2021届湖北省宜昌市葛洲坝高三9月月考英语试题（解析版）

宜昌市葛洲坝2020-2021学年第一学期高三年级九月月考英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthewomandothisevening?A.HavedinnerwithMike.B.Gooutwithherparents.C.Stayathomewithherbrother.2.Howdoesthewomankeepintouchwithherfamily?A.Bymakingphonecalls.B.Bysendingpostcards.C.ByusingtheInternet.3.Whatdidthemanbuy?A.Greentea.B.Orangejuice.C.Hotchocolate.4.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Movesomeboxes.B.Makeaphonecall.C.Driveacar.5.Whyisthemantalkingtothewoman?A.Totakeoutinsurance.B.Todescribehisillness.C.Tomakeanappointment.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Intheman’soffice.C.Inapostoffice.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Postsomepapers.B.Findafaxmachine.C.Godownstairs.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wheredidthemanmostprobablylosehisphone?A.Ontheunderground.B.Inabank.C.Inarestaurant.9.Whatwillthemandobeforefiveo’clock?A.Buyanewphone.B.Makeacalltothewoman.C.Meetthewoman.10.Howdoesthemanfeelintheend?A.Surprised.B.Grateful.C.Doubtful.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howdidthewomanbookthemovietickets?A.OntheInternet.B.Attheticketoffice.C.Onthephone.12.WhendidthespeakersplantomeettheSmithsatfirst?A.At11:30.B.At12:00.C.At2:00.13.Wherewillthespeakersgofirst?A.Tothecinema.B.Totherestaurant.C.Tothebookstore.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatdoesthemanthinkofLucy’stakingflyinglessons?A.Impractical.B.Surprising.C.Interesting.15.WhatisLucy?A.Apilot.B.Anurse.C.Adoctor.16.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Teachinacollege.B.Startherownrestaurant.C.OrganizeanItaliancookingclass.17.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whoisthespeaker?A.AnEnglishteacher.B.Auniversitystudent.C.Anewsreporter.19.Whatdoesthespeakersuggest?A.Practicinglisteningmoreafterclass.B.Tryingtounderstandeverywordwhenlistening.C.Listeningtopopsongswithoutreadingthewords.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Howtounderstandteachersbetter.B.Howtofindinterestingmaterials.C.HowtoimproveEnglishlistening.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AThebestwaytoseetheworld’sarchitecturalmarvelsistovisittheminperson.SingaporeThearchitectureofSingaporeisfuturistic,tothepointthatvisitorsmayfeelliketheyhavesteppedontoasciencefictionfilm.TheGardensbytheBayisoneofthemostvisuallystrikingcreationsthatithastooffer,consistingoflargeparklanddottedwithstrangebutwonderfulstructures.BarcelonaEveryyearmillionsofpeoplefloodintothiscolorfulSpanishcitytoseetheuniqueworksoffamedarchitectAntoniGaudi.TheTempleExpiatoridelaSagradaFamiliaisthemostpopularoftheseandisstillbeingbuiltinspiteofthefactthatworkbeganallthewaybackin1882.Soifyouwanttoavoidthecrowdsyoucantakeyourpickonyourtrip.AthensAncientarchitectureisabundantinAthens,withbuildingsthathavestoodforthousandsofyearsstillmanagingtotower.FromtheinspiringremainsoftheParthenontovariousspiritsincludingZeusandHephaestus,Athensistheplacetovisitifyouareeagertoseearchitecturefilledwithhistory.DubaiIfyouarelookingforbreath-takingarchitecture,Dubaiwillsatisfyyourcuriosity.Fromtheeye-wateringheightoftheBurjKhalifatotheimpressiveachievementofthePalmIsland,everythingseemsbiggerinDubaiandthereisluxury(奢华)inalmosteveryaspectofthecity,earningitaseriousreputationontheinternationaltravelscene.1.WhatisspecialaboutthearchitectureofSingapore?A.Supermodern. B.Extremelyold.C.Prettycolorful. D.Ratherplain.2.WhichisoneoftheworksofarchitectAntoniGaudi?A.BurjKhalifa. B.TheGardensbytheBay.C.ParthenonTemple. D.TheTempleExpiatoridelaSagradaFamilia.3.Wherewillyoutravelifyouarecuriousaboutoldtalesbehindarchitecture?A.ToSingapore. B.ToBarcelona. C.ToAthens. D.ToDubai.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个城市的建筑风格和特色。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中ThearchitectureofSingaporeisfuturistic,tothepointthatvisitorsmayfeelliketheyhavesteppedontoasciencefictionfilm.可知新加坡的建筑是未来主义风格的，以至于游客可能会觉得自己仿佛踏上了科幻电影。由此可知，新加坡的建筑的特别之处是超级现代。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中EveryyearmillionsofpeoplefloodintothiscolorfulSpanishcitytoseetheuniqueworksoffamedarchitectAntoniGaudi.TheTempleExpiatoridelaSagradaFamiliaisthemostpopularoftheseandisstillbeingbuilt,inspiteofthefactthatworkbeganallthewaybackin1882.可知每年都有数以百万计的人涌入这座色彩斑斓的西班牙城市，观看著名建筑师AntoniGaudi的独特作品。ExpiatoridelaSagradaFamilia是其中最受欢迎的一座，尽管这项工作早在1882年就开始了，但它仍在建造中。由此可知，TheTempleExpiatoridelaSagradaFamilia是建筑师AntoniGaudi的作品。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中FromtheinspiringremainsoftheParthenontovariousspiritsincludingZeusandHephaestus,Athensistheplacetovisitifyouareeagertoseearchitecturefilledwithhistory.可知从令人振奋的帕台农神庙遗迹到宙斯和赫菲斯托斯等各种神灵，如果你渴望看到充满历史气息的建筑，雅典是一个值得参观的地方。由此可知，如果你对建筑背后的古老故事感到好奇，你会去雅典旅行。故选C。BFlyingHighBarringtonIrvingmadehishistoricflightandfoundedaneducationalnon-profit-makingorganization.Hismessageforkids:“Theonlythingthatseparatesyoufromscientistsisdetermination,hardworkandastronglikingforwhatyouwanttoachieve.”Thesecret,hebelieves,ishavingadreaminthefirstplace,andthatstartswithlearningexperiencesthatinspirekidstobuildcareers.ThemomentofinspirationforIrvingcameattheageof15inhisparents’bookstore.Onecustomer,aprofessionalpilot,askedIrvingifhe’dthoughtaboutbeingapilot.“ItoldhimIdidn’tthinkIwassmartenough;butthenextdayhetookmetothecockpit(驾驶舱)ofthemercialairplaneheflew,andjustlikethatIwashooked.”Tofollowhisdream,IrvingturneddownafootballscholarshiptotheUniversityofFlorida.Hewashedairplanestoearnmoneyforaflightschoolandincreasedhisflyingskillsbypractisingathomeona$40flightsimulator(模拟)videogame.Thenanotherdreamtookhold:flyingalonearoundtheworld.Hefacedmorethan50rejectionsforsponsorshipbeforeconvincingsomepaniestodonateaircraftponents.Hetookoffwithnoweatherradar,node-icingsystem,andjust$30inhispocket.“IliketodothingspeoplesayIcan’tdo.”After97days,26stopsanddozensofthunderstorms,hetoucheddowntoacheeringcrowdinMiami.“Itwasseeingsomanyyoungpeoplewatchingandlisteningthatpushedmeintogivingbackwithmyknowledgeandexperience.”Irvinghasbeendoingiteversince.Hesetuphisnon-profit-makingorganization,ExperienceAviation(航空),aimingtoincreasethenumbersofyouthinaviationandscience-relatedcareers.Kidsattendprogrammesdealingwithhands-onroboticsprojectsandflightsimulatorchallenges.“Wewanttocreatechancesforstudentstoacplishsomethingamazing,”henotes.PerhapsIrving’smostpowerfuleducationaltoolistheexamplehisownlifeprovides.Afterlandinghisrecord-breakingflightatage23,hesaid,“EveryonetoldmeIwastooyoung,thatIdidn’thaveenoughexperience,strength,orknowledge.TheytoldmeitwouldtakeforeverandI’dneverehome.Well...guesswhat?”4.AccordingtoIrving,whatisthemostimportantinachievingsuccess?A.Meetingpeoplewhoprovideunexpectedhelp.B.Gettingachancetostudytechnicalknowledge.C.Havingsomethingspecificthatyouwanttoacplish.D.Developingmunicationwithdifferentorganizations.5.WhatIrvingrepliedtothepilotinthebookstoresuggestedthat______.A.hefeltembarrassedtorefusetheofferB.hewasdoubtfulabouthisownabilitiesC.heknewhiseffortswouldberewardedD.herealizedimmediatelyhowluckyhewas6.WhatcanwelearnaboutIrvinginParagraph3?A.Hechosetoreducehisbudgetaslowaspossible.B.Hewasfinallygivenenoughmoneytokeepgoing.C.Hegotthemostusefulflyingtipsfromhisvideogame.D.Hetookonafurtherchallengeafterheknewhowtofly.7.Irvingsetuphisnon-profit-makingorganizationbecause______.A.hehopedtobeeapublicfigureB.heexpectedtostartabusinessinotherfieldsC.hesawtherewasgreatinterestinwhathewasdoingD.hethoughthecouldteachmorethanflightschoolscould【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了BarringtonIrving学习飞行、独自一人飞越全球并成立公益组织传播飞行知识及经验的故事。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Thesecret,hebelieves,ishavingadreaminthefirstplace,andthatstartswithlearningexperiencesthatinspirekidstobuildcareers.”可知Irving认为最重要的是首先要有梦想，也就是首先你要有自己迫切想要完成的具体事情。故C项正确。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“ItoldhimIdidn’tthinkIwassmartenough;”可知Irving告诉对方自己可能不够聪明，说明他怀疑自己的能力。故B项正确。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Thenanotherdreamtookhold:flyingalonearoundtheworld.”可知在学会飞行以后，他又有了另外一个梦想：独自飞越全球。故D项正确。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段二三句“Itwasseeingsomanyyoungpeoplewatchingandlisteningthatpushedmeintogivingbackwithmyknowledgeandexperience.”Irvinghasbeendoingiteversince.Hesetuphisnon-profit-makingorganization,ExperienceAviation(航空),aimingtoincreasethenumbersofyouthinaviationandscience-relatedcareers.”可知促使他建立这个公益组织的是他看到了很多年轻人都在期待他完成目标，他要把自己的知识和经验教给更多的年轻人。他这样做有很大的好处。故C项正确。CAsanyplanepassengerwillconfirm,acryingbabyisalmostimpossibletoignore,nomatterhowhardyoutry.Nowscientistsbelievetheymayhaveworkedoutwhy.Ababy’scrypullsattheheartstrings(扣人心弦)inawaywhileothercriesdon’t,researchersfound.Researchersfoundthatababy’scrycantriggeruniqueemotionalresponsesinthebrain,makingitimpossibleforustoignorethem—whetherweareparentsornot.Othertypesofcries,includingcallsofanimalsingreatpain,failtogetthesameresponse,suggestingthebrainisprogrammedtorespondspecificallytoababy’scry.AteamofOxfordUniversityscientistsscannedthebrainsof28menandwomenastheylistenedtoavarietyofcallsandcries.After100milliseconds—roughlythetimeittakestoblink(眨眼)—twopartsofthebrainthatrespondtoemotionlitup.Theirresponsetoababy’scrywasparticularlystrong.Theresponsewasseeninbothmenandwomen—eveniftheyhadnochildren.ResearcherDrChristineParsonssaid,“Youmightreadthatmenshouldjustnoticeababyandstepoveritandnotseeit,butit’snottrue.Thereisaspecialprocessinginmenandwomen,whichmakessensefromanevolutionary(演化的)viewthatbothmenandwomenwouldberespondingtothesecries.”Thestudywasinpeoplewhowerenotparents,yettheyareallrespondingat100mstotheseparticularcries,sothismightbeafundamentalresponsepresentinallofusregardlessofparentalstatus.FellowresearcherKatieYoungsaiditmaytakeabitlongerforsomeonetorecognizetheirownchild’scriesbecausetheyneedtodomore“fine-grainedanalysis”.Theteamhadpreviouslyfoundthatourreactionsspeedupwhenwehearababycrying.Adultsperformedbetteronputergameswhentheyheardthesoundofababycryingthanaftertheyheardrecordingsofadultscrying.8.Ababy’scryisdifficulttoignorebecauseit________.A.keepsoncrying B.criesharderthanadultsC.causespeoplegreatpain D.makespeoplefeelstrongemotions9.Theunderlinedword“trigger”inParagraph2probablymeans“________”.A.cause B.remove C.avoid D.cure10.WhatmayChristineParsonsagreeto?A.Acryingbabymakesnosensetopeoplewithoutchildren.B.Parentscanhardlyrecognizetheirownbabies’cries.C.Menpaylessattentiontoacryingbabythanwomen.D.Almosteveryonemakescertainresponsetoababy’scry.11.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Howtorecognizedifferentbabies’cries.B.Whyyoucan’tgetababy’scryoutofyourhead.C.Whyababyiseasyandlikelytocry.D.Howtopreventababycrying.【答案】8.D9.A10.D11.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是为什么我们无法把婴儿的哭声从脑海中抹去。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Ababy’scrypullsattheheartstrings(扣人心弦)inawaywhileothercriesdon’t,researchersfound.可知，婴儿的哭声在某种程度上扣人心弦，会引起人们的强烈的情感共鸣，故选D。【9题详解】猜测词义题。根据第一段最后一句可知，研究人员发现，孩子的哭声扣人心弦，也就是能引起大脑独特的情感反应，所以画线单词trigger意为“引发，引起”，与A项cause意思接近。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中Thereisaspecialprocessinginmenandwomen,whichmakessensefromanevolutionary(演化的)viewthatbothmenandwomenwouldberespondingtothesecries.可知，男性和女性都会对孩子的哭声作出反应，故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段Asanyplanepassengerwillconfirm,acryingbabyisalmostimpossibletoignore,nomatterhowhardyoutry.Nowscientistsbelievetheymayhaveworkedoutwhy.Ababy’scrypullsattheheartstrings(扣人心弦)inawaywhileothercriesdon’t,researchersfound.和下文分析的原因，本文讲述的是“为什么无法把婴儿的哭声从脑海中抹去?”故选B。【易错分析】1.Ababy’scryisdifficulttoignorebecauseit________.A.keepsoncryingB.criesharderthanadultsC.causespeoplegreatpainD.makespeoplefeelstrongemotionsA、B、C项在文章中都未提到，但根据生活实际，容易误选这几项，一定要根据文章内容来选答案。DWetalkcontinuouslyabouthowtomakechildrenmore”resilient(有恢复力的)”，butwhateverweredoing,it'snotworking.Ratesofanxietydisordersanddepressionarerisingrapidlyamongteenagers.Whatarewedoingwrong?NassimTalebinventedtheword“antifragile”andusedittodescribeasmallbutveryimportantclassofsystemsthatgainfromshocks,challenges,anddisorder.Theimmunesystemisoneofthem:itrequiresexposuretocertainkindsofbacteriaandpotentialallergens(过敏源)inchildhoodinordertodeveloptoitsfullability.Children’ssocialandemotionalabilitiesareasantifragileastheirimmunesystems.Ifweoverprotectkidsandkeepthem“safe”fromunpleasantsocialsituationsandnegativeemotionswedeprive(剥夺)themofthechallengesandopportunitiesforskill-buildingtheyneedtogrowstrong.Suchchildrenarelikelytosuffermorewhenexposedlatertootherunpleasantbutordinarylifeevents,suchasteasingandsocialrejectionIt'snotthekidsfault.IntheUK,asintheUS,parentsbecamemuchmorefearfulinthe1980sand1990sascableTVandlatertheInternetexposedeveryone,moreandmore,tothoserareoccurrencesofcrimesandaccidentsthatnowoccurlessandless,Outdoorplayandindependentmobilitywentdown;screentimeandadult-monitoredactivitieswentup.Yetfreeplayinwhichkidsworkouttheirownrulesofengagement,takesmallrisks,andlearntomastersmalldangersturnsouttobevitalforthedevelopmentofadultsocialandevenphysicalpetence,Deprivingthemoffreeplaypreventstheirsocial-emotionalgrowth.NorwegianplayresearchersEllenSandseterandLeifKennairwarned:“Wemayobserveanincreasedanxietyormentaldisordersinsocietyifchildrenareforbiddenfromparticipatinginageadequateriskyplay.”Theywrotethosewordsin2011.Overthefollowingfewyears,theirpredictioncametrue.Kidsbornafter1994aresufferingfrommuchhigherratesofanxietydisordersanddepressionthanthepreviousgenerationdid.Besides,thereisalsoariseintherateatwhichteenagegirlsareadmittedtohospitalfordeliberatelyharmingthemselves.Whatcanwedotochangethesetrends?Howcanweraisekidsstrongenoughtohandletheordinaryandextraordinarychallengesoflife?Wecan’tguaranteethatgivingprimaryschoolchildrenmoreindependencetodaywillbringdowntherateofteenagesuicidetomorrow.Thelinksbetweenchildhoodoverprotectionandteenagementalillnessaresuggestivebutnotclear-cut.Yettherearegoodreasonstosuspectthatbydeprivingournaturallyantifragilekidsofthewiderangeofexperiencestheyneedtobeestrong,wearesystematicallypreventingtheirgrowth.Weshouldletgo-andletthemgrow.12.WhydoestheauthormentiontheimmunesysteminParagraph2?ATostressitsimportance B.ToanalyzethecauseofanxietyC.Toquestionthelatestdiscovery. D.Tohelpunderstandanewword13.Parentsoverprotectchildrenbecause_______A.theywanttokeepchildrenfrombeingteasedB.theyareconcernedabouttheirchildren'ssafetyC.parent-monitoredactivitiesareamustD.childrenarenotindependentenough14.Accordingtotheauthor,freeplaycan_________A.developchildren'sleadershipskills B.strengthenchildren'sfriendshipC.reducechildren'sriskybehavior D.promotechildren'sresilience15.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.StoptryingtoperfectyourchildB.IttakesgreatcouragetoraisechildrenC.Preparethechildfortheroad,nottheroadforthechild.D.Whilewetrytoteachourchildrenallaboutlife,ourchildrenteachuswhatlifeisallabout.【答案】12.D13.B14.D15.C【解析】本文是一篇议论文。主要内容是青少年焦虑症和抑郁症的比例正在迅速上升，是由于父母的过度保护，使得青少年缺少“适应力”，作者呼吁家长们懂得放手，让孩子们自己走。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的Theimmunesystemisoneofthem（免疫系统就是其中之一），此处说明免疫系统是前文提到的asmallbutveryimportantclassofsystems（很小但很重要的系统）之一，也就是用来帮助读者理解“antifragile”这个新词，故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的weoverprotectkidsandkeepthem“safe”fromunpleasantsocialsituationsandnegativeemotions（我们过度保护孩子，让他们远离不愉快的社会环境和负面情绪），由此可知，父母过分保护孩子，因为他们担心孩子的安全，故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段的freeplayinwhichkidsworkouttheirownrulesofengagement,takesmallrisks,andlearntomastersmalldangersturnsouttobevitalforthedevelopmentofadultsocialandevenphysicalpetence（孩子们在自由玩耍中制定自己的参与规则，承担小的风险，并学会掌握小的危险，这对成人社交能力甚至身体能力的发展是至关重要的）由此可知，自由玩耍可以增强儿童的适应力。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段的Weshouldletgo-andletthemgrow.（我们应该放手，让他们成长。）可推知，作者可能同意的观点是让孩子为路做准备，而不是为孩子准备路。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manyofuslivewitharoommateatsomestage．Sometimes，therecanbeproblems．Whohasn'thadanargumentaboutwhoseturnitistotakeouttherubbishorwhoshouldbetheonetoclearupafterdinner？___16___Youknowthatthere'salwayssomeoneelsearound，whichcanhelpyoufeelsafer．Thereisalwayssomeonetotalkto，soyouneverfeellonely．Besidestheseobviousbenefits，therearesomeyoumaynotnotice．___17___Toexaminetheeffectoflivingalone，Australianuniversityresearchersdidmuchresearchandfoundthatpeoplelivingalonetendedtoeatlessfreshfood，whichcanhaveasignificantnegativeeffectonlong-termhealth．However，thoselivingwithothersgenerallybenefitedfromamorevarieddietparedtothoselivingalone．___18___Theresearchersbelievethesocialandculturalrolesplayedbycooking，foodpreparationandeatingmaybeimportantconsiderations．Forexample，thoselivingwithfriendshavesomeoneelsetogoshoppingwith，andthusarelikelytobuyhigh-qualityfreshfoodregularly．___19___Ifpeoplelivingalonefindtheydonothavetheknowledgerequiredtoprepareaparticulardishorcookacertainfood，theymayfallbackonready-made，lesshealthyfood．However，iftheylivewithatleastoneotherperson，theymaybeabletoaskforhelp．Inaddition，peoplelivingalonecaneatwhatevertheywantatanytimeofthedayornight．However，it'shelpfultohavesomeonearoundwhoquestionsyourdecisiontoeatfrozenpizzaat3am．___20___So，ifyounowlivealoneandfindyourselffightingalosingbattleagainstpooreatinghabits，whynotconsidersharingahomewithsomeoneelse？Youcouldencourageoneanotherontogreaterhealthandwell-being．A.Cookingskillsmaybeanotherfactor．B.Inotherwords，roommatescandrawyourattentiontounhealthyroutines．C.Livingwitharoommatecouldbeagoodthingbecausearoommatecanshareyourexpensesandcontributetoyourhome'smaintenance．D.Forexample，we'reactuallymorelikelytoeathealthierfoodwhenlivingwithothers．E.Whatcouldexplainthesefindings？F.It'shardtofindsomeonewhodoesn'tgrateonyournerves，hasasimilarcleanlinesslevelasyouandgoestobedatthesametime．G.However，livingwithanotherpersonalsoeswithmanybenefits．【答案】16.G17.D18.E19.A20.B【解析】本文为应用说明文。本文主要介绍为什么与他人合住有利于改善你的日常饮食。【16题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本句是第一段与第二段的承上启下句。第一段说与人合住会出现问题，第二段叙述是与他人合住的好处就是让你感觉更安全等许多好处，可知这是合住的好处。由此可判断出上下文是转折关系，由此可知G项（然而，和另一个人一起生活也会带来很多好处）符合题意，故选G。【17题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空所在的第二段是叙述与他人合住的好处，而且是你没有注意到的，下面会再举一个你没有注意到的好处，例如，我们与他人一起生活时，实际上更有可能吃更健康的食物。因此D项就符合题意，故选D。【18题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。上一段说“为了研究独居的影响，研究者研究后发现独居的人吃不健康的食品。接着下一段说研究人员相信烹饪、食物准备和饮食所扮演的社会和文化角色可能是重要的考虑因素。由此可知，这是对上一段研究发现的解释，分析选项可知E项（什么能解释这些发现？）符合题意，故选E项。【19题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空后的内容可知，本段说的是独居的人可能吃不健康的食品与烹饪知识有关,因为没有这方面的知识，所以就没有烹饪技巧，不会做饭。分析选项可知A项（烹饪技巧可能是另一个因素）符合题意。故选A。【20题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据转折连词however可知前后两句意思是相反的。本空前的内容“然而，身边有人质疑你在凌晨3点吃冷冻披萨的决定对你是有帮助的。”那么下一句自然是说，合住的人对你也有不好的影响。分析选项可知B项（换句话说，室友可以把你的注意力放在不健康的套路上）正是与空前的意思相反，因此选项B符合题意。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Hansenandhis10-year-oldsonChasesearchthestreetsofSaltLakeCityeveryweekendforthehomelesstotaketolunch.TheystartedProjectEmpathy(共情)fouryearsagoto___21___ameal,listentotheirstoriesandfiguredouthowtheycould___22___help."Juststartwithasmile,ahello.Itreallyjuststartswiththat.Ifyoudoit,youcanmakeaconnection.Asmallgesturecanhavea___23___impactonotherslessfortunate,"Hansen___24___inaninterview.Someofthesesharedmealshaveturnedintostronger___25___Ward,ahomeless,was___26___inaflat.HecreditedtheHansenswithhelpinghim___27___thedifficultprocessofmovingoffthestreets."Itisgreattohavefriendswhomakeusfeel___28___andI'mimpressedwiththepair,"Wardsaid.Fatherandson's___29___havedevelopedintoapassionprojectthat____30____faithandmunity,whichemphasizesthe____31____munitymemberscanhaveinupliftingthehomeless.Theyknowtheycan'tsettlethehomeless____32____alone.They'rehopingempathywill____33____"Myhopeforthefutureisto____34____moreconnectionacrossourcountry.Wecouldandwewillsucceed____35____wehaveotherpeoplejoininandhelpthehomeless,"Chasesaid.21.A.buy B.cook C.share D.eat22.A.often B.further C.also D.even23.A.dramatic B.different C.minimum D.decisive24.A.remarked B.praised C.joked D.quoted25.A.desires B.connections C.motivations D.opinions26.A.provided B.permitted C.abandoned D.housed27.A.through B.for C.despite D.to28.A.surprised B.relaxed C.awesome D.calm29.A.dreams B.influences C.experiences D.efforts30.A.assesses B.pares C.highlights D.respects31.A.importance B.task C.chance D.role32.A.argument B.problem C.debt D.conflict33.A.goaway B.catchon C.fadeout D.giveoff34.A.spread B.miss C.exchange D.maintain35.A.before B.if C.until D.so【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.A25.B26.D27.A28.C29.D30.C31.D32.B33.B34.A35.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Hanson父子成立“共情”项目帮助无家可归者的故事。Hanson认为我们一个小小的举动，会给无家可归的人带来巨大影响。他们希望社区成员能够意识到自己可以帮助别人的角色，也希望“共情”项目可以变得流行，这样就有更多的人加入来帮助无家可归者。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：四年前，他们启动了共情项目，来共享食物、听他们的故事以及想想他们如何提供进一步的帮助。A.buy买；B.cook烹饪；C.share共享；D.eat吃。根据下文的Someofthesesharedmealshaveturnedintostronger___5___Ward可知此处用“共享”符合语境，share是原词复现，故选C项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.often常常；B.further进一步；C.also也；D.even甚至。结合上下文可知，此处是指，除了给那些无家可归人共享食物和听他们讲述自己的事情外，父子两如何为他们提供进一步的帮助，故选B项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Hansen在以此采访中说：“一个小小的行为能够给那些不幸的人带来巨大的影响。”A.dramatic巨大的；B.different不同的；C.minimum最小的；D.decisive决定性的。根据下文的HecreditedtheHansenswithhelpinghim___7___thedifficultprocessofmovingoffthestreets.可知Hansen的行为让Ward有了巨大改变，故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.remarked说；B.praised赞美；C.joked开玩笑；D.quoted引用。此处用了Hanson采访时说的一句话，故用“说”符合语境，故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些共享的食物已经变成了强有力的联系。A.desires渴望；B.connections联系；C.motivations动机；D.opinions意见。根据上文的Ifyoudoit,youcanmakeaconnection.可知此处用“联系”符合语境，connection是原词复现，故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ward，一个无家可归的人，被安置在一间平房里。A.provided提供；B.permitted允许；C.abandoned抛弃；D.housed提供住所。结合上下文可知，此处是指Hanson父子给Ward提供了一间平房用来居住，故选D项。【27题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：他感谢Hanson父子帮助他度过了搬离街道的艰难过程。A.through穿过；B.for为了；C.despite尽管；D.to向，对于。根据句意可知，此处考查固定用法helpsbthrough“帮某人度过”，故选A项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：ward说：“有让人感觉良好的朋友真好，我对他们两人印象深刻。”A.surprised惊讶的；B.relaxed放松的；C.awesome很好的；D.calm冷静的。结合上下文可知，Hanson父子帮助无家可归的人，和他们共享食物、给他们提供住所等，这让他们感觉非常好，故选C项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲和儿子的努力已经发展成为一个强调信仰和社区的激情项目，它强调了社区成员能够帮助无家可归者的角色。A.dreams梦想；B.influences影响；C.experiences经历；D.efforts努力。结合上下文可知，此处是指父子两帮助无家可归的人的努力，影响了周围的人，故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.assesses评估；B.pares比较；C.highlights强调；D.respects尊敬。根据下文的whichemphasizesthe___11___munitymemberscanhaveinupliftingthehomeless.可知此处用“强调”符合语境，highlight和emphasize是同义词复现，故选C项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.importance重要性；B.task任务；C.chance机会；D.role角色。结合上下文可知，此处是指社区的每个成员都可以帮助无家可归的人，即每个人都可以充当帮助别人的角色，故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们知道，以他们的一己之力无法解决无家可归的问题。A.argument争论；B.problem问题；C.debt债；D.conflict冲突。根据常识可知，无家可归是一个社会问题，故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们希望“共情”可以变得流行。A.goaway走开；B.catchon变得流行；C.fadeout淡出；D.giveoff散发（光/热/气体）。根据上文的Theyknowtheycan'tsettlethehomeless___12___alone.可推测，他们希望“共情”这个项目可以变得流行，这样可以让更多的人来帮助无家可归者，故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Chase说：“我将来的愿望是在全国范围内传播更多的联系。我可以且一定会成功，如果有其他人加入来帮助无家可归者。”A.spread传播；B.miss错过；C.exchange交换；D.maintain维持。根据下文的acrossourcountry可知此处用“传播”符合语境，故选A项。【35题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.before在……之前；B.if如果；C.until直到；D.so因此。根据句意可知，此处用“如果”符合语境，故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AtHarvardUniversity’sSandersTheater,fourNobellaureates(获奖者)waitonstagetopresentawards.___36___(hold)annuallyatHarvard,theIgNobelPrizehonor10achievements—usuallyscientificresearchthatfirst___37___(make)peoplelaugh,andthenthink.Scienceisoftenseen___38___aformaldiscipline(学科)inwhichresearchersstudyweightyquestions.“The___39___(tradition)viewisthatifthereisscienceandlaughtertogether,something’swrong.Andinfact,it’salmosttheopposite,”saysMarcAbrahams,founderoftheIgNobels.Quirky(古怪的)questionsandsimplecuriositycandrivemoreseriousscientific___40___.(breakthrough).“Scientistsarereallykids.They’retheones___41___arereallycurious.That’sanimportantaspectofscience,”saysDudleyHerschbach,whowontheNobelPrizeinChemistryin1986.Someofthemostfamousscientistsinhistoryhaveshownthatcuriosityabouttheworldaroundthem.CharlesDarwin,forexample,conducted____42____hecalled“fool’sexperiment.”Sometimesexploratoryresearchcan___43___(eventual)leadtobigdiscoveries,too.JohnO’Su