高二英语选择性必修第三册同步课时(8)Unit3LearningaboutLanguage

2020-2021学年高二英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第三册同步课时作业（8）Unit3LearningaboutLanguage1.他们似乎已经历了一场毁灭性的地震Theyseem__________________adestructiveearthquake.2.我发烧了,所以我考虑明天去看医生。Ihaveafever,soIconsider__________________thedoctortomorrow.3.我通过听英语歌提高英语水平。。IimprovemyEnglish___________________________________.4.He_______(release)fromprisonafterservingasentenceoffiveyearstheyearbeforelast.5.Theproblemthattheteacherreferredtoinhislecturewasbeyondmy______(comprehend).6.Wemustensurethattourismdevelops_____harmonywiththeenvironment.7.Iaskedmygroupmemberswhattheydid_______(limit)theamountofcarbondioxideproducedintheirdailylives.8.Robertissaid______(study)abroad,butIdon'tknowwhichcountryhestudiedin.9.Thedoctoradvisedme______(take)acompleterestsothatIcouldmakeacompleterecovery.10.Thevirusthatisspreadinginthatregioncanlead______deadlycomplications,suchaspneumonia.11.Onlywheneachofusrealizestheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironmentcanwehavea______(harmony)earth.12.Jennysaid,"Ihavefinishedmyhomework."___________________________________13."DoyoucomefromAustralia?"LiuJunpingaskedBob.______________________________________________14."Whoareyouwaitingfor,Tom?"askedNancy._____________________________________15.Heaskedme,"Howwillyougettotheparty?"_______________________________________16.Gases,likeblackcarbon,methane(甲烷)andozone(臭氧)incitysmog,arecalled"short-livedclimatepollutants(污染物)",whichexistbothoutdoorsandindoorsanddecreaseagriculturalcrops.WHOsaysemissionsfromtheseclimatepollutantscausemanyseriousillnesses,includinglungcancer.Andthesepollutantsareresponsibleformanyofthemorethan7millionprematuredeathseachyearthatareconnectedtoairpollution.MariaNeirainWHOsaysthepollutantshaveastrongimpactonclimatechange.Butthegoodnewsisthattheyonlystayintheatmosphereforafewdaysto10years.Thatismuchshorterthancarbondioxide,agreenhousegasthatcanremainforhundreds,oreventhousandsofyears.AccordingtoMariaNeira,whenyouaddresstheshort-livedpollutants,youcanreduceemissionsveryrapidly,andthenimproveairquality.Youwillhaveanimmediatereductionintheillhealthanddiseasesbecauseofthereductionofairpollution.WHOhasmanyavailableandaffordablewaystoreducetheseshort-livedclimatepollutants.Atthetopofthelistiscuttingvehicleemissionsbyrequiringhigheremissionandefficiencystandards.Moreemissionsarereleasedwhenenginesarerunning.Indoorairpollutionalsocontributestopoorhealthandprematuredeath.WHOreportsthatnearly3billionlow-incomehouseholdsrelyon"dirtyfuels".Coal,woodandkeroseneusedforcookingandheatingareexamples.Cleanerandmoreefficientstovesandfuelalternativescouldcutdownonhealthrisks.Anotherwaytocutbackonthesepollutantsistohavemoreinvestmentandpoliciesforrapidtransport.Theseincludebuses,trains,bicyclesandpedestrianorwalkingroutes.Theseinvestmentcouldhavemanybenefits,includingsafertravel,reducedhealthrisksfromnoiseandairpollutionandmorephysicalactivity.TheWHOreportalsocallsforencouraginghigh-incomeandmiddle-incomepopulationstoincludemoreplant-basedfoodsintheirdiets.Itsaysthiscouldtheriskofdevelopingreduceheartdiseaseandsomecancers,andcouldalsoslowthemethanegasproductionthatcomeswithsomeanimal-sourcedfoods.1.The"short-livedclimatepollutants"aresocalledbecause______.A.theycausemanytodieyoungB.theyexistshorterthanthegreenhousegasC.theyliveindoorsforashorttimeD.theyhaveashorteffectonpeople'shealth2.Theunderlinedword"address"inParagraph4means"______".A.liveonB.talkaboutC.dealwithD.turnto3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthewholepassage?A.Richpeoplehardlyevereatplant-basedfoodsindailylife.B.Noemissionsarereleasedfromstoppedengines.C.Governmentsshouldtakemeasurestofightpollution.D.Heartdiseaseandsomecancersarecausedbythepollutants.4.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?A.ThewaystofightairpollutionB.Reducing"short-livedclimatepollutants"tosavelivesC.SomesourcesofseriousairpollutionD.AreportonpollutionfromWHO17.Polarbearsareundergoinghungerinaworld①_____(warm)thaneverbefore.Polarbearsliveintheenvironmenttoocoldformostanimals.Formostoftheyear,theyliveandhuntonArcticseaice.Naturehasprepared②_____(they)forthecoldconditions.Butnothinghaspreparedthebearsforthedanger③_____threatenstheironlyhome.Polarbears'worldismelting.Studiesshowthatpolarice④_____(reduce)by9.8%every10yearssince1978.Nowabout20,000to25,000polarbearsliveintheArctic.Polarbearsdepend⑤_____seaicefortheir⑥_____(survive)."Seaiceismorethanjusttheplatformthatthebearswalkover,"saysAndrewDerocher,⑦_____scientistwhostudiesNorthAmericanpolarbearpopulations."Withoutit,theycan'texist."⑧_____(melt)andrefreezingofpolariceisnatural.Butinawarmerworld,thecyclespeedsup,andpolarbearshavelesstime⑨_____(hunt).Normally,theyhavethreemonthsinthespringwhentheygainmoreweight.Theextrafatwillbeused,whenthebearsarenot⑩_____(active)hunting.答案以及解析1.答案：2.答案：3.答案：bylisteningtoEnglishsongs4.答案：tohaveexperiencedgoingtoseewasreleased解析：考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：前年他在服刑5年后被释出狱。主语He与release之间为被动关系，因此用被动语态；根据时间状语theyearbeforelast判断此处用一般过去时。主语是He，因此填wasreleased。5.答案：comprehension解析：考查名词。句意：我无法理解老师在他的讲座中提到的那个问题。beyondone'scomprehension某人无法理解。6.答案：in解析：考查固定搭配。句意：我们必须确保旅游业的发展与环境相协调。inharmonywith意思为"与……和谐，与……一致"。7.答案：tolimit解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我问我的组员他们做了什么来限制在他们的日常生活中产生的二氧化碳的量。动词不定式在此处表示目的。8.答案：tohavestudied解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：据说罗伯特曾经在国外学习过，哪个国家。从后面studied所用过去时态可知这一事件早已发生，即study表示的动所以须用tohavedone形式。9.答案：totake但我不知道是在作发生在issaid之前，解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:医生建议我完全休息以便我能彻底康复。advisesb.todosth.意思为"建议某人10.答案：介词。句意：to导致，引起，to是介词。11.答案：做某事"。to解析：考查正在那个地区传播的病毒可能导致致命的并发症，比如肺炎。leadharmonious解析：考查词性转换。句意：只有当我们每个人都意识到环保的重要性时，我们才能拥有一个和谐的地球。由空格后的名词earth可以判断，此处应该填形容词作定语。12.答案：Jennysaidthatshehadfinishedherhomework.13.答案：LiuJunpingaskedBobif/whetherhecamefromAustralia.14.答案：NancyaskedTomwhohewaswaitingfor.15.答案：16.答案：1.细节理解题。由文章第三段中的atmosphereforafewdaysto10years.Thatismuchshorterthancarbondioxide,agreenhousegasthatcanremainforhundreds,oreventhousandsofyears.可知，"短期气候污染物"是由于它们在B。youcanreduceemissionsveryrapidly,andthenimproveairquality.Youwillhaveanimmediatereductionintheillhealthanddiseasesbecauseofthereductionofairpollution可知，这是解决掉"短期气候污染物"的结果。由此可推知，画线单词"处理掉，解决掉"。liveon以……为食；talkabout谈论；dealwith处理，应付；turnto转向。故选C。3.推理判断题。由第第二段中的Anotherwaytocutbackonthesepollutantsistohavemoreinvestmentandpoliciesforrapidtransport.可推知，C。4.主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了什么是"短期气候污染物"以及它们给人类带来的危害，剩下的五段内容提出了解决方案。只有选项B中的pollutants"可与本文主题"‘短期气候污染物’"呼应，其中的Reducing也与最后几个段方案呼应。故选B。17.答案：①warmer②them③that/which④hasreduced⑤on/upon⑥survival⑦a⑧Melting⑨tohunt⑩activelyHeaskedmehowIwouldgettotheparty.1-4BCCB解析：Butthegoodnewsisthattheyonlystayinthe空气中存在的时间比温室气体短而得此名。故选2.词义猜测题。由画线单词后的的