2023年广东中考英语阅读理解B篇专题训练

2023年广东中考英语阅读理解B篇专题训练

A

Jerryisaworld-famousmountainclimber.Hehasclimbedmanyhighmountainsintheworld.Startingin2015,

heandhisfriendsspenttwoyearsonanadventure（探险）inSouthAmerica,covering7,800miles.Hewaseven

namedadventureroftheYearbyafamousgeographymagazinein2018.

AlthoughJerryhadachievedgreatsuccess,hedidn'tfeelfulfilled.Heaskedhimself,46Isitenoughtoclimbthe

highestmountains?AmIdoingsomethinghelpful?HowcanIturnmyadventuresintosomethingthatcanhelpthe

world?”

Jerrylearnedthatscientistsneedplants,rocksandwatersamples（样本）fromplacesfarawaytodo

research.Butscientistscan'tgettherethemselvesassuchplacesarehardtoreach-onlythebravestadventurerscan

makeit.Jerrythoughthecoulddosomethingtohelp.Hethencameupwithanidea.Hesetupateamoftop

adventurerstocollectsamplesforscientists.Bystudyingthesamples,scientistscouldknowmoreabouttheearth

andfindwaystoprotectit.

RecentlyJerryandhisadventurerfriendshavediscoveredaspecialplantlifeonMountQomolangma.The

samplestheybroughtbackhavehelpedscientistslearnhowplantsliveinextreme（极端的）conditions.

ForJerry,thiskindofadventureismostsatisfying,t€Suchadventureshavemadeusseelifeinadifferentway.

Now,beingthebestclimberisn'timportantforme.Whatmattersisdoingsomethinghelpfulwhileclimbing

mountains.Thereisstillmuchmorewecando."Jerrysaidtoanewspaper.

l.WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout?

A.Jerry'sfriends.B.Jerry'sachievements.

C.Highmountains.D.Ageographymagazine.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"fulfilled”inParagraph2mean?

A.Satisfied.B.Lonely.C.Patient.D.Worried.

3.WhydidJerrysetupateamoftopadventurers?

A.Tomakefriends.B.Tohelpscientists.

C.Tostudyplants.D.Totrainscientists.

4.Jerry,sandhisfriends9adventureshavechanged.

A.theirhobbiesB.theirfriendship

C.theirunderstandingoflifeD.theirlivingconditions

5.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.DangerousMountainClimbingB.ImportantScientificDiscoveries

C.PlantsFoundonHighMountainsD.AdventuresTurnedintoSomethingGreater

B

Accordingtoaresearch,morethan130billionpoundsofuneatenfoodgotowasteinLaura'scountyeachyear.

Thatisabout30%oftheyearlyfoodsupply（供应）.Itisasadfact,especiallywhenyouconsiderhowmany

familiesandhomelesspeopleareinhunger.

WhenLaurasawherschooldininghallthrowawayfoodthatwasnoteatenatalleveryday.shecameupwith

anidea.Shestartedaprojecttohelpherschooldininghalltogiveawayuneatenfoodtohomelessshelters（庇护所）

inhercommunity.Inthepastthreeyears,thesameprotecthasspreadtootherschoolsandsomefastfood

restaurantsthroughoutthecity.TheprojectiscalledFeed&Find,andhasalreadyfedthousandsofpeopleinhercity.

Howdoesitwork?Throughanapp,Feed&Findmatcheslocalhomelessshelterswithschooldininghallsand

restaurantsthathaveuneatenfoodtoprovide.Whendininghallsorrestaurantshaveuneatenfoodleft,theycanuse

theapptosharetheinformationaboutthefood.Atruckdriverworkingfortheprojectisthensenttopickitupand

takeittoashelter.

Prettycool,right?It'snotsuiprisingthatpeopleinothercitieshavegotintouchwithLaura,tohopingthatshe

couldhelpdevelopsimilarprojectsfbrtheircommunities.

Somepeople,however,haveconcernsaboutthesafetyoftheuneatenfood.Theythinksuchfoodmaynotbe

cleanenough.Still,thisprojectisacleverwaytohelpsolvetheproblemoffoodwasteandithelpsthoseinneed.

56.ThenumbersinParagraph1tellus.

A.somepeoplearepoorB.foodwasteisserious

C.thepopulationislargeD.theresearchisinteresting

57.Laura'sprojectfirstgotfoodfrom.

A.herschooldininghallB.herfamily

C.afastfoodrestaurantD.ahomelessshelter

58.PeopleinothercitieswouldlikeLaurato.

A.findatruckdriverB.visittheircommunities

C.giveawayfoodtothemD.helpdevelopprojectslikehers

59.Thcunderlinedword"concerns“inthispassagemeans.

A.waysB.secretsC.worriesD.decisions

6O.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.ADingGuideAppB.AFoodSharingProject

C.DrivingServiceAppD.AFoodSafetyProject

c

OncethereweremanythousandsofGourmaDesert（沙漠）elephantsinMali,acountryinWestAfrica.Now,

therearefewerthanfourhundred.

Whydidthenumberoftheelephantsdropsoquickly?Ontheonehand,theelephants'mainlake,theironly

watersource（来源）,driedup.Ontheotherhand,thelandwhichtheelephantslivedonwasoverusedbyhumans.

Toprotecttheclephants^ivingenvironment,theMaliElephantProject（MEP）wasstartedin2007.

MEPmetwithlocalpeopleandhelpedthemmakerulesofusingandwater.Asaresult,thesituationbecamebetter

andtherewasmorefood,forestandgrassland.

However,from2012to2016,poaching（偷猎）andillegaltradeintheelephantsincreasedrapidly.Eightythree

elephantswerelostin2015alone,andanotherfifty-oneelephantwerekilledin2016.“Ifthissituationgoeson,all

theGourmaelephantswillbekilledby2020,“saidamemberofMEP.

Luckily,thevoiceofMEPwasheard.Moreorganizations（组织）havejoinedtogethertoeducatethelocal

peoplethattradingelephantsisagainstthelaw.Elephantpoachinghasdroppedtoaverylowlevel.Thelocalpeople

havelearnedtolivepeacefullywiththeelephants,oneofthewildlifetreasuresintheworld.

56.MEPwasstartedto.

A.raisemoreelephantsinMaliB.stopthemainlakefromdryingup

C.discoverwatersourceforelephantsD.protecttheelephantsHivingenvironment

57.Whatdoestheword'Hlegal^inParagraph4meaninChinese?

A.公平的B.亏损的C.非法的D.合理的

58.Eighty-threeelephantswerelost.

A.in2012B.in2015C.in2016D.in2020

59.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat.

A.thenumberoforganizationshasdropped

B.thereismuchlesselephantpoachingnow

C.thelocalpeoplekeeptheelephantsathome

D.thewholeworldlivepeacefullywithelephants

60.Thispassageismainlyabout.

A.therulesofusinglandandwater

B.theeducationofthelocalpeople

C.theworkofMaliElephantProject

D.thesituationofGourmaDesertelephants

D

Inourdailylife,robotsareoftenfoundtodoworkthatistoodangerous,boring,difficult,ordirty.Andwe

oftenseekidsplaywithtoyrobots.

Butwhatexactlyisarobot?Therearesomeimportantcharacteristics(特征)thatarobotmusthave.These

characteristicsmighthelpyoutodecidewhatisandwhatisnotarobot.Itwillalsohelpyoutodecidewhatyou

willneedtobuildintoamachinebeforeitcanbeconsideredasarobot.

Arobothastheseimportantcharacteristics.

SensingFirstofall,yourrobotwouldhavetobeabletosensetheenvironmentaroundit.Giveyour

robotsensors(传感器)：lightsensors(eyes),touchsensors(hands),chemicalsensors(nose),

hearingsensors(ears)andtastesensors(tongue).

MovementArobotneedstobeabletomovearounditsenvironment.Itcanmoveonwheels,

walkonlegsorbedrivenbysmallengines(发动机).Arobotcanmoveeitherthewholebodyorjustpartsofit.

EnergyArobotneedstobeabletopoweritself.Somerobotsmightpoweritselfwithsunlight,somemightwi

thelectricity,whileotherswiththebaltery(电池).Thewayyourrobotgetsitsenergywilldependonwhatyour

robotneedstodo.

IntelligenceArobotneedssomekindof"smarts'1.Aprogrammeristhepersonwhogives

therobotits“smarts”.Therobotwillhavetohaveacertainwaytoreceivetheprogramsothatit

knowswhatitistodo.

()1.Theunderlinedword"it"inParagraph2isabout.

A.thetoyBthecharacteristicC.themachineD.theengine

()2.Thechemicalsensorsmayhelparobotto____.

A.seeB.catchC.hearD.smell

()3.Inhowmanywayscanarobotpoweritselfaccordingtothepassage?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

()4.TheChinesemeaningof"Intelligence"inthelastparagraphis____.

A.能源B.勤奋C.智能D.外观

()5.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Tohelppeopleunderstandwhatarobotis.

B.Totellwhatarobotcandoinourlife.

C.Todescribethemovementofarobot.

D.Tointroducethehistoryofrobots.

E

There*smuchtoseeunderthesea,butyouneedtorememberthatlightbehavesdifferentlyinwaterthaninair.

(主题句)Theobjectsappearclosertoyouthantheyexactlyare.Youmightfindyourselfreachingouttotouch

somethingandcompletelymissingit.

Objectsunderwaterwillappearlargerthantheywouldonthesurface,too.Becarefulnottotellanystories

aboutthebigfishthatgotaway.Thatfishmightnotbesobigafterall!It'sjustbecausesometimesthingscanseem

tobeasmuchasabout33percentbiggerinwater!

What'smore,indeeperwater,colorsjustdon'tseemasbright.Infact,itlooksasifsomecolorsaremissing.

Rememberthecolorofanobjectresultsfromthewavelengths(波长)oflightthatarereflected(反射)fromits

surface.Andlightistakeninasitmovesdownthroughthewater.

Swimmerswearwetsuitstokeepwarmunderwater.Let'stakeabrightred,yellow,andbluewetsuitasan

example.Thesecolorsarehardtomissonthesurfaceofwater.Watchcarefullythechangesincolorasyou

descendinthewater.Theredpartnowlooksalmostblackbecausetheredlightwavelengths,thelongestamong

thesethreecolors,aremissing.Asyougodowndeeper,thesamethingwillhappentotheyellowpartandintheend

tothebluepart.Evenataplaceofabout6to9metersunderwater,youwilllookterrible,likeaghost(鬼怪)!And

youhavetowaitforyourreturntothesurfacetoenjoythebrightcolorsagain!

()1.Youmisstheobjectunderwaterwhenyouwanttotouchitbecause.

A.youreyesightisquitepoorB.youarcnotquickenough

C.itisnotascloseasitseemsD.itdisappearsveryquickly

()2.Theexampleofthewetsuitisusedtoexplainthechangeofofanobjectunderwate匚

A.thesizeB.thecolorC.thepositionD.theweight

()3.Theunderlinedword“descend''probablymeansinChineseinthispassage.

A.上升B.漂浮C.屏息D.下潜

()4.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.Afour-meler-longfishlooksthreemeterslongunderwater.

B.Thewavelengthsofredlightarclongerthanthoseofbluelight.

C.Muchwaterwillbetakeninbytheswimmerdeepinthewater

D.Youwillseeaghostifyougoasdeepas6to9metersintothesea

()5.Thebesttitleofthispassageis.

A.TheStandardofColorUnderwaterB.TheDirectionofLightUnderwater

C.TheBrightnessofColorUnderwaterD.TheBehaviorofLightUnderwater

PeopleoftenthinkoftheNorthPoleandtheSouthPoleassimilarfrozen(冰凉)wastelands.Theyarebothplaces

withverycoldtemperaturesandfewpeoplelivethere.However,theNorthandSouthPolesarenotmuchalikeas

peoplemayimagine.

TheNorthPolehasnoland,onlythickice.Temperaturesseldomgoabove32F,atwhichwaterturnsintoice.

Mostofthetime,itstaysbelowzero.Inwintertemperaturesareusuallyaslowas-30E

Althoughconditionswereverypoor,peopletriedformanycenturiestoreachtheNorthPole.About100years

ago,twomen,RobertPearyandMathewHenson,wereabletogettothisenvironmentfulloftroublesand

difficulties.TheyreachedtheNorthPoleonMarch8th,1909.Itwasreallyahardtripforthem.

TherearefewthingsmoredangerousthancrossingtheArctic(北极圈)onfoot.Peoplewhostayedtheremay

facemanyproblems:verycoldtemperatures,suddenstorms,andevenhunger.Mostoftheareaisuninhabited.

Fewpeoplecanliveinsuchadifficultplace.

Peoplemightthinkthatwithsuchlowtemperaturesformostoftheyear,theicewouldbethickandhard.

However,thisisnottrueintheArctic.Themovementoftheoceanwaterundertheicemayoftencausemany

differentchangesonthesurface.Sometimestheicebreaksintotwoopeninglanesofwatercalled"leads”.Anyone

whofallsintoaleadcanbefrozentodeathinafewminutes.

()1.Thispassagesisprobablyfrom.

A.abookreviewB.asciencebookC.AschoolreportD.acomputermagazine

()2.Accordingtothepassage,whathappenedabout100yearsago?

A.TwomensucceededingettingtotheNorthPole

B.TemperaturesintheNorthPolewentabove32F

C.TheenvironmentintheNorthPolesuddenlybecameworse

D.TheNorthPolechangedintothickicebecauseofthetemperatures.

()3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“uninhabited''probablymeaninChinese?

A气候恶劣的B充满危险的C困难重重的D无人居住的

()4.Thereasonfortheicetobreakintotwoopeninglanesofwateris.

A.ThatthetemperaturesuddenlydropsB.thatthewaterundertheiceisfrozen

C.ThattheoceanwaterundertheicemovesD.thatthesurfaceiscoveredwithlotsofice

()5.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?

A.ThethickiceintheNorthPole

B.AdifficulttriptotheNorthPole

C.TherealsituationintheNorthPole

D.ThedifferencesbetweentheNorthPoleandtheSouthPole

G

Whenpeopletalktoeachother,writelettersormakephonecalls,wordsofthespokenformofthewrittenform

cansendanymessagetheywanttopasson.

Butbesideswords,doyouknowanyotherwaysyoucanusetocommunicatewithpeople?Richexpressionson

yourfacecanbeoneofthem.Asmileonyourfaceshowsthatyouarehappy.Tearsinyoureyestellothersthat

youaresadorexcited.Bodylanguagescandothesamejob.Whenyouputyourhandupinclass,theteacher

knowsthatyouwanttosaysomethingoryoumayhavesomequestionstoask.Youshakeyourheadfromsideto

sideandpeopleknowyouaresaying"no"orrefuseothers'requirements.Whenyounod,peoplewillunderstand

thatyouaresaying"yes"oragreetoothers'opinionsorsuggestions.

Otherformscanalsocarrydifferentmessages.Forexample,asignatthebusstopgivespassengersonwhich

bustotake.Theflaglanguagemadebysoldierscanpassdifferentorders.Soundfromtheschoolbelltellsthe

studentsandteacherswhentobeginorendaclass.Aphotographercanusethephotoshehastakentotellothers

aboutwhathethinksoftheworldaroundhim.Musicandfilmsalsoconveythefeelingsandideasofthemusicians

andthedirectors.Sonexttimewhenyouseeapieceofartorlistentosomemusic,takeitascommunicationwith

itscreatorandtrytogetthemeaningbehindit.

()1.Whenpeoplewanttousethewordstocommunicatewithothers,they.

A.writelettersB.cryaloudC.keepsilentD.makefriends

()2.Accordingtothepassageyoujustneedtoifyouagreetoothers9suggestions.

A.closeyoureyesB.putupyourhand

C.moveyourheadupanddownD.shakeyourheadfromsidetoside

()3.Throughaphotowemayknow.

A.whichbuscanbetakenB.whattheordersmeanforsoldiers

C.howthephotographerseestheworldD.whenthestudentsshouldhaveaclass

()4.Theunderlineworldconveyprobablymeansinthepassage.

A.掩饰B.传递C.克制D.爆发

()5.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe.

A.SpokenandWrittenLanguagesB.FormsofCommunication

C.FacialExpressionsandGesturesD.SuggestionsonCommunication

H

ItisreportedthatsomedevelopedcountrieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputestoChina.Suchathingcan

befoundedeverydayalthoughitisagainstinternationallaws.LastmonthHongKongofficersfound131,000

kilogramsofbrokencomputers,TVsandphonessendfromJapan.

Thingslikethesearecalledelectronicwaste,ore-waste.Dealingwithisnotaneasyjobbecausedangerous

poisonlikemercury(汞)andlead(铅)canbefoundinthem.Everytimeanoldcomputerbreaksdown,itneedstobe

dealwithsafely.Butatpresent,brokencomputerpartsareusuallyburied.Itmaybehundredsofyearsbeforethey

arereallygoesintheearth.

ManyplacesinChinaarepollutedbye-waste.GuiyuinGuangdongprovinceisoneofthem.Thistownis

namedas^thee-wastecapitaloftheworld”.Ithastodealwith1.5mIIionkilogramsofe-wasteeachyear,from

whichitmakes75millionyears.Butitcomesatacost.Manyofthepoisonine-wastefindtheirwayintothe

environment.Plasticisburnedoutdoorsandchemicalwaterispouredintorivers,Greenpeace,anenvironmental

group,hasfoundtheair,theearthandtheriversinGuiyubadlypolluted.

TheChinesegovernmentwantsthecountrytodevelop,butinawaythatdoesn'tdoharmtotheenvironment

andpeople'slife.Thisyear,Chinapresentsanewprotectionlaw,thestrictestonewehaveeverhad.Computer

complieslikeLenovoandDellwillbeaskedtotakebacktheiroldcomputers.Thisisbecausethecompliesthat

makecomputersknowbesttodealwiththemsafely.

Hopefully,theproblemwithe-wastewillbesolvedinnearfuture.

()1.Thee-wastefoundinHongKonglastmonthwasfrom.

A.FranceBJapanC.GermanyD.Australia

()2.Theunderlinedwordburiedprobablymeansinthepassage.

A.焚烧B.障碍C.回收D.掩埋

()3.ThetownofGuiyuinGuangdongProvince.

A.isthee-capitaloftheworldB.hasseriouse-wastepollution

C.Dealswithe-wastesafelyD.speedsmuchmoneyone-waste

()4.Thisyear,theChinesegovernment.

A.triedtochangepeople'slifeB.closedsomecomputercompanies

C.makeanewenvironmentprotectionlawD.askedpeopletohandintheiroldcomputers

()5.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.thewayindealwithe-wasteB.thecostofburninge-waste

C.thee-wasteprobleminChinaD.theneedtopassalawagainste-waste

Tous,itseemssonaturaltoputupanumbrellatokeepthewateroffwhenitrains.Butinfacttheumbrella

wasnotinventedasprotectionagainsttherain.Itsfirstusewasasashade(遮蔽)againstthesun.

Nobodyknowswhofirstinventedit,buttheumbrellawasusedinveryancienttimes.Probablythefirsttouse

itweretheChinese,backintheeleventhcenturyBC.

WeknowthattheumbrellawasusedinancientEgyptandBabylonasasunshade.Andtherewasastrange

thingconnectedwithitsuse:itbecameasymbolofhonorandpower(权力).IntheFarEastinancienttimes,the

umbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybythoseinhighofficeorbyroyalpeoplesuchasthekingsorqueens.

InEurope,theGreekswerethefirsttousetheumbrellaasasunshade.Theumbrellawasincommonusein

ancientGreece,butitisbelievedthatthefirstpeopleinEuropetousetheumbrellaasprotectionagainsttherain

weretheancientRomans.DuringthemiddleagesinEurope,theuseoftheumbrellaalmostdisappeared.Thenit

appearedagaininItalyinthelatesixteenthcentury.Andagainitbecameasymbolofpower.

Umbrellashavenotchangedmuchinstyleduringallthistime,thoughtheyhavebecomemuchlighterin

weight.Itwasn'tuntilthetwentiethcenturythattheumbrellasforwomenbegantobemadeinallkindsofcolors.

()1.Ancientpeoplefirstusedumbrellasas.

A.asymbolofhonorB.protectionagainstthesun

C.asymbolofpowerD.protectionagainsttherain

()2.Accordingtothepassage,theumbrellawasprobablyfirstusedinancient.

A.Egypt.B.BabylonC.RomeD.China

()3.TheunderlinedwordroyalmightmeaninChinese.

A.皇室的B.富裕的C.中产的D.平民的

()4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.TheancientGreeksusedtheumbrellaintheirdailylife.

B.Europeanshardlyusedtheumbrelladuringthemiddleages.

C.Theumbrellasforwomenweremadecolorfulinancienttimes.

D.Thestyleoftheumbrellahasn*tchangedalotsinceitwasinvented

()5.Thispassageismainlyabout.

A.thesalesoftheumbrellaB.thedifferencesamongumbrellas

C.theinventionoftheumbrellaD.thehistoryandtheuseoftheumbrella

Innature,youmayseemanyinsects(昆虫)andanimalsofdifferentcolors.Haveyoueverwonderedwhy?

Locustsa