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Monet,AndTheImpressionMovementHeWasInOutline●HistoricalBackground●
TheIntroductionofImpressionism●
Monet,theImpressionist●
TheInfluenceofMonetandtheImpressionismHistoricalBackgroundWhatIsImpressionism?●
Impressionism,amajormovement,firstinpaintingandlaterinmusic,thatdevelopedchieflyinFranceduringthelate19thandearly20thcenturies.●
Impressionistpaintingcomprisestheworkproducedbyagroupofartistswhosharedasetofrelatedapproachesandtechniques.●
ThemostconspicuouscharacteristicofImpressionismwasanattempttoaccuratelyandobjectivelyrecordvisualrealityintermsoftransienteffects(瞬时效应)oflightandcolour.
RepresentativeFiguresImpressionistpainters:●Principal:
ClaudeMonet,PierreAugusteRenoir,CamillePissarro,AlfredSisley,etc●
EdgarDegas(德加)andPaulCézanne(塞尚)intheearly1870s.●
TheestablishedpainterManetadoptedtheImpressionistapproachabout1873.Inotheraspects:●
Music:ClaudeDebussy&MauriceRavel●Literature(closelyrelatedtosymbolism):Baudelaire,
Rimbaud,
Verlaine,etc.InnovationinScience&Technology→InnovationinImpressionism
●
ColourTheory●
Camera●
Innovation&ExperimentsTheemergingscienceofcolortheoryplayedanimportantroleinthedevelopmentofimpressionism.TheIssueofBlack●Pureblackisrarelyusedbytheimpressionistpainters.●Monetobtainedanappearanceofblackbycombiningblues,greensandreds.Heeliminatedalmostcompletelyblackfromhispainting,evenintheshadows.AvoidingblackwassodeeplyanchoredinMonet'smannerthatwhenhedied,hisfriendGeorgesClemenceauwouldnotstandtheblacksheetcoveringthecoffin.Heexclaimed:"No!NoblackforMonet!"andreplaceditbyafloweredmaterial.InfluencefromCamera●helpingtheartistsstudymovementandgesturestocaptureasenseofreal-lifespontaneity,tofullyunderstandthesurroundings,thedetails,contraststoviewfromanotherperspectiveandsoon;●Inspiringthemtoexperimentwiththecandidgroupings,off-centerfocus,deepperspectivesforeshortening;●recordingtherealworldratherthanhistoricalimagination-Impressionistsmotivatedtodepictpeopleandlandscapeswithoutmythologicalorhistoricalexaggerations.Innovation&ExperimentsBlurredmovingfigures-slowshutterspeed;blurryeffectMixingprimarycolours-apaletteofjusteighttotencolorstoachievemanyvariableandsubtleeffectsPaintingrealpeople-everydayactivities;variousclassesComplimentarycolours-createanespeciallyintenseeffect;vibrancyLifebeyondtheframe–seeminglycarelesscutofffigures;viewerstoacknowledgethatlifecontinuedbeyondtheframePublicOpinion●
PaintingswererejectedbySalondeParisandsomemuseumexhibitionsformanytimes●
IfImpressionistswerebecomingappreciatedfromthe1880s,theirsituationwasstillharsh;theSalonwasstillrefusingtheirpaintings,andin1894,25outof65artworksdonatedtotheLuxembourgmuseumwererejected.●
whenCamillePissarro,theImpressionistpatriarch,diedin1903,everybodyagreedthatthismovementwasthemain19thcenturyartisticrevolution,andthatallitsmemberswereamongthefinestpainters.ClaudeMonet'searlyworks:(1858~1873)TheBeginningofImpressionistArtAtthebeginningofhiscareer,Monetuseddarkcolors,ashedidinthe'StudioCorner'markedbyblackshades.HispaintingevokestheRealistSchool.From1860on,Monetabandoneddarkcolorsandworkedfromapalettelimitedtopurelightcolors.LuncheonOnTheGrass(1865)●
Monet’sfirstmasterpiece;●
usingthesamethemeandsamestyleasManettwoyearsbeforeforhisown"Luncheononthegrass",apaintingwhichscandalizedpeopleatthe"Salon"in1863.ExquisitecaptureoflightandcoloursTheReaderInthespringof1872ProbablytheportraitofhiswifeCamilleImpressionSunrise(1873)——TheImpressionismwasbornPaintingsofArgenteuil&Vétheuil
(1872~1882)"Itis
becauseIrediscoveredandallowedintuitiveandsecretforcestopredominatethatIwasabletoidentifywithcreationandbecomeabsorbedinit."ClaudeMonetLifeinArgenteuilTheLuncheon-familyhappinessatArgenteuil:Aquietsummerafternoon,JeanMonetissittingonthegroundandplaying,Camilleappearsinthebackground.Lifein
Vétheuil"Howmanyshadesofhowmanycolorsaretherewithinthenuancesoflightinthissimpletreetrunk?"ClaudeMonetTravels(1884~1908)"WhatI'llbringbackfromherewillbesoftnessitself,white,pink,blue,allofthiswrappedinthisfairyair."
ClaudeMonet
TheNetherlands(1886)Venice,Italy(1908)●affectedbycataract(白内障),visionalteredLondon,England(1900,1903)HousesofParliament,EffectofSunlightintheFog(1900)TheLateYear:
Giverny(1883-1926)
"Whereasyouarephilosophicallyseekingtheworldinitself,Iamsimplyfocusingmyeffortsonamaximumofappearancesinclosecorrelationswithunknownrealities."ClaudeMonet●Bought10yearsafterhisarrivalatGiverny;laterenlargedtotoday’ssize.●
Thewatergardenisfullofasymmetries(不对称)andcurves.ItisinspiredbytheJapanesegardensthatMonetknewfromtheprintshecollected.Water-LilyPondinGiverny"
MybadsightmeansthatIseeeverythingthroughamist.Evensoitisbeautiful,andthat'swhatIwouldliketoshow.”ClaudeMonetTwelvelargecanvas:TheWater-Lilies(1916~1926)●
donatedtoFrancetocelebrate1918victory●
laterbeinstalledinanarchitecturalspacedesignedspecificallyforthematanmuseuminParisInfluences●
InfluenceofMonet●
InfluenceofImpressionism●
InfluenceonMusicMonetwasafounderofFrenchimpressionistpainting.Hewasthemostconsistentandprolific(多产旳)practitionerofthemovement'sphilosophyofexpressingone'sperceptionsbeforenature,especiallyasappliedtoplain-airlandscapepainting.ThetermImpressionismisderivedfromthetitleofhispainting“Impression,Sunrise”.TheImpressionistscreatedamodelforfreedomandsubjectivitythatpromotedartisticfreedomthatwhichmanyartistsofthepastlongedfor.
Theirexampleempowered(允许,授权)laterartiststhattookitmuchfurtherthantheydid.Duetotheneverendingsupplyofresourceswehaveatourcommandinourpresentlives,artcontinuestoexpandandwillstillcontinuetogrowandbreaklimitsthatwillfascinatepeople.Itmarkedanewwayofpaintingthatwasmoreconcernedwithcreatingimpressionsofthetransienteffects(瞬时效应)oflight.Manyartistspaintedoutside,inanattempttocapturefleetingeffectsofsunlightoneverydayscenes.Coloursbecamemoreimportantthanlineinthecreationofshimmeringsurfacesofvibratingcolours.
VanGoghwasinfluencedbyhisfriendshipwithImpressionists.AfterseeingtheirpaintingsinParis,hebegantousebrightercolorsandbrokenbrushstrokes.Howeverhedifferedfromtheminoneimportantway.Ashewrotein1888,“InsteadoftryingtorenderwhatIseebeforeme,Iusecolorinacompletelyarbitrary(任意旳)wayinordertoexpressmyselfpowerfully”.InfluenceofImpressionismonVanGoghInfluencedbythepaintingsoftheFrenchimpressionistsandbyth
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