2019年英语新选修八讲义Unit1SectionⅣLearningaboutLanguageUsingLanguage

Section_ⅣLearning_about_Language_&_Using_Language[原文呈现]GEORGE'SDIARY12TH­14THJUNEMonday12th,JuneArrivedearlythismorningbybus.Wentstraighttohoteltodropmyluggage①，showerandshave②.Thenwentexploring③.Firstthingwasarideonacable④car.FromtopofthehillgotaspectacularviewofSanFranciscoBayandthecity.Builtin1873,thecablecarsystemwasinventedbyAndrewHallidie⑤，whowantedtofindabetterformoftransportthanhorse­drawntrams⑥.Apparently⑦he'dbeenshockedwhenhesawaterribleaccidentinwhichatram'sbrakes⑧failed,theconductor⑨couldnotcontrolthesituationandthetramslippedeq\o(○,\s\up1(10))downthehilldraggingthehorseswithit.HadalatelunchatFisherman'sWharf⑪.ThisisthedistrictwhereItalianfishermenfirstcametoSanFranciscointhelate19thcenturyandbeganthefishingindustry⑫.Nowit'satouristareawithlotsofshops,seafoodrestaurantsandbakeries⑬.It'salsotheplacetocatchtheferry⑭toAngelIsland⑮andotherplacesintheBay.DidsomuchexploringatFisherman'sWharf.Amexhaustedanddon'tfeellikedoinganythingelse.Earlybedtonight！[读文清障]①luggage/'lʌɡIdʒ/n.行李(〈美〉baggage)②shave/ʃeIv/vt.&vi.(shaved;shaved,shaven)刮；剃③goexploring去探险④cable/'keIbl/n.缆绳；绳索；电缆cablecar缆车；(美)有轨缆车⑤AndrewHallidie/'ændruː'hælIdI/安德鲁·哈利迪⑥tram/træm/n.(有轨)电车⑦apparently/ə'pærəntlI/adv.显然地；显而易见地apparent/ə'pærənt/adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的⑧brake/breIk/n.闸；刹车；制动器vi.&vt.刹(车)；用制动器减速⑨conductor/kən'dʌktə/n.(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥eq\o(○,\s\up1(10))slip/slIp/vi.(slipped;slipping)滑动；滑行，滑跤n.滑动；滑倒⑪wharf/wɔːf/n.码头⑫where引导定语从句，修饰thedistrict。⑬bakery/'beIkərI/n.面包房；面包厂⑭ferry/'ferI/n.渡船；渡口vt.摆渡；渡运⑮AngelIsland天使岛乔治的日记(6月12日～14日)6月12日星期一清晨乘公共汽车抵达，直赴旅馆，放下行李，洗澡、刮脸，即去观光。先是乘缆车，在山顶览胜，观看旧金山湾及整个城市。缆车系统建于1873年，是由安德鲁·哈利迪发明的，他试图找到一种比马拉轨道车更好的交通方式。他曾经看到过一次可怕的交通事故：由于一辆马拉轨道车刹车失灵，驾车者对局面失去控制，车子和马一起从山上滑了下去，很明显这让他受到了极大的震惊。午餐是在渔人码头吃的，吃得很晚。意大利渔民于19世纪末首先来到旧金山，并且在这儿开始了捕鱼业。如今这儿是一个旅游区了，有许多商店、海鲜馆和面包房。这也是乘船去天使岛和海湾其他地方的渡口。在渔人码头看了这么多东西，我精疲力竭，什么也不想干了。今晚要早点睡觉！Tuesday13th,JuneTeamedupwith⑯acouplefrommyhotel(PeterandTerri)andhired⑰acar.Spentalldaydrivingaroundthecity.There'safascinating⑱drive⑲markedout⑳fortouristseq\o(○,\s\up1(21)).Ithasblueandwhitesignswithseagullseq\o(○,\s\up1(22))onthemeq\o(○,\s\up1(23))toshowthewaytogo.It'sa79kmround­tripthattakesineq\o(○,\s\up1(24))allthefamoustouristspotseq\o(○,\s\up1(25)).Stoppedmanytimestoadmiretheviewofthecityfromdifferentangleseq\o(○,\s\up1(26))andtakephotographs.Nowhaveareallygoodideaofwhatthecity'slikeeq\o(○,\s\up1(27)).Inevening,wenttoChinatownwithPeterandTerri.Chineseimmigrantssettledinthisareainthe1850s.ThefrontsofthebuildingsaredecoratedtolooklikeoldbuildingsinsouthernChina.Sawsomeinterestingtempleshere,anumberofmarketsandagreatmanyeq\o(○,\s\up1(28))restaurants.Alsoartgalleriesandamuseumeq\o(○,\s\up1(29))containingdocuments,photographsandallsortsofobjectsaboutthehistoryofChineseimmigrationeq\o(○,\s\up1(30))，butitisclosedintheevening.Willgobackduringtheday.Hadadeliciousmealandthenwalkeddownthehilltoourhotel.,⑯teamupwith与……合作或一起工作⑰hire/'haIə/vt.&n.租用；雇用⑱fascinating/'fæsIneItIŋ/adj.迷人的；吸引人的⑲drive此处用作名词，表示“车道，路”。⑳markout用线画出范围；标出……界线eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))过去分词短语markedoutfortourists作后置定语，修饰drive。eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))seagull/'siːɡʌl/n.海鸥eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))withseagullsonthem是“with＋宾语＋介词短语”构成with的复合结构，在句中作定语，修饰blueandwhitesigns。eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))takein包括；吸收eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))thattakesin...是定语从句，修饰a79kmround­trip。eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))angle/'æŋɡl/n.角；角度eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))whatthecity'slike是of的宾语从句，what是连接代词，在从句中作介词like的宾语。eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))agreat/goodmany许多；很多eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))现在分词短语containing...作后置定语，修饰amuseum。eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))immigration/ˌImI'ɡreIʃn/n.移民；移居入境6月13日星期二同饭店里的一对夫妻(彼得和泰莉)作伴，一起租了一辆小汽车，一整天驱车游览城市。有一条专为旅游者选定的有趣的驾车游活动。车身上有蓝白两色相间的标记，上面有海鸥以表示要去的路线。这是一次往返79千米的旅行，它涵盖了所有著名的旅游景点。途中多次停车，以便从不同角度欣赏城市风景并摄影。现在确实对城市的面貌有了一个很好的了解。晚上，跟彼得和泰莉一起去中国城。中国移民于19世纪50年代定居在这个地区。建筑物前面装饰得就像中国南部地区的古建筑一样。在这儿看到了一些有趣的寺庙，很多的集贸市场和许多餐馆，还有美术馆和一个博物馆。博物馆里有关于中国移民史的文件、照片和各种各样的物品，但是晚上关门了。打算白天再来。吃了一顿可口的饭菜，然后步行下山回到旅馆。Wednesday14th,JuneInmorning,tookferrytoAngelIslandfromtheportinSanFranciscoBay.OnthewayhadagoodviewoftheGoldenGateBridge.From1882to1940AngelIslandwasafamousimmigrationstationwheremanyChinesepeopleappliedforeq\o(○,\s\up1(31))righttoliveinUSAeq\o(○,\s\up1(32)).Thecellsinthestationwereverysmall,coldanddamp;somedidnotevenhavelightbuttheimmigrantshadnowhereeq\o(○,\s\up1(33))elsetogo.Theirmiserableeq\o(○,\s\up1(34))stayseemedtobepunishmenteq\o(○,\s\up1(35))ratherthanjusticeeq\o(○,\s\up1(36))andfreedomtothem.Theywrotepoemsonthewallsabouttheirlonelinessandmournedeq\o(○,\s\up1(37))theirformerlifeinChina.In1940thecivileq\o(○,\s\up1(38))authoritieseq\o(○,\s\up1(39))reformedeq\o(○,\s\up1(40))thesystemsothatmanymoreChinesepeoplewereabletograspeq\o(○,\s\up1(41))theopportunityofsettlingeq\o(○,\s\up1(42))intheUSA.Mademeverythoughtfuleq\o(○,\s\up1(43))andthankfuleq\o(○,\s\up1(44))formylifetoday.,eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))applyfor申请；请示得到eq\o(○,\s\up1(32))wheremany...是where引导的定语从句，修饰afamousimmigrationstation。eq\o(○,\s\up1(33))nowhere/'nəʊweə/adv.无处；到处都无eq\o(○,\s\up1(34))miserable/'mIzərəbl/adj.痛苦的；悲惨的eq\o(○,\s\up1(35))punishment/'pʌnIʃmənt/n.处罚；惩罚eq\o(○,\s\up1(36))justice/'dʒʌstIs/n.正义；公平eq\o(○,\s\up1(37))mourn/mɔːn/vt.&vi.哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛eq\o(○,\s\up1(38))civil/'sIvl/adj.公民的；国内的；民间的eq\o(○,\s\up1(39))authority/ɔː'θɒrItI/n.权威；权力(pl.)当局；官方eq\o(○,\s\up1(40))reform/rI'fɔːm/vt.&vi.改革；革新n.改革；改造；改良eq\o(○,\s\up1(41))grasp/ɡrɑːsp/vt.&n.抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会eq\o(○,\s\up1(42))sothatmany...是sothat引导的结果状语从句。eq\o(○,\s\up1(43))thoughtful/'θɔːtfl/adj.关切的；体贴的；深思的eq\o(○,\s\up1(44))thankful/'θæŋkfl/adj.感激的；感谢的6月14日星期三早晨，从旧金山湾的港口乘轮渡去天使岛，路上观赏了金门大桥。从1882年至1940年，天使岛成为一个著名的移民站，许多中国人在那儿申请美国居住权。移民站的房间又小又冷又潮湿，一些房间甚至没有光，但是移民们没有其他去处。悲惨的境遇对他们来说似乎是一种惩罚而谈不上公平和自由。他们在墙上写诗，抒发孤独的情感，痛惜以前在中国的生活。1940年民政部门改革了制度，使得更多的中国人能够得到机会定居美国。这引起我的感慨，使我对今天的生活感到欣慰。Choosethebestanswersaccordingtothetext.1．GeorgewenttoAngelIslandby________.A．bus B．cablecarC．ferry D．car2．InChinatownGeorgesawmanyobjectsexcept________.A．temples B．artgalleriesC．amuseum D．paper­cuttings3．Thephrase“takesin”inthesentence“It'sa79kmround­tripthattakesinallthefamoustouristspots.”means“________”．A．cheats B．includesC．understands D．eats4．RearrangethefollowingeventsGeorgedid.a．geographicareasofCaliforniab．whereGeorge'stourstartedc．CaliforniaisnotasGeorgeexpectedd．whereGeorgeisnowA．a，b，c，d B．d，b，c，aC．b，d，c，a D．c，a，d，b5．WhichofthefollowingisWRONG?A．Georgewenttobedearlyforthefirstnight.B．Heatehislunchatthehotel.C．Horse­drawntramsusedtobedangerous.D．Georgewalkeddownthehill.答案：1～5CDBBB对应学生用书P16一、这样记单词记得准·写得对记得快·记得多Ⅰ.基础词汇1.customsn．海关；关税；进口税2.occurvi.发生；出现3.cattlen.牛(总称)4.slipvi.滑动；滑行；滑跤n.滑动；滑倒5.anglen.角；角度6.nowhereadv.无处；到处都无7.mournvt.&vi.哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛8.authorityn.权威；权力(pl.)当局；官方9.graspvt.&n.抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会10.thankfuladj.感激的；感谢的Ⅱ.拓展词汇1.applicantn．申请人→applyv．申请；使用2.socialistn．社会主义者；社会党人adj.社会主义者的→socialismn．社会主义→societyn．社会→socialadj.社会的3.indicatevt.指出；指示；指明；表明；暗示→indicationn．指示；标示4.luggagen．行李→baggage(同义词〈美〉)n.行李5.apparentadj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的→apparentlyadv.显然地；显而易见地6.hirevi.&n．租用；雇用→hirern．租借者；雇主→employ(同义词)v.雇用；使用7.punishmentn．处罚；惩罚→punishvt.惩罚8.justicen．正义；公平→justadj.正义的；公正的；合理的9.reformvt.&vi.改革；革新n．改革；改造；改良→reformern．改进者；改革者→reformationn．改进；改良①custom(风俗)→customs(海关)②manner(方式)→manners(礼貌)③paper(纸)→papers(文件)④art(艺术)→arts(文科)⑤arm(手臂)→arms(武器)⑥brain(脑袋)→brains(脑力)⑦work(工作)→works(作品)⑧short(短的)→shorts(短裤)2.occurvi.发生；出现[记法]occur→occurred→occurred→occurring3.graspvt.&n.抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会[词块]①graspanychance把握任何机会②graspsb.'smeaning理解某人的意思“雇用；辞退”有关的词汇全接触①hiren．&vt.雇用②employvt.雇用③takeon雇用④firevt.解雇⑤dismissvt.解雇⑥dischargevt.辞退⑦layoff解雇⑧turnaway解雇二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.occur_to_sb.某人想到2．apply_for申请；请示得到3．slip_down滑下去4．back_to_back背靠背5．team_up_with与……合作或一起工作6．mark_out用线画出范围；标出……界线7．take_in包括；吸收8．a_good/great_many许多；很多1.dropmyluggage放下我的行李2．brakesfail刹车失灵3．thefishingindustry捕鱼业4．atouristarea旅游区5．allthefamoustouristspots所有著名的旅游景点6．fromdifferentangles从不同角度7．haveagoodviewof...观赏……8．afamousimmigrationstation一个著名的移民站三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Builtin1873,thecablecarsystemwasinventedbyAndrewHallidie,whowantedtofindabetterformoftransportthanhorse­drawntrams.缆车系统建于1873年，是由安德鲁·哈利迪发明的，他试图找到一种比马拉轨道车更好的交通方式。过去分词短语“Builtin1873”在句中作状语。Ordered_over_a_week_ago,_thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.(2016·北京高考改编)这些书一个多星期以前就被下订单了，现在预计随时会到。2.Ithasblueandwhitesignswithseagullsonthemtoshowthewaytogo.车身上有蓝白两色相间的标记，上面有海鸥以表示要去的路线。with的复合结构在句中作定语。Thepicturewith_two_tigers_running_in_a_forestwassoldlastweek.森林中奔跑着两只老虎的那幅画上周被卖掉了。3.In1940thecivilauthoritiesreformedthesystemsothatmanymoreChinesepeoplewereabletograsptheopportunityofsettlingintheUSA.1940年民政部门改革了制度，使得更多的中国人能够得到机会定居美国。sothat在句中引导结果状语从句。Hedidn'tstudyhard,so_that_he_failed_in_the_exam.他没有努力学习，结果考试不及格。1．(教材P5)Yes.Itdidn'toccurtomethat...是的。当时我没有想起……occurvi.发生；出现sth.occurstosb. 某人突然想起某事Itoccursto/strikes/hitssb.that...某人突然想起……Itoccurstosb.todosth.某人突然想起做某事①AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina,forinstance.(2017·江苏高考)例如，青壮劳力的急剧下降的现象有可能会在中国发生。②Itoccurred_to/struck/hitherthatsheshouldadoptthehomelesschild.她突然想到她应该收养这个无家可归的孩子。③Didn'titoccurtoyouto_give(give)himacall?难道你没有想到给他打电话吗？2．(教材P7)Trytousetheexpressionsabovetoindicatethatyouarelisteningcarefullytoyourpartner.试着用上面的表达表明你在认真听同伴的讲述。indicatevt.指出；标示；表明；暗示(1)indicatethat... 表示……；示意……Asisindicatedin... 正如……所示(2)indicationn. 表明；显示①Hisattitudeindicatesthatheisnotveryhappywithwhatyouaredoing.他的态度表明他对你的所作所为很不高兴。②As_is_indicated_inthegraph,thebox­officeincomeofChinesefilmsincreasedconstantlyfrom2012to2015，butitsgrowth,forsomereasons,sloweddownin2016.(2017·江苏高考书面表达)正如图表所示，中国电影的票房收入从2012年到2015年间持续增长，但是，由于某些原因，它的增长在2016年却放慢下来。③Thereareclearindications(indicate)thattheeconomyisimproving.有明显的迹象显示经济正在改善。3．(教材P8)Apparentlyhe'dbeenshockedwhenhesawaterribleaccidentinwhichatram'sbrakesfailed,theconductorcouldnotcontrolthesituationandthetramslippeddownthehilldraggingthehorseswithit.他曾经看到过一次可怕的交通事故：由于一辆马拉轨道车刹车失灵，驾车者对局面失去控制，车子和马一起从山上滑了下去，很明显这让他受到了极大的震惊。apparentlyadv.显然地；显而易见地(1)Asisapparentlyshown/statedinthepicture/chart/passageabove...正如上面图画/图表/文中明显展示/陈述的那样……(2)apparentadj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的Itisapparentthat...显然……①Hepaused,apparentlylostinthought.他停顿下来，显然陷入了沉思。②As_is_apparently_shown_inthechartabove,thereareabout10%studentssupportingtheidea.正如上面图表所明确显示的那样，大约10%的学生支持这种观点。③Soon,itwasapparent(apparently)toeveryonethathecouldn'tsing.很快大家都明白他不会唱歌。4．(教材P8)It'sa79kmround­tripthattakesinallthefamoustouristspots.这是一次往返79千米的旅行，它涵盖了所有著名的旅游景点。takein包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留写出下列句中takein的含义①Thisisthetotalcostoftheholiday,takingeverythingin.包括②Don'tbetakeninbyproductspromisingtomakeyouloseweightquickly.欺骗③Ifounditeasytotakeinwhattheprofessorhadsaid.理解④Imanagedtorentabigenoughhousetotakeinhomelesspeople.收留takeoff起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功takeon呈现；雇用；承担takeover接收；接管；取代takeup占去；占据；开始从事⑤Manybusinessesstartedupbycollegestudentshavetakenoffthankstothecomfortableclimateforbusinesscreation.(2016·江苏高考)多亏宽松的创业环境，很多大学生创办的公司都已经取得成功了。⑥Therewillbemanychallengesahead,butIhaveconfidencethatI'lltakeontheburden.尽管前面有很多挑战，但我有信心勇挑重担。5．(教材P8)Sawsomeinterestingtempleshere,anumberofmarketsandagreatmanyrestaurants.在这儿看到了一些有趣的寺庙，很多的集贸市场和许多餐馆。agreat/goodmany许多；很多①Agoodmanyfamousartistswillperformhowtocutpaperonthespot.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)许多著名的艺术家将在现场表演怎样剪纸。[名师点津]agreat/goodmany后一般不用of，但后接代词或所修饰的名词前有定冠词the，后接指示代词these,those，物主代词my,their等时，需用of。②Agoodmanyofthepartsintheplanehavebeencollectedintheocean.从海洋上搜集了这架飞机上的许多残骸。③A_great_number_ofnewfactorieshavebeensetupinmyhometown.我的家乡建立了许多新的工厂。6．(教材P8)From1882to1940AngelIslandwasafamousimmigrationstationwheremanyChinesepeopleappliedforrighttoliveinUSA.从1882年至1940年，天使岛成为一个著名的移民站，许多中国人在那儿申请美国居住权。applyfor申请；请求得到(1)applyto 适用于……applyoneself/one'smindto(doing)sth. 致力于/专心于(做)某事applysth.to 把……应用于(2)applicantn. 申请人applicationn. 书面请求；申请书①Ifyouwanttoapplyformembership,youarerequiredtofillintheapplicationformandsendanemailtopingpong@123.com.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)如果你想申请会员资格，你必须填写申请表，并向pingpong@123.com发送电子邮件。②Ifyouapplyyourself(you)tothejobinhand,you'llsoonfinishit.如果你专心于做你目前的工作，你将能很快地把它做完。③Whatismostimportantisthatweshouldapplytheorytopractice.最重要的是我们应该把理论应用于实践。④Asthewageswerelow,therewerefewapplicants(apply)forthejob.因为工资低，没有什么人申请这份工作。Builtin1873,thecablecarsystemwasinventedbyAndrewHallidie,whowantedtofindabetterformoftransportthanhorse­drawntrams.缆车系统建于1873年，是由安德鲁·哈利迪发明的，他试图找到一种比马拉轨道车更好的交通方式。(1)过去分词短语Builtin1873在句中作状语。句中who引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰AndrewHallidie。①Seatedinhiscar,hewavedgoodbyetoallthepeoplewhocametoseehimoff.他坐在车上，向前来为他送行的所有人挥手告别。(2)过去分词短语通常在句中作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随、方式等状语。过去分词通常与句子的主语之间构成被动关系，或表示动作已完成。②Used(use)withcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.如果用得仔细的话，一罐可以够用六周。(表示条件)③Written(write)inahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood.因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。(表示原因)④Theteachercamein,followed(follow)byagroupofstudents.老师进来了，后面跟着一群学生。(表示伴随)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Didn'titoccurtoyouto_close(close)thewindow?2．Therearesomeindications(indicate)thatthehurricaneisover.3．Hewasapparently(apparent)muchsurprisedatthenewsthattheamateurathletebeattheprofessionalonewhorankedtopten.4．Inthepastfewyears,thevillagehastakenonanewlook.5．Agreatmanyofthestudentsinourclasshavepassedtheexam.6．Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldconsidermyapplication(apply)．7．Seen(see)fromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.Ⅱ.补全句子1．Notoncedid_it_occur_to_him_thathecouldonedaybecomeatopstudentinhisclass.他从没想过有一天会成为班里的一名尖子生。2．As_is_indicatedinthesurvey,moreandmorepeoplechoosetotravelabroad.正如调查中所示，越来越多的人选择出国旅游。3．Hewashomeless,sowetook_him_in.他无家可归，我们便收留了他。4．Alargequantityofmoneyhas_been_collected/raisedtohelpthosesufferingfromthefloods.已经募集了大量的善款来帮助那些遭受水灾的人们。5．Oncompletingthecourses,theteacherwillhaveearnedthequalificationtoapply_forateachinglicenseinThailand.一完成这些课程，老师就获得了资质，可以申请在泰国教学的资格证了。6．ProfessorListoodthere,surrounded_by_many_students.李教授站在那里，许多学生围着他。一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高[本课语言点针对练习]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Ishookmyheadandheldupfivefingersindicating(表明)thatIwaswillingtopayD|S5.2．Theruralreforms(改革)haveachievedgoodresults,andtherehasbeenanoticeablechangeinthecountryside.3．Withthechanceslipping(溜走)throughyourfingers,itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.4．Myunclehired(雇用)twopeopletohelphimatharvesttimelastautumn.5．Itwasbecomingapparent(显而易见的)tomethatshedidn'tlikeme.6．Theconductor(列车员)wongreatapplauseaftertheperformance.7．Everyoneshouldbetreatedwithjustice(公正)．8．Iwassenttobedasapunishment(惩罚)．Ⅱ.选词填空eq\x(teamupwith，slipdown，takein，feellike，backtoback，applyfor)1．Ihadbeenupallnightataparty,soIdidn'tfeel_likedoinganythingverymuchthenextday.2．Letusteam_up_withthemtomakeanewballteam.3．YouneedtostayinNanjingatleasttwoweeksifyouwanttotake_inallthetouristplaces.4．Standback_to_backanddon'ttalktoeachother.5．Hehasapplied_forapassporttotheUK.6．Whensheheardthenews,thecupinherhandslipped_downontothefloor.[本单元语言点温故练习]Ⅰ.将下列句子改为含有名词性从句的复合句1．Englishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.Itisafact.→It_is_a_fact_that_English_is_being_accepted_as_an_international_language.2．Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildeverythingheorshewants.→It_is_generally_considered_unwise_to_give_a_child_whatever_he_or_she_wants.3．Heshouldreportthisaccidenttothepoliceatonce.Thisismysuggestion.→My_suggestion_is_that_he_should_report_this_accident_to_the_police_at_once.4．Juliebecameapoet.Itmayhavebeenduetoheruncle'sinfluence.→That_Julie_became_a_poet_may_have_been_due_to_her_uncle's_influence.5．WhydidhechooseHarvardUniversitytofurtherhisstudies?Itiscleartoeverybody.→Why_he_chose_Harvard_University_to_further_his_studies_is_clear_to_everybody.6．WhenwillhereturnfromNewYork?Itdependsagreatdealonhishealth.→When_he'll_return_from_New_York_depends_a_great_deal_on_his_health.7．Couldyoutellmeit?Whetherareyou,thechairman,orvice­chairmanresponsibleforthisfinancialproblem?→Could_you_tell_me_whether_you,_the_chairman,_or_vice­chairman_is_responsible_for_this_financial_problem?8．Tellmeit.WhichcitydoyouneedtogotoifyouwanttotakepartinMardiGras?→Tell_me_which_city_you_need_to_go_to_if_you_want_to_take_part_in_Mardi_Gras.Ⅱ.补全句子1．Hehasbarelyenoughmoneyto_live_on.他的钱仅够勉强维持生计。2．Bynomeanswould_I_give_upthoughIwasfacedwithsomuchtrouble.尽管面对着很多困难，但我绝不会放弃。3．Johnis_said_to_beoneofthebestteachersintheschool.据说约翰是这个学校最好的老师之一。4．Nowitisallabouthow_to_make_a_lifehereforthemselves.现在的一切就是他们如何在这儿适应新生活。5．Seeingmanysufferingfromallkindsofdieseases,heelected_to_become_a_doctor.看到许多人在忍受着各种疾病的痛苦，他决定当医生。6．Having_bargained_withthemerchant,heboughtthering.他与那商人讨价还价之后买下那枚戒指。7．With_a_lot_of_work_to_do,_hegotupveryearlythismorning.由于有很多工作要做，他今天很早就起床了。8．Thebusbrokedown,so_that_we_had_to_walk.公共汽车出现了故障，因此我们不得不步行。二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧Ⅰ.阅读理解Ineighteenseventy­seven,theAmericangovernmentdecidedtomovetheNezPerceIndiansfromtheirland.ThegovernmenthadsetupareservationfortheminIdaho.ChiefJosephdidnotwanttoleavetheland.Itwasholyground.Itcontainedthebonesofhisfatherandmother.But,likehisfatherinearliertimes,ChiefJosephknewitwouldbehopelesstostayanddefendtheland.ThereweretoofewIndianstowinawaragainstthewhitemen.AndsoinJuneofeighteenseventy­seven,theNezPercelefttheirhomeintheWallowaValley.Theyleftquickly.Theywereabletotakeonlyasmallpartofwhattheyowned,andjustafewcattleandAppaloosahorses.WhentheIndiansreachedtheSnakeRiver,thewaterwasverydeepandranveryfastwithmeltedsnowfromthemountains.ChiefJosephandhispeoplemadeboatsfromsticksanddriedanimalskinstocrosstheriver.WhiletheIndianswerebusy,agroupofwhitemencameandstolesomeofthecattlewaitingattheedgeoftheriver.TheotherchiefsdemandedthatJosephcallameeting.Twoofthechiefs,WhiteBirdandToohoolhoolzote,spokeforWar,butJosephhelddifferentopinion.SomeoftheyoungmeninWhiteBird'sgroupwereveryangry.Thatnight,theyrodeintothecountrysideandkilledelevenwhitepersons.Duringallhisyearsaschief,Josephhadtriedtokeepthepeace.Nowhesawtherewasnohope.Althoughheandhisyoungmenhadtakennopartinthekillings,heknewthatthewhitemenwouldblamealloftheIndians.ChiefJosephsaid,“IwouldhavegivenmyownlifeifIcouldhaveundonethekillingofthewhitemen.”ManyNezPercefled.ChiefJosephremained,becausehiswifewasabouttohaveababy.Aftershegavebirth,heandhisfamilyjoinedtheothersinWhiteBirdCanyontothesouth.JosephwantedtoleadthepeopletosafetyintheflatlandsofMontana.ButtheUnitedStatesarmyquicklysenthorsesoldierstofollowthem.TheywereextremelytiredwhentheyreachedWhiteBirdCanyon.AnIndian—carryingawhiteflag—walkedforwardtomeetthem.Asoldiershothim.Withthatshot,warbetweentheNezPerceandtheUnitedStatesbegan.语篇解读：本文主要介绍内兹佩尔塞部落印第安人被迫离开自己世世代代生长的地方，且在搬迁过程中受到美国白人的欺压，最后，印第安人首领约瑟夫带领其人民进行反抗，为了获得自由而与美国展开斗争。1．Whydidn'tChiefJosephwanttoleavetheland?A．HethoughtthereservationinIdahowasn'tsatisfying.B．Hedidn'twanttobeseparatedfromhisparents.C．Hehadspecialfeelingforthelandwherehewasliving.D．Hedidn'twanttolivewiththewhitemen.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ChiefJosephdidnotwanttoleavetheland.Itwasholyground.Itcontainedthebonesofhisfatherandmother.”可知选C。2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Beforetheylefttheirhome,theNezPercehadonlyafewcattleandAppaloosahorses.B．ChiefJosephandhispeoplewereunwillingtocrossthedeepriver.C．WhentheIndiansreachedtheSnakeRiver,itwasveryhardforthemtocrossit.D．WhiletheIndianswerewaitingbytheriver,agroupofwhitemenstolesomeofthecattle.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第四段第一句话“WhentheIndiansreachedtheSnakeRiver,thewaterwasverydeepandranveryfastwithmeltedsnowfromthemountains.”可判断C项正确，故选C。3．Fromthepassagewecaninferthat________.A．ChiefJosephknewitwouldbehopelesstodefendthelandB．whitemenoftenkilledsomeIndiansC．C