2022-2023学年江苏省无锡重点学校高一（下）期中英语试卷及答案解析

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年江苏省无锡重点学校高一（下）期中英语试卷一、选词填空-句子（本大题共1小题，共1.0分）1.With______(sufficient)ofsunlight,Tianzhencountyisanidealdestinationforsolarpowerdevelopment.二、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）ACanada：offthebeatentrack-threetoseeRockyMountains

TheRockiesrunalongtheAlberta-BritishColumbiaborderandareinsidetwohugenationalparks-BanfftothesouthandJaspertothenorth.BanffwasCanada'sfirstwildlifereserveandthesedaysthetownofBanffisthemostpopulartouristdestinationinthecountry.ButJasperNationalParkislarger，wilder，andlesswell-explored.BetweentheparksofBanffandJasperistheColumbiaIcefield，ahugebowloficemadeupofaboutthirtyglaciers.Ifyoudon'tlikeice，theRockiesofferwildlifewalks，swimming，camping，hiking，canoeing，mountainclimbing，andplentyofplacestostay.Accommodationcosts（住宿费）areusuallylowerattheJasperendofthissuperbmountainplayground.

Lunenburg

LunenburgissouthfromHalifax，alongafoggycoastofrockyseas，fishingvillages，andhistorictowns.ItisabeautifullittleshipbuildingtownandaUNESCOWorldHeritagesite.FishinghasalwaysbeenbiginLunenburg：mostofAtlanticCanada'sdeep-seafishingboatsleavefromhere，andNorthAmerica'sbiggestfish-processingfactoryislocatedinthetown.Lunenburgstillhasmanywoodenbuildingsandasaresultfeelslikean18thcenturyBritishcolonial（殖民时期的）town.Youcanvisitthetown'sFisheriesMuseumorjustwanderaround，lookingatthewoodenhousesintheoldstreets-andofcoursehaveadinnerofseafood.

Churchill

Oneofthefewplacesinthenorththatis"easy"togetto，Churchillisa1.5-daytrainjourneyfromWinnipeg.Churchillisamajorport，buteco-tourismisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant.Althoughitisfreezing，manyvisitorscometoseethepolarbears，whales，Arcticfoxes，andiftheyarelucky，theNorthernLights.Churchillcallsitselfthe"PolarBearCapitaloftheWorld"，andforagoodreason：thetownsitsrightinthemiddleoftheanimals'migrationroute，andthecutebutdeadlywhitebearssometimeswanderintothetown.TourstoseethebearsfromSeptembertoNovemberarethemostpopularattraction.2.WhichofthefollowingwasCanada'sfirstwildlifereserve？______A.Banff. B.Jasper. C.Halifax. D.Winnipeg.3.WhatdoweknowaboutLunenburg'sfish-processingfactory？______A.Itisnowamuseum.

B.Itisawoodenbuilding.

C.Itwasbuiltinthe18thcentury.

D.ItisthelargestinNorthAmerica.4.WhatdomostvisitorstoChurchillwanttosee？______A.Whales. B.Polarbears.

C.Arcticfoxes. D.TheNorthernLight.BTheAmericangiant，norAlibaba，China'sbiggest.ItisPinduoduo（PDD），aChinesefirmthatstartedin2015asanonlinefoodsupplier，butwhosesuccesshasdrivenitsmarketvalueabove﹩200bn.LastyearitwasChina'sfastest-growingInternetstock，risingby330%.

PDDattractsattentionfortworeasons.Oneisitsbusinessmodel.DavidLiu，vice-presidentofstrategy，explainsthatithasdrawnonthepopularityofsmartphoneinChinatocreateane-commerceexperienceinwhichpeopleclubtogethertobuyproductsfromrobotvacuum-cleaners（吸尘器）tobananas.Duringthepandemicthishasexpandedintoafast-growingbusinessacrossthousandsoftownsandvillages，inwhichPDD'susersgathertobuylocalfarmproduceatlowprices.Somecallthis"communitygroup-buy".Mr.Liucallsit"interactive（互动的）commerce".ItisoneofthehottestpartsoftheChineseInternet.

ThesecondisthewayPDDhasbrokentherecordofgiantsofonlineshopping.Untilafewyearsago，China'se-commercemarketseemedatwo-waycompetitionbetweenAlibabaandJD.com，acompetitorplatform.Nolonger，ElinorLeungofCLSA，abrokerage（经纪公司），expectsPDD'sshareofonlineretailinChinatogobeyondthatofJDin2021.SheexpectsthenumberofusersoverAlibaba.AndalthoughPDDputahugeamountofmoneytolowerthepricesofgoods，ensuringthecustomersfrompoorerpartsofChinaeasyaccesstoitsapp，shethinksitmayturnprofitablethisyear.

Remarkably，thekeytoitssuccessfocusedonpartsofthemarkettheyhavebeenunabletoreachinsteadofdefeatingitsbiggercompetitors.Althoughonlinesalesofgrocerieshaverocketedduringthepandemic，lessthanatenthofthe8.1tmyuan（﹩1.25trn）farm-producemarketisboughtandsolddigitally，"Wearecontinuingtogrowthepie，"saysMr.Liu.Thatlessonapplieselsewheretoo.However，nomatterhowafuturemarketlooks，thereisopportunityfornewonlinebusinessesbecauseecommerceisatanearlystageofdevelopment.5.Whatdoestheunderlined"clubtogether"meaninParagraph2？______A.Sharetheexpenses. B.Haveaclubtogether.

C.Buysomethingingroups. D.Interactwitheachother.6.WhatmainlymakesPDDgooffwithabang？______A.Ensuringeasyaccesstotheapp.

B.Exploringnewmarkets.

C.Loweringthepriceofgoods.

D.Competingwithgiantsofonlineshopping.7.What'sthemainideaofthepassage？______A.There'sopportunityfornewonlinebusinesses.

B.E-commerceprofitsmaybecomehardertomake.

C.TheAmazonsandAlibabasarenotasstrongastheymightseem.

D.PDD，China'sfastest-growingonlinebusinessistobeatgiantsofe-commerce.C"Ourcoffeeislovedbymillionsworldwide."Doyouoftenseethiskindofadvertisinginyourcountry？Statementslikethesethatnoonecanprovearecalledpuffery.Pufferyislegal,eventhoughitcannotbeproved.Infact,pufferyhasbeencalled"alicensetolie"，asitisregardedasanopinionratherthananobjectivestatement.

Usingpufferytoraiseawarenessofproductsandtoincreasesales,isacommonadvertisingmethod.Somepeople,however,worryaboutpuffery.Oneoftheconcernsiswhetherconsumersaremisledbyfalseadvertising.Therefore,advertisementscontainingpufferysometimescanbetestedinthecourts,andthedecisionsthataremadehelptotellthedifferencebetweenacceptablepufferyandillegaladvertising.

Ontheonehand,ifacompanytellsthepublicthatitsellsthecountry'sbest-lovedorfavoriteproduct,thisisthoughttobepuffery,ratherthananobjectivedescriptionofmarketshare.Similarly,thecompanydoesnothavetoproduceproofthatsuchpufferyisactuallysupportedbynumbersorfacts.Inotherwords,advertisementssuchastheworld'sbestcupofcoffeeareimpossibletoprove.Theyaretoogoodtobetrueandthusitisexpectedthatanyconsumerwillunderstandhowsubjectivetheyare.Suchadvertisementsarethereforenotthoughtofasmisleading.Infact,pufferylikethisintheseadvertisementsisoftenconsideredtoaddtotheentertainmentvalue.

Ontheotherhand,acompanythatstatestheirproductsisthesafestorcheapestneedstoshowproof,becausestatementsthatareobjectiveneedtobesupportedbyprooforstatistics.Consumerrightsorganizationscanrunteststoexaminewhetherornotsuchstatementsagreewiththefact.Companiesshouldthusbeverycarefulwhenmakingfactualstatementsaboutaproduct.

Aprimaryfunctionofadvertisingistocreateproductawareness.Asconsumers,weneedtoknowaboutcompetingproducts,sowecanmakewisedecisionsonwhichonetobuy.Whileitisimportantthatadvertisersaremonitoredtoensuretheydonotmisleadconsumers,itcanbearguedthatpufferyisagoodwayofraisingawarenessofnewproducts.Aslongasthereareeffectivewaysofmonitoringadvertisementstopreventdeliberatedeception（欺骗）insafetyandquality,itseemsthatmostpufferyisrelativelyharmless.Rather,ithasbecomepartofadvertising,whichmostconsumerscanlaughatratherthanbeingmisled.8.By"Ourcoffeeislovedbymillionsworldwide"，thepassageintendsto______.A.describeafact B.introducethetopic

C.presentanargument D.providebackgroundinformation9.Thefunctionofpufferyismainlytohelp______.A.describeproducts'marketshare

B.raiseawarenessofnewproducts

C.testtheadvertisementinthecourts

D.runteststoexaminethenewproducts10.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofpuffery？______A.Itisacceptablewitheffectivemonitoring.

B.Itismisleadingforitusesthefalseinformation.

C.Itisharmfulforitplaystricksonconsumers.

D.Itisconvincingforithelpsconsumerstochoosewisely.11.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthispassage？______A.FunctionsofAdvertising B.PufferyinAdvertising

C.ConsumersandAdvertising D.TheArtofAdvertisingDWildelephantswanderacrossthecrowdedflatlandofIndia；theforestriverbanksthroughfieldsinBrazil；aribbon（缎带）ofgreenspreadsacross.EuropewheretheIronCurtainusedtobe.Usingsuchwildlifecorridors（走廊）tolinkuplargerbutisolated（孤立的）protectedareasisthemostwidelyusedmethodfor‘stoppingbiodiversitydecline（生物多样性衰退），withmillionsofdollarsspentcreatingandprotectingtheneveryyear.Buthasenthusiasmfor,aneatideagotaheadofthescience？

Aswildhabitatisbrokenintoisolatedpartsbyfarms,roadsandsettlements,weneedtolinkthemupwithcorridorsofgreen.Theneveniftheentire.habitatcan'tberecreated,oldmigration（迁徙）patternscanbebroughtback,escaperoutescreatedaheadofclimatechangeand-perhapsmostimportantly-isolatedpopulationscaninterbreed（杂交），improvingtheirgenetic（基因的）：diversityandtheirabilityto-survive.

Recently,PaulBeier,abiologistfromNorthernArizona：University,andhiscolleagueAndrewGregory,-warnedthat"inspite.ofmuchresearch,thereis.little'evidencethatprotectioncorridorsworkasexpected."Thereis,theysay,plentyofevidencethat.wildanimalswillmovethroughcorridors.Butsupportersofcorridorswant,andclaim,muchmorethanthis.Theysaythatanimalsdon'tjustgoforawalkintheirprotectionwoods,butthattheymoveinforeverandinterbreedwithneighboringpopulations.Inthiswaycorridorssupposedlylinkedisolatedandendangeredpopulationsinto.aninterbreeding-andmuchmorepowerful-whole.

Suchclaimssometimesholdup.IntheUnitedKingdom,theexpansion（扩张）ofKielderForestinthe1960sprovidedalinkbetweenisolatedpopulationsofendangeredredsquirrels.Genesfromisolatedpopulationshavenow"spreadthroughhundredsofforestparts"across100kilometersandmore.ButtheKielderForestismuchwiderthananordinarycorridor.Fewstudieshavelookedforgeneexchangeincorridors；evenfewerhave,foundit.Onestudyresearchedthegeneticdiversityofsmallmarsupials（有袋类动物）inanarrowforestcorridorcrossing4.5kilometersofgrasslandinQueensland,Australia.Itfoundthatgeneticallydistinctpopulationshadkeptonstayingateitherend.Mixingwasimpossible.

Otherstudieshaveshownthatprotectioncorridorswork.Butmosthavelookedatshortcorridorsof100metersthroughlargelynaturallandscape."Thatspeciescantravelalongshortcorridorsinanaturalsettingdoesn'tmeanthattheywillbesuccessfultravellingalongmuchlongercorridorswhichareinalandscapegreatlyaffectedbyhumanbeings,"saysGregory,"stilllessthatsuchmovementsoccurfrequentlyenoughtoallowenoughgeneexchangetooccursothattheconnectedhabitatblocksfunctionasonepopulation."

Perhapsweshouldn'tmaketheperfecttheenemyofthegood.Isanycorridorsurelybetterthannone？Butconsiderthis.Theedgesofwildareasareknowndangerzonesforwildlife,whereenemiesanddiseasesmayinvade（侵略）.Linkingtwoexistingprotectedareaswithalongnarrowcorridormayuncoverittogreaterdangeralongtheseedges.Unlessthebenefitexceeds（超过）thethreat,thenthereisseriouspossibilitytodoharm.12.We.caninferfromParagraph1-thatpeoplemight______.A.paytoomuchattentiontobiodiversity

B.beusingwrongways'toprotectwildlife

C.betooidealisticaboutprotectioncorridors

D.havegiventoomuchprotectiontowildlife13.AccordingtoParagraph2，wildlifecorridorswereputforwardbecauseof______.A.theirisolation B.humanactivities

C.climatechange D.alienanimals14.WhichofthefollowingwouldBeiermostlikelyagreewith？______A.Weshouldgiveupwildlifecorridors.

B.Animalsdon'tliketowalkincorridors.

C.Weneedmoreevidencetosupporthowcorridorscanwork.

D.Corridorscanlinkisolatedanimalsintoaninterbreedingwhole.15.KielderForestismentionedinParagraph4asanexampleofthe______.A.primarycorridor B.unsuccessfulcorridor：

C.ordinary：corridor D.non-typicalcorridor16.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowildlifecorridors？______A.Supportive. B.Doubtful. C.Disapproving. D.Unconcerned.三、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）U.N.ReportWarnsNatureCrisisAnewU.N.reportfocusesonthenegativeeffectsofhumanactivityonnature.Itsaysonemillionplantandanimalspeciesonland，intheseasandintheskyarenowindangerofextinction.

The1，800reporttookthreeyearstofinish.（1）______TheEarthhasalwayssufferedfromhumanactivity，itsays.However，thesescratches（划伤）havebecomedeepscars（伤疤）overthepast50years.Speciesaregoingtoextinctseveralhundredtimesfasterthantheaveragerateduringthepasttenmillionyears.It'ssomethingthathasneverhappenedbeforeinhumanhistory.

（2）______Since1970，thehumanpopulationhasdoubled.Theglobaleconomyhasgrownbyfourtimes.Tofeed，clotheandgiveenergytothisfast-changingworld，lotsofforestshavebeencutdown.（3）______Furthermore，hunting，overfishingandpollutionhavealsobeenkillingspeciesingreatnumbers.

Theproblemcanbefixed，thereportsays.（4）______Theamountoflandandseathatisunderprotectionneedstoincreaserapidly.ThereportsuggestsgovernmentsmoveawayfromusingGDPasakeymeasureofdevelopment.Long-termeffectsmustbeconsidered，too.

ProfessorEduardoBrondizioofIndianaUniversityisanauthorofthereport.Hesays，"Weallknowwhatneedstobedone.Theknowledgeisthere.（5）______"

A.However，thisrequiresmanychanges.

B.Over120wildlifespeciesarefacingextinction.

C.Onlyexpertsknowhowtoaddresstheproblem.

D.Thereportlistedseveralcausesforthesituation.

E.Therejustneedstobeagreaterwilltotakeaction.

F.Itdrawsontheworkof450scientistsfromdozensofcountries.

G.Between1980and2000，onemillionsquarekilometersoftropical（热带的）forestwerelost.17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G21.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G四、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）MymotherspentherchildhoodwithherfatherontheirfarmintheUS.Shelearnedhowtomendfences,plow（耕犁）fields,andmakecheese.Andshelearnedfarmlifedoesn'toffer（1）______rewards,butifyoustickwithit,theeffortandthelongdays（2）______.

Mygrandpaspenthislateryearslivingonacomerofthefarm,namedCherryRidge,wherethey（3）______ridinghorsestogethereverySaturdaybeforehediedin2011.Sincethattime,thefarmhas（4）______intoCherryRidgeTherapeuticLearningPrograms,acenterforlearning,horsebackridingandcompanionship.

"Iama'roadscholar'，learninginanexperientialway,"Momtoldme."IfeelIwas（5）______witheyestoseetheneedsofa（n）（6）______spirit,"sheadded.Shehaspartneredwitha（7）______calledWorkingtoEmpowerStudentsTogether（WEST），whichhelpsyoungpeoplewithlearningdisabilities,emotionalandbehavioralchallenges,orunstablehomeenvironments.

Mom'slatestproject,theFarmDayGriefCamp,was（8）______outofhergrieving（悲伤）afterthelossofmygrandpa.

"I'manadultwomanwholostmydadonlysixyearsago,"Momsaid."Thereisnothing（9）______thannatureandanimalstohelpwiththe（10）______process."Thecamp'sfirstvisitorswerefivekidsmourning（哀悼）thelossofa7-year-oldwhodiedofcancer.（11）______includedpaintingandrecallingthechild'sfavoritethingsandaballoonlaunchtheycalled"SentimentstoHeaven".

"Eachcamperwroteonethingtheywishedtheycould（12）______withtheirdeparted（已故的）lovedoneontheirballoon,"Momsaid.Childrenlivingwithphysicaldisabilitiesarealso（13）______atCherryRidge.Recently,astudentinawheelchairsmiledear-to-earasheledthefarm'sminihorsesaround.

Mom'svision（设想）（14）______children,ensuringthelessonsshelearnedonthefarmwillbepreservedforyearstocome.Iknowmygrandpawouldbe（15）______.22.

A.good B.real C.different D.instant23.

A.runout B.comeback C.goby D.payoff24.

A.imagined B.avoided C.enjoyed D.missed25.

A.developed B.divided C.looked D.bumped26.

A.unable B.confused C.gifted D.annoyed27.

A.happy B.curious C.determined D.wounded28.

A.course B.program C.game D.product29.

A.born B.ready C.found D.grown30.

A.better B.worse C.easier D.stranger31.

A.learning B.thinking C.relaxing D.grieving32.

A.Trainings B.Activities C.Methods D.Rules33.

A.share B.agree C.play D.provide34.

A.reliable B.upset C.cautious D.welcome35.

A.protects B.challenges C.inspires D.questions36.

A.worried B.proud C.thankful D.surprised五、单句语法填空（本大题共9小题，共9.0分）37.Thoughrescuerssparenoeffortstolookforsignsoflives，no______（survive）hasbeenfoundsofar.（所给词的适当形式填空）38.Falseadvertisementsalwaysmisleadconsumers,thus______（damage）theirlawfulrightsandinterests.39.FontBonneisanartscollege,______（locate）inaresidentialsuburbofSt.Louis.40.Ifyourvocabularyis______（limit），yourchanceofsuccessisslim.41.Thetrappedcitizensexpressedtheirgreatthankstothosewhofinished______（deliver）dailygoodsinsuchadifficulttime.（所给词的适当形式填空）42.Sometools______（unearth）thereindicatetheearlyculturalabilitiesofourhumanancestors.43.Thesearemademainlyofgrain，mostofwhich______（import）fromotherpartsoftheworld.44.TheInternet______（addict）isdoingalotofharmtothegrowthofteenagers.45.AlthoughTimandMikecomefrom______（entire）differentbackground，theybecomeclosefriends.六、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）46.Whatwillyouthinkofwhenhearingtheword"kungfu"？TheanswerformostpeoplemaybeShaolinmonks,BruceLeeorKungFuPanda.（1）______forLaurenceJ.Brahm,anAmericandocumentaryfilmmaker,thefirstthingthat（2）______（spring）tomindistheconceptofnon-violence.

"Wushu,（3）______（translate）into'martialarts'inEnglish,istheChinesenameforkungfu.Martialmeansmilitary,whileWushudoesn'treallymeanthat."Brahmtoldthepeople（4）______（attend）thepremiere（首映）ofhislatestwork-SearchingforKungFu.

AsBrahmexplained,ifyoubreakdown（5）______character"wu,"itconsistsoftwocharacters：oneis"ge"，meaningdagger-axe；theotheris"zhi"，meaningtostop.So,themeaningofmartialartsinChineseis（6）______（actual）theartofstoppingfighting.

Inthemovie,BrahmdigsintotheprinciplesandvaluesinthisChineseculturallegacy（遗产），（7）______datesbackthousandsofyearsbutkeeps（8）______（it）enormousinfluenceandattractiontothisday.AccordingtoBrahm,kungfumovieshavea（9）______（mass）fanbasearoundtheworld,notjustbecauseofthefightscenes,butalsobecauseofthe（10）______（wise），philosophy,moralityandstrategywithinthemovies.Hehopeshismoviecanhelpbuildbridgesandunderstandingacrossnationsandamongpeople.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)七、完成句子（本大题共3小题，共6.0分）47.他后悔在上次会议上提出这个问题。（bringup）______48.所有作业都做完了，那个男孩有时间和同学一起踢足球了。（with的复合结构）______49.不要想当然地认为父母应该为我们做一切事情。（takeitforgranted）______八、句子翻译（本大题共2小题，共4.0分）50.在那家工厂工作时，他交了很多朋友。（动词-ing形式作状语）_______________________________________________________________51.WillLiu没想到，这么多粉丝追随他锻炼健身。（neveroccurredto）（汉译英）______九、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）52.假定你是李华，学校为提升学生垃圾分类的意识，邀请你为校英语宣传栏写一封以"垃圾分类，保护环境"为主题的倡议书。内容包括：

（1）倡议的原因和目的；

（2）倡议的具体内容；

（3）发出倡议。

注意：

（4）写作词数应为100左右；

（5）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

（6）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

参考词汇：垃圾分类garbagesorting

Dearfellowstudents，

答案和解析1.【答案】sufficiency【解析】根据介词with可知，空处应用名词作宾语；sufficiency充足，抽象名词，符合题意，故填sufficiency。

2~4.【答案】A、D、D【解析】（1）A．细节理解题．根据文章第一段，BanffwasCanada'sfirstwildlifereserveandthesedaysthetownofBanffisthemostpopulartouristdestinationinthecountry．Banff是加拿大第一个野生动物保护区，如今Banff镇是加拿大最受欢迎的旅游胜地．可知，Banff是加拿大第一个野生动物保护区，结合选项，故选

（2）D．推理判断题．根据文章第二段，FishinghasalwaysbeenbiginLunenburg：mostofAtlanticCanada'sdeep-seafishingboatsleavefromhere，andNorthAmerica'sbiggestfish-processingfactoryislocatedinthetown．可知，Lunenburg的捕鱼业一直很发达：加拿大大西洋沿岸的大部分深海渔船都是从这里出发的，北美最大的鱼类加工厂就坐落在这里．因此，北美最大的鱼类加工厂在Lunenburg，结合选项，故选D．

（3）D．细节理解题．根据文章第三段，Althoughitisfreezing，manyvisitorscometoseethepolarbears，whales，Arcticfoxes，andiftheyarelucky，theNorthernLights．虽然天气很冷，但许多游客还是来看看北极熊、鲸鱼、北极狐，如果幸运的话，还有北极光．可知，大多数到Churchill的游客最想看的是极光，结合选项，故选D．

本文章主要向读者介绍了三个加拿大值得游览和参观的景点，并对其进行了说明．

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．

5~7.【答案】C、B、D【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据第二段中PDDattractsattentionfortworeasons.Oneisitsbusinessmodel.DavidLiu，vice-presidentofstrategy，explainsthatithasdrawnonthepopularityofsmartphoneinChinatocreateane-commerceexperienceinwhichpeople

clubtogethertobuyproductsfromrobotvacuum-cleanerstobananas.（拼多多吸引人们关注有两个原因。其一是它的商业模式。战略副总裁DavidLiu解释说，该公司利用智能手机在中国的普及创造了一种电子商务体验，人们clubtogether购买从机器人真空吸尘器到香蕉等各种产品。）及后面的Somecallthis"communitygroup-buy".（有人称之为"社区团购"。）可知，划线短语的意思是"团购，一起购物"。A.Sharetheexpenses分摊费用；B.Haveaclubtogether一起开个俱乐部；C.Buysomethingingroups集体购物；D.Interactwitheachother相互交流。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据最后一段开头Remarkably，thekeytoitssuccessfocusedonpartsofthemarkettheyhavebeenunabletoreachinsteadofdefeatingitsbiggercompetitors.（值得注意的是，其成功的关键在于他们无法进入的部分市场，而不是击败更大的竞争对手。）可知，拼多多火爆的主要原因是开拓了新市场，进入了其他网购巨头无法进入的部分市场。故选B。

（3）主旨大意题。通读全文及根据第一段中ItisPinduoduo（PDD），aChinesefirmthatstartedin2015asanonlinefoodsupplier，butwhosesuccesshasdrivenitsmarketvalueabove﹩200bn.LastyearitwasChina'sfastest-growingInternetstock，risingby330%.（它就是拼多多（PDD），一家成立于2015年的中国公司，最初是一家在线食品供应商，但其成功使其市值超过2000亿美元。去年，它是中国增长最快的互联网股票，上涨了330%。）可知，文章主要介绍了成立于2015年的拼多多是如何在中国电子商务市场中迅速发展和壮大的。D选项"拼多多，中国增长最快的在线业务将击败电子商务巨头"体现了文章的主旨大意。故选D。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了成立于2015年的拼多多是如何在中国电子商务市场中迅速发展和壮大的。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

8~11.【答案】B、B、A、B【解析】（1）B.目的意图题。作者在文章首句引用广告词"Ourcoffeeislovedbymillionsworldwide"Doyouoftenseethiskindofadvertisinginyourcountry？Statementslikethesethatnoonecanprovearecalledpuffery.Pufferyislegal,eventhoughitcannotbeproved"我们的咖啡深受全世界数百万人的喜爱，"你经常在贵国看到这种广告吗？这种没有人能证明的陈述被称为夸大其词。由此判断出"Ourcoffeeislovedbymillionsworldwide"，是为了导出下文的主题：广告中存在夸大其词的现象。故选B。

（2）B.细节理解题。根据第二段首句"Usingpufferytoraiseawarenessofproductsandtoincreasesales,isacommonadvertisingmethod.使用夸大，吹嘘来提高产品的知名度和增加销售量，是一种常见的广告方法。"可知，广告中利用夸大、吹捧是为了提高产品知名度，增加销售量。故选B。

（3）A.推理推断题。根据文章最后一段中"Aslongasthereareeffectivewaysofmonitoringadvertisementstopreventdeliberatedeception（欺骗）insafetyandquality,itseemsthatmostpufferyisrelativelyharmless."作者认为只要有有效的方法监测广告，防止在安全性和质量上蓄意欺骗，广告中的夸大其词对消费者来说是相对无害的，因此是可以接受的。由此判断出，夸大其词在有效的监控是可以接受的。故选A。

（4）B.标题归纳题。通读全文，文章主要论述了广告中的夸大其词的作用和影响。夸大其词的广告是提高新产品知名度、增加销量的好方法，但广告中的夸大有可能误导消费者。作者认为要有有效的方法监测广告，防止在安全性和质量上蓄意欺骗消费者。因此文章的标题应该是"广告中的夸大其词"。故选B。

本文是议论文。文章论述了广告中的夸大其词的现象，认为广告中的夸大吹捧是一种观点，而不是一种客观的陈述，有可能误导消费者。作者认为夸大其词是提高新产品知名度的好方法，但是要有有效的方法监测广告，防止在安全性和质量上蓄意欺骗消费者。

考查社会文化类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

12~16.【答案】C、A、C、D、B【解析】（1）C.推理判断题。根据第一段Using

such

wildlife

corridors

（走廊）

to

link

up

larger

but

isolated（孤立的）protected

areas

is

the

most

widely

used

method

for

‘stopping

biodiversity

decline

（生物多样性衰退），with

millions

of

dollars

spent

creating

and

protecting

then

every

year.But

has

enthusiasm

for,a

neat

idea

got

ahead

of

the

science？（利用这样的野生动物走廊连接更大但与世隔绝的地区，是"阻止生物多样性下降"最常用的方法，每年都要花费数百万美元来创造和保护生物多样性。但有没有热情，一个巧妙的想法会领先于科学？）可知，作者认为为了创建并保护动物每年几百万美元被投入，这种理想化的野生动物保护走廊也许违背科学，不现实。故选C。

（2）A.推理判断题。根据第二段perhaps

most

importantly

-

isolated

populations

can

interbreed

（杂交），improving

their

genetic

（基因的）：diversity

and

their

ability

to-survive.（也许最重要的是，孤立的种群可以进行杂交，改善其遗传多样性和生存能力。）可知，野生动物保护走廊的建立是为了解决野生动物栖息地的孤岛化和破碎化的状况。故选A。

（3）C.推理判断题。根据第三段Recently,Paul

Beier,a

biologist

from

Northern

Arizona：University,and

his

colleague

Andrew

Gregory,

-

warned

that

"in

spite.of

much

research,there

is.little

'evidence

that

protection

corridors

work

as

expected.

"（最近，来自北亚利桑纳大学的生物学家保罗•拜尔和他的同事安德鲁•格雷戈里警告说，"尽管进行了大量的研究，但几乎没有证据表明保护走廊按预期工作。"）

可知，Beier认为现在动物保护走廊的效果不如预期，还需要更多的证据。故选C。

（4）D.推理判断题。第四段Such

claims

sometimes

hold

up.In

the

United

Kingdom,the

expansion

（扩张）

of

Kielder

Forest

in

the

1960s

provided

a

link

between

isolated

populations

of

endangered

red

squirrels.Genes

from

isolated

populations

have

now

"spread

through

hundreds

of

forest

parts"

across

100

kilometers

and

more.But

the

Kielder

Forest

is

much

wider

than

an

ordinary

corridor.Few

studies

havelooked

for

gene

exchange

in

corridors；even

fewer

have,found

it.One

study

researched

the

genetic

diversity

of

small

marsupials

（有袋类动物）

in

a

narrow

forest

corridor

crossing

4.5

kilometers

of

grassland

in

Queensland,Australia.It

found

that

genetically

distinct

populations

had

kept

on

staying

at

either

end.Mixing

was

impossible.（这种说法有时成立。在英国，20世纪60年代凯尔德森林的扩张为濒危红松鼠的孤立种群之间提供了联系。来自孤立种群的基因现在已经"传播到数百个森林地区"，跨越100公里甚至更多。但是基尔德森林比普通的走廊要宽得多。很少有研究在走廊中寻找基因交换更少的人找到了它。一项研究研究了澳大利亚昆士兰4.5公里草地上狭窄森林走廊中小型有袋动物的遗传多样性。研究发现，基因不同的种群一直停留在两端。混合是不可能的。）可知，动物保护走廊为动物繁殖提供场所这种说法是站得住脚的，但是Kielder

Forest

比普通动物走廊要宽阔，几乎没有研究在走廊中寻找到基因交换，有基因差异的动物群体一直保持着两地生活，在这里混合是不可能的。由此可知，Kielder

Forest

是一个不典型的动物保护走廊。故选D。

（5）B.观点态度题。根据第一段Using

such

wildlife

corridors

（走廊）

to

link

up

larger

but

isolated（孤立的）protected

areas

is

the

most

widely

used

method

for

‘stopping

biodiversity

decline

（生物多样性衰退），with

millions

of

dollars

spent

creating

and

protecting

then

every

year.But

has

enthusiasm

for,a

neat

idea

got

ahead

of

the

science？（利用这样的野生动物走廊连接更大但与世隔绝的地区，是"阻止生物多样性下降"最常用的方法，每年都要花费数百万美元来创造和保护生物多样性。但有没有热情，一个巧妙的想法会领先于科学？）可知，作者认为为了创建并保护动物每年几百万美元被投入，这种理想化的野生动物保护走廊也许违背科学，不现实。由此可知，作者对野生动物保护走廊持怀疑的态度。故选B。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了动物们也许不需要野生动物保护走廊，野生动物的生命通道"生物走廊带"的建立也许是一种浪费。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

17~21.【答案】F、D、G、A、E【解析】（1）F.推理判断题。上文The

1，800

report

took

three

years

to

finish.（这份1800页的报告花了三年时间才完成）说明联合国报告花费了很长时间，F项中It指代上文中的报告，F项"它借鉴了来自数十个国家的450名科学家的成果。"进一步说明这份报告借鉴了很多人的工作成果，承接上文，符合语境。故选F。

（2）D.推理判断题。下文Since

1970，the

human

population

has

doubled.The

global

economy

has

grown

by

four

times.To

feed，clothe

and

give

energy

to

this

fast-changing

world，lots

of

forests

have

been

cut

down.（自1970年以来，人口增加了一倍。全球经济增长了四倍。为了给这个快速变化的世界提供食物、衣服和能量，许多森林被砍伐了）说明造成物种灭绝速度增长的原因，D项"报告列出了