2023年中考英语二轮复习非谓语动词学案含部分答案

中考英语二轮复习语法专题----非谓语动词复习学案班级姓名___执教人签名______【课堂学习】非谓语动词概述:定义：在句中不充当谓语的动词，叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词没有时态、语态的变化非谓语动词分类：动词不定式todo/省略to的不定式do、动名词doing和分词（现在分词doing、过去分词done)动词不定式的句法功能功能例句备注做主语、形式主语Itisdangeroustoswimalone.Toswimaloneisdangerous.Itisadj.(of/forsb.)todoIttakes(sb.)+时间段todo做表语Theaim/purposeisto...目的是...做宾语Heplannedtogoabroad.特殊疑问词+todoMrJiangdidnotknowwhatheshoulddo.MrJiangdidnotknowdo.decide/know/forget/rememberwhy不可以和todo连用做状语betooadj.todobeadj.enoughtodoI’mhappytohearthegoodnews.Mysisteristooyoungtogotoschool.Igetupearlyeverymorningtocatchthebus.Iamoldenoughtotakegoodcareofmyself.原因状语结果状语结果状语目的状语做宾补Thepolicemanwarnedhimnottodriveafterdrinking.Ask/want/allow/advise/remind/encourage/invite同位关系Armstrongreceivedtheordertocuttheflightshort.theway/reason/order/chance/courage/ability主谓关系ArmstrongbecamethefirstmantowalkontheMoon.theonly/thenext/thebest/thefirst/thelast动宾关系Canyougivemeapentowritewith?(writewithapen)与不定代词连用Doyouhavesomethingtosay?修饰something/nothing/anything等不定代词常见接todo作宾语的动词~todosth.的动词：Offer/fail/seem/plan/manage/decide/promise/choose/afford/prepare…常见接todo作宾补的动词：Ask/want/allow/advise/remind/encourage/invite等动词不定式省略to的情况一感feel/二听hear,listento/三让let,make,have/四看see,watch,notice,lookat主动语态省略to被动语态还原toB.动名词的句法功能功能例句备注作主语Takingacoldshowereverymorningdoeshimgood.Itisawasteoftimediscussingsuchmatterswithhim.动名词作主语时，谓语动词用三单定语awashingmachine.=amachineforwashing作宾语Doyoumindmyclosingthedoor?(作动词的宾语)Ilookforwardtoreceivingyourlettersoon.to是介词动词的宾语,也可以作介词的宾语。作表语Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.=Collectingstampsismyhobby.作宾补IsawmysonplayingfootballwhenIwalkedpasthisschool.感官动词常接动名词作宾语的(短语)动词Enjoy/finish/mind/practice/suggest/admit/avoid/consider/imagine常接动名词作宾语的动词/短语~doingsth.need/require/can’thelp/consider/spend/avoid//insist/mind/practise常接动名词作宾语的(短语)动词giveup/lookforwardto/putoff/feellike/can‘thelp/be/getusedto/keep(on)/dowellin/thinkabout/makeacontributionto/payattentionto/devote….to….注意区别：todo,doing作某些动词的宾语时意义不同remember/forget/regrettodosth.要做remember/forget/regretdoingsth.做过continue/stoptodosth.做另一事continue/stopdoingsth.同一件事trytodosth.设法/尽力做trydoingsth.尝试做C.现在分词的句法功能功能例句备注作定语具有形容词的性质,部分表示正在进行Thereisasleepingbabyoverthere.Doyouknowthegirlstandingunderthetree?位于被修饰词的前面，分词短语一般位于被修饰词的后面。表语等同于形容词Theresultofthegameisverysurprising.可以被very，rather等副词修饰，而且也可以有比较级作宾语补足语Iheardthedoorbellringing.代表正在进行/主动关系作状语表示动作发生的时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或伴随等。Hefelloffthebike,breakinghisleftleg.Whenreadingthenovel,Iheardthetelephonering.Livingfarfromtheschool,hehastogetupearlyeverymorning.Agroupofchildrenweresittingaroundtheteacher,playinggames.Gettingupearlier,youwillcatchthebus.Knowingallthis,Istillwantedtohaveatry.(作结果状语、主动关系)(作时间状语、主动关系)(作原因状语)（主动关系)(作伴随状语)（主动关系)(作条件状语)（主动关系)(作让步状语)（主动关系)D.过去分词的句法功能功能例句表示含义作定语Heisaretiredworker.Whoweretheguestsinvitedtoyourpartylastnight?（表示已完成）（表示被动）作表语主语所处的状态或感受，可视为形容词Weweregreatlysurprisedatthenews.（表示被动，充当形容词）作宾补及物动词的过去分词与宾语构成被动关系Youshouldmakeyourselfunderstood.Whenshewokeup,shefoundhermothergoneIwillhavemywatchrepaired.（表示被动）（表示已完成、状态）（表示被动）作状语(时间，条件，原因，方式，伴随等)Frightenedbythenoiseoutside,thelittlegirldarednotsleepinherbedroom.Seenfromthehill,ourschoollooksmorebeautiful.（表示被动）（表示被动）【课堂巩固】单项选择(2011●淮安市)1.IspendmuchmoretimeplayingbasketballthanI_______formylessons.A.spendtoprepare B.dopreparing C.dotoprepare D.spendprepare(2012●淮安市)2.---Howaboutclimbingthehill?---Iwouldratheralongtheriverthanthehill.I'mabittired.A.walk；climbB.walking；climbingC.walking；toclimbD.walk；toclimb(2013●淮安市)3.Attimes,parentsfinditdifficult________withtheirteenagechildren.A.talk B.talked C.talking D.totalk(2014●淮安市)4.---Whatelseshouldwepayattentionto_______buildingthebridge?---Thechangeoftheweather,Ithink..A.finish B.finished C.tofinish D.finishing(2016●泰州市)5.---MrLing,Ihavesomedifficultythearticle. ---Rememberitthreeorfourtimesatleast.A.tounderstand;reading B.understanding;readingC.understanding;toreadD.tounderstand;toread(2013●南京市)6.---Whyareyousoexcitedtoday?---Weweretold_____apicnicthisweekend.A.have B.tohaveC.havingD.had(2013●南通市)7.---Simon.Ihearyouaregoingabroadforfurtherstudy.Haveyoudecided______?---NextSeptember.A.whengoing B.whentogoC.howgoing D.howtogo(2017●常州市)8.---Whydoesn’tthesurgeonstop____________lunch?---Becauseheistoobusy__________adyingpatientintheoperationroom.A.tohave;tosave B.having;tosave C.tohave;saving D.having;saving(2017●泰州市)9.Dianausedto________towork,butnowsheisusedto_______becausetheroadiscrowdedandshewantstokeepfit.A.drive;walking B.drive;walk C.driving;walk D.driving;walking(2011●苏州市)10.---Thesaidsorrytome,butIwouldn'tlisten. ---Itisfoolishofyou_______othersforthemistakes.A.forgive B.notforgiveC.toforgiveD.nottoforgive(2017●淮安市)11.Theresearchhedevotedhimselftothefarmershaveabetterharvestisveryimportant.A.helping B.tohelp C.help D.helped(2013•无锡市)12.Don'tthrowawaythewastepaper.Itneeds_______sothatitcanbereused.A.todestroy B.destroying C.tocollect D.collecting(2011•徐州市)13.Whatbadweatheritwas!Wedecided__________.A.togooutB.nottogooutC.tonotgooutD.notgoingout(2016•盐城市)14.Wemustdoeverythingwecan______wastewaterfromrunningintorivers.A.prevent B.prevented C.preventing D.toprevent(2013•镇江市)15.---Helenisathoughtfulgirl.---Yes.Ithinksheis______planeverythingwell.A.tootalentedto B.talentedenoughtoC.sotalentedthatD.suchatalentedgirlthat【课后拓展】一、动词填空1、Hespeaksloudlytomakehimself(hear)clearly.2、Doyouknowtheboy(lie)underthetree?3、Heisoftenseen(play)footballontheplayground.4、ThesciencefictionbooksJohnlooksforwardto(sell)wellonthemarket.5、ThegirlwhowroteTheDiaryofaYoung_____________(name)AnneFrank.6、ItriedmanywaysIcouldthinkof(stop)thelittleboyfromcrying.7、Weshoulddomore(spread)Chinesespinit,ChinesevalueandChinesestrength.8、Therearelotsofboys(fly)kitesinthepark.9、Hehadhiswallet(steal)whenhewasshopping.10、Yourmobilephonesrequire_________(turn)offwhilehavingameeting.11、Howluckyyouare__________(live)intheneighborhoodlikethat!12、Thepurposeis_____________(warn)thestudents_____________(notsmoke).13、Weshouldstopthepollution___________(live)ahappierlifenow.14、Mytime(spend)inreadingbookseveryweekisabouttenhours.15、---Whatheenjoys_________(sound)greatandinteresting.---Yes,butitisdangerous.二、阅读理解Inrecentyears,large-scale(大规模的)treeplantationprogrammesareapopularwaytodealwiththeclimatecrisis(气候危机).Thesetrees,theystorelotsofcarbondioxidefromtheair.Theygiveusoxygenwebreathe.Andthere’snodoubtthattherighttreesintherightplaceisagoodthing.However,large-scaletreeplantingisbecomingaproblem.YatirforestisIsrael’slargestforest.Butthefourmilliontreesareactuallyhavingawarmingeffectontheplanet.Andthebrightdesertsurfacereflected(反射)moresunlightthanthepresentdarkertreecanopy(树冠)thatreplacedit.Thisforestismakingglobalwarmingworse.WhattheYatirforestwarnsusisthatchoosingtherightlocationisveryimportant.Thewronglocationcanalsouseupgroundwateranddryupstreams.Choosingtherightlocationisn’ttheonlychallengeforlarge-scaletreeplantations.Mostofthetime,thesetreeplantingprogrammeschooseonetypeoftrees.Theyarebadforbiodiversity(生物多样性).Anotherbigproblemisplantingthewrongtypeoftrees.InSouthAfrica,theintroductionofnewtypesoftreeshasledtocoveringlargeareasofland.Thecountrynowspendsmillionsofpoundsclearingthetreeseveryyear.So,protectingtheforestswouldbeabetteruseofourtimeandresources.Weshouldallowspacearoundtheforestsforthemtonaturallyexpand.Andit’sthebestwaytogetmoretreesontheplanet.Oneplacewhereplantingtreesisgoodisinthecities.Treeshelpreducenoise,improveairquality,helppreventflooding,andevenimproveyourphysicalandmentalhealth.Thereisnoonesolutiontotheclimatecrisis.Wehavetouseallthetoolsathandtoreducegreenhousegasesandslowdownglobalwarming.1．Theunderlinedword“replaced”inParagraph2probablymeans________.A．解释 B．解决 C．取消 D．取代2．Whichisthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?(①=Para1

②=Para2...)A．①//②③④⑤//⑥ B．①//②③④//⑤⑥C．①②//③④//⑤⑥ D．①②//③④⑤//⑥3．Whataretheproblemsoflarge-scaletreeplantingaccordingtothepassage?a.Choosingthewronglocation

b.Plantingtreesinthebigcitiesc.Plantingthewrongtypeoftrees

d.ChoosingonlyonetypeoftreesA．abd B．abc C．acd D．bcd4．Thepurposeofthepassageis________.A．tocallonpeopletotakeactiontoprotecttheenvironmentB．toaskmorepeopletoplantmoretreesintheirdailylivesC．towarnpeopletochoosetherightlocationtoplanttreesD．toremindpeopletopaymuchattentiontotheirhealth三、Theproblemsomepeoplehavewithhomeworkisnotthattheyfindittoohard,orthatittakestoolong,butthattheyf___1___whattheyhavetodoandforwhen.Thismaybebecausetheydon’twritedownexactlywhatn___2___tobedone,ordon’tmakeanoteofwhenithastobehandedin.Ifyouhaveaplannerforschool,makegoodu___3__ofittorecordwhatyouneedtodo.Ifnot,useadiaryornotebooktomakenotesofwhathastobehandedi