildrenwere

willingtosharetheirexperiences,可知学生们从开始的不愿响应作者到最后

跟着作者一起参与其中，这让作者开始知道怎么教书了，故选A

46.C;考查形容词。A.unprepared为准备好的B.unspoken无言的C.

unknown未知的D.unforegotten难忘的；根据前文有theknowing已知的，又有

and连接，可知横向上填unknown未知的，构成像前文tearsandsmiles那样的

对比，形成对仗，故选C

47.B;考查名词。根据前文：Themusicallowedmetolearnthat

teachingisaboutsharingandrespect,tearsandsmiles,theknowingand

theunknownand,mostofall,anunderstandingofeachother.可知这些都

是音乐的好处，它让我们知道了分享和尊重，泪水和欢笑，已知与未知，最主要的

是它让我们相互了解。所以最后一句作者旨在总结：这就是课堂音乐所拥有的力量

【考点定位】记事类短文阅读。

SectionC(12marks)

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyfillingineachblank

withonewordthatbestfitsthecontext.

Researchhasbecomebothsimplerandmorecomplex.It，ssimpler

because,48youhavecomputer,youcanfindinformationyouneedby

searchingtheInternet.Forallyouinformation,youdon'thavetogo

to49librarytofindtherelevantresourceandtakenotesonit.

Instead,youcanfindsomesourcesfromtheInternet

50printthecopiesneeded.Remember,however,thatyoushouldusually

consultdifferenttypesofsources.Thatis,you51alwaysrely

justontheInternetforyouresearch.

Whilefindinginformationiseasierthanever,atthesametime,

researchinghasbecome52complex.Thereisalotmorematerial

available,whichmeansyoumaybeoverwhelmed53theamountof

information.Youneedtolearn54tosortthroughandfindthe

relevantinformationforyourparticularproject.Also,

55needtochecktheaccuracyofit.

【答案】

48.if

49.the

50.and

51.shouldn,t

52.more

53.with

54.how

55.you

【解析】

试题分析，本文讲述了如何对要儆研究的数据、值息短行收案和筛选.

48.if：作者开头所说的研究变得新单且复杂，然后根据后文的youcanfindinformationyouneedbyseaiching

theizeet可知作者想分别说荷中之处和复杂之处分别在逃.作者首先说了簿单之处在睡.句意：如果你有

电10，你就你能够通过上网熠你需要的信息.故城if

49.the：固定词组：Golothclibury去图书馆.句意：你所要的信息，邰不需要去图书馆找相关资料.儆

里记.故俄the

SO.and)findresource和poutthespies是并列关系，用and连接.句意i相反，你可以从网上找到你想要

的资料然后将它(口打印下来.故埴and

SI.sbouldn't：根据前文作者告诉我们，你应该从不同的方面找不同类型的费料.句意：那就是说,你不及

该常常依赖于互联网.故境shoukta't

52.more：根据文章的第一段开头：Roeaxchhasbecomebothsimple!asdmore8mpicx■可知第一段说完研究

变得更朗盘后，此段开始陈述研究的复杂之处，放墙moie

53.with；固定词组：beoverwbdmedwith忙卷做…,句意，有很多的材料都很适合你的研究，这就意味着

你将忙于筛选各种信息.故项with

54.how：句意：你需要知道后样从中缔选喇你研究有用的相关信息.根据句意,故墙bow

55.you,根据分析,此句缺少王语，故埴界5而不是其他代词，因为上一句的王语是you,且有also作

为连接.句意：当然，你也需要去求正它们的准蠲拄.故城you

【考点定位】科普类短文阅读。

PartIIIReadingComprehension(30marks)

Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageis

followedbyseveralquestionsorunfinished.statementsForeachofthem

therearefourchokesmarkedA.B.CandD.Choosetheonethatfits

bestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassage.

A

ForgetCyclists,PedestriansareRealDanger

Wearehavingadebateaboutthistopic.Herearesomelettersfromour

readers.

■Yes,manycyclistsbehavedangerously.Manydriversaredisrespectful

ofcyclists.Butpedestriansareprobablytheworseoffenders.

Peopleofallageshappilywalkalongthepavementwitheyesandhands

gluedtothemobilephone,quiteunawareofwhatisgoingonaroundthem.

Theymayevendothesamethingwhilecrossingaroadatapedestrian

crossingorelsewhere.Therestofushavetoevade(避让)themorjust

standstilltowaitfortheunavoidablecollision.

Therealproblemisthatsomepedestriansseemtobe,atleastforthe

moment,inworldsoftheirownthatare,tothem,muchmoreimportant

thanthewelfareofothers.

----MichaelHoran

■IlovetheletterfromBobBrooksaboutcyclists(Viewpoints,May29).

Iamafraidtheyseemtothinktheyowntheroads.

IwaswalkingacrossAltrinchamRoadonemorningwhenacyclistwent

roundmeandonbeingaskedwhathewasdoingheshoutedatme.

Thegovernmentbuiltacyclelaneontheroadbutitishardlyused.

Thepolicedonothing.Whatalaughtheyare!

Thecyclistsshouldallhavetobemadetousethecyclelanesandwear

helmets,fluorescent(发荧光的)jacketandlightsatnightandinthe

morningtheyshouldpaysomesortoftaxandbefinedfornotwearing

them.

----CarolHarvey

■Cyclistsjumponandoffpavements(whicharemeantforpedestrians),

rideatspeedalongthepavements,andthinktheyhaveaspecialrightto

gothroughtrafficlightswhentheyareonred.

Iwasalmostknockeddownrecentlybyacyclistridingonthepavement

whentherewasacyclelanerightnexttohim.

Otherroadusers,includinghorseriders,managetoobeytherulessowhy

notcyclists?

It'sabouttimetheyhadtoberegisteredandinsured,sowhentheydo

hitapedestrianoravehicle,orcauseanaccident,atleasttheycanbe

treatedandtheremightbeanopportunitytoclaim.

——JML

WritetoViewpointsofthenewspaper.

56.MichaelHoranwrotethelettermainlytoshowthat.

A.driversshouldbepolitetocyclists

B.roadaccidentscanactuallybeavoided

C.sinepedestriansareathreattoroadsafety

D.walkingwhileusingphoneshurtsone'seyes

57.CarolHarveysuggeststhatcyclistsshould_______.

A.beprovidedwithenoughroads

B.beaskedtorideontheirownlanes

C.bemadetopaylesstaxforcycling

D.befinedforlaughingatpolicemen

58.WhatisacomplaintofJML?

A.Veryfewdriversareinsured.

B.Cyclistsridefastonpavements.

C.Pedestriansgothroughredtrafficlights.

D.Horseridersdisrespectotherroadusers.

59.Theunderlinedword"they"inthethirdletterrefersto

A.accidentsB.vehicles

C.pedestriansD.cyclists

60.Thethreeletterspresentviewpointson

A.realsourceofroaddanger

B.waystoimproveroadfacilities

C.measurestopunishroadoffences

D.increasedawarenessofroadrules

【答案】

56.C

57.B

58.B

59.D

60.A

【解析】

试题分析：本文围绕一个主题展开一场争论一一谯才是马路安全隐患的威胁。

56.C;细节理解题.根据第一段中的谖后一句话：ButpedestriansarcptobaHytheworseofifcndas（但是，路

人可能才是更严重的罪犯）可知MkhadHoran的观点是，路人对道路安全存在威胁，故选C

57.B;细节理解题.根据第八段的开头；Thecyclistsshouldallhavetobemadetousethecyclelanesandwear

helmete.可知CarolHarvey建议骑自行车的人应该在他们应该走的车道去骑.故选B

58.B;细节理解题.根据倒数第四段第一句话।Cyclists…，rideatspeedakmgthepavement,and…可知JML

抱怨骑自行车的人骑的太快，对道路安全产生隐患，故选B

59.D;细节推理题.隈后一段说到：JML希望对自行车拥有者登记，当他们撞到行人或者车辆、制造出车

祸的时候，他们能够被追查到.They在此指的是cydists.故选D

60.A;主旨大意提.根据文章的标题和所有读者的来信不难发现这管文章主要是围绕谁（自行车或者行人）

才是道路安全存在的隐患.故选A

【考点定位】科普类短文阅读。

B

Initsearlyhistory,Chicagohadfloodsfrequently,especiallyin

thespring,makingthestreetssomuddythatpeople,horses,andcarts

gotstuck.Anoldjokethatwaspopularatthetimewentsomethinglike

this:AmanisstuckuptohiswaistinamuddyChicagostreet.Askedif

heneedshelp,hereplies,〃No,thanks.I'vegotagoodhorseunderme.〃

Thecityplannerdecidedtobuildanundergrounddrainage（排水）

system,buttheresimplywasn'tenoughdifferencebetweentheheightof

thegroundlevelandthewaterlevel.Theonlytwooptionsweretolower

theChicagoRiverorraisethecity.

AnengineernamedEllisChesbroughconvincedmethecitythatit

hadnochoicebuttobuildthepipesabovegroundandthencoverthem

withdirt.Thisraisedthelevelofthecity'sstreetsbyasmuchas12

feet.

Thisofcoursecreatedanewproblem:dirtpracticallyburiedthe

firstfloorsofeverybuildinginChicago.Buildingownerswerefaced

withachoice:eitherchangethefirstfloorsoftheirbuildingsinto

basements,andthesecondstoriesintomainfloors,orhoisttheentire

buildingstomeetthenewstreetlevel.Smallwood-framebuildingscould

beliftedfairlyeasily.Butwhataboutlarge,heavystructureslike

TremontHotel,whichwasasix-storybrickbuilding?

That，swhereGeorgePullmancamein.Hehaddevelopedsomehouse­

movingskillssuccessfully.ToliftabigstructureliketheTremont

Hotel,Pullmanwouldplacethousandsofjackscrews（螺旋千斤顶）beneath

thebuilding，sfoundation.Onemanwasassignedtooperateeachsection

ofroughly10jackscrews.AtPullman'ssignaleachmanturnedhis

jackscrewthesameamountatthesametime,therebyraisingthebuilding

slowlyandevenly.Astonishingly,theTremontHotelstayopenduringthe

entireoperation,andmanyofitsguestsdidn，tevennoticeanythingwas

happening.Somepeopleliketosaythateveryproblemhasasolution.

ButinChicago'searlyhistory,everyengineeringsolutionseemedto

createanewproblem.NowthatChicago,swastewaterwasdraining

efficientlyintotheChicagoRiver,thecity'snextstepwastoclean

thepollutedriver.

61.Theauthormentionsthejoketoshow.

A.horseswerefairlyusefulinChicago

B.Chicago,sstreetswereextremelymuddy

C.Chicagowasverydangerousinthespring

D.theChicagopeoplewereparticularlyhumorous

62.The