高考英语三轮复习冲刺押题·外刊阅读理解训练

高考英语三轮复习·冲刺押题外刊阅读理解训练8——改编自Universitiestofocusontech,industry【文章】Chinahasannouncedanewplantoadjustapproximately20%ofitsuniversitymajorsby2025.Theplanaimstoestablishmajorsthatfocusonemergingtechnologiesandindustrieswhileeliminatingthosethatareunfitforsocioeconomicdevelopment.Thecountry'sgoalistocreateabout10,000national-levelmajorsand300basesthattrainstudentsinbasicdisciplines.Itwillalsobuildschoolsthatfocusonfuturetechnology,modernindustry,high-levelpublichealth,andexceptionalengineering.Currently,thereare66,000majorsofferedatChineseuniversities.Since2012,17,000newmajorshavebeenadded,whilearound10,000othershavebeenremovedorsuspended.AccordingtoChuZhaohui,aseniorresearcherattheNationalInstituteofEducationSciences,someofthesemajorsdonotalignwithrecenteconomicandsocialdevelopmenteffortsandhavealowemploymentrateforgraduates.Thenewplanaimstoprioritizepracticalskillsthatalignwithsocietaldemandandmulti-disciplinaryknowledge.Bydoingso,ithopestonarrowtheskillgapandpreparestudentsforemergingindustries'demands.Theplanhasalreadygenerateddiscussionamongeducatorsandindustryexpertsalike.Somehaveraisedconcernsoverthequalityandavailabilityoftechnicaleducationresources.Othersarguethatinterdisciplinaryeducationisessentialtopreparestudentsforarapidlyevolvingjobmarket.Regardlessoftheseconcerns,China'sefforttoupdateitscollegemajorsreflectsthegovernment'scommitmenttopromotinginnovationandpreparingyoungpeopleforthefuture.Withmoreadjustmentsandcollaborationspredictedtoemergeinthenextseveralyears,itremainstobeseenhowthisshiftwillimpactChina'shighereducationsystemanditswidereconomy.【重点词汇&词组】china[ˈtʃaɪnə]n.中国announce[əˈnaʊns]v.宣布，公布plan[plæn]n.计划，方案adjust[əˈdʒʌst]v.调整，适应approximately[əˈprɑːksəmətli]adv.大约，大概20percent百分之二十university[ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːrsəti]n.大学major[ˈmeɪdʒə(r)]n.专业establish[ɪˈstæblɪʃ]v.建立，创立focus[ˈfoʊkəs]v.集中，关注emerging[ɪˈmɜːrdʒɪŋ]adj.新兴的，不断出现的technology[tekˈnɑːlədʒi]n.技术industry[ˈɪndəstri]n.工业，产业eliminate[ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt]v.消除，取消unfit[ʌnˈfɪt]adj.不合适的，不适宜的socioeconomic[ˌsoʊsiəʊikəˈnɑːmɪk]adj.社会经济的development[dɪˈveləpmənt]n.发展，发育goal[ɡoʊl]n.目标，目的create[kriːˈeɪt]v.创造，创立national-level国家级别的base[beɪs]n.基地train[treɪn]v.培养，训练student[ˈstuːdnt]n.学生basic[ˈbeɪsɪk]adj.基础的discipline[ˈdɪsəplɪn]n.学科，纪律build[bɪld]v.建造，打造future[ˈfjuːtʃə(r)]adj./n.未来的；将来modern[ˈmɑːdərn]adj.现代的，时髦的publichealth公共卫生exceptional[ɪkˈsepʃənl]adj.异常的，杰出的engineering[ˌendʒɪˈnɪrɪŋ]n.工程currently[ˈkʌrəntli]adv.当前，现在offer[ˈɔːfə(r)]v.提供，提议chinese[tʃaɪˈniːz]adj.中国的，中文的university[ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːrsəti]n.大学2012二零一二年new[nuː]adj.新的，新近出现的remove[rɪˈmuːv]v.移除，清除suspend[səˈspend]v.暂停，中止senior[ˈsiːniə(r)]adj.资深的，高级的researcher[rɪˈsɜːtʃə(r)]n.研究员nationalinstituteofeducationsciences国家教育科学研究院align[əˈlaɪn]v.对准，使一致recent[ˈriːsnt]adj.最近的，近来发生的economic[ˌiːkəˈnɑːmɪk]adj.经济上的social[ˈsoʊʃl]adj.社会的，社交的employmentrate就业率graduate[ˈɡrædʒuət]n.毕业生prioritize[praɪˈɔːrətaɪz]v.排列优先次序，重视practical[ˈpræktɪkl]adj.实际的，实用性的skill[skɪl]n.技能，技巧societal[saɪˈaɪətl]adj.社会的，社区的demand[dɪˈmænd]n./v.要求，需求【阅读理解练习题】1.WhatpercentageofuniversitymajorsdoesChinaplantoadjustby2025?A)10%B)20%C)30%D)40%Answer:B解析：文章明确提到中国计划在2025年前调整约20%的大学专业，所以选项B为正确答案。2.Whatisthegoalincreatingnational-levelmajorsandtrainingbases?A)Toeliminatemajorsthatareunfitfordevelopment.B)Toprioritizepracticalskills.C)Topreparestudentsforemergingindustries'demands.D)Tobuildschoolsthatfocusonfuturetechnology.Answer:C解析：文章中提到创建国家级专业和训练基地的目标是为了培养符合社会需求和多学科知识的人才，并为新兴行业的需求做好准备，因此选项C为正确答案。3.HowmanymajorsarecurrentlyofferedatChineseuniversities?A)10,000B)17,000C)66,000D)300Answer:C解析：文章中提到中国大学目前提供的专业有66000种，因此选项C为正确答案。4.Whyhavesomemajorsbeenremovedorsuspended?A)Theydonotalignwithrecenteconomicandsocialdevelopmentefforts.B)Theyrequiretoomanytechnicalresources.C)Theyarenotinterdisciplinaryenough.D)Theyhavetoohighofanemploymentrateforgraduates.Answer:A解析：文章中提到一些专业因为与近期经济和社会发展努力不符和毕业生就业率低而被删除或暂停，因此选项A为正确答案。5.WhatisthemainfocusofChina'splanforuniversitymajors?A)Buildingschoolsthatfocusonfuturetechnology.B)Prioritizingpracticalskillsandsocietaldemand.C)Creating300trainingbasesforstudents.D)Eliminatingunfitmajors.Answer:B解析：文章中提到中国计划重视与社会需求相符的实用技能和多学科知识，以缩小技能差距并为新兴行业的需求做好准备，因此选项B为正确答案。6.Whatconcernshaveindustryexpertsraisedabouttheplan?A)Thequalityandavailabilityoftechnicaleducationresources.B)Thelackoffocusoninterdisciplinaryeducation.C)Thelowemploymentrateforgraduates.D)Theeliminationoftoomanymajors.Answer:A解析：文章中提到一些教育者和行业专家对该计划产生了讨论。其中一些人担心的是技术教育资源的质量和可用性，因此选项A为正确答案。7.Whatreflectsthegovernment'scommitmenttopromotinginnovationandpreparingyoungpeopleforthefuture?A)Thebuildingofschoolsthatfocusonfuturetechnology.B)Thecreationofnational-levelmajorsandtrainingbases.C)Theremovalorsuspensionofunfitmajors.D)Theadjustmentofuniversitymajors.Answer:D解析：文章指出中国调整大学专业的努力反映了政府促进创新和为未来培养年轻人的承诺，因此选项D为正确答案。8.WhatremainstobeseenregardingChina'sefforttoupdateitscollegemajors?A)Thequalityandavailabilityoftechnicaleducationresources.B)TheimpactonChina'shighereducationsystemandwidereconomy.C)Theskillgapamonggraduates.D)Thesuccessineliminatingunfitmajors.Answer:B解析：文章中指出中国更新大学专业的努力仍有更多调整和合作等待出现，尚待观察这种转变如何影响中国的高等教育体系和更广泛的经济，因此选项B为正确答案。【全文逐句对照翻译】中国宣布了一项新计划，到2025年将调整约20%的大学专业。Chinahasannouncedanewplantoadjustapproximately20%ofitsuniversitymajorsby2025.该计划旨在建立以新兴技术和产业为重点的专业，同时淘汰那些不适合社会经济发展的专业。Theplanaimstoestablishmajorsthatfocusonemergingtechnologiesandindustrieswhileeliminatingthosethatareunfitforsocioeconomicdevelopment.国家的目标是创建约1万个国家级专业和300个基础学科培养基地。Thecountry'sgoalistocreateabout10,000national-levelmajorsand300basesthattrainstudentsinbasicdisciplines.它还将建立以未来技术、现代工业、高水平公共卫生和卓越工程为重点的学校。Itwillalsobuildschoolsthatfocusonfuturetechnology,modernindustry,high-levelpublichealth,andexceptionalengineering.目前，中国大学开设了6.6万个专业。Currently,thereare66,000majorsofferedatChineseuniversities.自2012年以来，新增了1.7万个专业，同时取消或暂停了约1万个专业。Since2012,17,000newmajorshavebeenadded,whilearound10,000othershavebeenremovedorsuspended.据国家教育科学研究所高级研究员储朝晖表示，其中一些专业与最近的经济和社会发展不一致，毕业生就业率很低。AccordingtoChuZhaohui,aseniorresearcherattheNationalInstituteofEducationSciences,someofthesemajorsdonotalignwithrecenteconomicandsocialdevelopmenteffortsandhavealowemploymentrateforgraduates.新计划旨在优先考虑符合社会需求和多学科知识的实用技能。Thenewplanaimstoprioritizepracticalskillsthatalignwithsocietaldemandandmulti-disciplinaryknowledge.通过这样做，它希望缩小技能差距，让学生为新兴行业的需求做好准备。Bydoingso,ithopestonarrowtheskillgapandpreparestudentsforemergingindustries'demands.该计划已经引起了教育工作者和行业专家的讨论。Theplanhasa