中考英语复习专项-名词课件

中考专项复习—名词名词分类专有名词普通名词可数名词不可数名词规则变化不规则变化复合名词变化名词所有格修饰词个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词一、专有名词（1）国家、地名、人名、团体、机构名称（2）首字母须大写一、专有名词(1)人名/称号：

杨幂YangMi杨小米YangXiaomi李先生Mr.Li(2)地名：重庆Chongqing(3)专用名称：二班ClassTwo(4)国家及语言：ChinaJapanese(5)月份及星期：MondayJune(6)节假日：Children’sDay(7)书名、电影、电视名称：《傲慢与偏见》《PrideandPrejuduce》二、可数名词可数名词包括个体名词和集体名词。有单数（可与a/an连用）和复数形式。二、可数名词可数名词单数变复数规则情况构成例子一般的词+Sbook-books以s,sh,ch,x结尾+esmatch-matchesbox-boxes以辅音+y结尾y-i,再加esfly-fliesactivity-activities以辅音+o结尾有生命+eshero-heroestomato-tomatoespotato-potatoes无生命+sradio-radiosphoto-photos以f/fe结尾f/fe-v,再加esleaf-leaveswife-wives二、可数名词不规则变化（1）单复数同行Chinese,Japanese,people,sheep,deer,fish(2)其他man-menwoman-womenchild-childrenfoot-feettooth-teethmouse-mice二、可数名词复合名词变化（1）名词修饰名词时，最后一个词变化即可flowershop--flowershopsagirlstudent-girlstudents(2)两部分都变mandoctor-mendoctorswomannurse-womennurses二、可数名词复合名词变化（3）特殊名词复数形式表示一家人the+姓氏复数：theGreens(复数概念)表示几十年代inthe+年代复数/所有格inthe1990s=inthe1990’s表示几十岁时inone‘s+几十的复数形式inhis50s合成词（名词用原形）atwo-year-oldgirltwo’sandthree’s三三两两地三、不可数名词不可数名词没有复数形式，不能与a/an或者具体数字连用但特指某物时可与定冠词the连用表示一定数量时，常与acupof,apieceof等量词连用注意：谓语动词由量词的单复数决定Thereisacupoftea.Therearetwocupsoftea.三、不可数名词常见的不可数名词食物类、时间、金钱、天气work、homework、housework、advice、news、progress、information、fun、knowledge、weight、三、不可数名词可数与不可数易混归纳名词可数不可数名词可数不可数chicken小鸡鸡肉orange橙子橙汁experience经历经验paper试卷，论文纸exercise练习锻炼radio收音机无线电glass玻璃杯玻璃room房间空间paper报纸，试卷纸张time次数、倍数时间life生命生活wood树林木头、木材light电灯光，光线work作品工作四、修饰词修饰可数名词few/afew/several/many/anumberof/thenumberof/toomany修饰不可数名词little/alittle/much/abitof/agreatdealof/alargeamountof(许多)均可some/alotof/lotsof/plentyof/enough/all五、名词所有格一般情况下，以s结尾

的用s’;不以s结尾的名词用’s表示名词所有格（1）表示某人的名词所有格Jenny’sbookteachers’office五、名词所有格（2）of所有格：一般用于无生命的名词，表示所属关系AofB:B的AthemapofChina中国的地图五、名词所有格（3）双重所有格：of+名词所有格；of+名词性物主代词afriendofmymother’safriendofhers五、名词所有格（4）几个人共有关系：A+B’sLucyandJenny’steacher各自所有的关系：A’s+B’sLucy’steacherandJenny’steacher五、名词所有格（5）表示某人的家、店，可以省去家、店，直接用所有格thedoctor’s(clinic诊所)myuncle’s(home家)五、名词所有格（6）表示国家、时间、距离等名词所有格today’snews今天的新闻threeyears’time三年的时间河北真题练1.［2020·河北35题］Inarestaurant,peopleusuallychoosefoodanddrinkfromthe_______.A.bookB.menuC.newspaperD.magazine2.［2021·盐城］YuanLongpingandhisteamhavesolvedtheproblemof_______formanypeople.A.hungerB.healthC.pollutionD.population3.［2021·宿迁］Sandydidn’ttellherparentsthatshewasgoinghomebecauseshewantedtogivethema_______.A.giftB.callC.surpriseD.note5.［2021·天津］Hisbeautifulmusichasbrought_______topeopleallovertheworld.A.difficultyB.pleasureC.weatherD.danger6.［2020·温州］Lucy’sfatherworksinNo.1Hospital.Heisa_______.A.teacherB.doctorC.postmanD.policeman7.［2020·昆明］A12-year-oldboyfromHunaninventedanewkindofwindowbecauseofhis_______.Thewindowcanpreventchildrenfromfallingout.A.communicationB.celebrationC.honestyD.creativity8.［2020·武汉］—How’sMr.Clark’ssmallcompany?—Quitegood.Ithasgrowntobecomea_______intheinternationaltrade.A.ruleB.dutyC.powerD.signⅠ.单项选择。

1.［2021·重庆］June1stis________Day.A.ChildrenB.Children’sC.ChildD.Child’s2.［2020·青岛］—Isthishat__________?—No,theredoneis__________.A.Lucy’s;herB.Lucy;herC.Lucy’s;hersD.Lucy;hersⅡ.词语运用基础练。

1.［2021·陕西］Inthecycling,Ricksitsinaspecialseatonthefrontofhis__________(father)bike.2.［2021·杭州］Onthatday,childrensneak(溜)intotheir__________(mother)bedroomandtieherfeetwithribbon(丝带)sothatshecan’tgetoutofbed.3.［2020·苏州改编］These____________(artist)designwonaninternationalaward.填复数一、判断方法

1.上下文语境。2.固定用法：manyother+可数名词复数；oneofthe+形容词最高级+可数名词复数。如：Amongmanyotherstudents(student),sheisoneofthemostbeautifulgirls(girl).3.some/many/several/those/these/few/afew/all+可数名词复数。如：manytrees(tree)；severalquestions(question)4.常识类：twofeet,socks,chopsticks等。5.大于1的基数词+可数名词复数。如：threeapples(apple)6.可数名词复数+and/or+可数名词复数。如：problemsandworries(worry)7.apairof/allkindsof+可数名词复数。如：allkindsofcandies(candy)二、变形规律可数名词复数变化规则可参考“考点二名词的数”。填形容词一、判断方法

1.形容词+名词。如：healthy(health)eatinghabits2.形容词+and/or+形容词。如：Theteacheriskindandfriendly(friend).3.be动词/系动词/感官动词+形容词。如：Youarelucky(luck)togetthelastticket.4.复合不定代词+形容词。如：anythinguseful(use)二、变形规律1.n.+-y（尤其是一些与天气有关的名词）

cloud→cloudyfog→foggyhealth→healthyluck→luckysun→sunnysnow→snowysleep→sleepyrain→rainywind→windy2.n.+-al或去掉e+-aleducation→educationalnation→nationalperson→personalcentre→centralculture→culturalnature→natural3.n.+-fulwonder→wonderfulcolor→colorfulmeaning→meaningfulharm→harmfulpeace→peacefuluse→useful4.n.+-n或-ese（构成表示国籍、语言的形容词）America→AmericanAustralia→AustralianIndia→IndianJapan→JapaneseCanada→CanadianChina→Chinese5.n.+-lyfriend→friendlylove→lovely6.n.+-ousdanger→dangerous7.n.+-less（构成含有否定意义的形容词）

care→carelesshope→hopelesshome→homelessuse→useless8.以-ence/-ance结尾的名词，变-ence/-ance为-ent/-antdifference→differentimportance→importantsilence→silent填名词一、判断方法

1.冠词a/an/the+名词。如：YuanLongpingisascientist(science).2.形容词性物主代词/形容词+名词。如：Sheisthemostpatientlibrarian(library)Ihaveeverseen.3.名词+谓语动词/系动词/情态动词。如：TheFrench(France)arefamousfortheircooking.4.介词+名词。如：Agoodvoiceisimportanttoamusician(music).二、变形规律1.n.+-istart→artisttour→touristviolin→violinistpiano→pianistscience→scientist2.n.+-ianmusic→musicianmagic→magician名词名词的概念和分类概念：表示人或物的名称的