学位英语阅读理解技巧

学位英语的阅读理解文章难度比统考大了很多，为了在第一时间能够快速得知文章大意，也为了快速解决题目，在做题目前可以先浏览每段的首末句。第一课找寻主旨题的答案在阅读理解的题目中主旨题主要考查读者对文章的主题思想、写作意图等的把握。其常见的提问形式如下：*Whatisthemain/generalideaofthepassage?（文章的主要思想是什么？）*Themainthemeofthepassageis?（文章的主题是—?）*Thepassageismainlyabout?文章主要关于?*Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?下面哪个可以作为文章的标题？*Whatistheauthor,smainpoint?作者主要想表达什么？主旨题的答案通常可以在下面这些地方找到：文章开头处例文：Whatwillmanbelikeinthefuture—in5,000oreven50,000yearsfromnow?Wecanonlymakeguesses,ofcourse,butwecanbesurethathewillbedifferentfromwhatheistoday,formanisslowlychangingallthetime.问题：Thepassagemainlytellsusthat.man’slifewillbedifferentinthefuturemanisgrowingtalleranduglierastimepassesfuturemanwilllookquitedifferentfromushumanbeings,organswillfunctionweaker解题：问题是要我们答出文章主要是讲述什么的。我们只要看看这句的第一段就可以得出答案了。第一段的第2句说道"...wecanbesurethathewillbedifferentfromwhatheistoday...”，从这句话中，我们知道答案应为C。文章结尾处例文：♦♦♦Apartfromlookingafterpeopleduringthedayatwork,womenoftenhavetotakecareoffamilyathometoo,whichmaymeantheyhavelessenergytocompeteintheraceforprofessionaldevelopment.Inalmosteveryfield,toppositionsaremorelikelytobefilledbymen.Whilemostteachersarewomen,forexample,mostheadmastersarenot.Schoolcooksarewomen,headcooksaremenandevencleanerstendtobewatchedoveranddirectedbymalecaretakers.问题：Thewritermainlytellsusthat.womenarekeptbusyalldaylongwomenusuallylearnthingsfasterthanmensomewomenteacherscookbetterthantheirhusbandssomewomenhavetodocleaningatnight解题：问题要求我们答出作者在文中主要说了些什么？从文章的最后一段，我们得知妇女们不管在单位还是在家里都是非常忙碌，所以，选择A。文章开头+文章结尾例文：In1826,aFrenchmannamedNiepceneededpicturesforhisbusiness.Buthewasnotagoodartist.Soheinventedaverysimplecamera.Heputitinawindowofhishouseandtookapictureofhisgarden.Thatwasthefirstphoto....Photographyalsobecameonekindofartbytheendofthe19thcentury.Somephotoswerenorjustcopiesoftherealworld.Theyshowedideasandfeelings,likeotherkindsofart.问题：Thispassagetellsus.howphotographywasdevelopedhowtoshowyourideasandfeelingsinpictureshowtotakepicturesintheworldhowtousedifferentcameras解题：问题是要我们答出文章主要是讲述什么的。第一段中说大一个法国人需要拍一张照片，我们得知这篇文章应该和拍照片有关。在看文章的最后一段的第一句说至U-Photographyalsobecameonekindofartbytheendofthe19thcentury”（在19世纪末期拍照也成了一门艺术），这样我们得知答案应该为A：照片是如何发展起来的。在文章中间部分例文：♦♦♦Isittruethatchildrenlearnaforeignlanguagemoreefficientlythanadults?Onthecontrary,researchstudiessuggestthattheoppositemaybetrue.Onereport,on2,200DanishchildrenstudyingSwedish,concludedthattheteenagerslearnedmore,inlesstime,thantheyoungerchildren.Anotherreport,onAmericanslearningRussian,showedadirectimprovementofabilityovertheagerangetested,thatis,theabilitytolearnincreasedastheageincreased,fromchildhoodtoadulthood....问题：Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?.TeenagersaremoredifficulttoteachthanadultsDanishteenagerscanlearnSwedishfasterthanyoungerchildrencanAdultsaremorelogicalthanchildrenareTheabilitytolearnlanguagesincreaseswithage解题：问题让我们答出ABCD四个句子哪一个能够最好的表达了文章的主要思想。这个题目的答案出现在文章的中间部分。在上面的段落中，第一句提出了一个问题孩子是否比成年人更擅长学习外语呢，作者接着话锋一转，说道Onthecontrary,researchstudiessuggestthattheoppositemaybetrue.（研究表明事实却与此相反）。下面还列举了丹麦的例子，故我们得出答案为D。窍门：这类题目，我们可以阅读每个段落的第一句话和最后一句话，这是因为段落的第一句话和最后一句话总是有承上启下的作用。有时候这样读完后还是难以找到答案，此时我们可以再读一读每段的第2句话，以此类推。下面举个实例：例1Whatwillmanbelikeinthefuture—in5,000oreven50,000yearsfromnow?Wecanonlymakeguesses,ofcourse,butwecanbesurethathewillbedifferentfromwhatheistoday,formanisslowlychangingallthetime.Letustakeanobviousexample.Man,evenfivehundredyearsago,wasshorterthanheistoday.Now,onaverage,menareaboutthreeinchestaller.Fivehundredyearsisarelativelyshortperiodoftime,sowemayassumethatmanwillcontinuetogrowtaller.Againinthemodernworldweuseourbrainsagreatdeal.Evenso,westillmakeuseofonlyabout20%ofthebrain,scapacity（容量）.Astimegoeson,however,weshallhavetouseourbrainsmoreandmore,andfinallyweshallneedlargerones!Thisislikelytobringaboutaphysicalchangetoo:thehead,inparticulartheforehead,willgrowlarger.Nowadaysoureyesareinconstantuse.Infact,weusethemsomuchthatveryoftentheybecomeweakerandwehavetowearglasses.Butoveraverylongperiodoftimeitislikelythatman,seyeswillgrowstronger.Ontheotherhand,wetendtomakelessuseofourarmsandlegs.These,asaresult,arelikelytogrowweaker.Atthesametime,however,ourfingerswillgrowmoresensitivebecausetheyareusedagreatdealinmodernlife.Butwhatabouthair?Itwillprobablydisappearfromthebodyaltogetherincourseoftimebecauseitdoesnotserveausefulpurposeanylonger.Inthefuture,then,bothsexesarelikelytobebald.Perhapsallthisgivestheimpressionthatfuturemanwillnotbeaveryattractivecreaturetolookat!Thismaywellbetrue.Allthesame,inspiteofallthesechanges,futuremanwillstillhavealotincommonwithus.Hewillstillbeahumanbeing,withthoughtsandemotionssimilartoourown.问题是：Thepassagemainlytellsusthat.man’slifewillbedifferentinthefuturemanisgrowingshorterfuturemanwilllookquitedifferentfromusnowD.humanbeings,organswillnotfunctionproperly［解析］C题目问“本文主要告诉我们。”这个明显是个中心思想题，我们就按照上面提到的方法来读一读每个段落的第一句和最后一句。第一段的第一句大意是“在5000年甚至是50000年以后，人会是什么样子呢？”第一段的最后一句大意是“当然，我们只能猜测一番。但是我们可以肯定的是人类将会和今天不同，因为人类也在不断的慢慢改变。”第2段的第一句话大意是“让我们来看一个明显的例子吧。”第2段的最后一句话大意是“这有可能会带来我们身体上的变化：头部，特别是额头将会变大。”第三段的第一句话大意是“如今，我们的眼睛使用得比较频繁。”第三段最后一句大意是“但是很远的将来，人类的眼睛很可能会变得更强壮。”读到这里，其实我们已经可以看出本文主要讲述的就是未来的人类身体上可能会发生改变，从而可知答案是C(未来的人类和现在的人类长得不同)。例2Sevenweeksafterthepowerful8.0earthquakeclaimedmorethan70,000livesinChina,GailMcGovern,thenewpresidentandCEOoftheAmericanRedCrossisinChinaseeingtheneedsofthesurvivors.“ThepurposeofthistripistobuildbridgesandtohaveanopeningforadialoguewiththepeopleofChina,“McGovernsaid."JusttotellthemhowimportantChinaistoourcountryandhowmuchwewanttohelpthepeopleofChina.”McGovernandDavidMeltzer,seniorvicepresidentofInternationalServicesfortheAmericanRedCross,alongseveralotherhumanitarianorganizationsandleadersofcorporations—suchasProcterandGamble,Honeywell,Cisco,ChevronandJohnson&Johnson一traveledtoChinaattheinvitationoftheU.S.Government'sAgencyforInternationalDevelopment(USAID)OnMondayincityofYingxiu,theytalkedtostudentsandteacherswhosurvivedthecollapseoftheirschoolsduringthequake.“Byfarthemostheartbreaking,emotionalsightthatIsawwasattheprimaryschoolwhereoneyounggirldescribedtheterrorandwhathappened,“McGovernsaid."Shedescribedlosingherbrotherandlosingherfriendandthesounds;thatwasreallythemomentthatithitme:Thisisn,tjustlookingatconstruction,it,slookingatbrokenlives.”TheAmericanRedCrosshascommitted$20milliontohelptheearthquakesurvivorsrecoverandsenttworeliefexpertstotheaffectedarea.Laterthisweek,anotherreliefworkerwillbeheadingtoChinatoworkwiththeRedCrossSocietyinChinatosupportlonger-termrecoveryeffortsandhelpdetermineadditionalneeds.Althoughtherecoveryisfadingfromtheheadlines,greatneedsstillremain.EventhoughMcGovernhasonlybeeninhernewpositiontwoweeks,shesaysmeetingthesesurvivorshasreaffirmedhercommitmenttotheorganization.（共302字）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?theearthquakeinChinathenewpresidentandCEOoftheAmericanRedCrossthevisitoftheleaderoftheAmericanRedCrosstotheearthquake-affectedareainChinasurvivorsintheearthquakewhichhitChina[1]C.本题问本文主要内容是关于什么的？这是中心思想题，一般来说我们可以通过阅读每段的第一句和最后一句来得到答案。读了之后，我们发现文章多个段落讲述的都是一个美国红十字会的领导到中国地震灾区的事情，所以答案是C。A的意思是中国的地震，B的意思是美国红十字会的新任总裁和首席执行官，D的意思是中国地震的幸存者。Passagel阅读下面的文章并找出答案：Soldiersandothermilitarypeoplewearuniformswithvariousothersymbolstoindicatetheirstatus.Butinthebusinessworldeveryonewearsmoreorlesssimilarsuits,andyoucannottellataglancewhorankshigherorlowerthananother.Sohowdopeopleinthebusinessworldshowtheirsuperiority?Anattempttostudythiswasmadebytworesearchersusingaseriesofsilentfilms.Theyhadtwoactorsplaythepartsofanexecutive（经理）andavisitor,andswitchroleseachtime.Thescenehadonemanathisdeskplayingthepartofanexecutive,whiletheother,playingthepartofavisitor,knocksatthedoor,opensitandapproachesthedesktodiscusssomebusinessmatter.Theaudiencewatchingthefilmswasaskedtoratetheexecutiveandthevisitorintermsofstatus.Acertainsetofrulesaboutstatusbegantoemergefromtheratings.Thevisitorshowedtheleastamountofstatuswhenhestoppedjustinsidethedoortotalkacrosstheroomtotheseatedman.Hewasconsideredtohavemorestatuswhenhewalkedhalfwayuptothedesk,andhehadthemoststatuswhenhewalkeddirectlyuptothedeskandstoodrightinfrontoftheseatedexecutive.Anotherthingthataffectedthestatusofthevisitorintheeyesoftheobserverswasthetimebetweenknockingandentering.Fortheseatedexecutive,hisstatuswasalsoaffectedbythetimebetweenhearingtheknockandanswering.Thequickerthevisitorenteredtheroom,thehigherstatushehad.Thelongertheexecutivetooktoanswer,thehigherstatushehad.问题：Whichofthestatementscanbestsumupthepassage?Theexecutivehasahigherstatusthanthevisitor.Militarypeoplewearuniformsbutthebusinessmendonot.Astudyrevealingasetofrulesaboutthestatusofbusinessmen.Itisagoodmethodtouseaseriesofsilentfilminresearch.参考答案:C正确反馈：答案应为：Astudyrevealingasetofrulesaboutthestatusofbusinessmen.题目让我们找出下面哪一个句子可以最好的总结出文章的大意，sumup意思为总结。文章的开头一段就可以找大答案。文章的第一段说道，商业领域的人们都穿着大同小异的西服，所以很难从衣着来判断他们的地位高低。第一段的最后一句有提出了一个问题：Sohowdopeopleinthebusinessworldshowtheirsuperiority？（商业领域的人士是如何表达自己地位高低的呢？）Passage斓读下面的文章并找出答案：Theclimateofanyplaceisthekindofweather.Itusuallyhasoveralongperiodoftime.Thekindofhomeswelivein,theclotheswewear,eventhefoodsweeatdependontheclimateoftheplacewherewelive.Climateiscomplicated;itisaffectedbymanythings.Ifyoulivenearoneofthepoles,youliveinacoldclimate,foryoudonotgetasmuchdirectsunshineasyouwouldgetfartherfromthepoles.Ifyouliveneartheequator,youliveinawarmorveryhotclimate,forthisistheregionwherethesunshinesalmoststraightdown.Howmuchrainorsnowfallsmakesagreatdifferencetotheclimate.Youmayliveinahot,dryland,wherelittlerainfalls.Thiswillbeadesert.Itsclimateisquitedifferentfromthatofarainforest,whichmaybethesamedistancefromtheequatorbutrainfallsalmosteveryday.Theamountofrainthatfallsorsnowinacoldlanddependsuponthewinds,uponthenearbymountains,anduponthecurrentsinnearbyseas.Rainfalldependsonmanydifferentthings.问题：Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ClimateandWeatherB.ClimatearoundtheWorldC.ClimateD.ClimateinDifferentCountries.案应为：climate。题目让我为文章找出一个最好的标题。这其实也是主旨题。课文的第一段反复出现了climate这个词，我们心里应该明白课文肯定与climate有莫大联系，在者整文并无出现国家，所以不应该是。imateindifferentcountries而也谈不上是ClimateAroundtheWorld（世界气候），因为文章并没有具体说明世界各地的气候是如何的。Passage3阅读下面的文章并找出答案:Thefirstautomobilewasinventedmorethantwohundredyearsago.Itusedsteamforpowerandhadwoodenwheels.Thefirstautomobilemayhavebeensimpleandprimitive,butitwasanextremelyimportantinvention.Theautomobiletodayistheprimarymeansoflandtransportation.Ithasproducedmorechangesinourdailylifethananyothermachine.Almostallgasolineenginesworkinthesameway—withfourmovements,orstrokes,ofapistoninacylinder.Thefirststrokepullsthefuelmixture(gasolineandair)intothecylinder.Thesecondstrokecompressesthefuelmixture.Asparkplugproducesasparkthatignitesthefuelmixtureandcausesthethirdstroke.Thefinalstrokeremovesanywastegaseswhichmightremaininthecylinder.Theprecedingparagraphexplainswhathappensinsidethecylindertomakethepistonmove.Whenthepistonispusheddownbytheexplosioninthethirdstroke,itpushestheconnectingrod.Thisrodrotatesthecrankshaft.Thecrankshaftisconnectedtootherpartswhichturnthewheels.Mostcarstodayhavefour,six,oreightcylinders.问题：Agoodtitleforthisselectionis.A.AutomobilesB.HowaCarWorksC.TheFirstCarD.CarsandRoads参考答案:B正确反馈：答案应为：HowaCarWorks(汽车的工作原理)。题目让我为这篇文章选一个最好的标题。答案可以在文章最后两段找到。最后两段主要讲述了汽车的工作方式。第一段只提到了汽车给人们带来的影响，不过这并非是文章的主要内容。第2课细节题细节题考查学生对文章细节的把握，比如针对事情的发生时间、地点、原因等进行提问。对于细节题，我们可以采用中心词定位法来解决。具体做法如下：首先我们阅读问题，在问题中找出题干，这个题干可能是一个或多个单词，这些单词即为这个题目的中心词。找到中心词后，我们再在原文中定位这些中心词，一般来说问题的答案就出现在中心词所出现的句子中。不过要提醒大家的是，有的时候原文中找不到我们认定的中心词，这是因为原文用了一些同义词来替代这些中心词，这种情况就要求我们特别留意了。例1BarbaraJordan,oneofthemostrespectedlawyersandpoliticiansintheUnitedStates,wasthefirstblackwomanfromtheSouthtobeelectedtoCongress.ShewasborninHouston,Texas,onFebruary21,1936.Rightfromthestart,shesethighstandardsforherselfinschool.Inhighschool,MissJordandecidedtobecomealawyer.AtTexasSouthernUniversityshestudiedpoliticalscienceandhistoryandgraduatedin1956atthetopofherclass.By1959shehadearnedalawdegreefromBostonUniversity.MissJordanbeganpracticinglawatherparents,diningroomtable.Threeyearslatersheopenedherownoffice.TherestlessMissJordanfirstbrokeintopoliticsin1966,becomingthefirstblackwomanelectedtotheTexassenate.Afteranimpressiverecordasastatesenator,sheenteredthenationalscene.In1972shewonaseatintheU.S.HouseofRepresentatives.Duringhertimeinofficeshewasdevotedtohelpingminorities,thepoor,andtheelderly."Myapproachistorespectthehumanityofeverybody,“sheoncesaid.That,sjustthewayBarbaraJordanwas.问题是：WhatdidshestudyatBostonUniversity?A.Historyandscience B.LawC.Politicalscience D.Politicsandhistory［解析］题目问道：“她在波士顿大学学习什么？”这个明显是细节题，中心词是BostonUniversity。我们在原文中定位这两个中心词，发现它们出现在第三段的最后一句，该句大意是“到了1959年，她已经在波士顿大学获得了一个法律学位。“据此可知答案选择B。例2Sevenweeksafterthepowerful8.0earthquakeclaimedmorethan70,000livesinChina,GailMcGovern,thenewpresidentandCEOoftheAmericanRedCrossisinChinaseeingtheneedsofthesurvivors.“ThepurposeofthistripistobuildbridgesandtohaveanopeningforadialoguewiththepeopleofChina,“McGovernsaid."JusttotellthemhowimportantChinaistoourcountryandhowmuchwewanttohelpthepeopleofChina.”McGovernandDavidMeltzer,seniorvicepresidentofInternationalServicesfortheAmericanRedCross,alongseveralotherhumanitarianorganizationsandleadersofcorporations—suchasProcterandGamble,Honeywell,Cisco,ChevronandJohnson&Johnson一traveledtoChinaattheinvitationoftheU.S.Government'sAgencyforInternationalDevelopment(USAID)OnMondayincityofYingxiu,theytalkedtostudentsandteacherswhosurvivedthecollapseoftheirschoolsduringthequake.“Byfarthemostheartbreaking,emotionalsightthatIsawwasattheprimaryschoolwhereoneyounggirldescribedtheterrorandwhathappened,“McGovernsaid."Shedescribedlosingherbrotherandlosingherfriendandthesounds;thatwasreallythemomentthatithitme:Thisisn,tjustlookingatconstruction,it,slookingatbrokenlives.”TheAmericanRedCrosshascommitted$20milliontohelptheearthquakesurvivorsrecoverandsenttworeliefexpertstotheaffectedarea.Laterthisweek,anotherreliefworkerwillbeheadingtoChinatoworkwiththeRedCrossSocietyinChinatosupportlonger-termrecoveryeffortsandhelpdetermineadditionalneeds.Althoughtherecoveryisfadingfromtheheadlines,greatneedsstillremain.EventhoughMcGovernhasonlybeeninhernewpositiontwoweeks,shesaysmeetingthesesurvivorshasreaffirmedhercommitmenttotheorganization.(共302字)WhatisthepurposeofMcGovern,svisittoChina?toshowthatshewasthenewleaderoftheAmericanRedCrosstobuildsomebridgesfortheearthquake-strickenareainChinatodobusinesswithChinatoprovidesomehelptothesurvivorsintheearthquake[2]D.本题问“McGovern的中国之行有什么目的？”这是个细节题，可以采用中心词定位的方法。中心词是“purpose”，答案在第二段。该段大意是—McGovern说道，’这趟中国行的目的就是构筑交流的桥梁，就是开启和中国人民的对话之窗。”要告诉中国人民中国对于我们国家是多么的重要，我们是多么的想帮助中国人民,。”从此处可以看出她的中国行主要是来帮助灾区人民，所以D是答案。A的意思是“为了表明自己是美国红十字会的新领导”，B的意思是“为了给中国灾区修几座桥”（此处明显是混淆大家视线的，因为原文中有buildbridges的字样），C的大意是“为了和中国做生意”。WhichofthefollowingdidnotcometoChinawithMcGovern?peoplefromsomehumanitarianorganizationsleadersofsomeAmericancompaniesDavidMeltzerD.Johnson[3]D.本题问“下面哪些人没有和McGovern一起来中国？”这是细节题，可以先浏览选项然后直接在原文中找答案。答案在第三段，第三段中提到来中国的有DavidMeltzer，他是美国红十字会下属机构的一个领导人；还有人道主义机构的人员（humanitarianorganizations）；还包括有一些大公司的领导人（leadersofcorporations）。也就是说A、B、C都来中国了，所以D是答案。这里请注意，原文中的Johnson-Johnson（美国强生公司）是一个公司的名称并非是指某个人。WhatimpressedMcGovernmostduringhervisit?studentsandteacherswhataprimaryschoolgirltoldherthecollapseofbuildingsthesoundsoftheearthquake[4]B.本题问“中国之行中什么让McGovern印象最深？”这是细节题，但是题干中的中心词“impressed”似乎并没有在原文中出现，原文用了别的词来代替它。这也就是学位英语的难度所在了。答案在第五段，该段大意足“最让我心碎，动情的地方就是我在一所小学的所见。有个小姑娘向我讲述了发生在那里的事情和她的恐惧，,McGovern说道，’她告诉我她失去了弟弟和伙伴，向我描述了可怕的声音，这一切真让我震惊：我们看到的不仅有灾后的建设，而且有受伤的心灵。,”从这里可以看出，答案是B（一个小学女生告诉她的话语）。第3课推断题推断题考查学生的逻辑推理问题。这类问题的答案不会直接出现在文章中，而是文章的字里行间里所暗示的意思。常见的提问形式如下：WhichofthefollowingstatementsisimpliedbutNOTstated?下面哪一句话是文章暗示的，而不是直接表达出来的意思？Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.可以从文章中推测出.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat.可以从文章中得出—.解答推断题时切不可把原文中已明确陈述的事实作为答案。我们可以先浏览问题的四个选项，这样有助于我们缩小解题的范围，然后再对每个选项进行判断即可找到答案。例1：AlbertEinsteinhadagreateffectonscienceandhistory,greaterthanmosthaveachieved.AnAmericanuniversitypresidentoncecommentedthatEinsteinhadcreatedanewoutlook,anewviewoftheuniverse.Itmaybesometimebeforetheaveragemindunderstandsfullytheidentityoftimeandspaceandsoon——butevenordinarymenunderstandnowthattheuniverseissomethinglargerthaneverthoughtbefore.By1914theyoungEinsteinhadgainedworldfame.HeacceptedtheoffertobecomeaprofessoratthePrussianAcademyofScienceinBerlin.Hehadfewduties,littleteachingandunlimitedopportunitiesforstudy,butsoonhispeaceandquietnesswerebrokenbytheFirstWorldWar.Einsteinhatedviolence.Themisery（悲惨）ofwaraffectedhimdeeply,andhesatunhappilyinhisofficedoinglittle.Helostinterestinhisresearch.Onlywhenpeacecamein1918washeabletogetbacktowork.IntheyearsfollowingWorldWarOnehonorswereincreasinglyheapedonhim.HebecametheheadoftheKaiserWhithemInstituteofTheoreticalPhysics.In1921hewontheNobelPrize,andhewashonoredinGermanyuntiltheriseofNazismwhenhewasdrivenfromGermanybecausehewasaJew.问题：Itmaybeconcludedthat.AlbertEinsteinwasforcedtoserveintheGermanarmyAlbertEinsteinhadnootherinterestsbesidesscienceGermansusuallyhaveahighrespectforscienceHisreputationwasruinedbecauseofhisworkduringWorldWarI［解析］C此题问可以从文章得出。这属于推断题，我们先要浏览选项。A的意思是爱因斯坦被迫在德军服役。原文并没有提到和服兵役有关的内容，所以A错。B的大意是爱因斯坦只对科学感兴趣。原文并没有强调爱因斯坦没有别的兴趣，所以我们推断不出B。C的大意是德国人通常很崇尚科学。原文最后一段中说到，第一次世界大战后爱因斯坦在德国获得了很多荣誉，直到法西斯上台后他才因为自己是犹太裔而被赶出德国。从这里可以看出普通德国人确实很崇尚科学。D的大意是爱因斯坦在第一战期间的工作使他的名誉受到损害。这与原文最后一段的意思不符，所以D是错误的。10例2Hawaiiisdroppingtheonlystateuniversalchildhealthcareprograminthecountryjustsevenmonthsafteritlaunched.Gov.LindaLingle'sadministrationcitedbudgetshortfallsandotheravailablehealthcareoptionsforeliminatingfundingfortheprogram.Astateofficialsaidfamiliesweredroppingprivatecoveragesotheirchildrenwouldbeeligibleforthesubsidized（资助）plan."Peoplewhowerealreadyabletoaffordhealthcarebegantostoppayingforitsotheycouldgetitforfree,"saidDr.KennyFink,theadministratorforMed-QUESTattheDepartmentofHumanServices."Idon'tbelievethatwastheintentoftheprogram."StateofficialssaidThursdaytheywillstopgivinghealthcoveragetothe2,000childrenenrolledbyNov.1,butprivatepartnerHawaiiMedicalServiceAssociationwillpaytoextendtheircoveragethroughtheendoftheyearwithoutgovernmentsupport."We'reverydisappointedinthestate'sdecision,anditcameasacompletesurprisetous,"saidJenniferDiesman,aspokeswomanforHMSA,thestate'slargesthealthcareprovider."Webelievetheprogramisworking,andgivenHawaii'seconomicuncertainty,wedon'tthinknowisthetimetocutallfundingforthiskindofprogram."Hawaiilawmakersapprovedthehealthplanin2007asawaytoensureeverychildcangetbasicmedicalhelp.TheKeiki（child）Careprogramaimedtocovereverychildfrombirthto18yearsoldwhodidn'talreadyhavehealthinsurance—mostlyimmigrantsandmembersoflower-incomefamilies.（共249字）5.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?AllthechildreninHawaiihavehealthinsurance.Somefamiliesarecheatingthegovernmenttogethelpfromthechildhealthcareprogram.TheHawaiigovernmenthastostoptheprogrambecausesomefamiliesarecheatingintheprogram.HawaiiMedicalServiceAssociationisthelargesthealthcareproviderintheUnitedStates.[5]B.本题问“从文章可以推测出什么？”这是推断题，解题的第一步是先看看选项。A的意思是“夏威夷的所有孩子都有医疗保险。"B的意思是“有些家庭通过欺骗政府来获得儿童医疗保障项目的资助。”C的意思是“夏威夷政府因为很多家庭在项目中作弊额而不得不停止该项目。”D的意思是“夏威夷医疗服务委员会是美国最大的医疗救助提供机构。”从最后一段，我们可以知道并非所有的夏威夷儿童都有医疗保险，所以A是错误的。从第三段我们可以看出有些家庭本来付得起医疗费，但是他们为了得到项目的资助却不想自己来支付，所以这也是一种欺骗行为，B是可以推测出来的。而C是不对的，因为夏威夷政府停止这个项目的原因并不仅仅因为有些家庭作弊，还有其他的一些原因，比如财政预算不足等等。而倒数第二段中说夏威夷医疗服务委员会是夏威夷最大的医疗救助提供机构，并非是整个美国最大的，所以D也是错误的。11第4课词汇题：考查的是文章中出现的某些生词的含义。提问方式：*Theword"**"inline5refersto.第五行的，，**，，词语指的是.一*By—**'',theauthormeans.作者用，，**，，指的是.解答方案：词汇题考查文章中出现的某些单词或者短语的意思。常见的提问形式如下:Theword”…，inline5refersto.第五行的“……”指的是。By"…”,theauthormeans.作者用“……”指的是 二Theunderlinedword"…"inparagraphtwomeans.第二段的下划线单词“……”的意思是。对于词汇题，我们的解题思路和细节题相似，那就是我们要在原文中找到该词汇出现的句子，通常这个句子会提供一些信息让我们了解或者猜测这个词汇的意思。如果该句没有这种信息，我们可以读一读其前后句。所以，我们通过阅读这个句子再对照题目的四个选项一般都可以选择出正确答案。那么我们要如何才能在原句中找到有助于我们猜测单词意思的信息呢？我们可以从下面几个方面来考察：.利用文章中对该词语的释义来猜测。句子可能会对该词作解释或者暗示，比如有一个同义词或者同位语或者定语从句来解释这个生词。例：Iwantedtobuy10roses,butthefloristhandedme10Chinaroses.［解析］本句大意是“我想买10支玫瑰刀是这个florist却递给我10支月季。”从这话中，我们可知说话人在买花，而那个给他月季的florist相必就是“花商（花店店主）”。.利用文章中对该词语的举例来猜测。例：Wehavejustmovedintoanewapartment,soweneedtobuyalotofappliances,suchasaTVsetandawashingmachine.［解析］本句大意是，'我们刚搬入一个新的公寓，所以我们需要购买很多appliances,比如一个电视机和一个洗衣机。”根据后面的“电视机”和“洗衣机”，我们可以知道appliances的意思应该是“家用电器”。.根据对比关系来猜测词语的意思。例：Inoldtimes,fewnoblepersonseverspoketothoseofhumbleorigins.［解析］本句大意是“在旧时代，没有多少贵族愿意和那些出身humble的人讲话。”从前面的，‘贵族"，我们可以知道后面的“humble”肯定是与"noble”进行对比的，所以该词大意是“卑微的；低贱的”。.利用构词法来猜测词语的含义。例：IwishIcouldunsaythesharpwordstohim.Hemusthatemeverymuch.［解析］本句大意是，'真希望我能那些过分的话，他一定恨死我了。"我们知道“say”是“说”的意思，而前缀“un”一般表示否定，所以可以推测“Unsay”的意思是，'撤回以前说过的话”。12例题：KylieGrayden,17,ofShorewood,Minnesota,glancedatheriPodwhiledrivingwithhercousinandafriend,both17.Whensheveered（转向）offtheroadandflipped（空翻）hercarintoaditch,sheandherfriendwerekilled.Headinghomefrompractice,JonathanChapman,a16-year-oldhighschoolbasketballplayerfromLaPlata,Maryland,wasreportedlyspeedingwhenhiscarrammedanSUV.Heandthreefriends,ages14to16,werekilled.Fivedaysaftergraduatingfromhighschool,BaileyGoodman,17,ofFairport,NewYork,andfourclassmateswereontheirwaytoherfamily'scottage.MomentsaftertextmessageswereexchangedonBailey'scellphone,sheslammedintoanoncomingtruck.Allfiveteenswerekilled.Morethan5,000teenagersdieincaraccidentseveryyear."Ifwesawthesenumberscomingbackfromawarzone,itwouldbeonthefrontpageeveryday,“saysVincentLeibell,astatesenatorfromNewYork,wheresome200teensdiedincrashesin2006.Thenumbersaren'tbudging（移动）.Fatalitiesdiddropfromthemid-'70sthroughtheearly'90s,mainlybecauseoftougherseatbeltanddrunkdrivinglaws.Butsincethen,thestatisticshaveremainedstubbornlyhigh,despiteimprovedsafetyfeaturesincars.Someofthisisduetoteensthemselves."Anytimeyouhaveimmaturitycombinedwithinexperience,youhavethepotentialfordisaster,“saysNicoleNason,headoftheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration."Andthat'swhatyougetwitha16-year-oldbehindthewheel.”Butthat'snotthewholestory.Speed,distraction,anddriverinexperiencecausemostcrashes-andthosethingscanbecontrolled."Thesedeathsshouldnotbeconsideredaninevitablepartoftheteenexperience,“saysJustinMcNaull,directorofstaterelationsforAAA（AmericanAutomobileAssociation）.（共294字）2.Theunderlinedword—rammed“inparagraphtwoprobablymeans.A.metB.crashedintoC.missedD.avoided[2]B.本题问“第二段中的下划线单词'rammed'是什么意思？”这是词汇题，解题思路是浏览该词语出现的句子及其前后句。第二段就两句话，这两句话大意是“训练结束后在回家的路上，来自马里兰州拉普拉塔的16岁高中篮球选手JonathanChapman被报道因为超速而rammed了一辆SUV（运动型多功能车）。他和三个朋友，年龄都在14岁至16岁之间，全部丧生。“从这里可以看出，rammed应该是“撞上”的意思。所以，答案是B。第5课是非题是非题主要考察考生对命题的判断。我们可以先浏览问题的四个选项，然后对每一个选项进行中心词定位，从而判断每一个选项的正误，从而得出结论。是非题的常用提问形式如下：Whichofthefollowingstatementsis（Not）Trueaccordingtothepassage?下面那个句子根据文章是（不）正确的？例1：13Formostpeople,lifeiseasierandmorecomfortablethaneverbefore.Conveniencefoodsfromthesupermarketsimplifyshoppingandcooking.Householdapplianceslikethevacuumcleanerandthewashingmachinehavetakenthedrudgeryoutofhousework.Releasedfromthesehouseholdchores,manywiveshavefoundjobsoutsidethehome.Womenareachievingeconomicindependence.Families,too,aresimplertoday.InAmerican,itisnotcustomaryforparentstolivewiththeirmarriedchildren.Withourgreatermobility,relativeshavescattered,theparentsretiringtoFloridaorArizonaandtheyoungpeople,aftertheymarry,goingwherevertheirjobsortheirparentsortheirintereststakethem.Youngadultwomenhavenewfreedom,too.Whileattendingcollege,theyoftenliveawayfromhome,sometimesfarfromtheirparentsortheirrelatives.Aftercollege,theymovetothecity,findajob,andsetupabachelor'apartment.Thisistheeraofwomen'sliberation.Butallthisfreedomandaffluence（富裕）havehadanunforeseenandinsomerespectsadevastating（破坏的）effectonmarriage.问