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Presentation----XXXTheConflictBetweenPuritanismandHumanisminTheScarletLetterbyHawthorne论霍桑旳红字中清教主义与人文主义旳冲突Outlineofthispresentation1ContentsofthePaper2Introduction3LiteratureReview4Methodology5Conclusion6WorkscitedContentofthePaper12◆Asaculturalheritage,PuritanismexertsalastinginfluenceoverthethoughtandliteratureofAmerica.NathanielHawthornewasanimportantRomanticnovelistofAmericain19thcentury.Beingborninareligiousfamily,HawthorneaswellashisworksarefilledwithideasofPuritanism.◆Ontheotherhand,wecanalsofindsomeevidenceofHumanisminhisworks.Actually,manycharactersinTheScarletLetterareconveyerofthecontradictionofPuritanismandHumanism.IntroductionPuritanism:

PuritanismreferstothemovementarisingwithintheChurchofEnglandinthelatterpartofthe16thcenturythatsoughttopurify,orreform,thatchurchandestablishamiddlecoursebetweenRomanCatholicismandtheideasoftheProtestantreformers.Humanism:

Humanismisthespiritoflearningthatdevelopedattheendofthemiddleageswiththerevivalofclassicallettersandarenewedconfidenceintheabilityofhumanbeingstodetermineforthemselvestruthandfalsehood.

TwotermsPurpose:

AccordingtotheanalysisofthemaincharactersandcomparisonbetweenPuritanismandHumanism,aswellasotheraspects,personalityandthesocietyforinstance,thispaperistogiveevidencethatTheScarletLetterisnotjustone-sidedresultofPuritanismorHumanismbutarathercomplexconflictorcontradictionbetweenthesetwobeliefs.3LiteratureReviewBecauseoftheconsiderableinfluenceofTheScarletLetterbyHawthorne,manyresearcheshavebeendoneinallaspects,suchasPuritanismembodiedinthiswork,orratherconveyedbysomespecificcharacters.SomeofthoseresearchesalsonoticedHumanismboundedinthisinfluentialworkthroughthecharacterPearl.

Herearesomeexamples:◆AnalysisoftheSininTheScarletLetter，WuHaiping

,Shaanxi——ThepresentpapertriestoanalyzethesinsinNathanielHawthorneworkTheScarletLetterthesinsofHester,theReverendArthurDimmesdale,andRogerChillingworth.ThroughaclosestudyofthecharactersinTheScarletLetter,wedrawclosertounderstandthethemeofsin.

Thisworkfocusedonsinsofthemaincharacters.Actually,theauthorjustfocusedontheside-effectsofPuritanism.◆《红字》旳清教主义老式透视,孙筱珍,山东师大外国语学院——

描写了清教主义盛行旳新英格兰所发生旳犯罪、情欲、悔过和社会镇压,体现了清教主义老式在人们思想上和生活上旳烙印、对人旳精神上旳摧残、对人性和人权旳压抑。

ThisworkemphasizedtherepressionandwreckagethatPuritanismbroughtabout.◆TheTragicLoveofTheScarletLetter,HouWeizheng,Jiangsu——ItexposedgloomyanddespicablerepulsionofhumannatureandatthesametimeextolledglorioussoulbyportrayingthedarkrealityunderPuritanisminthe17thcentury.ItexposedbourgeoisiePuritanshypocrisy,selfishnessandfraudulence.

ThisthesisfocusontheinfluencethatPuritanismexertedonlovebetweenHesterandDimmesdale.◆SymbolsofPearlinTheScarletletter,LiAiqing,JiaozuoInstituteofEducation——ThisarticleevaluatesTheScarletLetterwiththehelpofanalyzingthesymbolicmeaningsofPearl.FromtheinterpretationofthesymbolsofPearl,ithasbeenprovedthatPearlbecomesHawthorne'sbestvehicletoconveyhisattitudestowardHumanism.

Differentfromtheformer3papersIlisted,thisthesispaidattentiontoanothersideofTheScarletletter,Humanism.Manypreviousresearchedresultsonthisworkareconcentratedondifferentaspectsoftheinfluenceofthetwobeliefs,suchasreligion,sin,adultery,thespiritofrevolt,etc.Besides,someworkshaveanalyzedrelationshipsbetweenthosecharactersandoneofthetwobeliefstosomeextent.

ButnoneofthempaidattentiontothatactuallyTheScarletLetterisnotjustone-sidedresultofPuritanismorHumanism,butacomplexconflict,orrathercompound,betweenthistwobeliefsthatexpressedbythemaincharactersinit.Myview4MethodologyInmypaper,3mainmethodshavebeenapplied,i.e.,ComparativeMethod,QualitativeMethod,AnalyticalMethod.Forexample,◆TheanalysisofPuritanismandHumanismandcomparisonbetweenthemisbasedonthecomparativemethod.BecausePuritanismbroughtpeoplerepression,spiritualwreckage,whileHumanismgavehopeandthespiritofrevoltagainstdarkness.Thesetwobeliefssometimesmingledtogetherinthemindofthemaincharacters.

◆Besides,IappliedqualitativemethodwhenitcomestoourunderstandingofthebeliefsofPuritanismandHumanism,whichisalsothebasisofmypaper.Becausesometimesthedefinitionofthesetwobeliefsaredistinguishedbydifferentsituations,especiallywhenitcomestoreligionandlove.◆Finally,thereisalsoaveryimportantmethod,analyticalmethod,thatIusedinmypaper.EspeciallywhenanalyzingtheconflictbetweenHester’spersonalityandthesociety,previoushusbandandherreallove,aswellasthosetwobeliefs.5ConclusionHawthorne’sattitudetowardPuritanismisrathercomplexasaresultofcomplicatedsituationofPuritanismitself.Ononehand,thecruelrejectionandprosecutiontowardPuritansandtheoppressionandrestraintofPuritandoctrinefilledHawthorne’smindwithsuspicionandbewilderment.Heresiststhistraditionandcondemnsthecrazeandhypocrisyofthosecreeds.However,ontheotherhand,heisalsoconfinedtothistradition,andunderstandsthesocietywithanoutlooktowardgoodandevilofPuritanism.

ReflectedinHawthorne’swo