2022年安徽省黄山市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题一卷(含答案)

2022年安徽省黄山市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题一卷(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Theauthorbelievesthatagoodknowledgeofgenderdifferencesinwaysoftalkingmighteventuallyleadto______.

2.

Humanreproductiondependsonarangeofactivitiesandeventsand______.

3.

Thegrantofapatentonanimportantinventionisagreatsocialevent.

A.YB.NC.NG

4.

RudolphFisherandWallaceThurmandiedrespectivelyonDecember______and______,193

5.VirtuallyallpatientschoosetotoleratesideeffectswhenconfrontedwiththechoicebetweendyingfromHIV-AIDSandsideeffects.

6.

Intheyearswheninflationoutpaceswageincrease,manyfamiliesintheU.S.hardlygetby.

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

Gossipsarealwayswithanevilintention,andthestoriesarealwaysuntrue.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

Meritwillhavetostartwithamorelucrativelegaljobinsteadofherfavoriteposition--apublic-intarestattorneybecauseshehasto______.

9.

Whenstudentsknowaboutthereasonsfortakingtests,theywillapproachthemwith______.

10.

TheexperienceoftheforeignteacherinChengduremindsusofaChinesesaying"afallintothepit,againinyourwit'.

A.YB.NC.NG

11.Changeblindnessreferstothephenomenonthat______.

A.manypeoplefailtonoticethebigchangearoundthem

B.peopletendtoignorethesmallchangesinthesurroundings

C.people'schoicescanbeeasilyinterruptedbyabigchange

D.quiteafewpeopledonothaveagoodsenseofdirections

12.

Keepingatimelogisaveryeffectivewaytofindout______.

A.whatactivitiesyouaredoingeveryday

B.howyouarespendingyourtimeevery'day

C.whatbenefitsyoucangainbymanagingtime

D.howyoucanimproveyourperformanceatwork

13.Whyaresleddogssaidtobephysicalwonders?

A.Becausetheyareraisedbywolves.

B.Becausetheycanstandmostsevereweather.

C.BecausetheyarefastestrunneramongArcticanimals.

D.Becausetheycanbeargoodslikehorsesdo.

14.TrustMe,I'maRobot

Withrobotsnowemergingfromtheirindustrialcagesandmovingintohomesandworkplaces,roboticistsareconcernedaboutthesafetyimplicationsbeyondthefactoryfloor.Toaddresstheseconcerns,leadingrobotexpertshavecometogethertotrytofindwaystopreventrobotsfromharmingpeople.InspiredbythePugwashConferences—aninternationalgroupofscientists,academiesandactivistsfoundedin1957tocampaignforthenon-proliferationofnuclearweaponsthenewgroupofrobo-ethicistsmetearlierthisyearinGenoa,Italy,andannouncedtheirinitialfindingsinMarchattheEuropeanRoboticsSymposiuminPalermo,Sicily.

"Securityandsafetyarethebigconcerns,"saysHenrikChristensen,chairmanoftheEuropeanRoboticsNetworkattheSwedishRoyalInstituteofTechnologyinStockholm.Shouldrobotsthatarestrongenoughorheavyenoughtocrushpeoplebeallowedintohomes?Is"systemmalfunction"ajustifiabledefenceforaroboticfighterplanethatcontravenes(违反)theGenevaConventionandmistakenlyfiresoninnocentcivilians?

"Thesequestionsmayseemhardtounderstandbutinthenextfewyearstheywillbecomeincreasinglyrelevant,"saysDr.Christensen.AccordingtotheUnitedNationsEconomicCommissionforEurope'sWorldRoboticsSurvey,in2002thenumberofdomesticandservicerobotsmorethantripled,nearlysurpassingtheirindustrialcounterparts.Bytheendof2003thereweremorethan600,000robotvacuumcleanersandlawnmowers—afigurepredictedtorisetomorethan4mbytheendofnextyear.Japaneseindustrialfirmsareracingtobuildhumanoidrobotstoactasdomestichelpersfortheelderly,andSouthKoreahassetagoalthat100%ofhouseholdsshouldhavedomesticrobotsby2020.Inlightofallthis,itiscrucialthatwestarttothinkaboutsafetyguidelinesnow,saysDr.Christensen.

Stoprightthere

Sowhatexactlyisbeingdonetoprotectusfromthesemechanicalmenaces?"Notenough,"saysBlayWhitby.Thisishardlysurprisinggiventhatthefieldof"safety-criticalcomputing"isbarelyadecadeold,hesays.Butthingsarechanging,andresearchersareincreasinglytakinganinterestintryingtomakerobotssafer.Oneapproach,which.soundssimpleenough,istrytoprogramthemtoavoidcontactwithpeoplealtogether.Butthisismuchharderthanitsounds.Gettingarobottonavigateacrossaclutteredroomisdifficultenoughwithouthavingtotakeintoaccountwhatitsvariouslimbsorappendagesmightbumpintoalongtheway.

"Regulatingthebehaviourofrobotsisgoingtobecomemoredifficultinthefuture,sincetheywillincreasinglyhaveself-learningmechanismsbuiltintothem,"saysGianmarcoVeruggio."Asaresult,theirbehaviourwillbecomeimpossibletopredictfully,"hesays,"sincetheywillnotbebehavinginpredefinedwaysbutwilllearnnewbehaviourastheygo."

Thenthereisthequestionofunpredictablefailures.Whathappensifarobot'smotorsstopworking,oritsuffersasystemfailurejustasitisperformingheartsurgeryorhandingyouacupofhotcoffee?Youcan,ofcourse,buildinredundancybyaddingbackupsystems,saysHirochikaInoue.Butthisguaranteesnothing,hesays."Onehundredpercentsafetyisimpossiblethroughtechnology,"saysDr.Inoue.Thisisbecauseultimatelynomatterhowthoroughyouare,youcannotanticipatetheunpredictablenatureofhumanbehaviour,hesays.Ortoputitanotherway,nomatterhowsophisticatedyourrobotisatavoidingpeople,peoplemightnotalwaysmanagetoavoidit,andcouldenduptrippingoveritandfallingdownthestairs.

Legalproblems

Inanycase,saysDr.Inoue,thelawsreallyjustsummarizecommonsenseprinciplesthatarealreadyappliedtothedesignofmostmodernappliances,bothdomesticandindustr

A.Thenon-proliferationofnuclearweapons.

B.Saferobotsinallaspectsoflife.

C.Robot-ethicsinthenewcentury.

D.Restrie6onontheuseofrobotsasaweapon.

15.

Forsomereason,computerdisasterrecoveryis______bymanyofus.

A.neverignoredB.alwaysignoredC.achievedD.stimulated

16.______hastemporaryeffectonrelievingstress,butnotoneliminatingit.

A.Goingwindow-shopping

B.Readingagoodbook

C.Usingprescriptionmedications

D.Eatingproperly

17.

PaulSheardbelievesthatinspiteoftheprobablereductionofChina%currentaccountexcess,theincreaseinthe______shouldbelikelytocompensateforthisreduction.

18.

Asamatteroffact,wetosomeextentpay______wheneverweareinvolvedinpurchasetransactions

19.

Childrentendtohaveslightlyhighernormaltemperaturethanadults.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

SinceQuartzclocksarebothinexpensivetoproduceinmassscaleand______inperformance,theycontinuetodominatethemarket.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.听力原文：ThenumberofspeakersofEnglishinShakespeare'stimeisestimatedtohavebeenaboutfivemillion.Todayitisestimatedthatsome300millionpeoplespeakitasanativelanguage,mainlyintheUnitedStates,Canada,GreatBritain,Ireland,SouthAfrica,AustraliaandNewZealand.InadditiontothestandardvarietiesofEnglishfoundintheseareas,thereareagreatmanyregionalandsocialvarietiesofthelanguageaswellasvariouslevelsofusagethatareemployedbothinitsspokenandwrittenforms.Infact,[30]itisimpossibletoestimatethenumberofpeopleintheworldwhohaveacquiredanadequateworkingknowledgeofEnglishinadditiontotheirownlanguage.ThepurposeforEnglishlearningandthesituationsinwhichsuchlearningtakesplacearesovariedthatitisdifficulttoexplainandstillmoredifficulttojudgewhatformsanadequateworkingknowledgeforeachsituation.

ThemainreasonforthewidespreaddemandforEnglishisitspresentimportanceasaworldlanguage.Besidesservingtheindefiniteneedsofitsnativespeakers,Englishisalanguageinwhichsomeofimportantworksinscience,technologyandotherfieldsarebeingproduced,andnotalwaysbynativespeakers.Itiswidelyusedforsuchpurposesasairportcommunications,internationalconferences,andthespreadofinformationovertheradioandtelevisionnetworksofmanynations.Itisalanguageofwidercommunicationforanumberofdevelopingcountries,especiallyformerBritishcolonies.[31]Manyofthesecountrieshavemultilingualpopulationsandneedalanguageforinternalcommunicationinsuchmattersasgovernment,commerce,industry,lawandeducationaswellasforinternationalcommunicationandforentrancetothescientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentsintheWest.

(30)

A.Languagespeopleuseininternationalcommunication.

B.ThepopularityofEnglishasaworldlanguage.

C.ThedevelopmentofEnglishasanativelanguage.

D.ThevarietyofEnglishinspokenandwrittenforms.

22.听力原文：W:IcertainlywouldliketobuythebrownsuitIsawinthedepartmentstore,butdon'thaveenoughmoney.

M:Well,ifyouwouldbudgetyourmoneymorecarefully,youwouldbeabletobuyit.

Q:Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewoman?

(13)

A.Sheshouldbecarefulabouthermoney.

B.Sheshouldbuythebrownsuit.

C.Sheshouldfindanotherjobtomakemoremoney.

D.Sheshouldn'tbuythebrownsuit.

23.听力原文：M:Julie,I'veheardyou'vegotanonlinedegreethroughdistancelearning.Congratulations!

W:Thankyou,Richard.ThatisattributedtotheincreasedavailabilityoftheInternetthroughouttheworld.

M:Yonknow,I'mquiteinterestedinonlinelearning.Canyoutellmewhyyouchosethiswayofstudying?

W:Well,forme,themostcompellingreasonsfortryingtogetanonlinedegreearetimeandmoney.

M:Whatdoesthatmean?

W:Withanonlinecourse,youcanenrollinaclass,doassignmentsontheInternet,andevencommunicatewithclassmatesinchatroomsoronbulletinboards.Alloftheseactivitiescanbeclonefromthecomfortofyourhomeorlaptop:anytime;anyplace.

M:Thatseemsverynice.

W:Yes.Besides,gettingsuchadegreecanbecheaper,becauseyoudon'thavetopayassociatedcostsrelatedtoanoverseasadventure:airfare,housing,localtransportation,etc.

M:Oh,thatsoundsquiteattractive.

W:Butremember:forallthesebenefits,thereareanumberofobstaclestothiskindoflearning.

M:Really?Whatarethey?

W:Aboveallelse,youhavetoconsiderhowadegreefromanonlineschoolwillhereceivedbyfutureemployers.Insomecountries,companiesmightfeelthattheacademicstandardsofsuchanonlineinstitutionarenotaschallengingorrigorousasaregularresidencyprogram.

M:Oh,Isee.Doesithaveanyotherdisadvantage?

W:Sure.Youprobablywon'thaveface-to-facecontactwithotherstudentssinceeverythingisonline.Suchcontactisveryimportantinlearninghowtodealwithmanyaspectsofnon-verbalcommunicationthataren'tobviousinanonlinechatroom.

M:Thatmakessense.Thankyouforyourinformationaboutgettingonlinedegrees.

W:You'rewelcome.

(23)

A.Thebenefitsanddisadvantagesofdistanceeducation.

B.Howtogetanonlinedegree.

C.TheadvantagesofdoinghomeworkontheInternet.

D.HowtocommunicatewithclassmatesontheInternet.

24.

【B4】

25.(35)

A.Musictheylikecanrelievedepressionbutdistractattention.

B.Musictheylikecanreducestressandimproveconcentration.

C.Classicalmusicandrock-and-rollincreasetheirheartrateandexpandthebreathing.

D.Wearingheadphonescanhelpconcentratewhentheyareperformingoperations.

26.听力原文：M:WherecanIbuyacomputer?Itdoesn'thavetobethebestonthemarket.I'mjustgoingtouseittodoword-processing.

W:Youcouldgotoacomputerstore,oradiscountstore,butifIwereyou,I'dlookintosomeofthespecialoffersthroughtheuniversity.Isawsomethinginthepaperjustlastnight.

Q:Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetheman?

(19)

A.Tobuythecomputeratadiscountstore.

B.Toputanadinthenewspaperforacomputer.

C.Togotoacomputerstoretobuythecomputer.

D.Tobuythecomputerattheuniversityasaspecialoffer.

27.(43)

28.听力原文：M:IwonderifyoucanfinishyourpaperbyMondayafternoon.

W:I'msorryDr.Johnson,Idon'tthinkIcanfinishitthatearly.Thursdaymorningwouldbetheearliestthatyoucouldhaveit.

Q:Whenwillthewomanhandinherpaper?

(18)

A.BeforeMondayafternoon.

B.BeforeThursdaymorning.

C.OnMondayafternoon.

D.AfterThursdaymorning.

29.(25)

A.Aboutfourdays.

B.Aboutthreedays.

C.Abouttwodays.

D.Aboutoneday.

30.(31)

A.Fivemilliondollars.

B.Fortythousanddollars.

C.Onemilliondollars.

D.Fiftythousanddollars.

31.听力原文：M:What'sNeilgoingtodowhenheleavesschool?

W:Untilafewmonthsagohewasgoingtogotouniversity,buthe'schangedhismind.Nowhereckonshe'sgoingtomakeitinthepopworld.

M:Andhowdoyouparentsfeelaboutthat?

W:Wethinkhe'smakinganenormousmistake.

M:Butsurelyhecangobacktohisstudiesifhismusiccareerfails.

W:That'strue,butoncehegetsatasteoffreedom,he'llfinditmoredifficulttogobacktocollege.Ijustthinkit'ssuchawasteminthreeyears'time,he'llhavegothisdegreeandhe'llstillbeyoungenoughtotryoutthemusicbusiness.Atleastifitdoesn'tworkouthe'llhaveaqualificationbehindhim.

M:Haveyoudiscussedthiswithhim?

W:Ofcourse,buthe'smadeuphismind.We'rejusthopingthathe'llgetoutofhissystemandthencometohissenseandgobacktohisstudies.WhenIleftschoolIdidn'tgoontouniversity,andI'veregrettediteversince.Ijustdon'twanthimtomakethesamemistakeasIdid.

M:Willyousupporthimwhilehe'stryingtobeapopsinger?

W:Youmeanfinancially?No.Hewon'tbelivingathome,andwecan'taffordtopayforhimtoliveinLondon,soit'suptohimtomakeitwork.

(20)

A.Gotouniversity.

B.Got6amusicschool.

C.Starthismusiccareerasapopsinger.

D.Startabusinessinthemusicworld.

32.(41)

33.

【B9】

34.(32)

A.Whenyoucompleteclassroominstruction.

B.Thefederalgovernment,settherulesforgettingalicense.

C.Youneedtotakeatesttogetalicense.

D.ALearner'sPermitisnotacertificateensuringyoutodrive.

35.

【B3】

36.(34)

A.Theytrustthemedia.

B.Theyrespectexperts.

C.Theyarewillingtolearnaboutnewthings.

D.Theyaregoodatlearningforeignlanguages

37.听力原文：M:Idon'tenjoydatinganymore．Ican'tseemtofindanyoneIhaveanythingincommonwith．

W:Don'tfeeldiscouraged．Bepatient．Asyouaresodistinguished，youwilldefinitelyfindthepersonwhoisrightforyou．

M:Totellyouthetruth,Iamtiredofbeingalone．IhopetofindmyMrs.Right．WhatshouldIdo?

W:Doyoubelieveininternetmatchmakingservice?

M:That'sreallyanewwalkoflife,whatisitexactly?

W:Ithelpsmatchupsinglestheworldover，andhelpsfindthemanandwomanoftheirdreams．

M:oh,itmustbetothetasteofacertaingroupofpeople．

W:TheadvertisementsaidDreamDateshasmarchedupthousandsofSinglestheworldover!

M:Unbelievable!Theymustbeexaggeratingthefigure!

W:Lookatthewaytheymanagetheirbusiness；theycollectapplicants'photos，andgivetheapplicantsquestionnairestofilloutastoWhattypeofCharactertheyare．

M:Idon'tbelieveseveralquestionscandecidethetypeofpersonyou're．People'sCharactersarecomplicatedandkeepchangingallthetime．

W:Anyway,itseemsthatthingsWorkwellthisway.Theinformationandspecificationswillbeenteredinalargecomputerdatabase．

M:Acomputertodecideyourbestdate?That'sreallyridiculous!

W:Look,itpromises：DreamDatesprovidesexpertdatingserviceandaplacesinglestomeet．We'llintroduceyoutothepersonuniquelyqualifiedtobeyourpartner.

M:Sheerslogans!Notreliable!

W:Itsaysyoucanenrollinafreetrialmembership!

M:Iwon'tdoiteventheypaymeforthat!

W:Well，wedon'thavetobelievemaybeIcantellJohn，andseewhetherhe'dliketotryit.

(20)

A.Becausehecan'tfindanidealdate.

B.Becauseheistoocommonaperson.

C.Becausehehasfailedtorealizehisdreams.

D.BecauseheisdeceivedbyMrs.Right.

38.

【B10】

39.听力原文：Wehavemettheenemy,andheisours.Weboughthimatapetshop.Whenmonkey-pox,adiseaseusuallyfoundintheAfricanrainforest,suddenlyturnsupinchildrenintheAmericanMidwest,it'shardnottowonderifthediseasethatcomesfromforeignanimalsishominginonhumanbeings."Mostoftheinfectionswethinkofashumaninfectionsstartedinotheranimals,"saysStephenMorse,directoroftheCenterforPublicHealthPreparednessatColumbiaUniversity.

It'snotjustthatwe'regoingtowheretheanimalsare;we'realsobringingthemclosertous.Popularforeignpetshavebroughtawholenewdiseasetothiscountry.AstrangeillnesskilledIsaksen'spets,andshenowthinksthatkeepingforeignpetsisabadidea."Idon'tthinkit'sfairtohavethemaspetswhenwehavesuchalimitedknowledgeofthem,"saysIsaksen.

"Lawsallowingtheseanimalstobebroughtinfromdeepforestareaswithoutstrictercontrolneedchanging,"saysPeterSchantz.Monkey-poxmaybethewake-upcall.Researchersbelieveinfectedanimalsmayinfecttheirowners.Weknowverylittleaboutthesenewdiseases.Anewbugmaybekindatfirst.Butsomestrainsmaybecomeharmful.Monkey-poxdoesn'tlooklikeamajorinfectiousdisease.Butitisnotimpossibletopassthediseasefrompersontoperson.

33．Whatdowelearnaboutthepetsoldattheshop?

34.WhydidIsaksenadvisepeoplenottohaveforeignpets?

35.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestwemayhavetodointhefuture?

(30)

A.ItmaycomefromColumbia.

B.Itmaysufferfrommonkey-pox.

C.Itmayenjoybeingwithchildren.

D.Itmaypreventusfrombeinginfected.

40.听力原文：W:HowdidBillfinallygotoNewYork?Firsthewasgoingtofly,thentotakethebus.ButthelasttimeItalkedtohimhehadn'treallydecided.

M:Heendedupdrivinghisowncar.Theplanewastooexpensive,andthebuswastooslow.

Q:HowdidBillgotoNewYork?

(18)

A.Bycar.B.Byplane.C.Bytrain.D.Bybus.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

LiuXiang

Asia'sGoldRush

AsLiuXiangracedtovictoryinthe1I0-meterhurdlesattheAthensOlympics,hislegspumpingwithflawlessprecisiontoclockaworldrecord-tyingtimeof12.91sec.Thepaniccreepingintosportsannouncers'voiceswasalmostpalpable((明显的).EventhoughChinahadtoutedthe21-year-oldShanghainativeasamedalhopeful,fewintheWestknewthatChinahadadecenthurdler,muchlessarecord-makingone.Stunnedbythevictory,aGreekTVannouncerstammered:"Infirstplace,it's...it'saChineseman."FoiledbytheXinLiu'sgivenname,thebroadcastersidesteppedtheproblem:"HeisMr.Liu.CongratulationstoMr.LiufromChina."

TheworldhadbettergetusedtoMr.Liuandhisgivenname(XiangispronouncedShee-ahng).Withhischiseled(轮廓分明的)jawandwinningsmile,LiuhasalreadybeentappedasapitchmanforCoca-ColaandNike.Moreimportantly,theChinesehurdlerservesasthecharismaticiconofacontinentgalvanizedbyanunprecedentedathleticascendancy,justasAsiagearsuptowelcomethenextSummerOlympicstoitshometuff.Backhome,Liuisbelovedforhisnaturalpersona,inmarkedcontrasttomostofChina'sother6liteathletes,whocanonlyoffertheirfanscannedstatementsabouthowmuchtheylovetheirmotherland.Liudoespayobligatorytributetohisnation,butherevelsinthelimelight,beltingoutkaraokesongsonChineseTVandevenengaginginflirtybanterwithprettyanchorsonair.

UnlikethevastmajorityofChineseathletes,Liuwasnotpickedbythesportssystem.Instead,theboywithhighlightedhairandaself-professeddisdainforcoach-mandatedcurfews(宵禁)wentknockingonthedoorsofsportsschoolshimself.Fourmonthsintorunninghurdles,hewasdoingtimesinnationaltrialsthatplacedhiminthetopechelonsofhisagegroup.

Liuwasn'ttheonlyAsiantoexcelinasportinwhichtheregion'sathleteswereexpectedtobeoutclassed.KosukeKitajima,22,wontwoswimmingevents,helpingJapantripleitsgold-medaltallyfromSydneytoAthens.Thesedays,observesTatsuoSekineofmarketresearcherCMDatabank,Kitajimaissopopularthathecommandsabout$450,000peradvertisementinJapan.SaysSekine:"Heisasymbolof[our]long-awaited[economic]recovery."China'sLiuXiang,however,isasymbolofsomethingvisceralandemotional,somethingallAsianscantakepridein:thepureecstasyoftriumph."Forsomeathletes,it'sjustajob,"Liusays."Forme,it'swhatIlove."

Atthe2004AthensOlympics,LiuXiangracedtovictoryinthe110-meterhurdles,clocking12.91secondsthat______theworldrecord.

42.

WhichofthefollowingartistspioneeredCubistart?

A.Cezanne.B.Picasso.C.Michelangelo.D.Anunknownartist.

43.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Byeducation,Imeantheinfluenceoftheenvironmentupontheindividualtoproduceapermanentchangeinthehabitsofbehavior,ofthoughtandofattitude.Itisinbeingthussusceptibletotheenvironmentthatmandiffersfromtheanimals,andthehigheranimalsfromthelower.Theloweranimalsareinfluencedbytheenvironmentbutnotinthedirectionofchangingtheirhabits.Theirinstinctiveresponsesarefewandfixedbyheredity.Whentransferredtoanunnaturalsituation,suchananimalisledastraybyitsinstincts.Thustheant-lionwhoseinstinctimpliesittoboreintoloosesandbypushingbackwardswithabdomen,goesbackwardsonaplateofglassassoonasdangerthreatens,andendeavors,withtheutmostexertionstoboreintoit.Itknowsnoothermodeofflightorifsuchalonelyanimalisengageduponachainofactionsandisinterruptediteithergoesonvainlywiththeremainingactions(asuselessascultivatinganunsownfield)ordiesinhelplessinactivity.Thusanet-makingspiderwhichdigsaburrowandrimsitwithabastionofgravelandbitsofwood,whenremovedfromahalffinishedhome,willnotbeginagain,thoughitwillcontinueanotherburrow,evenonemadewithapencil.

Advanceinthescaleofevolutionalongsuchlinesasthesecouldonlybemadebytheemergenceofcreatureswithmoreandmorecomplicatedinstincts.Suchbeingsweknowintheantsandspiders.Butanotherlineofadvancewasdestinedtoopenoutamuchmorefar-reachingpossibilityofwhichwedonotseetheendperhapseveninman.Habits,insteadofbeingbornready-made(whentheyarecalledinstinctsandnothabitsatall)wereleftmoreandmoretotheformativeinfluenceoftheenvironment,ofwhichthemostimportantfactorwastheparentwhonowcaredfortheyounganimalduringaperiodofinfancyinwhichvaguerinstinctsthanthoseoftheinsectsweremoldedtosuitsurroundingswhichmightbeconsiderablychangedwithoutharm.

Thismeans,onemightatfirstimagine,thatgraduallyhereditybecomeslessandenvironmentmoreimportant.Butthisishardlythetruthandcertainlynotthewholetruth.Foralthoughfixedautomaticresponseslikethoseoftheinsect-likecreaturesarenolongerinherited,althoughselectionforpurificationofthatsortisnolongergoingon,yetselectionforeducabilityisverydefinitelystillofimportance.Theabilitytoacquirehabitscanconceivablyinheritjustasmuchascandefiniteresponsestonarrowsituations.Besides,sinceamechanism-isnow,forthefirsttime,createdbywhichtheindividual(incontradictiontothespecies)canbefittedtotheenvironment,thelatterbecomes,inanothersense,lessnotmoreimportant.Andfinally,lessnotthehigheranimalsthatpossessthepowerofchangingtheirenvironmentbyengineeringfeatsandthelike,apowerpossessedtosomeextentevenbythebeaver,andpreeminentlybyman.Environmentandheredityareinnocaseexclusivebutalwayssupplementaryfactors.

Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?

A.TheEvolutionofInsects

B.EnvironmentandHeredity

C.Education:TheInfluenceoftheEnvironment

D.TheInstinctsofAnimals

44.Tosolvethesummerreadingslide,researchersattheUniversityofTennesseesuggest______.

A.schoolsprovidefreebookstochildren

B.childrenreadincompanywiththeirparents

C.childrendiscusswithfriendsafterreading

D.parentsbuysomeclassicsfortheirchildren

45.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Standingupstraightandkeepingyourbodycenteredmayseemlikesecondnaturetomostofus.Butforpeoplewithbalancedisorders,itisanythingbuteasy.Wobbly(摇晃的)andunsureontheirfeet,theyoftenhavedifficultywalkingandare【C1】______tofalls,aleadingcauseofinjuryanddeathintheelderly.

Certaindiseasesandmedications,orthenormalcourseofaging,can【C2】______thesensorysignalstransmittedtothepartofthebrainthatgovernsgravitationalstability,whichiswhypeoplebecomeunsteady,dizzyor【C3】______.

Nowscientistshavedevelopedanovelbalancefeedbackdevicethatweighsless,thanapoundandcanbewornonabeltlikeapager.Itmayhelpcorrectbalancedifficultiesbyprovidingsuffererswiththesensorydatatheyaremissing.

Anestimated20%ofAmericanssufferfrombalancedisorders.Thesedifficultiescanbe【C4】______byvariousinfections,headinjuries,aging,illnessessuchasmultiplesclerosis(硬化症)andParkinson'sdisease,orinnereardamage,whichcanbecausedbyMeniere'sdisease,poorbloodcirculationorsomeantibiotics(抗生素).

Althoughmaintainingbalancemayseemeffortless,keepingyourbodystableisagravity-defyingskillthatrequiresinputfromthreemainsenses.Thebrain【C5】______informationfromourvision,fromthevestibular(balance)systemintheinnerearandfromthe