高考英语复习课件阅读理解解题技法示范一

多媒体语篇精读课——阅读理解解题技法示范（1）阅读理解解题技法示范（一）人物传记类高考典题[1]ElizabethFreemanwasbornabout1742toAfricanAmericanparentswhowereslaves.Attheageofsixmonthsshewasacquired,alongwithhersister,byJohnAshley,awealthyMassachusettsslaveholders.Shebecameknownas“Mumbet”or“MumBett”.[2]Fornearly30yearsMumbetservedtheAshleyfamily.Oneday,Ashley'swifetriedtostrikeMumbet'ssisterwithaspade.Mumbetprotectedhersisterandtooktheblowinstead.Furious,sheleftthehouseandrefusedtocomeback.WhentheAshleystriedtomakeherreturn,Mumbetconsultedalawyer,TheodoreSedgewick.Withhishelp,Mumbetsued(起诉)forherfreedom.[3]WhileservingtheAshleys,MumbethadlistenedtomanydiscussionsofthenewMassachusettsconstitution.Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.Eventually,Mumbetwonherfreedom—thefirstslaveinMassachusettstodosounderthenewconstitution.[4]Strangelyenough,afterthetrial,theAshleysaskedMumbettocomebackandworkforthemasapaidemployee.ShedeclinedandinsteadwenttoworkforSedgewick.Mumbetdiedin1829,butherlegacylivedoninhermanydescendants(后裔).Oneofhergreat­grandchildrenwasW．E.B.DuBois,oneofthefoundersoftheNAACP,andanimportantwriterandspokespersonforAfricanAmericancivilrights.[5]Mumbet'stombstonestillstandsintheMassachusettscemeterywhereshewasburied.Itreads,inpart:“Shewasbornaslaveandremainedaslavefornearlythirtyyears.Shecouldneitherreadnorwrite,yetinherownsphereshehadnosuperiororequal.”（建议用时：8分钟）题目试做51．WhatdoweknowaboutMumbetaccordingtoParagraph1?

A．Shewasbornaslave.B．Shewasaslaveholder.C．Shehadafamoussister.D．Shewasbornintoarichfamily.52．WhydidMumbetrunawayfromtheAshleys?A．Shefoundanemployer.B．Shewantedtobealawyer.C．Shewashitandgotangry.D．Shehadtotakecareofhersister.53．WhatdidMumbetlearnfromdiscussionsaboutthenewconstitution?A．Sheshouldalwaysobeyherowners'orders.B．Sheshouldbeasfreeandequalaswhites.C．Howtobeagoodservant.D．Howtoapplyforajob.54．WhatdidMumbetdoafterthetrial?A．Shechosetoworkforalawyer.B．ShefoundedtheNAACP.C．ShecontinuedtoservetheAshleys. D．Shewenttolivewithhergrandchildren.55．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Astoryofafamouswriterandspokesperson.B．Thefriendshipbetweenalawyerandaslave.C．ThelifeofabraveAfricanAmericanwoman.D．Atrialthatshockedthewholeworld.解题示范一、文章这样读读文章作标记11．时间和概念名词用表示2．态度词和语气词用表示3．极端词和程度词用表示4．逻辑词和关系词用表示[1]ElizabethFreemanwasbornabout1742toAfricanAmericanparentswhowereslaves.Attheageofsixmonthsshewasacquired,alongwithhersister,byJohnAshley,awealthyMassachusettsslaveholders.Shebecameknownas“Mumbet”or“MumBett”.[2]Fornearly30yearsMumbetservedtheAshleyfamily.Oneday,Ashley'swifetriedtostrikeMumbet'ssisterwithaspade.Mumbetprotectedhersisterandtooktheblowinstead.Furious,sheleftthehouseandrefusedtocomeback.WhentheAshleystriedtomakeherreturn,Mumbetconsultedalawyer,TheodoreSedgewick.Withhishelp,Mumbetsued(起诉)forherfreedom.[3]WhileservingtheAshleys,MumbethadlistenedtomanydiscussionsofthenewMassachusettsconstitution.Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.Eventually,Mumbetwonherfreedom—thefirstslaveinMassachusettstodosounderthenewconstitution.[4]Strangelyenough,afterthetrial,theAshleysaskedMumbettocomebackandworkforthemasapaidemployee.ShedeclinedandinsteadwenttoworkforSedgewick.Mumbetdiedin1829,butherlegacylivedoninhermanydescendants(后裔).Oneofhergreat­grandchildrenwasW．E.B.DuBois,oneofthefoundersoftheNAACP,andanimportantwriterandspokespersonforAfricanAmericancivilrights.[5]Mumbet'stombstonestillstandsintheMassachusettscemeterywhereshewasburied.Itreads,inpart:“Shewasbornaslaveandremainedaslavefornearlythirtyyears.Shecouldneitherreadnorwrite,yetinherownsphereshehadnosuperiororequal.”破解生僻词汇2①slaveholdern．奴隶主破解方法构词法slave(奴隶)＋holder(持有人)slaveholder奴隶主②cemeteryn．墓地破解方法通过解释根据句中tombstone“墓碑”和whereshewasburied“她埋葬的地方”可知cemetery意为“墓地”。破解长难句3Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.条件状语从句Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.宾语从句Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.主句译文：如果宪法上说所有人都是自由、平等的，那么她认为这一规定也应该适用于她。理清文章脉络4本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了生来就是奴隶的Mumbet(ElizabethFreeman)为获得自由而进行的不懈斗争，最后她获得了自由。[1]ElizabethFreemanwasbornabout1742toAfricanAmericanparentswhowereslaves.Attheageofsixmonthsshewasacquired,alongwithhersister,byJohnAshley,awealthyMassachusettsslaveholders.Shebecameknownas“Mumbet”or“MumBett”.ElizabethFreeman(Mumbet)幼时的苦难经历。[2]Fornearly30yearsMumbetservedtheAshleyfamily.Oneday,Ashley'swifetriedtostrikeMumbet'ssisterwithaspade.Mumbetprotectedhersisterandtooktheblowinstead.Furious,sheleftthehouseandrefusedtocomeback.WhentheAshleystriedtomakeherreturn,Mumbetconsultedalawyer,TheodoreSedgewick.Withhishelp,Mumbetsued(起诉)forherfreedom.Mumbet是如何为离开奴隶主Ashley，为争取自由而做努力的。[3]WhileservingtheAshleys,MumbethadlistenedtomanydiscussionsofthenewMassachusettsconstitution.Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.Eventually,Mumbetwonherfreedom—thefirstslaveinMassachusettstodosounderthenewconstitution.Mumbet经过努力，在宪法的帮助下获得了自由。[4]Strangelyenough,afterthetrial,theAshleysaskedMumbettocomebackandworkforthemasapaidemployee.ShedeclinedandinsteadwenttoworkforSedgewick.Mumbetdiedin1829,butherlegacylivedoninhermanydescendants(后裔).Oneofhergreat­grandchildrenwasW．E.B.DuBois,oneofthefoundersoftheNAACP,andanimportantwriterandspokespersonforAfricanAmericancivilrights.Mumbet获得自由后的事情。[5]Mumbet'stombstonestillstandsintheMassachusettscemeterywhereshewasburied.Itreads,inpart:“Shewasbornaslaveandremainedaslavefornearlythirtyyears.Shecouldneitherreadnorwrite,yetinherownsphereshehadnosuperiororequal.”Mumbet的墓志铭上人们对她的评价。二、题目这样做51．根据第一段，关于Mumbet我们知道什么？(1)通过题干和选项确定题目类型，定位信息源①题型判定：②信息定位：由题干中的“Paragraph1”可定位信息源为文章的推理判断题第一段第一句选项译文文中表述比对结果A她天生就是奴隶。B她是奴隶主。C她有一个出名的妹妹。D她生于富裕人家。1742年Mumbet生于一个父母都是奴隶的家庭。合理推断(正确选项)第一段第二句，JohnAshley是奴隶主。张冠李戴第一段最后一句，是Mumbet而不是妹妹出名了。张冠李戴第一段第二句，Mumbet是一个富有奴隶主的奴隶。曲解文意(2)将选项与原文信息比对，确定答案52．为什么Mumbet从Ashley家逃走了？(1)通过题干和选项确定题目类型，定位信息源①题型判定：②信息定位：由题干中的“runawayfrom”可定位信息源为文章的细节理解题第二段第二、三、四句选项译文文中表述比对结果A她找到一位雇主。B她想成为一名律师。C她被打了，很生气。D她不得不照顾妹妹。文中无此表述。无中生有第二段第五句，Mumbet咨询了一位律师。曲解文意Mumbet为保护妹妹被Ashley的妻子打了之后，她就生气离开了Ashley的家。简化总结(正确选项)文中无此表述。无中生有(2)将选项与原文信息比对，确定答案53．Mumbet从新宪法的讨论中知道了什么？(1)通过题干和选项确定题目类型，定位信息源①题型判定：②信息定位：由题干中的“newconstitution”可定位信息源为文章的推理判断题第三段第一、二句选项译文文中表述比对结果A她应该总是听她主人的命